JPH08335043A - Dot matrix image display module and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce the deterioration of image characteristic by damage or fat and oil sticking of an optical low-pass filter by integrally forming a flat protective layer so as to cover the optical functional surface of the optical low-pass filter, and arranging the flat protective layer so as to face the outside. CONSTITUTION: A resin layer 12 having optical low-pass filter function is formed on a phase difference late 25 by use of an ultraviolet-curing resin, and the resin layer 12 is covered with a flat protective layer 13. Such an optical low-pass filter 10a is fixed to the front surface of the glass 21 of a liquid crystal panel 20 by a sticking resin 14. The phase difference plate 25 and the filter 10a are fixed to the liquid crystal panel 20 in this way, thereby, a liquid crystal display device can be downsized. The irregular optical functional surface of the filter 10a is covered with the transparent protective layer 13, and the surface of the protective layer 13 is flatly formed. Thus, even when a dirt such as dust or fat and oil is stuck to the surface, it can be easily cleaned.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a dot matrix image display as one element constituting a dot matrix display device for displaying an image or the like by a collection of small pixels arranged two-dimensionally and regularly such as a liquid crystal display device and a plasma display. The present invention relates to a module and a method for manufacturing the module.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a dot matrix image display device that expresses an image with two-dimensionally arranged pixels such as a liquid crystal display device, noise called sampling noise due to the pixel arrangement periodic structure is generated, and the image quality is deteriorated. There was a phenomenon of deterioration. In order to solve this problem, noise removal using a phase type diffraction grating having an optical low-pass filter function has been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-114475).

However, since the optical low-pass filter has irregularities on the surface, it is difficult to remove dust and dirt adhering to the surface. In addition, some manufacturing materials are soft, so that they are easily scratched and the low-pass filtering characteristics are easily deteriorated.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to simplify the cleaning and mounting of an optical low-pass filter, reduce the deterioration of image characteristics due to scratches and the adhesion of oils and fats, and further improve the manufacturing accuracy.

In the dot matrix display module according to the present invention, an optical low pass filter is arranged outside the dot matrix display body, and a flat protective layer is formed on the optical low pass filter so as to cover the optically functional surface of the optical low pass filter. It is integrally formed, and the flat protective layer is arranged so as to face outward. The refractive index of the flat protective layer is different from that of the optical low pass filter.

According to the present invention, since the optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter is covered with the flat protective layer and the surface of the flat protective layer is flat, the handling such as cleaning is easy. In addition, since the optical functional surface of the optical low-pass filter is protected by the flat protective layer, it is possible to prevent dust from adhering to the optical functional surface and prevent damage to the optical functional surface.

Since the refractive index of the flat protective layer is larger than that of air, the refractive index difference between the optical low pass filter and the flat protective layer is smaller than the refractive index difference between the optical low pass filter and air. . As a result, the grating thickness of the optical low-pass filter can be increased, and the required accuracy can be relaxed. The thickness can be easily controlled even in the production of the lattice.

In the dot matrix image display module provided with a polarizing plate, preferably an optical low pass filter is formed integrally with the polarizing plate. Further, in the case of including the retardation plate, the optical low-pass filter is preferably formed integrally with the retardation plate.

With such a structure, the optical low-pass filter and the polarizing plate or the retardation plate can be easily fixed to the dot matrix display body such as a liquid crystal panel using an adhesive resin or an adhesive resin. It also contributes to downsizing and thinning of a dot matrix display device using this dot matrix image display module.

By forming a protruding portion for supporting an optical element, which protrudes outward, on the outer surface of the flat protective layer, the polarizing plate or the like can be fixed by utilizing this protruding portion.

In the method of manufacturing an optical low-pass filter having a flat protective layer according to the present invention, liquid resin is dropped on the optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter, and the dropped resin is pressed using a mold having a flat surface. The mold is peeled off after the resin is cured.

When the resin is pressed using a mold whose surface in contact with the resin is coated with a resin having a low interfacial energy, the mold and the resin can be easily separated.

According to the method of the present invention, the flat protective layer covering the optically functional surface of the optical low pass filter can be easily manufactured.

[0014]

EXAMPLES FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C show the structure of an optical low-pass filter manufactured by various manufacturing methods.

The optical low-pass filter is a kind of phase-type diffraction grating, and has two-dimensional irregularities (diffraction grating) having a sinusoidal shape, a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, etc. on one surface (optical functional surface) at a constant period. It is formed continuously and continuously. Optical low-pass filters 10A, 10B and 10C shown in FIGS. 1 (A), 1 (B) and 1 (C) are sinusoidal optical low-pass filters in which sinusoidal diffraction gratings are formed.

The optical low-pass filter 10A shown in FIG. 1 (A) is made of an ultraviolet curable resin using a stamper, and an ultraviolet curable resin layer 12 having a sinusoidal diffraction grating formed on a substrate 11. Is provided.

The optical low-pass filter 10B shown in FIG. 1 (B) is manufactured by injection molding, and a sinusoidal diffraction grating is formed on one surface of the molding resin.

The optical low pass filter 10C shown in FIG. 1 (C) is manufactured by sheet molding and embossing. An optical low-pass filter 10C is produced by molding a resin sheet and pressing a mold (having a sinusoidal concavo-convex pattern) onto the sheet while heating the resin sheet (embossing).

2 and 3 show an example of the manufacturing process of the optical low-pass filter 10A shown in FIG. 1 (A).

A substrate 11 is prepared. As the substrate 11, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA / refractive index n = 1.491),
It is also possible to use transparent resin substrates and films such as polycarbonate (PC / refractive index n = 1.585), triacetyl cellulose (TAC / refractive index n = 1.485), and synthetic quartz, glass substrate such as Corning # 7059, etc. it can.

UV curable resin 12a is dropped on the substrate 11,
Wait for it to spread evenly (Fig. 2 (A1)). UV curable resin 12
If a does not spread evenly on the substrate 11, spin coating or roll coating is used to make the thickness of the UV curable resin layer uniform (FIG. 2 (A2)). FIG. 2B shows a state where the ultraviolet curable resin 12a is formed on the substrate 11 with a uniform film thickness. The UV curable resin is semi-cured due to its air nature.

The UV curable resin used is LE-3629 (refractive index n = 1.52) manufactured by Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd.
GRANDIC RC manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.
Series (refractive index n = 1.52 to 1.53), DEFENSA
The HNA series (refractive index n = 1.37) is available.

A stamper 9 having a mold surface corresponding to the optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter (having opposite recesses and projections) is prepared in advance. The same UV curable resin 12b as that used in the UV curable resin layer 12a is dropped on the center of the mold surface of the stamper 9 so that the UV curable resin layer 12a faces the UV curable resin layer 12a. The stamper 9 is placed on the mold surface, and the UV curable resin 12b dropped on the mold surface is left to spread (FIG. 3 (c)).

By dropping the ultraviolet curable resin 12b at the center of the mold surface of the stamper 9 and spreading the resin 12b outward, it is possible to prevent bubbles from being mixed into the resin 12b.

The stamper 9 is pressed against the substrate 11 if necessary. The stamper 9 and the substrate 11 are held in parallel with each other. By pressing the stamper 9 or decreasing the viscosity of the ultraviolet curable resin used, the speed at which the ultraviolet curable resin spreads on the mold surface of the stamper 9 is increased.

Ultraviolet rays are radiated from the side of the substrate 11 through the substrate 11 to cure the ultraviolet curing resins 12a and 12b (see FIG. 3).
(D)).

After the ultraviolet curable resins 12a and 12b are cured, the stamper 9 is peeled off (FIG. 3 (E)). The ultraviolet curable resins 12a and 12b form the resin layer 12 having an optical low pass filter function.

Preferably, the ultraviolet curable resin layer 12 is thinner than the substrate 11 and its size is the same as the substrate 11 or slightly smaller than the substrate 11.

In this way, the optical low pass filter 10A made of the ultraviolet curable resin on the substrate is obtained by using the stamper. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part of the obtained optical low-pass filter. FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of only the portion of the ultraviolet curable resin layer 10A having an optical low pass filter function.

The optical low-pass filter shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is called a sinusoidal optical low-pass filter as described above, and one surface (optical functional surface) thereof.
The sinusoidal unevenness is two-dimensionally formed at a constant period. The sine wave period (pitch) in one direction and the sine wave period in the direction orthogonal thereto may be the same or different. The cutoff spatial frequency of the optical low pass filter 10A is defined by its pitch A and grating thickness d. The sinusoidal optical low pass filter is said to have excellent optical low pass filter characteristics.

6 to 11 show another example of the optical low-pass filter. These drawings are for exemplifying various shapes, and the manufacturing method thereof does not matter.

The optical low-pass filter 10D shown in FIG. 6 is one in which quadrangular pyramidal projections (having a triangular cross section) are two-dimensionally and continuously formed on one surface.

The optical low-pass filter 10E shown in FIG. 7 is of a so-called step type and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape (cube shape).
The convex portions (having a rectangular cross section) are two-dimensionally and continuously formed.

An optical low-pass filter 10F shown in FIG. 8 is called a prism plate, and quadrangular pyramid prisms are formed on one surface at intervals in two directions orthogonal to each other.

An optical low-pass filter 10G shown in FIG. 9 has a convex surface formed of a part of a spherical surface formed on one surface at regular intervals in two directions orthogonal to each other.

Optical low-pass filter 10H shown in FIG.
Has a shape in which the concavities and convexities are inverted from those of the optical low-pass filter 10G of FIG. 9, and is formed in such a manner that a concave surface formed of a part of a spherical surface is arranged on a single surface in two orthogonal directions at regular intervals. Is.

Optical low-pass filter 10I shown in FIG.
Has a shape obtained by cutting the top of the quadrangular pyramid prism of the optical low-pass filter 10F shown in FIG.

Materials for the optical low-pass filter 10B manufactured by the injection molding method shown in FIG. 1 (B) and the optical low-pass filter 10C manufactured by sheet formation and embossing shown in FIG. 1 (C) are as follows: The transparent resin base material described above is used.

FIGS. 12 to 16 show a structure in which the optically functional surface (the surface on which irregularities such as sinusoidal waves are formed) of the above-described optical low-pass filters 10A, 10B and 10C is covered with a transparent protective layer. . Since the surface of the protective layer is flat, this is called a flat protective layer.

FIG. 12 shows the optical functional surface of the optical low-pass filter 10A shown in FIG. 1 (A) covered with a flat protective layer 13.

FIG. 13 shows the optical functional surface of the optical low-pass filter 10B shown in FIG. 1B, and FIG. 14 shows the optical functional surface of the optical low-pass filter 10C shown in FIG. 1C. The structure covered with 13 is shown.

12 to 14, the flat protective layer 13 is depicted as slightly protruding from the optical low-pass filter, but as shown in FIG. 15, the optical low-pass filter and the flat protective layer 13 are separated from each other. It is preferable that the cross sections (side surfaces) are aligned. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, it is more preferable that the flat protective layer 13 is slightly smaller than the optical low pass filter. Although FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 show the optical low-pass filter 10A, the same applies to the other optical low-pass filters 10B and 10C (and 10E to 10I).

As the material of the flat protective layer, the above-mentioned ultraviolet curable resin, epoxy resin or the like (refractive index n = 1.46 to 1.5) is used.
4) is used. The flattening protective layer has a refractive index different from that of the optical low-pass filter.

The optically functional surface having irregularities of the optical low-pass filter is covered with a transparent protective layer, and the surface of this protective layer is formed flat. Therefore, even if dirt such as dust or grease adheres to the surface, cleaning is easy. The optical functional surface of the optical low-pass filter is not damaged. Furthermore, since the difference in the refractive index between the flat protective layer and the optical low-pass filter is smaller than that when the optical low-pass filter is exposed (when it is in contact with air), the depth of the unevenness of the optical low-pass filter is small. It is possible to increase the (height), and it becomes easy to control when manufacturing it.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, when the flat protective layer does not protrude from the optical low-pass filter, when the flat protective layer is held at its peripheral edge, an unnecessary chip is not generated in the protective layer or occurs. Hard to do. As shown in Fig. 15, the optical low-pass filter and the flat protective layer having the same cross section have an advantage that contaminants and the like do not decrease during cleaning.

An example of the step of forming the flat protective layer on the optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the optical low-pass filter.
Although the one shown in (A) is shown (Fig. 17 (A)),
(B) and optical low-pass filters 10B and 10 shown in FIG. 1 (C).
C (or the optical low-pass filter shown in FIGS. 6 to 11)
It goes without saying that 10D to 10I) may be used.

A resin 13a for forming a protective layer is dropped on the optical functional surface of the optical low-pass filter 10A so that the optical functional surface faces upward. If it does not spread well, spin coat or roll coat the resin 13
Spread evenly with a (Fig. 17 (B)). Examples of the resin 13a include GRAN manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.
DIC RC series (refractive index n = 1.52 to 1.53) is used. As mentioned above, the optical low-pass filter 10A
A resin 13a having a refractive index different from that of the resin layer 12 is used.

Next, the mold 30 which is flat and has a good ultraviolet transmittance is pressed against the resin 13a (FIG. 17 (C)). At this time, the mold 30 and the optical low-pass filter 10A (substrate 11) are kept parallel.
As the mold 30, for example, a glass substrate is used.

The resin layer 13 is cured by irradiating the resin layer 13 with ultraviolet rays through the transparent mold 30 (FIG. 17 (D)).
The outer surface of the resin layer 13 is flat and parallel to the optical low pass filter.

Finally, when the mold 30 is peeled off, an optical low-pass filter whose optically functional surface is covered with the flat resin layer 13 is obtained.

When a glass substrate is used as the mold, the adhesion between the glass substrate and the resin is poor, so that it can be easily peeled off.

In the liquid crystal display device, polarizing plates are arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal panel. Further, in a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal that converts linearly polarized light into in-elliptic polarized light, such as super twisted nematic (STN) liquid crystal, in order to improve the contrast of a displayed image, a liquid crystal panel and a polarized light on the outer side are used. A retardation plate is arranged between the plate and the plate. This phase difference plate converts the elliptically polarized light into linearly polarized light. Active LCD panel (Thin Film Transist
or (TFT) method and Metal Insulator Metal (MIM)
Method), the use of a retardation plate is being considered to improve the contrast.

It is preferable to form an optical low-pass filter integrally with the polarizing plate and the retardation plate arranged outside the liquid crystal panel.

In FIG. 18A, an ultraviolet curable resin layer 12 (which may be called an optical low pass filter) having an optical low pass filter function surface is formed on the retardation plate 25 (or the polarizing plate 24). Has been done. This is a substrate for manufacturing the optical low-pass filter 10A shown in FIGS.
The retardation plate 25 may be used instead of 11. This optical low-pass filter is indicated by reference numeral 10a.

FIG. 18 shows such an optical low pass filter.
The step of forming the flat protective layer 13 so as to cover the optically functional surface of 10a is shown. The manufacturing method is basically the same as that shown in FIG.

UV curable resin 13a is dropped on the optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter 10a and spread evenly (Fig.
18 (A)). If it does not spread well, spin coat
Roll coat and spread evenly. The ultraviolet curable resin 13a has a refractive index different from that of the ultraviolet curable resin layer 12 of the optical low pass filter 10a.

From above the ultraviolet curable resin 13a, a transparent mold 30 having a flat surface and a good ultraviolet transmittance is used for pressing (FIG. 18 (C)). The flat pressing surface of the mold 30 and the optical low-pass filter 10a (phase difference plate 25) are kept parallel to each other.

Ultraviolet rays are irradiated through the mold 30 to cure the ultraviolet curable resin layer 13 (FIG. 18 (D)). Then, the mold 30 is peeled off (FIG. 18 (E)).

When the surface of the mold 30 (at least the flat pressing surface) is coated with a polymer material 30a having a low interfacial energy represented by Teflon or polyethylene, it can be easily peeled off.

The above manufacturing method is particularly effective when a polarizing plate is used as the substrate of the optical low-pass filter 10a. That is, the polarizing plate generally has a very low ultraviolet transmittance. The manufacturing method described above has a high ultraviolet transmittance and
Since ultraviolet rays are radiated through the mold 30 having a flat surface,
UV curable resin cures quickly.

As the resin for the flat protective layer, an epoxy resin (refractive index n = 1.46) was used instead of the ultraviolet curable resin as described above.
~ 1.54) and the like can also be used. When an epoxy resin is used, it may be left at room temperature to cure the resin, or it may be heated to accelerate the curing.

Since the optical low-pass filter is generally transparent to ultraviolet rays (excluding the case where a polarizing plate is used as the substrate), the optical low-pass filter 10a is used when the ultraviolet-curing resin is cured as shown in FIG. Ultraviolet rays can be radiated through (the same applies to other optical low-pass filters) (compare Fig. 17 (D) and Fig. 18 (D)).
In this case, since the mold 30 does not need to be transparent, a material having good flatness such as a silicon base material can be selected as the mold.

FIG. 20 schematically shows the structure of the liquid crystal display device. In this figure, for convenience of drawing and for easy understanding, the thickness direction of the liquid crystal panel and other components are drawn in a considerably enlarged manner, and the length (or width) direction is reduced in a considerably reduced manner (pixel or dot). The number is very small). This also applies to the other figures.

The liquid crystal panel 20 has two glass substrates 21 and 22, and liquid crystal (not shown) is filled in a slight gap between the glass substrates 21 and 22. Two glass substrates 21
The dashed line drawn between 22 and 22 represents the black matrix 29. The area surrounded by the black matrix 29 is a display pixel.

A light source (backlight) 28 is arranged behind the liquid crystal panel 20. A polarizing plate 23 is arranged between the liquid crystal panel 20 and the light source 28, and a polarizing plate 24 is arranged in front of the liquid crystal panel 20. The polarization directions of the polarizing plates 23 and 24 are orthogonal to each other. Light source 28, liquid crystal panel 20, polarizing plate 2
3, 24 are supported by a supporting member (not shown).

A resin layer 12 having an optical low-pass filter function is formed on the retardation plate 25 with an ultraviolet curable resin, and the resin layer 12 is covered with a flat protective layer 13. Such an optical low-pass filter (corresponding to the one indicated by 10a in FIG. 18 (E)) is made of glass of the liquid crystal panel 20 by the ultraviolet curing resin, epoxy resin, other adhesive resin, or adhesive resin 14.
It is fixed on the front of 21.

As described above, by fixing the retardation plate and the optical low-pass filter to the liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal display device can be downsized. It is preferable that the retardation plate and the optical low pass filter have substantially the same size as the liquid crystal panel or smaller than the liquid crystal panel.

As the adhesive resin or the adhesive resin, it is preferable to select one having a refractive index close to that of the optical element (liquid crystal panel, retardation plate, etc.) to which the adhesive or adhesive is adhered. By this,
There is an advantage that the difference in refractive index at the interface of the adhesive or adhesive resin becomes small, and the refractive index at the interface becomes low. This leads to prevention of deterioration of contrast on the display surface of the display device.

FIG. 21 shows another configuration example. Here, illustration of the light source and the polarizing plate of the light source example is omitted. This also applies to FIGS. 22, 23, and 24 described later.

Optical low-pass filter 10B (or 10C
) Has a flat protective layer 13 formed thereon. An optical low-pass filter 10B and a polarizing plate 24 are arranged in this order on the outer side of the liquid crystal panel 20, and are held by a supporting member (not shown).

FIG. 22 shows a configuration using a polarizing plate with an optical low pass filter (or an optical low pass filter with a polarizing plate) 24A.

A polarizing plate is generally composed of a polarizer and protective layers attached to both surfaces thereof. The polarizer itself is produced by uniaxially stretching polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and adsorbing an iodine complex or a dye.
The protective layer is, for example, a sheet of triacetyl cellulose (TAC). An optical low pass filter is formed by heating one of the protective layers and embossing with the female pattern of the sinusoidal low pass filter.

A flat protective layer 13 is formed so as to cover the optically functional surface of such a polarizing plate with an optical low-pass filter 24A.

Adhesive or adhesive resin on the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 20
The retardation plate 25 is fixed by 14 and the polarizing plate 24A with an optical low-pass filter is fixed to the outer surface of this retardation plate 25 by an adhesive or adhesive resin 14.

FIG. 23 shows the structure of FIG.
(And of course, the adhesive or adhesive resin 14) has been removed. The polarizing plate 24A with an optical low-pass filter and the liquid crystal panel 20 are fixed to a supporting member (not shown).

FIG. 24 shows the structure of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 20, in which the flat protective layer 13 is integrally provided with side walls (or supporting protrusions) 13a protruding outward. This side wall 13
The polarizing plate 24 is fixed (for example, adhered) to a. With such a configuration, the number of parts can be deleted and the size can be reduced. The side wall 13a may be provided over the entire circumference or may be partially cut. By setting the heights of the side walls 13a to be the same at all places, the gap between the flat protective layer 13 and the polarizing plate 24 can be made equal regardless of the place, and they can be kept parallel to each other.

The side wall 13a is formed on the mold 30 (see FIGS. 17 and 18) used when forming the flat protective layer on the optical low-pass filter.
If a groove corresponding to the
It can be integrally formed with the ultraviolet curable resin.

FIG. 25 shows an example in which a scattering surface (scratch) is formed on the end surface (side surface) of the optical low-pass filter 10A on which the flat protective layer 13 is formed. The scattering surface is a rough surface and diffuses light.

FIG. 26 shows an example in which a light absorbing surface (for example, painted black) is formed on the end surface (side surface) of the optical low pass filter 10A and the flat protective layer 13.

These scattering surface and light absorbing surface play two roles. The first is to prevent disturbance light that has entered the flat protective layer or the optical low-pass filter from the outer surface of the flat protective layer or the optical low-pass filter from being specularly reflected by the end face and entering the liquid crystal panel. The second is
The light from the light source that has passed through the liquid crystal panel is prevented from entering the optical low-pass filter and the flat protective layer, being specularly reflected by the end faces thereof, and emitted to the outside to enter the human eye.
This makes the displayed image easier to see.

An antireflection film (anti-reflection coat: AR coat) is formed on the surface of the flat protective layer formed so as to cover the optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter, or the peripheral surface is roughened. Processing (anti-glare processing:
By performing AG processing), it is possible to improve the contrast of a display device using the same.

FIG. 27 shows a structural example of a liquid crystal display device. This liquid crystal display device is provided in, for example, a mobile TV. The light source 28, the polarizing plate 23, and the liquid crystal panel 20 are attached and fixed to the frame 58A in this order.

An optical low-pass filter (a resin layer 12 having an optical low-pass filter function) (including a flat protective layer 13) using a polarizing plate 24 as a substrate is fixed to the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 20 by an adhesive resin layer 14. ing.

In this way, the number of components to be assembled in the frame 58A is reduced, and the assembly is simplified. If necessary, a microlens between the light source 28 and the liquid crystal panel 20
An array is provided. Further, an antireflection film is formed on the outer surface of the flattening resin 13 or antiglare is applied.

FIG. 28 shows an example of a liquid crystal display device provided with a retardation plate 25.

The same parts as those shown in FIG. 27 are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant description.

A retardation plate 25 is attached and fixed to the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 20 by an adhesive resin layer 14. A resin layer 12 having an optical low-pass filter function using the retardation plate 25 as a substrate.
And a flat protective layer 13 is formed. This is the structure shown in FIG. A polarizing plate 24 is fixed to the frame 58A on the outside of these.

FIG. 29 shows the structure of the viewfinder provided in the video camera. The lens 57 and the liquid crystal display device are attached to the lens barrel 59. The structure of the liquid crystal display device is the same as that shown in FIG. The frame is shown at 58B.

FIG. 30 shows an optical configuration of a liquid crystal TV (television) projector. The light generated by the light source 61 is reflected by a parabolic mirror 62 arranged behind the light source 61 to be substantially collimated, and is condensed by a condenser lens 63. The liquid crystal panel 20 is arranged on the optical path of the light condensed by the condenser lens 63. A polarizing plate 23 is provided between the liquid crystal panel 20 and the lens 63, and the flat protective layer 13 is provided on the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel 20 using the polarizing plate 24 as a substrate.
The optical low-pass filter 10 (resin layer 12) including the is fixed by the adhesive resin 14.

The liquid crystal panel 20 is controlled by a video signal given from the outside. As a result, the image represented by the video signal appears on the surface of the liquid crystal panel 20. An image represented by the light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel 20 and the polarizing plates 23 and 24 is formed on the screen 67 at a distance through the image forming lens 66.

FIG. 31 shows an example of application to a head mount display device which is used by directly mounting it on the human head. A liquid crystal display device fixed to the frame 58 is built in the inside of this device. This liquid crystal display device is shown in FIG.
It has the same structure as shown in. The user sees the virtual image formed by the lens 56 of the image displayed on the liquid crystal display device through the eyepiece lens 56.

The optical low-pass filter having the flat protective layer according to the present invention can be applied not only to liquid crystal panels but also to all other dot matrix type display devices (including plasma displays) and other optical devices. Needless to say.

The concept of the present invention in which the optically functional surface having irregularities of the optical element is covered with the flat protective layer can be applied not only to the above-described optical low-pass filter but also to other optical elements. 32 and 33 show examples of these other optical elements.

In FIG. 32, the diffractive Fresnel lens 15 is formed of an ultraviolet curable resin using a stamper.
The Fresnel lens 15 has a plurality of concentric ring-shaped concavo-convex patterns, and the width of the ring-shaped pattern becomes narrower toward the outside, so that a light converging action is achieved by the light diffraction effect. Although the blazed pattern is shown, it may be a step-type uneven pattern. Such a concavo-convex pattern of the Fresnel lens is covered with the flat protective layer 13A. The refractive index of the flat protective layer 13A is Fresnel lens 15
Different from the refractive index of.

In FIG. 33, a large number of microlenses 16a
Are arranged two-dimensionally. Microlens array
16 is made of an ultraviolet curable resin using a stamper. The uneven surface of the microlens array 16 is a flat protective layer
Covered by 13B. Needless to say, as the resin forming the flat protective layer 13, a resin having a refractive index different from that of the microlens array 16 is used.

The microlens array is used in the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device. One microlens included in the microphone lens array for each pixel of the liquid crystal panel
Corresponding to. Light from the backlight light source is condensed by the microlens and is incident on each pixel of the liquid crystal panel.
As a result, a bright image can be displayed.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A, 1B, and 1C are cross-sectional views showing the structure of an optical low-pass filter manufactured by various manufacturing methods.

FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2B show steps of manufacturing an optical low-pass filter using a UV curable resin using a stamper.

3 (C), (D) and (E) show a process of manufacturing an optical low-pass filter with an ultraviolet curing resin using a stamper.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a sinusoidal optical low-pass filter manufactured by the manufacturing method shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a sinusoidal optical low-pass filter.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of the optical low-pass filter.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the optical low-pass filter.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the optical low-pass filter.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the optical low-pass filter.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing still another example of the optical low-pass filter.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing still another example of the optical low-pass filter.

12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a flat protective layer is formed on the optical low pass filter shown in FIG. 1 (A).

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a flat protective layer is formed on the optical low pass filter shown in FIG. 1 (B).

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a flat protective layer is formed on the optical low pass filter shown in FIG. 1 (C).

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing another form of an optical low-pass filter having a flat protective layer formed thereon.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing another form of an optical low-pass filter having a flat protective layer formed thereon.

17 (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) show steps of forming a flat protective layer on an optical low pass filter.

18 (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) show steps of forming a flat protective layer on an optical low pass filter.

FIG. 19 shows a part of a process of forming a flat protective layer on an optical low pass filter.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device including an optical low-pass filter integrally formed with a retardation plate.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another structural example of the liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device including an optical low-pass filter integrally formed with a polarizing plate.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another structural example of the liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view schematically showing still another structural example of the liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of an optical low-pass filter with a flat protective layer whose end face is subjected to light scattering treatment.

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of an optical low-pass filter with a flat protective layer having an end surface subjected to light absorption processing.

FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a mobile TV.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a portable television including a retardation plate.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a viewfinder.

FIG. 30 shows a configuration of a liquid crystal TV projector.

FIG. 31 shows a configuration of a head mounted display device.

FIG. 32 is a micro Fresnel film having a flat protective layer formed thereon.
It is a perspective view which shows a lens.

FIG. 33 is a micro Fresnel film having a flat protective layer formed thereon.
It is a perspective view which shows a lens.

[Explanation of symbols]

9 Stampers 10a, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E, 10F, 10G, 10
H, 10I, Optical low-pass filter 11 Substrate 12 UV curable resin layer 12a, 12b UV curable resin 13 Flat protective layer 13a, 13A Flat protective resin 14 Adhesive resin 15 Diffractive Fresnel lens 16 Microlens array 20 Liquid crystal panel 21, 22 Glass substrate 23, 24 Polarizer 24A Polarizer with optical low-pass filter 25 Phase difference plate 28 Light source 29 Black matrix 30-inch

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An optical low-pass filter is arranged outside a dot matrix display, and a flat protective layer is formed integrally with the optical low-pass filter so as to cover an optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter. A dot matrix image display module in which the protective layer is arranged so as to face outward. 2. The dot matrix image display module according to claim 1, wherein an optical low-pass filter is formed integrally with the polarizing plate, which is provided with the polarizing plate. 3. The dot-matrix image display module according to claim 1, wherein an optical low-pass filter is integrally formed on the retardation plate, which is provided with the retardation plate. 4. The dot matrix image display module according to claim 1, wherein an outer surface of the flat protective layer is formed with a protrusion for supporting an optical element that protrudes outward. 5. A liquid resin is dripped onto the optically functional surface of the optical low-pass filter, and the dripped resin is pressed using a mold having a flat surface to cure the resin and then peel off the mold.
A method for manufacturing an optical low-pass filter having a flat protective layer. 6. The resin is pressed by using a mold whose surface contacting with the resin is coated with a resin having a low interfacial energy.
The manufacturing method described in. 7. A television provided with the dot matrix image display module according to claim 1. 8. A viewfinder comprising the dot matrix image display module according to claim 1. 9. A projector comprising the dot matrix image display module according to claim 1. 10. A head mounted display comprising the dot matrix image display module according to claim 1. 11. An image display system comprising the dot matrix image display module according to claim 1.