JPH08317737A - Covering material for suppressing plant growth - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a readily handleable covering material for suppressing plant growth, containing a specific phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalocyanine compound, having weather resistance and useful for protected horticulture or home gardening with natural light. CONSTITUTION: This material contains a phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalocyanine compound having the maximum absorption wavelength at 600-700nm. The material is obtained by regulating the transmittance of the photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) when light is transmitted to >=50% and the value of A in the formula A=R/Fr (R is the photon flux of red light at 600-700nm wavelength; Fr is the photon flux of far red light at 700-800nm wavelength) to >=1.3. A phthalocyanine compound of formula I (A<1> to A<16> are each independently H, a halogen, hydroxyl group, etc.; >=4 groups among A<1> , A<4> , A<5> , A<8> , A<9> , A<12> , A<13> and A<16> are 1-20C alkoxy, etc.; M is a bivalent metallic atom, etc.) and a naphthalocyanine compound of formula II (B<1> to B<24> are each independently H, a halogen, hydroxyl group, etc.; >=4 groups among B<1> , B<6> , B<7> , B<12> , B<13> , B<18> , B<19> and B<24> are aryl, etc.) can be exemplified.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel coating material for suppressing plant growth, which is extremely valuable in institutional gardening or home gardening.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The first purpose of a covering material used for facility gardening and home gardening is to suppress heat loss due to convective heat transfer between the outside air and the greenhouse (to reduce the ventilation rate), so that an appropriate temperature environment can be obtained. Adjustment, adjustment of cultivation time, reduction of cultivation required days,
It is to increase the number of cultivation. In addition, it also has the effect of blocking rainfall and preventing migration of agricultural chemicals and fertilizers out of the greenhouse, and also enables CO ₂ fertilization. Since the primary coating material is directly exposed to the outside air and sunlight, it is desirable that the primary coating material has a long service life and high light transmittance. For this purpose, glass,
A plastic plate or film is used. Especially in the case of a film, it has an advantage that it is inexpensive and easy to attach and detach. The secondary coating material is mainly used for heat retention and light shielding purposes, and also has the purpose of increasing the spectral transmittance and the proportion of diffused light in the total amount of transmitted light, and polyethylene and aluminum vapor-deposited films are often used. As described above, the function of the covering material that is currently put into practical use is mainly to maintain and control the temperature environment. Regarding the functions of other coating materials, in response to the rapid development of photomorphogenesis in the 1950s, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries was the main researcher in Japan, and research on light quality utilization including photomorphogenesis control was conducted. 19
It has been active for more than 20 years until 1983. However, no practical results have been obtained yet (Agriculture and Horticulture, Vol. 69, No. 9, p. 986, 199).
4 years).

By the way, today, the seedlings produced in the seedling production facility are generally oversized, and dwarfed and sturdy seedlings are desired. The dwarfed seedlings are strong against the natural environment, and they are effective in preventing the reduction of crop yield due to the lodging reduction effect. While long-axis flowers are prized as cut flowers in flower cultivation,
In the case of pots, there is a tendency that large dwarf flowers are desired. As described above, the growth and growth of plants influence the commercial value, but at present, these regulation is performed by chemical regulation of chemicals by dwarfing agents and mechanical inhibition (branch pruning), which is safer and more convenient. There are various ways.

[0004] Conventionally, it has been known from experiments using artificial light sources that the growth and growth of plants are promoted in a light environment in which far-red light is abundant. The reason for this is that the increase in far red light causes r/f
It is speculated that the r (r is a photon flux of 660 nm and fr is a photon flux of 730 nm) ratio decreases, and the ratio changes the phytochrome photoequilibrium, and the result acts as a signal on plants to promote elongation. On the contrary, it is known that the elongation is suppressed in a light environment with a lot of red light. However, there are no examples of demonstrating it using coating materials. For example, regarding a film for controlling ultraviolet rays and visible rays, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-
117738, JP-A-1-132648, JP-A-2-2
83212, JP-A-61-170322, etc., but there is no description about the influence of far-red light, the relationship with r/fr, the elongation promoting action and the like. Further, regarding the film controlling far-red light, there is no film showing a concrete effect on plants.

Murakami et al., a method for evaluating an artificial light source for plant cultivation,
As a design selection method, it was clarified that the ratio of the light in the red light region to the light in the far-red light region is important together with the photosynthetic effective light amount (PPF light emission efficiency), and the PPF light emission efficiency is high. A light source capable of adjusting the ratio of red light/far red light is desirable for plants, and red light/
When using the ratio of far-red light, the wavelength band (width) is 600
It has been shown that it is most appropriate to set it to ˜700/700 to 800 nm (R/Fr). Furthermore, a prototype of a four-wavelength emission type fluorescent lamp with high PPF emission efficiency and R/Fr in three stages was experimentally demonstrated, and the effect of controlling growth and growth was demonstrated (Murakami et al., biological environment control, Vol. 30, No. 4, Vol. 30). , 135-141
Page, 1992). However, in order to use these artificial light sources, a large amount of equipment costs and operating costs such as electric power costs are required, so that a cheaper method is currently required.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a coating material for suppressing plant growth, which can utilize natural light (sun), is inexpensive, is easy to handle, and is highly practical. is there.

[0007]

[In the formula, R is a photon flux of red light of 600 to 700 nm, and Fr is a photon flux of far red light of 700 to 800 nm]

Further, the present invention provides the coating material for suppressing plant growth, wherein the phthalocyanine compound is represented by the following general formula (1) (chemical formula 3) and the naphthalocyanine compound is represented by the general formula (2) (chemical formula 4). It is about.

[0008]

[Chemical 3] [In the formula, A ^{1 to} A ¹⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a hydroxysulfonyl group,
Aminosulfonyl group, or a carbon atom which may contain a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom or a halogen atom 1
~ 20 substituents, A ¹ , A ⁴ , A ⁵ , A ⁸ ,
At least four of A ⁹ , A ¹² , A ¹³ and A ¹⁶ are an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an alkylamino group or an arylamino group. M is a divalent metal atom, trivalent or 4
It represents a valent substituted metal atom or an oxymetal. ]

[0009]

[Chemical 4] [In the formula, B ^{1 to} B ²⁴ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a hydroxysulfonyl group,
An aminosulfonyl group, or a substituent which may contain a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom, or a halogen atom having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, B ¹ , B ⁶ , B ⁷ , B ¹² , B ¹³ , B ¹⁸ , B ¹⁸ ,
At least four of B ¹⁹ and B ²⁴ are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group. M represents a divalent metal atom, a trivalent or tetravalent substituted metal atom, or an oxymetal. ]

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The coating material for suppressing plant growth of the present invention is a coating material containing at least one phthalocyanine compound and/or naphthalocyanine compound having a maximum absorption wavelength (λ _max ) at 700 to 900 nm. ..
Plant growth suppression of the present invention described, suppressing the photosynthesis of the plant, not to grow plants with weak and nutrient deficient, plant height by suppressing the growth of plant height, stem length, internodes, side branches, etc., It refers to delayed income due to vegetative growth control. In order to suppress the growth of plants, it is necessary to control the light of a specific wavelength in the natural light that hits the plants, but in order for the plants to perform sufficient photosynthesis in the plants and grow healthy, they hit the plants. It is preferable that the photosynthetic effective photon flux density (PPFD) distributed in 400 to 700 nm is as large as possible. In order to further suppress the growth of plants, on top of that,
It is necessary to control the light of a specific wavelength that hits plants. That is, in order to efficiently use light to obtain a high plant growth inhibitory effect, PPFD by coating a plant is used.
It is necessary to develop a coating material that minimizes the amount of decrease and that maximizes the A value. For that, 700~
A wavelength-selective dye having a selective absorption at 800 nm and a small absorption in other wavelength regions (visible region of 400 to 700 nm) is required. Furthermore, for gardening, etc.
When used outdoors, the coating material is required to have practical weather resistance. The light of the present invention refers to natural light or artificial light sources such as low-pressure sodium lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, three-wavelength band emission fluorescent lamps, metal halide lamps, daylight fluorescent lamps, and mercury lamps. That is, although the present invention is advantageous in terms of cost in that it uses natural light, it can be naturally applied to the case where an artificial light source is used.

In order to obtain a sufficient effect as a plant growth control coating material, the PPF transmittance when light is transmitted through the material is at least 50% or more (the PPFD of light falling on the plant through the coating material is reduced. Rate is less than 50%)
And the A value must be 1.3 or more.
When the PPF transmittance is 50% or less, the photosynthesis of the plant is insufficient, and the plant grows into a weak and undernourished plant.
If the value is 1.3 or less, the plant growth inhibitory effect tends not to be seen. In order to obtain a higher effect, the PPF transmittance is 65% or more, and the A value is 1.3 or more and 3.0 or less. The PPF transmittance and the A value of the present invention are calculated based on the standard light source D65.

In the phthalocyanine compound represented by the above formula (1) or the naphthalocyanine compound represented by the above formula (2), the substituents represented by A ^{1 to} A ¹⁶ and B ^{1 to} B ²⁴ and M are represented. Specific examples of the metals to be used are described below.
The substituents A ^{1 to} A ¹⁶ and B ^{1 to} B ²⁴ are not particularly limited as long as the intended absorption can be obtained. In the case of phthalocyanine, particularly preferred substituents are α-positions (A ¹ , A ⁴ , A ⁵ , A ⁸ , A ⁹ , A ¹² , A ¹³ , A ¹⁶ ).
At least four of which are methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-
Propyloxy group, iso-propyloxy group, n-butyloxy group, iso-butyloxy group, sec-butyloxy group, t-butyloxy group, n-pentyloxy group, n-hexyloxy group, cyclohexyloxy group,
n-heptyloxy group, n-octyloxy group, 2-ethylhexyloxy group, methoxyethoxy group, phenoxyethoxy group, hydroxyethoxy group, benzyloxy group, p-chlorobenzyloxy group, p-methoxybenzyloxy group, phenoxy group , An alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a p-methoxyphenoxy group, a pt-butylphenoxy group, a p-chlorophenoxy group, an o-aminophenoxy group, a p-diethylaminophenoxy group or an aryloxy group,

Methylthio group, ethylthio group, n-propylthio group, iso-propylthio group, n-butylthio group, iso-butylthio group, sec-butylthio group, t
-Butylthio group, n-pentylthio group, n-hexylthio group, cyclohexylthio group, n-heptylthio group, n
-Octylthio group, 2-ethylhexylthio group, benzylthio group, p-chlorobenzylthio group, p-methoxybenzylthio group, phenylthio group, p-methoxyphenylthio group, pt-butylphenylthio group, p-chlorophenylthio group Group, o-aminophenylthio group, p-diethylaminophenylthio group, naphthylthio group, etc., having 1 carbon atom
20 alkylthio groups or arylthio groups,

Methylamino group, ethylamino group, n-propylamino group, n-butylamino group, sec-butylamino group, n-pentylamino group, n-hexylamino group, n-heptylamino group, n-octyl group Amino group, 2
-Ethylhexylamino group, dimethylamino group, diethylamino group, di-n-propylamino group, di-n-butylamino group, di-sec-butylamino group, di-n-pentylamino group, di-n-hexylamino group Group, di-n-
Heptylamino group, di-n-octylamino group, phenylamino group, p-methylphenylamino group, pt-butylphenylamino group, diphenylamino group, di-p-
An electron-donating substituent such as an alkylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a methylphenylamino group or a di-pt-butylphenylamino group or an arylamino group.

In the case of naphthalocyanine, the α-position (B
^{1, B 6, B 7,} B 12, B 13, B 18, B 19, B 24) at least four of the hydrogen atoms of the fluorine atom, a chlorine atom,
Halogen atom such as bromine atom, iodine atom, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group , N-hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, methoxymethyl group, phenoxymethyl group, diethylaminomethyl group, phenylthiomethyl group, benzyl group, p-chlorobenzyl group, 1 to 1 carbon atoms such as p-methoxybenzyl group, phenyl group, p-methoxyphenyl group, pt-butylphenyl group and p-chlorophenyl group
20 alkyl or aryl groups.

Further, substituents (A ² , A ³ , A ⁶⁾ other than the α-position of phthalocyanine or naphthalocyanine,
A ⁷ , A ¹⁰ , A ¹¹ , A ¹⁴ , A ¹⁵ , B ² , B ³ , B ⁴ , B
^{5, B 8, B 9,} B 10, B 11, B 14, B 15, B 16,
B ¹⁷ , B ²⁰ , B ²¹ , B ²² , and B ²³ are absorption wavelengths (A
Since it does not significantly affect the change of the value), it can be freely selected according to the resin and solvent to be used, but particularly preferred are hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxyl group, amino group, hydroxysulfonyl group, aminosulfonyl group, Alternatively, it is a substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom or a halogen atom. The above halogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group, alkoxy group,
Aryloxy group, alkylthio group, arylthio group,
Other than the alkylamino group or the arylamino group,
Methylcarbonyloxy group, ethylcarbonyloxy group, n-propylcarbonyloxy group, iso-propylcarbonyloxy group, n-butylcarbonyloxy group, iso-butylcarbonyloxy group, sec-butylcarbonyloxy group, t-butylcarbonyloxy group Group, n-pentylcarbonyloxy group, n-hexylcarbonyloxy group, cyclohexylcarbonyloxy group, n-heptylcarbonyloxy group, 3-heptylcarbonyloxy group, n-octylcarbonyloxy group,
Benzoyloxy group, p-chlorobenzoyloxy group,
p-methoxybenzoyloxy group, p-methoxybenzoyloxy group, pt-butylbenzoyloxy group,
Alkylcarbonyloxy groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as p-chlorobenzoyloxy group, p-trifluoromethylbenzoyloxy group, m-trifluoromethylbenzoyloxy group, o-aminobenzoyloxy group, p-diethylaminobenzoyloxy group Or an arylcarbonyloxy group,

Acetylamino group, ethylcarbonylamino group, n-propylcarbonylamino group, iso-propylcarbonylamino group, n-butylcarbonylamino group, iso-butylcarbonylamino group, sec-butylcarbonylamino group, t-butyl Carbonylamino group, n-pentylcarbonylamino group, n-hexylcarbonylamino group, cyclohexylcarbonylamino group, n-heptylcarbonylamino group, 3-heptylcarbonylamino group, n-octylcarbonylamino group,
Benzoylamino group, p-chlorobenzoylamino group,
p-methoxybenzoylamino group, p-methoxybenzoylamino group, pt-butylbenzoylamino group, p
An alkylcarbonylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a -chlorobenzoylamino group, a p-trifluoromethylbenzoylamino group, an m-trifluoromethylbenzoylamino group or an arylcarbonylamino group,

Hydroxycarbonyl group, methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, n-propyloxycarbonyl group, iso-propyloxycarbonyl group, n
-Butyloxycarbonyl group, iso-butyloxycarbonyl group, sec-butyloxycarbonyl group, t-
Butyloxycarbonyl group, n-pentyloxycarbonyl group, n-hexyloxycarbonyl group, cyclohexyloxycarbonyl group, n-heptyloxycarbonyl group, n-octyloxycarbonyl group, 2-ethylhexyloxycarbonyl group, methoxyethoxycarbonyl group, Phenoxyethoxycarbonyl group, hydroxyethoxycarbonyl group, benzyloxycarbonyl group, phenoxycarbonyl group, p-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl group, pt-butylphenoxycarbonyl group, p-
A chlorophenoxycarbonyl group, an o-aminophenoxycarbonyl group, a p-diethylaminophenoxycarbonyl group or another alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryloxycarbonyl group,

Aminocarbonyl group, methylaminocarbonyl group, ethylaminocarbonyl group, n-propylaminocarbonyl group, n-butylaminocarbonyl group, n-
Pentylaminocarbonyl group, n-hexylaminocarbonyl group, n-heptylaminocarbonyl group, n-octylaminocarbonyl group, dimethylaminocarbonyl group, diethylaminocarbonyl group, di-n-propylaminocarbonyl group, di-n-butylamino Carbonyl group, di-n-pentylaminocarbonyl group, di-n-hexylaminocarbonyl group, di-n-heptylaminocarbonyl group, di-n-octylaminocarbonyl group, phenylaminocarbonyl group, p-methylphenylaminocarbonyl group Group, pt-butylphenylaminocarbonyl group, diphenylaminocarbonyl group, di-p-methylphenylaminocarbonyl group, di-pt-butylphenylaminocarbonyl group, and other alkylaminocarbonyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms Or an arylaminocarbonyl group,

Methylaminosulfonyl group, ethylaminosulfonyl group, n-propylaminosulfonyl group, n-
Butylaminosulfonyl group, sec-butylaminosulfonyl group, n-pentylaminosulfonyl group, n-hexylaminosulfonyl group, n-heptylaminosulfonyl group, n-octylaminosulfonyl group, 2-ethylhexylaminosulfonyl group, dimethylaminosulfonyl group Group, diethylaminosulfonyl group, di-n-propylaminosulfonyl group, di-n-butylaminosulfonyl group, di-sec-butylaminosulfonyl group, di-n-
Pentylaminosulfonyl group, di-n-hexylaminosulfonyl group, di-n-heptylaminosulfonyl group,
Di-n-octylaminosulfonyl group, phenylaminosulfonyl group, p-methylphenylaminosulfonyl group, pt-butylphenylaminosulfonyl group, diphenylaminosulfonyl group, di-p-methylphenylaminosulfonyl group, di-p Examples thereof include an alkylaminosulfonyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a -t-butylphenylaminosulfonyl group or an arylaminosulfonyl group. In addition, two adjacent substituents are bonded to each other through a carbon atom or a hetero atom such as a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom.
You may form a member ring, a 6-membered ring, and a 7-membered ring.

An example of a divalent metal represented by M is C
u(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni
(II), Ru(II), Rh(II), Pd(II), Pt
(II), Mn(II), Mg(II), Ti(II), Be
(II), Ca(II), Ba(II), 1d(II), Hg
(II), Pb(II), Sn(II) and the like. 1
Examples of the substituted trivalent metal include Al-Cl and Al-B.
r, Al-F, Al-I, Ga-Cl, Ga-F, Ga
-I, Ga-Br, In-Cl, In-Br, In-
I, In-F, Tl-Cl, Tl-Br, Tl-I, T
_{l-F, Al-C 6} H 5, Al-C 6 H 4 (CH 3),
_{In-C 6 H 5, In} -C 6 H 4 (CH 3), In-C
₆ H ₅ , Mn(OH), Mn(OC ₆ H ₅ ), Mn[O
Si (CH _{3) 3],} Fe-Cl, include Ru-Cl, etc..

An example of a disubstituted tetravalent metal is CrCl.
₂ , SiCl ₂ , SiBr ₂ , SiF ₂ , SiI ₂ , Z
rCl ₂ , GeCl ₂ , GeBr ₂ , GeI ₂ , GeF
₂ , SnCl ₂ , SnBr ₂ , SnF ₂ , TiCl ₂ ,
TiBr ₂ , TiF ₂ , Si(OH) ₂ , Ge(OH)
₂ , Zr(OH) ₂ , Mn(OH) ₂ , Sn(O
H) ₂ , TiR ₂ , CrR ₂ , SiR ₂ , SnR ₂ , G
eR ₂ [R represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and derivatives thereof], Si(OR′) ₂ , Sn(O
R') ₂ , Ge(OR') ₂ , Ti(OR') ₂ , Cr
(OR′) ₂ [R′ represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, a dialkylalkoxysilyl group and derivatives thereof], Sn(SR″) ₂ ,
Ge(SR″) ₂ (R″ represents an alkyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a derivative thereof), etc. Examples of the oxy metal include VO, MnO, and TiO 2.

Preferred phthalocyanine compounds are:
A¹, A^Four, A^Five, A⁸, A⁹, A ¹², A¹³, A¹⁶All of
Is a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group described above.
More preferably, the central metal M is Cu, Pd, AlC.
In the case of 1, TiO, or VO. Availability etc.
If you consider², A³, A⁶, A⁷, A^Ten,
A¹¹, A¹⁴, A¹⁵Is hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkoxy
Si group, aryloxy group, alkylthio group or aryl
It is preferably a ruthio group. Also the preferred naphtha
B as a cyanine compound¹, B⁶, B⁷, B¹²,
B ¹³, B¹⁸, B¹⁹, B^{twenty four}Are all hydrogen atoms, and
Preferably, the central metal M is Cu, Pd, AlCl, Ti
This is the case of O or VO. Considering availability etc.
Then, further B², B³, B^Four, B^Five, B⁸, B⁹, B
^Ten, B¹¹, B¹⁴, B ¹⁵, B¹⁶, B¹⁷, B²⁰, B^{twenty one},
B^{twenty two}, B^{twenty three}Is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group,
Reel group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, alkyl
It is preferably a thio group or an arylthio group.

The coating material of the present invention is produced in the form of a resin plate, a film, glass or the like, and is processed if necessary. The coating of the present invention means to cover the entire surface of the plant body, the growth of which is suppressed by the coating material, or at least one surface from which light is incident, whereby the wavelength of light hitting the plant is controlled. The method for producing the plant growth suppressing coating material using the phthalocyanine compound and/or the naphthalocyanine compound is not particularly limited, but for example, the following three methods can be used. (1) A method in which a phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalocyanine compound is kneaded with a resin and heat-molded to produce a resin plate or a film, (2) a coating containing the phthalocyanine compound and/or the naphthalocyanine compound is produced, and the resin is transparent. Method of coating on resin plate, transparent film, or transparent glass plate, (3) Method of producing laminated resin plate, laminated resin film, laminated glass, etc. by incorporating phthalocyanine compound and/or naphthalocyanine compound in the adhesive ,.

In the method (1) of kneading a resin with a phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalocyanine compound and heat-molding, the resin material is preferably as transparent as possible when formed into a resin plate or a resin film, Specific examples include polyethylene, polystyrene, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid ester, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride and other vinyl compounds and addition polymers of vinyl compounds, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid ester. , Polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene cyanide, vinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer (EV
A), vinyl compounds such as vinylidene cyanide/vinyl acetate copolymers or copolymers of fluorine compounds, compounds containing fluorine such as polytrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyhexafluoropropylene, nylon 6, nylon Examples thereof include polyamides such as 66, polyimides, polyurethanes, polypeptides, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonates, polyethers such as polyoxymethylene, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, epoxy resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral and the like.
Although not limited to these resins, particularly preferable resins include general-purpose hard resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and polymethylmethacrylate, or polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, and vinyl acetate/ethylene. Copolymer (EV
It is a soft resin for agriculture such as A).

As a manufacturing method, the processing temperature, film forming conditions and the like are slightly different depending on the base resin used, but usually, a phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalocyanine compound is added to the powder or pellets of the base resin,
After heating and melting at 150 to 350° C., it is molded to form a resin plate, or is formed into a film by an extruder, or an original fabric is prepared by an extruder, and 30 to
10 to 2 to 5 times uniaxially or biaxially stretched at 120°C
It is obtained by a method of forming a film having a thickness of ˜200 μm. Alternatively, a melt casting method, a calendar method, or the like can be used. At the time of kneading, additives such as an ultraviolet absorber and a plasticizer used for ordinary resin molding may be added. The addition amount of the phthalocyanine compound and/or the naphthalocyanine compound varies depending on the thickness of the resin to be produced, the desired absorption strength, the desired PPF transmittance, etc., but is usually 1 ppm to 1
%.

As the method (2) of forming into a paint and coating, a method of dissolving the phthalocyanine compound and/or naphthalocyanine compound of the present invention in a binder resin and an organic solvent to form a paint, and a method of forming a phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalene compound There is a method in which a phthalocyanine compound is atomized to a particle size of several μm or less and dispersed in an acrylic emulsion to prepare an aqueous paint. In the former method, usually, an aliphatic ester resin, an acrylic resin, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an aromatic ester resin, a polycarbonate resin, an aliphatic polyolefin resin, an aromatic polyolefin resin,
A polyvinyl resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl modified resin (PVB, EVA, etc.) or a copolymer resin thereof is used as a binder. As the solvent, a halogen-based solvent, an alcohol-based solvent, a ketone-based solvent, an ester-based solvent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvent, an aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvent, an ether-based solvent, a mixture thereof, or the like is used.

The concentration of the phthalocyanine compound and/or the naphthalocyanine compound varies depending on the thickness of the coating, the desired absorption strength, the desired PPF transmittance, etc., but is usually 0.1 to 30% with respect to the weight of the binder resin. Is. Further, the binder resin concentration is usually 1 to 50% with respect to the entire coating material. Similarly, in the case of an acrylic emulsion-based water-based paint, it can be obtained by dispersing a phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalocyanine compound finely ground (50 to 500 nm) in an uncolored acrylic emulsion paint. Additives such as ultraviolet absorbers and antioxidants used in ordinary paints may be added to the paint. The coating material produced by the above method is a transparent resin film,
A transparent resin, transparent glass or the like is coated with a bar coater, a blade coater, a spin coater, a reverse coater, a die coater, a spray or the like to prepare a coating material for suppressing plant growth. A protective layer may be provided to protect the coated surface, or a transparent resin plate or transparent resin film may be attached to the coated surface. Cast films are also included in the method.

A laminated resin plate containing a phthalocyanine compound and/or a naphthalocyanine compound in an adhesive,
Produce laminated resin film, laminated glass, etc. (3)
In the above method, as an adhesive, a polyvinyl butyral adhesive (PVB), an ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive (EVA) or the like for general silicone-based, urethane-based, acrylic-based resin or laminated glass is used. Known transparent adhesives for laminated glass can be used. 0.1 to 3 phthalocyanine compound and/or naphthalocyanine compound
Adhesives added with 0% are used to bond resin plates to each other, resin plates to resin film, resin plates to glass, resin films to each other, resin films to glass, and glass to each other to prepare a plant growth suppressing coating material. There is also a method of thermocompression bonding.

Plants covered with the coating material of the present invention include:
Although not particularly limited, for example, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, Legumes, Rosaceae, Brassicaceae, Asteraceae, Seriaceae, Acanthaceae, Gramineae, Malvaceae, Araliaceae, Lamiaceae, Gingeraceae, Water lily family or taro family vegetables, Asteraceae, Rose family, Araceae family, Dianthus family, Brassicaceae family, Pinus family, Gentianaceae, Sesameaceae family, Legume family, Button family,
Iridaceae, Solanaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Araceae, Orchidaceae, Agaveaceae, Cornaceae, Rubiaceae, Salixaceae, Azalea, Oleaceae, Magnoliaceae, Primrose Family, Psychodaceae, Lamiaceae, Fernaceae, Crassulaceae , Buttercup family, lichen tobacco family, cactus family,
Cut flowers or potted plants of ferns, Araliaceae, Moraceae, Commelinae, Pineapple, Cercisaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Pepperaceae, Acanthaceae, Yukinoshita, Acabbanaceae, Mallow, Aphidaceae, Camellia, or Ocylovanaceae It is a flowering plant of Orchidaceae, Rosaceae, Vineaceae, Moraceae, Persimmonaceae, Azalea, Akebiaceae, Matathabiaceae, Passifloraceae, Rutaceae, Sumacaceae, Pineapple or Aphidaceae. Among these, concrete plants that are more effective are sunflower, cucumber, lettuce, cabbage, sesame, pepper, eggplant, komatsuna, honeywort, spinach, pumpkin, watermelon, melon, green beans, broccoli, strawberries, mandarin oranges, pears. , Grape, chrysanthemum, onion, tomato, goldfish grass, carnation, gypsophila, rose, stock, eustoma, orchid, cyclamen, impatiens, marigold, salvia, limonium, delphinium, luxpar, blue lace, white lace, lily, Freesia, iris, primrose, begonia, shungiku, butterbur, leek,
Leek, asparagus, celery, Japanese radish, peas, loquat and the like can be mentioned.

The method of applying the coating material of the present invention to a horticultural facility is not particularly limited as long as the coating material can cover the entire periphery of the plant or at least one surface on which light is incident. Although not intended, for example, using a resin plate or glass having a plant growth control function produced by the above method, a method for producing a glass chamber, a plastic chamber, a resin film pipe pipe, vinyl house outer covering and / or There are a method for lining, a method for tunnel house, a method for mulching film, and the like. Further, in the case of fruit trees, it is possible to cover not only the whole fruit tree but also each branch. For home gardening, a method according to the method used in a gardening facility, a method of forming a small box from a resin plate and covering it with a flowerpot, etc. can be appropriately used. When a growth test of various seedlings was performed using the coating material of the present invention, a tough seedling that was significantly dwarfed as compared with the case of natural light was obtained.

[0032]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Example 1 Phthalocyanine dye 4.2 represented by the formula (3)
Parts and 100,000 parts of polymethylmethacrylate 2
It was melt-kneaded at 80° C., and an extrusion molding machine was used to obtain a colored resin plate having a thickness of 2.5 mm and a width of 1 m. When the photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance and the A value of this resin plate were measured by a Shimadzu spectrophotometer (UV-3100), the photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance was 76.3%.
And the A value was 2.19. Using this resin plate,
A growth cabinet having a height of 650 mm, a width of 1750 mm and a depth of 850 mm was produced. In the following cultivation, the growth cabinet was placed outdoors and a ventilation fan was used to ventilate the air at 15.2 m ³ /min so that the outside temperature was the same. In this growth cabinet, 7 samples of sunflower seedlings having a height of about 8 cm were placed and cultivated for 10 days. As a result, the plant height was 10.8±0.8 cm and the stem length was 8.1±0.4 cm on average. First internode length is 5.4±0.4
cm of dwarfed tough plant was obtained.

[0033]

[Chemical 5] For comparison, at the same time, a resin plate containing no dye was covered with a gauze cloth to obtain a photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of 76.
Cultivation was carried out under exactly the same conditions except that the plant with 0% (A value 1.04) was used, and the plant height was 17.
The length was 5±0.7 cm, the stem length was 14.3±0.8 cm, and the first internode length was 10.5±0.6 cm. From this,
It was confirmed that the growth suppressing effect when the above coating material having an A value of 2.19 was about 0.6 times as high as that of the comparative resin plate having substantially the same PPF transmittance. Also,
This resin plate was irradiated with a carbon arc lamp for 300 hours at a temperature of 63° C. to perform a light resistance test.
The transmittance was 77.3%, and the A value was 2.09, which was less than that before the light resistance test.

Example 2 A colored resin plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4.0 parts of the dye represented by the formula (4) (Chemical Formula 6) was used in place of the dye of Example 1. Photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance is 7
The value was 6.2% and the A value was 1.99. Moreover, when the sunflower was cultivated using this resin board in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, the plant height was 11.1±0.7 on average.
cm, stem length 8.8±0.4 cm, first internode length 5.4
It became a sturdy plant by dwarfing ±0.4 cm. From this, it was confirmed that the growth suppressing effect when the above coating material having an A value of 1.99 was about 0.6 times as large as that of the comparative resin plate of Example 1.

[0035]

[Chemical 6]

Example 3 2.0 parts of the dye represented by the formula (5) (formula 7) was dissolved in 1000 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin at 180° C., and the film was prepared by a film-making machine with a width of 3 m and a thickness of 0. A colored film of 0.2 mm was prepared. Continuously, the film is 3 mm
It was sandwiched with thick float glass and treated at 140° C. and 13 atm for 20 minutes to prepare a laminated glass. The photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of this laminated glass is 78.
It was 9% and A value was 1.60. Using this, a growth cabinet having a height of 650 mm, a width of 650 mm and a depth of 650 mm was produced. In the same manner as in Example 1,
When sunflowers (3 samples) were cultivated, the plant height was 13.2 ± 0.4 cm and the stem length was 9.6 ± on average.
The length was 0.3 cm and the first internode length was 6.4±0.2 cm.

[0037]

[Chemical 7] For comparison, a film containing no pigment is covered with a gauze cloth, and the photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance is 78.8%.
(A value was 1.05), the plant height was 17.1±0.7 c on average when cultivated under exactly the same conditions.
m, stem length 13.5±0.4 cm, first internode length 10.
It became a sturdy plant by dwarfing 2 ± 0.6 cm. From this, it was confirmed that the growth suppressing effect using the above coating material having an A value of 1.60 was 0.8 times that of the comparative resin plate of Example 1.

Example 4 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride (Nippon Vinyl 4000M3), 45 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 5 parts of tricresyl phosphate, bisphenol A type epoxy resin 2
Parts, 0.5 parts of zinc stearate, 0.5 parts of barium stearate, 2 parts of a surfactant (sorbitan ester, MTN-A-403 manufactured by Marubishi Yuka), and the following formula (6) Add 0.1 part of the phthalocyanine represented, stir and mix at 110° C. for 5 minutes with a high speed mixer,
The mixture was kneaded for 5 minutes on a roll heated to 0° C., and a calender molding machine was used to form a soft film having a thickness of 0.10 mm. The photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of this resin film was 76.0%, and the A value was 1.49. Using this resin film, height 650mm, width 1750m
A growth cabinet of m and a depth of 850 mm was produced. When sunflowers were cultivated using this growth cabinet in the same manner as in Example 1, the plant height was 13.2±0.5 cm and the stem length was 9.8±0.4 c on average.
m, the first internode length was 6.7 ± 0.3 cm and was dwarfed to be a sturdy plant. From this, it was confirmed that the growth suppressing effect using the above coating material having an A value of 1.49 was 0.8 times that in the case of the comparative resin plate of Example 1.

[0039]

[Chemical 8]

Example 5 A liquid prepared by mixing Uban SE-60 manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. and Almatex 748-5M manufactured by the same in a ratio of 3:7, and a dye represented by the following formula (7) Toluene dissolved in 1% was mixed at a ratio of 2:1 and coated on a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 75 μm.
It was dried at 30° C. for 15 minutes. The photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of this film was 76.2%, and the A value was 1.50. When sunflowers were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, the plant height was 13.9±0.
The dwarfed plant was 4 cm, the stem length was 10.0±0.5 cm, and the first internode length was 6.4±0.3 cm.
From this, it was confirmed that the growth suppressing effect using the coating material having an A value of 1.50 was 0.8 times that of the comparative resin plate of Example 1.

[0041]

[Chemical 9]

Example 6 4.0 parts of the naphthalocyanine dye represented by the formula (8) (Chemical formula 10) and 1000 parts of polyethylene terephthalate were melted at 300° C. and a film having a thickness of 100 μm was formed by using an extrusion molding machine. Obtained. This film was biaxially stretched to obtain a colored resin film having a thickness of 25 μm. The photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of this resin film is 7
It was 7.3% and the A value was 2.00. When sunflower was cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, on average,
Plant height is 11.9±0.6 cm, stem length is 9.5±0.5
cm, and the first internode length was 5.8±0.4 cm, which was dwarfed to be a sturdy plant. From this, it was confirmed that the growth suppressing effect using the above coating material having an A value of 2.00 was 0.7 times that of the comparative resin plate of Example 1.

[0043]

[Chemical 10]

Example 7 A naphthalocyanine dye represented by the formula (9) (formula 11) was atomized to a particle size of 0.2 μm or less to prepare an acrylic emulsion paint containing 1% by weight of this naphthalocyanine. This paint was coated on an agricultural vinyl chloride film to obtain a colored resin film. The photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of this resin film was 70.3%, and the A value was 1.70. In the same manner as in Example 1,
When sunflower was cultivated, the plant height was 12.0 ±
It was 0.7 cm, the stem length was 9.7±0.5 cm, and the first internode length was 5.9±0.3 cm, dwarfing and becoming a sturdy plant.

[0045]

[Chemical 11]

Example 8 7 samples of cucumber seedlings having a height of about 6 cm were placed in the colored resin plate growth cabinet used in Example 1 for 9 minutes.
As a result of daily cultivation, plant height was 12.4±1.0 cm, stem length was 6.5±0.5 cm, and first internode length was 1.5±0.5.
It was cm. For comparison, at the same time, when a resin plate containing no pigment was used and cultivated under the same conditions except that the plant height was 22.2±1.4 cm and the stem length was 11.8 on average.
It was ±1.2 cm and the first internode length was 2.8 ±0.2 cm. From this, it was confirmed that the cucumber growth inhibitory effect when using the coating material having an A value of 2.19 was about 0.6 times that in the case of the resin plate containing no dye.

Comparative Example 1 Photosynthetic effective photon flux (PP) was applied to a growth cabinet made of a resin plate containing no dye used in Example 1 by placing a gauze cloth on it.
F) Cultivation was carried out under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1, using the one having a transmittance of 20.0% (A value is 1.05),
It became an immature plant with little chlorophyll.

Example 9 Example 4 was repeated except that 0.15 parts of naphthalocyanine represented by the following formula (10) (formula 12) was used in place of the phthalocyanine of formula (6). Similarly, a soft film having a thickness of 0.1 mm was produced. The photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) of this resin film is 78.0%.
And the A value was 1.51. When cucumber was cultivated in the same manner as in Example 8, on average, the plant height was 16.4±1.1 cm, the stem length was 8.9±0.6 cm, and the first
It became a sturdy plant with a dwarf with an internode length of 1.9±0.6 cm. From this, it was confirmed that the cucumber growth inhibitory effect when the above coating material having an A value of 1.51 was 0.7 times that of the comparative resin plate of Example 8.

[0049]

[Chemical formula 12]

Example 10 200 parts of 1.5 parts of the naphthalocyanine dye of Example 7 and 1000 parts of polyethylene (V5993 manufactured by Mitsui DuPont) are used.
Pelletized using a twin screw extruder at
Further, it was melt extruded at 200° C. with a single screw extruder equipped with a T die to obtain a film having a thickness of 100 μm. The photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of this film was 75.2%, and the A value was 1.53. When sunflowers were cultivated in exactly the same manner as in Example 4, the plant height was 13.2±0.6 cm, the stem length was 9.6±0.3 cm, and the first internode was 6.6 on average. It became a sturdy plant by dwarfing ±0.4 cm. From this, the effect of suppressing the growth of sunflower using the above coating material having an A value of 1.53 is 0.8 compared with the case of the comparative resin plate of Example 1.
It was confirmed to be double.

Examples 11 to 19 and Comparative Examples 3 to 3 Coating films were prepared in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the dyes shown in Table 1 (Tables 1 and 2) were used instead of the dyes. Was produced. Sunflowers were cultivated using these films in the same manner as in Example 5, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0052]

[Table 1]

[0053]

[Table 2]

[0054]

In recent years, from the viewpoint of rationalization of agriculture, the number of healthy seedlings, rather than seeds, has been increasing. In the production of seedlings, the present invention is extremely important and valuable in controlling the growth of seedling production plants, because controlling the growth of seedlings appropriately increases the commercial value. In Japan, there are many greenhouses (generally vinyl greenhouses), and for the purpose of controlling plant elongation,
The resin film of the present invention is an excellent material that is inexpensive and hassle-free. In particular, if the polymer coating material of the present invention can be movably superposed and set on a conventional greenhouse, it is very possible to control the growth degree to match the purpose when the growth is too fast. It's easy. Leafy vegetables,
The present invention is extremely valuable from the viewpoint of high quality and labor saving in institutional cultivation of fruit vegetables, root vegetables, various ornamental plants and fruit trees.

Front page continuation (72) Keisuke Soma Inventor Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd. 1190 Kasama-cho, Sakae-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A maximum absorption wavelength (λ) at 700 to 900 nm.
containing at least one phthalocyanine compound and/or naphthalocyanine compound having a _max. ) of 5 or more and having a photosynthetic effective photon flux (PPF) transmittance of 5 when transmitting light.
A coating material for suppressing plant growth, which is 0% or more and has an A value represented by the following formula of 1.3 or more. A=R/Fr [In the formula, R is a photon flux of red light of 600 to 700 nm, and Fr is a photon flux of far red light of 700 to 800 nm] 2. The plant growth suppressing agent according to claim 1, wherein the phthalocyanine compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (1) (formula 1) and the naphthalocyanine compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (2) (formula 2). Coating material. [Chemical 1] [In the formula, A ^{1 to} A ¹⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a hydroxysulfonyl group,
Aminosulfonyl group, or a carbon atom which may contain a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom or a halogen atom 1
~ 20 substituents, A ¹ , A ⁴ , A ⁵ , A ⁸ ,
At least four of A ⁹ , A ¹² , A ¹³ and A ¹⁶ are an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an alkylamino group or an arylamino group. M is a divalent metal atom, trivalent or 4
It represents a valent substituted metal atom or an oxymetal. ] [Chemical 2] [In the formula, B ^{1 to} B ²⁴ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a hydroxysulfonyl group,
Aminosulfonyl group or 1 to 2 carbon atoms which may contain a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, an oxygen atom or a halogen atom.
Represents a substituent of 0 and represents B ¹ , B ⁶ , B ⁷ , B ¹² , B ¹³ , B
^At least four of ¹⁸ , B ¹⁹ and B ²⁴ are hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, alkyl groups or aryl groups. M is 2
It represents a valent metal atom, a trivalent or tetravalent substituted metal atom, or an oxymetal. ] 3. In the general formula (1), A ¹ , A ⁴ ,
The coating material for suppressing plant growth according to claim 2, wherein all of A ⁵ , A ⁸ , A ⁹ , A ¹² , A ¹³ , and A ¹⁶ are substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy groups. 4. In the general formula (2), B ¹ , B ⁶ ,
The coating material for suppressing plant growth according to claim 2, wherein all of B ⁷ , B ¹² , B ¹³ , B ¹⁸ , B ¹⁹ , and B ²⁴ are hydrogen atoms. 5. The plant growth suppressing coating material according to claim 2, wherein M is Cu, Pd, AlCl, TiO, or VO. 6. A PPF transmittance of 65% or more, and A
The coating material for suppressing plant growth according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has a value of 1.3 or more.