JPH0830273A - Tempo setting device for electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the tempo setting device of an electronic musical instrument capable of changing a present tempo to a desired tempo by a few operation in the tempo setting device of an electronic musical instrument being applied to an electronic musical instrument having an automatic playing function and which sets the tempo of an automatic playing. CONSTITUTION:In the electronic musical instrument having the automatic playing function for generating an automatic playing sound, this instrument is provided with a tempo change instructing means 142 instructing the tempo change of the automatic playing sound, a tempo changing means changing the present tempo according to the instruction of the tempo change instructing means 142 to make it a new present tempo, a tempo storage instructing means 144 instructing that the present tempo is to be stored, a storage means storing the present tempo according to the instruction of the tempo storage instructing means 144, a tempo call instructing means 143 instructing the calling of a tempo stored in the storage means and a control means calling the tempo stored in the storage means according to the instruction of the tempo call instructing means 143 to make it the present tempo.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tempo setting device for an electronic musical instrument which is applied to an electronic musical instrument having an automatic musical performance function and which sets the tempo of the automatic musical performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electronic musical instrument with an automatic performance function has been developed and put into practical use. Such an electronic musical instrument has a plurality of automatic performance data corresponding to a plurality of rhythms, for example, to enable an automatic performance with a plurality of rhythms. Then, when the operator selects a rhythm and gives an instruction to start the automatic performance, the automatic performance with the selected rhythm is started. This allows the performer to play a melody with automatic accompaniment with a desired rhythm as a background.

The tempo when an electronic musical instrument with the conventional automatic musical performance function as described above is used to perform an automatic musical performance is uniquely determined by the selected rhythm. The initial tempo of each rhythm is called a preset tempo. The preset tempo of each rhythm is determined by setting the preset tempo data included in the automatic performance data in the tempo controller when the rhythm is selected. Usually, as the preset tempo, the optimum tempo for the rhythm is used.

However, there are cases in which it is desired to change the preset tempo depending on the player's sense of the rhythm, the mood during the performance, and the like. In order to meet such demands, after the performer selects a rhythm and starts the automatic performance, the tempo switch provided on the operation panel can be operated to change the tempo to the player's favorite tempo, for example. There is.

[0005]

By the way, the request to change the tempo is not limited to the above case, but also occurs when a beginner uses the automatic accompaniment function to practice a predetermined piece of music. The preset tempo is often felt too fast for beginners. In such a case, the beginner has performed the operation of operating the tempo switch every time a rhythm is selected to drop the tempo, and then starts practicing a predetermined piece of music.

The conventional tempo switch is, for example, up / down.
It is composed of a down switch, and the tempo increases by one tempo each time the up switch is pressed, and the tempo decreases by one tempo each time the down switch is pressed. Therefore, when it is desired to reduce the current tempo to half, for example, to reduce the tempo 120 to tempo 60, it is necessary to press the down switch 60 times, which is very troublesome and takes time. . Moreover, if the rhythm selection switch is operated in an attempt to restart the practice from the beginning of the song, the tempo will also return to the preset tempo, and it is necessary to reduce the tempo each time, and there is a problem in that it cannot be bothered.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tempo setting device for an electronic musical instrument, which can change the current tempo to a desired tempo with a small number of operations.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function for generating an automatic performance sound, wherein the tempo of the automatic performance sound is changed. Tempo change instruction means for instructing
Tempo changing means for changing the current tempo to a new current tempo according to the instruction of the tempo changing instruction means, tempo storage instructing means for instructing to store the current tempo, and the tempo storing instruction Storage means for storing the current tempo according to the instruction of the means, tempo call instructing means for instructing to call the tempo stored in the storage means,
Control means for calling the tempo stored in the storage means and setting it as the current tempo in response to an instruction from the tempo call instructing means.

For the same purpose, the invention according to claim 2 is an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function for generating an automatic performance sound, and a tempo change instruction means for instructing a tempo change of the automatic performance sound. A tempo changing means for changing the current tempo to a new current tempo according to the instruction of the tempo changing instruction means, a storage means for storing a plurality of tempos, and a current tempo to be stored. A tempo storage instructing means for instructing, and a first tempo for sequentially storing the current tempo in the storage means in response to an instruction from the tempo storage instructing means
Control means, a tempo call instructing means for instructing to call out the tempo stored in the storage means, and a tempo stored in the storage means is sequentially called in response to an instruction from the tempo call instructing means. The second control means for setting the tempo is provided.

[0010]

In the tempo setting device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, the current tempo changed according to the instruction of the tempo change instruction means is stored in the storage means according to the instruction of the tempo storage instruction means. The tempo stored in the storage means is called in accordance with the instruction of the tempo call instructing means and set as a new current tempo.

Thus, for example, if the tempo storage instruction means is used to store the tempo set at that point in the storage means after the player sets the tempo to a desired tempo, the tempo call instruction means gives an instruction next time. Just by doing, you can return to the previously set tempo. For example, when a beginner uses the automatic accompaniment function to practice a song, the tempo change instruction means is used to reduce the tempo of the automatic performance to a desired tempo, and in this state, the tempo storage instruction means is used to change the tempo at that point. If the automatic performance is selected again, the tempo of the automatic performance will be the preset tempo, but if the tempo recall instruction means is operated, the tempo can be set in advance with one touch. The tempo can be restored. Therefore, the tempo setting operation becomes extremely simple, and the music practice can be started quickly.

In the tempo setting device for an electronic musical instrument according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage means capable of storing a plurality of tempos. The current tempo changed according to the instruction of the tempo change instruction means is sequentially stored in the storage means according to the instruction of the tempo storage instruction means. On the other hand, the tempo stored in this storage means becomes a new current tempo by being sequentially called according to the instruction of the tempo call instructing means.

Thus, for example, when the player sets the tempo to a desired tempo and then uses the tempo storage instruction means to store the tempo set at that time in the storage means,
Multiple tempos can be stored in different areas in sequence. Further, when the tempo call instructing means calls the tempo stored in the storage means, a plurality of tempos can be sequentially called to restore the current tempo.

For example, when a beginner uses the automatic accompaniment function to practice a predetermined piece of music, the tempo change instruction means is used to reduce the tempo to a desired tempo, and in this state, the tempo storage instruction means is used to stop at that point. The tempo is stored in a predetermined area of the storage means. Similarly, when practicing another piece of music, the tempo change instruction means is used to reduce the tempo to a desired tempo, and in this state, the tempo storage instruction means is used to store the tempo at that time in another area of the storage means. Excuse me.
After the plurality of tempos are stored in the storage means in this way, when the performer operates the tempo call instructing means, the tempos stored in the storage means are sequentially called and set as the current tempo. Therefore, the player can select a desired tempo from a plurality of previously set tempos and reset it by operating the tempo call instructing means, which makes the tempo setting operation extremely simple and quick. The effect is that you can start practicing songs.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the tempo setting device for an electronic musical instrument of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. The tempo setting device of the present invention is configured integrally with an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function, and the functions of the tempo setting device are mainly the tempo switch 142 of the operation panel 14, the user tempo switch 143, the memory switch 144, and It is realized by the processing of the CPU 10. Therefore, in the following, the electronic musical instrument as a whole will be briefly described, and the function as the tempo setting device will be described in detail.

(1) First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which the tempo setting device of the present invention is applied.

The electronic musical instrument to which the tempo setting device is applied is a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as "CPU") 10,
A program memory 11, a random access memory (hereinafter referred to as “RAM”) 12, a panel interface circuit 13, a keyboard interface circuit 15, an automatic performance data memory 17, a waveform memory 18 and a tone generator (tone generator) 19 via a system bus 30. And are connected to each other.

The system bus 30 is, for example, an address line,
It is composed of a data line, a control signal line, etc., and is used for transmitting and receiving various data between the above-mentioned respective constituent elements. The system bus 30 is used by the CPU 10 and the sound source 19 in a time division manner.

The CPU 10 includes a tempo changing means, a control means,
It functions as a first control means and a second control means. The CPU 10 controls the entire electronic musical instrument according to a control program stored in the program memory 11. Details of the operation of the CPU 10 will be described later.
The CPU 10 includes a time counter (not shown). This time counter counts up in a cycle according to the tempo. This time counter is used to detect the timing of sound generation or mute in the automatic performance processing described later.

The program memory 11 can be composed of, for example, a read only memory (hereinafter referred to as "ROM"). The program memory 11 stores not only the control program for operating the CPU 10 described above, but also various fixed data used by the CPU 10 for various processes. The contents of the program memory 11 are read by the CPU 10. That is, CPU1
0 reads a control program (command) from the program memory 11 for interpretation / execution and reads predetermined fixed data for use in various processes.

The RAM 12 temporarily stores various data used for executing the control program. Various areas such as a data buffer, a register, a counter, and a flag are defined in the RAM 12. The storage means for storing the tempo of the present invention is defined as the “user tempo buffer” of the RAM 12. This RAM12
Are accessed by the CPU 10.

An operation panel 14 is connected to the panel interface circuit 13. This operation panel 14
It is used to instruct the electronic musical instrument to perform various operations. The operation panel 14 includes a rhythm start switch 140 and a rhythm selection switch 14 as shown in FIG.
1, tempo switch 142, user tempo switch 14
3, a memory switch 144 and a display 145 are provided. It should be noted that the operation panel 14 is provided with various switches and indicators in addition to the above, but these are not directly related to the present invention, and therefore are not shown in FIG.

The rhythm start switch 140 is used to instruct the start or stop of the automatic performance. The rhythm start switch 140 is alternately switched on and off each time it is pressed. Whether the rhythm start switch is in the on state or the off state depends on the RAM 1
It is stored as the "automatic performance flag" defined in 2.

The rhythm selection switch 141 is composed of a plurality of switches corresponding to a plurality of rhythms such as 8-beat, waltz and samba. A rhythm is selected by pressing any one of the rhythm selection switches 141. The rhythm selected by the rhythm selection switch 141 is stored as a rhythm number in the “rhythm buffer” defined in the RAM 12.

The tempo switch 142 corresponds to tempo change instruction means. This tempo switch 142
Is composed of a tempo up switch 142A and a tempo down switch 142B. Then, each time the tempo up switch 142A is pressed, the tempo value becomes 1
The tempo value is controlled to decrease by 1 each time the tempo down switch 142B is pressed. The data input using the tempo switch 142 is R
It is stored in the "tempo buffer" defined in AM12. The tempo switch 142 can also be configured by a numeric keypad, a slide type operator, a rotary type operator, etc. In these cases, the tempo value does not change by ± 1 but the desired tempo value is directly input. To be done.

The user tempo switch 143 corresponds to tempo call instructing means. This user tempo switch 143
Using the memory switch 144, which will be described later,
Used to call the tempo stored in the user's tempo buffer. For example, when the automatic performance is being performed at the tempo 120 and the user tempo switch 143 is pressed while the tempo data corresponding to the tempo 60 is stored in the user tempo buffer, the contents of the tempo buffer correspond to the tempo 60. The tempo of the automatic performance is changed to tempo 60.

The memory switch 144 corresponds to tempo storage instruction means. The memory switch 144 is used to store the current tempo (tempo buffer contents) in the user tempo buffer. For example, when the memory switch 144 is pressed while the automatic performance is being performed at the tempo 120, tempo data corresponding to the tempo 120 is stored in the user tempo buffer.

The display 145 is, for example, a 7-segment L
The ED display is provided for two digits. On the display 145, numbers, letters, etc. are displayed according to the data sent from the CPU 10. For example, when the rhythm selection switch 141 is operated, the rhythm number of the rhythm corresponding to the pressed switch is displayed. When the tempo switch 142 and the user tempo switch 143 are operated, the tempo value according to the operation is displayed.

In the first embodiment, the display unit 145 is exemplified by the display unit in which the 7-segment LED has two digits, but the display unit 145 is not limited to this. For example,
The display unit 145 displays the LED of 7 segments for one digit or 3
It may be configured to have more than one digit, or may be configured using an LCD display or a CRT capable of displaying characters and numbers,
Furthermore, it can be configured using various other display devices.

The panel interface circuit 13 controls transmission / reception of data between the operation panel 14 and the CPU 10. That is, the panel interface circuit 13 sends a scan signal to the operation panel 14, and inputs a signal indicating ON / OFF of each switch returned from the operation panel 14 in response to the scan signal. Then, from this signal, panel data in which ON / OFF of each switch is associated with 1 bit is generated and sent to the CPU 10. This panel data is stored in the RAM 12 by the CPU 10 and used to determine the presence or absence of a panel event (details will be described later).

Further, the panel interface circuit 13 is
The display data sent from the CPU 10 is sent to the operation panel 14. As a result, the display device 145 displays a predetermined number or alphabetic character.

A keyboard device 16 is connected to the keyboard interface circuit 15. The keyboard device 16 has a plurality of keys for indicating a pitch. As the keyboard device 16, for example, a two-contact type keyboard device is used, and it is possible to detect the initial touch data as well as turning the key on / off. That is, each key of the keyboard device 16 has two key switches that are turned on / off by a key pressing operation or a key releasing operation, and each key switch is turned on / off at different pressing depths.

The keyboard interface circuit 15 controls transmission / reception of data between the keyboard device 16 and the CPU 10. Specifically, the keyboard interface circuit 15 includes the keyboard device 1
6, a scan signal is sent to 6 and a signal indicating the on / off state of the key switch is sent back from the keyboard device 16 in response to this scan signal. Then, from the received signal, key data in which ON / OFF of each key is associated with 1 bit and initial touch data indicating the speed (strength) of key depression are generated and sent to the CPU 10. The key data is used to determine the presence / absence of a keyboard event.
The initial touch data is used to control the volume and timbre.

The automatic performance data memory 17 is, for example, RO
It can be composed of M. The automatic performance data memory 17 stores automatic performance data corresponding to a plurality of rhythms. The automatic performance data corresponding to one rhythm is composed of a header section and an automatic performance data section as shown in FIG. 6, for example. The header section stores the number of repeated measures data, the time signature data, and the preset tempo data of the rhythm. The preset tempo data is tempo data that provides an optimum tempo for automatic performance with the rhythm, and the preset tempo of the rhythm is determined by the preset tempo data. Further, the automatic performance data section stores automatic performance data for designating sound generation / silence.

Although not shown in detail, the automatic performance data of each rhythm includes, for example, 3 chords, bass and drums.
It is composed of data for generating one part sound. The automatic performance data of each part is created in the same format as MIDI data, for example, and includes step time data for instructing sounding timing. The automatic performance data stored in the automatic performance data memory 17 is converted into a format that can be processed by the tone generator 19 and sent to the tone generator 19 in an automatic performance process described later.

The automatic performance data may be stored in a part of the RAM 12 instead of the automatic performance data memory 17. In this case, for example, a floppy disk device (or ROM card controller) is connected to the system bus 30, and a floppy disk (or R
The automatic performance data is stored in an OM card), and each of the above data is read from a floppy disk (or a ROM card inserted in a ROM card controller) loaded in the floppy disk device when the electronic musical instrument is powered on.
It may be configured to be loaded into the AM 12. According to this structure, there is an advantage that many kinds of automatic performances can be performed.

The waveform memory 18 stores pulse code modulated (PCM) waveform data. The waveform memory 18 stores a plurality of types of waveform data corresponding to each tone color (musical instrument sound), each tone range (key range), key depression speed, etc. in order to realize a plurality of tone colors.

The sound source 19 includes, for example, a plurality of oscillators. Then, one to several oscillators are assigned to each tone generation channel that generates the tone of each part. The oscillator corresponding to the channel to which the sound is assigned reads the waveform data stored in the waveform memory 18 and adds an envelope to the waveform data to generate a digital tone signal. To read the above waveform data, use C
The PU 10 and the sound source 19 are time-shared using the system bus 30. The digital musical tone signal generated by the sound source 19 is sent to the D / A converter 20.

The D / A converter 20 converts the input digital musical tone signal into an analog musical tone signal and outputs it. The analog tone signal output from the D / A converter 20 is sent to the amplifier 21. The amplifier 21 amplifies the input analog musical tone signal with a predetermined amplification factor and outputs it. The analog tone signal output from the amplifier 21 is the speaker 2
Sent to 2. The speaker 22 is a well-known one that converts an analog musical tone signal as an electric signal into an acoustic signal.
The speaker 22 emits a musical sound according to the key operation of the keyboard device 16 or the automatic performance data read from the automatic performance data memory 17.

In the first embodiment described above, the rhythm selection switch 141 is exemplified by a plurality of switches provided for each rhythm, but the tempo switch 14
Similar to the above-described item 2, it may be configured by an up / down switch including an up switch “+” and a down switch “−”, or a numeric keypad.

When the rhythm selection switch 141 is an up / down switch, the rhythm selection switch and the tempo switch 142 may be shared. In this case, the tempo switch 142 is defined as a general-purpose switch, and a mode switching switch for switching the operation mode of this general-purpose switch is separately provided. And
When the tempo setting mode is set with this mode selector switch, the general-purpose switch is used to set the tempo,
When the rhythm selection mode is set by the mode changeover switch, it is used to select the rhythm number.

Further, by operating the mode changeover switch to a mode other than the above, for example, a tone color selection mode, a sound effect selection mode, or a volume setting mode, they respectively operate as a tone color selection switch, a sound effect selection switch or a volume setting switch. It is also possible to configure so as to let When operating as a timbre selection switch, it is used to select one timbre from a plurality of timbres, and when operating as a sound effect selection switch, one sonic effect (for example, reverb) is selected from a plurality of sonic effects. It is used to specify, and when operating as a volume setting switch, it is used to increase or decrease the volume value. According to such a configuration, there is an advantage that the number of switches can be reduced.

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument to which the tempo setting device according to the present invention is applied in the above configuration will be described with reference to the drawings, focusing on the operation as the tempo setting device.

3 to 5 are flow charts showing the operation of the first embodiment of the tempo setting device according to the present invention. In the first embodiment, the tempo set at that time is stored in the user tempo buffer in response to the depression of the memory switch 144, and the tempo stored in the user tempo buffer is stored in response to the depression of the user tempo switch 143. It is called and set as the current tempo. Hereinafter, the operation for realizing the above function will be described in detail.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the main routine of the electronic musical instrument to which the tempo setting device of the present invention is applied, which is started by turning on the power. When the power is turned on, first, initialization processing is performed (step S10).
The initialization process is a process of setting the internal state of the CPU 10 to the initial state and setting initial values to the registers, counters, flags, etc. defined in the RAM 12. Further, in this initialization process, a process of sending predetermined data to the sound source 19 and preventing an unnecessary sound from being generated when the power is turned on is performed. When this initialization process ends,
Next, switch event processing is performed (step S1).
1). The details of this switch event process are shown in the flowchart of FIG.

In the switch event process, first, a panel scan is performed (step S20). This is performed as follows. That is, the CPU 10 sends a scan command to the panel interface circuit 13. As a result, the panel interface circuit 13 generates panel data by the method described above and sends it to the CPU 10.
The CPU 10 stores this panel data (hereinafter referred to as “new panel data”) in a predetermined area of the RAM 12.
Next, the panel data that has been previously read and already stored in the RAM 12 (hereinafter referred to as "old panel data").
And the above new panel data are compared to create a panel event map in which different bits are turned on. The presence / absence of a switch event is determined by referring to this panel event map.

When the panel scan processing is completed, it is then checked whether or not there is a panel event (step S).
21). That is, it is checked if there is more than one bit turned on in the panel event map.
If it is determined here that there is no switch event, that is, if there is no bit that is turned on in the panel event map, the switch event processing routine returns and returns to the main routine. . On the other hand, if it is determined in step S21 that there is a switch event, then it is checked whether or not the switch event is the event of the rhythm selection switch 141 (step S22). This is performed by checking whether or not the bit corresponding to each switch of the rhythm selection switch 141 in the panel event map is turned on.

If it is determined that the event is the rhythm selection switch 141, rhythm change processing is performed (step S23). In this rhythm changing process, the rhythm number corresponding to the pressed switch in the rhythm selection switch 141 is stored in the rhythm buffer. The rhythm number stored in this rhythm buffer is used to specify the automatic performance data to be read in the automatic performance processing. Further, the rhythm number stored in the rhythm buffer is sent to the panel interface circuit 13.
As a result, the rhythm number corresponding to the selected rhythm is displayed on the display device 145.

Further, in this rhythm changing process, preset tempo data included in the header portion of the automatic performance data corresponding to the selected rhythm is stored in the tempo buffer. Then, the preset tempo data stored in the tempo buffer is sent to the control unit of the time counter in order to determine the count-up period of the time counter. As a result, the time counter counts up in a cycle according to the preset tempo data. Therefore, the automatic performance sound generated by the automatic performance process has a preset tempo in the initial state (a state in which the tempo switch 142 or the user tempo switch 143 is not operated). After that, the process returns from this switch event processing routine and returns to the main routine.

If it is determined in step S21 that the event is not the rhythm selection switch 141 event, then
It is checked whether the event is the tempo switch 142 (step S24). This is performed by checking whether or not the bit corresponding to the tempo up switch 142A or the tempo down switch 142B in the panel event map is turned on.

If it is determined that the event is the event of the tempo switch 142, the tempo change process is performed (step S25). In this tempo change process, first,
Whether the tempo up switch 142A is an on event is checked, and if so, the contents of the tempo buffer are incremented (+1). Then, it is checked whether the tempo down switch 142B is an on event, and if so, the contents of the tempo buffer are decremented (-1). When the contents of the tempo buffer are changed in this way, the contents of the tempo buffer are sent to the control unit of the time counter, as described above. As a result, the time counter counts up in a cycle according to the changed tempo data. Therefore, the automatic performance sound generated by the automatic performance processing has a tempo according to the changed tempo data. After that, the process returns from this switch event processing routine and returns to the main routine.

In step S24, the tempo switch 14
If it is determined that the event is not the second event, then it is checked whether the event is the user tempo switch 143 (step S26). This is done by checking whether the bit corresponding to the user tempo switch 143 in the panel event map is turned on.

If it is determined that the event is the user tempo switch 143, user tempo processing is performed (step S27). In this user tempo processing, the data stored in the user tempo buffer is transferred to the tempo buffer. Then, the contents of the tempo buffer are sent to the control unit of the time counter, as described above. As a result, the time counter counts up in a cycle according to the tempo data stored in the user tempo buffer. Therefore, the automatic performance sound generated by the automatic performance processing returns to the tempo at the time when the memory switch 144 was previously pressed. After that, the process returns from this switch event processing routine and returns to the main routine.

If it is determined in step S26 that the event is not the user tempo switch 143, it is then checked whether or not there is an event in the memory switch 144 (step S28). This is done by checking whether the bit corresponding to the memory switch 144 in the panel event map is on.

If it is determined that there is an event of the memory switch 144, tempo storage processing is performed (step S29). That is, the data indicating the tempo at that time, that is, the tempo data stored in the tempo buffer is transferred to the user tempo buffer. As a result, the tempo at that time is stored. After that, the process returns from this switch event processing routine and returns to the main routine.

In step S28, the memory switch 14
If it is determined that it is not the event of No. 4, then it is checked whether there is an event of the rhythm start switch 140 (step S30). This is done by checking whether the bit corresponding to the rhythm start switch 140 in the panel event map is on.

When it is determined that there is an event of the rhythm start switch 140, the automatic performance flag is inverted (step S31). That is, if the automatic performance flag is set to "1" and the automatic performance mode is set,
It is cleared to "0" and the normal performance mode is entered. Conversely, if the automatic performance flag is cleared to "0" and the normal performance mode is set, it is set to "1" and the automatic performance mode is entered. As a result, the rhythm start switch 140
A toggle function is realized in which the automatic performance mode and the normal performance mode are alternately repeated each time is pressed. After that, the process returns from this switch event processing routine and returns to the main routine.

If it is determined in step S30 that the rhythm start switch 140 is not the event, then the other switches are processed (step S32). By this "other switch processing", for example, the tone color number corresponding to the event of the tone color selection switch is stored in the "tone color buffer" defined in the RAM 12. Further, the sound effect number and the sound volume value are stored in the sound effect buffer and the sound volume buffer defined in the RAM 12, respectively, corresponding to each event of the sound effect selection switch and the sound volume setting switch. Although processing for various other switch events is performed, each processing is not directly related to the present invention, and therefore description thereof is omitted. When this "other switch process" is completed, the process returns from this switch event process routine and returns to the main routine.

In the main routine, keyboard event processing is then carried out (step S12). In this keyboard event process, the presence or absence of a keyboard event is first checked.
This is performed as follows. That is, the keyboard interface circuit 15 scans the keyboard device 16 to capture data indicating the pressed state of each key (hereinafter referred to as “new key data”) as a bit string corresponding to each key, and sends it to the CPU 10.

Next, the CPU 10 compares the data read previously and already stored in the RAM 12 (hereinafter referred to as "old key data") with the new key data, and whether there is a different bit or not. And create a key event map with different bits turned on. The presence / absence of a keyboard event is determined by referring to this key event map. That is, if there is even one bit that is turned on in the key event map, it is determined that there is a keyboard event.

When it is determined that there is a keyboard event by referring to the key event map created above, keyboard event processing is performed. In the keyboard event processing, sound generation processing is performed when it is determined that there is a key on event. In this sound generation process, a predetermined oscillator in the sound source 19 is assigned to the melody part (specific sound generation channel).

Next, the key number of the key having the on-event, the initial touch data indicating the strength (speed) of key depression, and the tone color number (stored in the tone color buffer) selected at that time. Based on, for example, waveform address, frequency data, envelope data,
Filter coefficients and the like are generated and sent to the sound source 19. As a result, the oscillator to which the tone generator 19 is assigned produces tone sounds based on the above data.

On the other hand, if it is determined in the keyboard event process that there is a key off event, the mute process is performed. More specifically, the oscillator in the sound source 19 assigned to the key having the off event is searched for, and predetermined data is sent to the sound source 19 to mute the sound.

When the above-described keyboard event processing is completed, then automatic performance processing is performed (step S13). The details of this automatic performance process are shown in the flowchart of FIG.

In the automatic performance process, it is first checked whether or not the automatic performance flag is "1" (step S4).
0). When it is determined that the automatic performance flag is not "1", that is, the normal performance mode is set, step S
The process returns from the automatic performance processing routine to the main routine without performing the processing of 31 and below.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the automatic performance flag is "1", that is, the automatic performance mode is set, it is checked whether or not it is the processing timing of the automatic performance (step S).
41). That is, one piece of automatic performance data is read from the automatic performance data memory 17, and the step time included in the automatic performance data is compared with the time value counted up by a time counter (not shown).

If it is determined that the comparison results do not match, it is recognized that the sounding or mute timing has not yet come, and the process returns from this automatic performance processing routine without performing the processing of step S42 and thereafter. Then return to the main routine. In this case, when the automatic performance processing routine is called next time, the same automatic performance data is read and it is checked whether or not the processing timing has come.

On the other hand, when it is judged that the above comparison results match and the processing timing is reached, it is recognized that the sounding or mute timing has come, and then the automatic performance data read from the automatic performance data memory 17 is read. Is the note-on data (step S4).
2). Then, if it is determined that the data is note-on data, a sounding process is performed (step S43). In the tone generation processing, for example, a waveform address, frequency data, envelope data, filter coefficient, etc. are generated based on the note-on data, the tone color number set in the tone color buffer at that time, and the like and sent to the tone generator 19. Subsequent operations are the same as the sound generation processing in the above-mentioned keyboard event processing, so description thereof will be omitted. After that, the routine returns from this automatic performance processing routine and returns to the main routine.

If it is determined in step S42 that the data is not note-on data, then other processing is performed (step S44). In this "other processing",
It includes mute processing based on note-off data, automatic performance end processing (or repetitive execution processing) based on end mark data, timbre change processing, volume change processing, etc., but description thereof is omitted because it is not directly related to the present invention. . When this "other processing" ends, the automatic performance processing routine returns and returns to the main routine.

In the main routine, other processing is then performed (step S14). The "other processing" includes MIDI data transmission / reception processing performed via a MIDI interface circuit (not shown). After that, the process returns to step S11, and the same processing is repeated thereafter. In the process of repeatedly executing steps S11 to S14, when an event based on a panel operation or a keyboard operation occurs, the process corresponding to the event is performed, so that various functions as an electronic musical instrument are exhibited.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the current tempo (stored in the tempo buffer) changed according to the instruction of the tempo switch 142 is changed according to the instruction of the memory switch 144. While being stored in the user tempo buffer of the RAM 12, the tempo data stored in the user tempo buffer is called according to the instruction of the user tempo switch 143 and set in the tempo buffer to set a new current tempo.

As a result, for example, if the player sets the desired tempo and then uses the memory switch 144 to store the tempo set at that time in the user tempo buffer, the user tempo switch 143 indicates the next time. Just by doing, you can return to the previously set tempo. For example, when a beginner is practicing a song using the automatic accompaniment function, the tempo switch 142 is used to reduce the tempo of the automatic performance to a desired tempo, and in this state, the memory switch 144 is used to set the current tempo to the user. If it is stored in the tempo buffer, then if the automatic performance is selected again, the tempo of the automatic performance becomes the preset tempo, but the user tempo switch 143
The tempo can be restored to the previously set tempo with one touch by operating. Therefore, the tempo setting operation becomes extremely simple, and the music practice can be started quickly.

(2) Second Embodiment In the second embodiment, the user tempo buffer is composed of a circular buffer capable of storing several to several tens of tempo data so that a plurality of tempo data can be stored. It was done. When the memory switch 144 is pressed, the tempo set at that time is stored in the circular buffer, and when the user tempo switch 143 is pressed, the tempo stored in the circular buffer is called and set as the current tempo. It is to set. Hereinafter, the operation for realizing the above function will be described in detail.

Configuration of Electronic Musical Instrument in Embodiment 2 (FIG. 1)
2) and FIG. 2) are the same as the first embodiment except that a circular buffer is defined in the RAM 12, and therefore the description of the same parts will be omitted. The circular buffer is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, it is composed of a plurality of storage areas, a write pointer and a read pointer. The write pointer and the read pointer can be defined in the RAM 12.

This circular buffer operates as follows.
That is, in the initial state, the write pointer and the read pointer are set to point to the beginning of the storage area. And
When a write request for tempo data occurs, the tempo data is written in the area designated by the write pointer, and then the write pointer is incremented. As a result of this increment, if the write pointer exceeds the maximum position of the storage area, it is circulated to the beginning of the storage area. On the other hand, when a tempo data read request occurs, one tempo data is read from the area designated by the read pointer, and then the read pointer is incremented. As a result of this increment, if the read pointer exceeds the maximum position of the storage area, it is cycled to the beginning of the storage area.

The operation of the second embodiment will be described in detail below. In the second embodiment, since the main routine (FIG. 3) and the automatic performance processing routine (FIG. 5) used in the first embodiment are used as they are, the description thereof will be omitted. Also,
The switch event processing routine (FIG. 4) of the first embodiment is also used, but a part of the processing is different from that of the first embodiment. Specifically, the contents of the user tempo process of step S27 and the tempo storage process of step S29 are different.

In step S28 of FIG. 4, the memory switch 1
When it is determined that the event of 44 has occurred, the tempo storing process (step S29) is performed. That is, the data indicating the tempo at that time, that is, the tempo data stored in the tempo buffer is written to the position indicated by the write pointer in the circular buffer. After that, the write pointer is incremented. As a result of this increment, if the write pointer exceeds the maximum position of the storage area, it is circulated to the beginning of the storage area. As a result, the tempo at that time is stored. After that, the process returns from the switch event processing routine and returns to the main routine.

Since the above-mentioned writing of tempo data is cyclically performed, the latest several to several tens of tempo data are always stored in the storage area.

When it is determined in step S26 in FIG. 4 that the event of the user tempo switch 143 has occurred, user tempo processing (step S27) is performed. In this user tempo processing, one piece of tempo data stored in the user tempo buffer is read from the position indicated by the read pointer of the circular buffer and transferred to the tempo buffer. Then, the contents of the tempo buffer are sent to the control unit of the time counter, as described above.

As a result, the time counter is counted up at a cycle corresponding to the tempo data stored in the user tempo buffer, and the automatic performance is performed at the new tempo. After that, the read pointer is incremented. As a result of this increment, if the read pointer exceeds the maximum position of the storage area, it is cycled to the beginning of the storage area. After that, the process returns from the switch event processing routine and returns to the main routine.

In this user tempo processing,
A numerical value corresponding to the tempo newly set in the tempo buffer can be sent to the display device 145 and displayed. With this configuration, the player can easily select the desired tempo by operating the user tempo switch 143 while looking at the display 145.

Since the above-mentioned tempo data is read cyclically, every time the user tempo switch 143 is pressed, the latest several to several tens of tempo data stored in the storage area are sequentially read. , Will be set in the tempo buffer. Therefore, the player can return to the previously set tempo by pressing the user tempo switch 143 until a predetermined tempo appears.

Although the read or write pointer is incremented in the above example, the same effect can be obtained by decrementing the pointer. Further, the pointer can be configured to select either increment or decrement by designating with a predetermined switch.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the present embodiment has the circular buffer capable of storing a plurality of tempo data, and the current tempo changed according to the instruction of the tempo switch 142 is , Memory switch 144
Are sequentially stored in the circular buffer in response to the instruction. On the other hand, the tempo data stored in the circular buffer is sequentially called each time the user tempo switch 143 is operated and set in the tempo buffer as a new current tempo.

Thus, for example, when the performer sets a desired tempo and then uses the memory switch 144 to store the tempo set at that time in the circular buffer, a plurality of tempos are sequentially stored in different areas. Can be made. Further, when the tempo stored in the circular buffer is called by the user tempo switch 143, a plurality of tempos can be called sequentially to restore the current tempo.

For example, when a beginner uses the automatic accompaniment function to practice a predetermined song, the tempo switch 142 is used to reduce the tempo to a desired tempo, and in this state, the memory switch 144 is used to set the tempo at that time. Is stored in a predetermined area of the circular buffer. Similarly, when practicing another song, the tempo switch 142 is used to reduce the tempo to a desired tempo, and in this state, the memory switch 14
4 is used to store the current tempo in the next area of the circular buffer. After storing a plurality of tempos in the circular buffer in this way, if the performer operates the user tempo switch 143, the tempos stored in the circular buffer are sequentially called and set as the current tempo.
Therefore, the performer can operate the user tempo switch 143 to select a desired tempo from a plurality of previously set tempos and reset the tempo, which makes the tempo setting operation extremely simple and quick. The effect is that you can start practicing songs.

In the above-described first and second embodiments, the case where the tempo is changed from the operation panel 14 by using the user tempo switch 143 has been described. However, the tempo change data included in the automatic performance data or the external The same can be applied to the case where the tempo is changed by the tempo change data included in the MIDI data transmitted from.

[0088]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
A tempo setting device for an electronic musical instrument that can change the current tempo to a desired tempo with a few operations can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which a tempo setting device commonly used in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an operation panel used in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart (main routine) showing an operation common to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation common to the first and second embodiments of the present invention (switch event processing routine).
Is.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart (automatic performance processing routine) showing an operation common to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of automatic performance data commonly used in the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the structure of a circular buffer used in Example 2 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 CPU 11 Program Memory 12 RAM 13 Panel Interface Circuit 14 Operation Panel 15 Keyboard Interface Circuit 16 Keyboard Device 17 Automatic Performance Data Memory 18 Waveform Memory 19 Sound Source 20 D / A Converter 21 Amplifier 22 Speaker 30 System Bus 140 Rhythm Start Switch 141 Rhythm Selection switch 142 Tempo switch 142A Tempo up switch 142B Tempo down switch 143 User tempo switch 144 Memory switch 145 Indicator

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function for generating an automatic performance sound, wherein a tempo change instruction means for instructing a tempo change of the automatic performance sound, and a current tempo according to an instruction of the tempo change instruction means. Tempo changing means for changing the tempo to a new current tempo, tempo storage instructing means for instructing to store the current tempo, and storing the current tempo according to the instruction of the tempo storage instructing means Storage means, tempo call instructing means for instructing to call the tempo stored in the storage means, and a current tempo by calling the tempo stored in the storage means in response to an instruction from the tempo call instructing means. A tempo setting device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: 2. An electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function for generating an automatic performance sound, wherein tempo change instructing means for instructing a tempo change of the automatic performance sound, and a current tempo in response to an instruction of the tempo change instructing means Tempo changing means for changing the tempo to a new current tempo, storage means for storing a plurality of tempos, tempo storage instructing means for instructing to store the current tempo, and tempo storage instructing means First control means for sequentially storing the current tempo in the storage means in response to an instruction, tempo call instruction means for instructing to call the tempo stored in the storage means, and instruction of the tempo call instruction means A second control means for sequentially calling the tempo stored in the storage means according to the current tempo and setting the tempo as a current tempo. Apparatus.