JPH08178828A - Tester equipment for water permeability and gas permeability - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a test equipment for water permeability and gas permeability in which the water permeability or the gas permeability can be measured with high accuracy depending on the purpose. CONSTITUTION: An inner space 23 is defined by inner and outer vessels 21, 22. A liquid pressure is applied to a sample 1 by means of a baby compressor 5, a pressure regulation valve 41, an enclosed bullet 9, and an upper air trap 10. When a gas permeability test is carried out, gas is introduced from the lower part of the sample 1 by means of a gas cylinder 13, a pressure regulation valve 18, a valve 14, a balloon 12, an accumulator 11, and a valve 46. When a water permeability test is carried out, liquid is introduced from the lower part of the sample 1 by means of the baby compressor 5, a pressure regulation valve 44, a lower air trap 16, and a valve 45. The liquid or gas thus introduced passes through the sample 1 and a valve 47 to vary the liquid level in the upper air trap 10 and the enclosed bullet 9. A differential mamometer 15 measures the variation of liquid level thus measuring the gas permeability or water permeability.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air permeability / water permeability test apparatus for measuring the air permeability of a gas permeable sample such as soil and the water permeability of a water permeable sample. The air permeability / water permeability test apparatus of the present invention,
For example, it is used when quantitatively evaluating the migration rate of concrete and barrier materials of gas generated in the facility in relation to geological disposal of radioactive waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various methods for evaluating water permeability or air permeability of soil, concrete, etc. have been proposed. Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) A1218-1977 stipulates a soil permeability test method. However, this standard is limited to the permeability test of soil, and there is no mention of the permeability test for gas such as gas. Also, this standard does not mention the application of binding pressure.

Paper, "Study on Quantitative Evaluation of Air Permeability of Concrete," Ujiie, et al., JSCE Proceedings, No. 39
No. 6 / V9, August 1988, pages 79-81,
In order to improve the measurement of the air permeability of concrete, a method for quantitatively evaluating the air permeability coefficient of concrete is disclosed in association with the void structure inside the concrete. However, this method is a measurement method specific to concrete and cannot be applied to various water-permeable and air-permeable samples (specimens). Further, in this method, the binding pressure becomes a test pressure, lacks the degree of freedom, and there are still points to be improved for accurate measurement.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 5-157681 discloses proper air permeability or water permeability measurement of a soil layer in a natural state at a soil sampling site. Neither the water permeability measurement nor the air permeability measurement disclosed in this document discloses applying a confining pressure. Moreover, only compressed air is used for air permeability measurement, and there is no mention of performing air permeability measurement using various gases.

[0005]

Recently, there has been a demand for extremely accurate air permeability measurement and water permeability measurement. JI
S A1218-1977, the above-mentioned paper, JP-A-5-1576.
None of the contents disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 81 can measure water permeability or air permeability with high accuracy. These documents measure air permeability or water permeability limited to specific samples such as soil and concrete, and it is not possible to perform air permeability measurement or water permeability measurement on various samples with high accuracy. For example, when measuring the gas permeability of radioactive materials, it is necessary to use a specific gas, and in order to measure gas permeability with high accuracy, the size of the molecule is too large for compressed air and the size of the molecule is sufficiently high. No temper can be taken. Therefore, the type of gas to be used must be appropriately selected according to the purpose of air permeability measurement and the sample, and these gases must be easy to use.

[0006] The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to measure the permeability and / or the permeability of various samples with high accuracy according to the purpose.
An object is to provide a water permeability test device.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a constraining pressure applying means for applying a predetermined constraining pressure from a side surface of a container to an air-permeable sample contained in the container, Hydraulic pressure applying means for applying a predetermined hydraulic pressure to the sample from one of the directions orthogonal to the binding pressure application direction of the sample,
From the other side of the direction orthogonal to the restraining pressure application direction of the sample, gas introducing means for introducing a predetermined type of gas of a predetermined pressure into the sample, and the gas introduced into the sample and passing through the sample is the liquid. There is provided an air permeability test apparatus having means for measuring the gas permeation amount by detecting the liquid level when reaching the pressure applying means and changing the liquid level of the liquid pressure applying means. .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a constraining pressure applying means for applying a predetermined constraining pressure to the water-permeable sample contained in the container from the side surface of the container, and a predetermined constraining force for the sample. A liquid pressure applying means for applying a liquid pressure, and a liquid introducing means for introducing a liquid of a predetermined pressure into the sample at a pressure higher than the liquid pressure from the liquid pressure applying means from a direction opposite to the liquid pressure application,
When the liquid that has passed through the sample reaches the liquid pressure applying unit and changes the liquid level of the liquid pressure applying unit, the liquid permeability test has a unit for detecting the liquid level and measuring the amount of water permeation. A device is provided.

Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air permeation / water permeation test device capable of performing the water permeation measurement or the air permeation measurement by combining the air permeation test device and the water permeation test device. It

[0010]

In the air-permeable / water-permeable test apparatus of the present invention, the restraining pressure can be applied independently, and the value can be set to a desired pressure. Therefore, the measurement conditions of the sample can be set accurately and arbitrarily, and accurate test conditions can be provided. Further, the measurement condition of the sample can be set higher by the liquid pressure applying means for applying an arbitrary liquid to the sample. In the situation where such conditions are set, when performing gas permeability measurement, a predetermined type of gas having a predetermined pressure is introduced into the sample through the gas introduction unit. Further, in the situation where the above-mentioned conditions are set, when the water permeability is measured, a predetermined liquid is introduced into the sample at a predetermined pressure via the liquid introducing means. When the gas introduced into the sample and transmitted through the sample reaches the liquid pressure applying means and changes the liquid level of the liquid pressure applying means, the level of the liquid is detected to transmit the gas. An air permeation test device is provided having a means for measuring air volume.
Both the gas permeability and the water permeability are measured when the gas introduced into the sample and permeated through the sample reaches the liquid pressure applying means to change the liquid level of the liquid pressure applying means, or when the gas is introduced into the sample. When the liquid that has permeated the liquid reaches the hydraulic pressure applying means and changes the liquid level of the hydraulic pressure applying means, the level of the liquid is detected to measure the air permeation amount or the water permeation amount.

As described above, the air permeability / water permeability test apparatus of the present invention can be applied to either water permeability measurement or air permeability measurement. In addition, the constraint pressure applying means, the liquid pressure applying means, the gas introducing means or the liquid introducing means can operate independently and the pressure can be adjusted to a desired value, so that accurate measurement can be performed. Moreover, since the gas introduction means can introduce an arbitrary gas into the sample, it is possible to perform an appropriate measurement according to the property of the sample.

[0012]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an example of an air permeability / water permeability test apparatus of the present invention. This air permeability / water permeability test apparatus can be applied to both the air permeability test and the water permeability test. The air-permeability / water-permeability test apparatus includes an inner container 21 for containing the sample 1, an outer container 22 outside thereof, an inner cavity 23 defined between the inner container 21 and the outer container 22, an upper lid 3A, a lower lid 3B, and the like. Top lid 3
Air-permeable / water-permeable container 2 including an O-ring 24 for enhancing the airtightness of the outer container 22 arranged between A and the lower lid 3B.
Have. The lower lid 3B is made of, for example, SUS,
The upper lid 3A is made of aluminum, for example. The side surface of the inner container 21 is a rubber sleeve, and a constraint pressure described later is applied from the side surface. Sample 1 with the top lid 3A removed
After being accommodated in the inner container 21, the upper lid 3A is covered, and the bolt 4 is tightened between the upper lid 3A and the lower lid 3B so as to press the outer container 22 in the height direction via the O-ring 24. The confidentiality of the cavity 23 is enhanced.

As a means for applying a restraining pressure to the sample 1 from the side, a system of a bebicon 5, a pressure regulating valve 8, a water tank 6, and a lumen 23 is provided. As a means for applying a hydraulic pressure to the sample 1, a babycon 5, a pressure regulating valve 41, a closed buret 9,
A system of the upper air trap 10 and the valve 47 is provided. As a gas introduction means when conducting an air permeability test,
Gas cylinder 13, pressure regulating valve 18, valve 14, balloon 1
2, a system of accumulator 11 and valve 46 is provided. As a liquid introduction means when performing a water permeability test,
A system including a babycon 5, a pressure regulating valve 44, a lower air trap 16, and a valve 45 is provided. Whether to open the valve 46 or the valve 45 is selected depending on whether the air permeability test or the water permeability test is performed. The liquid introduced from the lower part of the sample 1 from the valve 45 or the gas introduced from the lower part of the sample 1 from the valve 46 passes through the sample 1 and permeates through the sample 1.
The liquid level of the upper air trap 10 and the closed buret 9 is changed via the valve 47 at the upper part of the water permeable container 2. The differential pressure gauge 15 measures the change in the liquid level to measure the air permeability or the water permeability. When performing the water permeability test, the liquid pressure or the gas pressure introduced from the valve 45 is higher than the liquid pressure applied from the valve 47.

A specific measuring method will be described below. Measurement of Air Permeation When measuring the air permeation in this air permeation / water permeability tester, (1) applying a restraining pressure from the side surface of the inner container 21,
(2) Water pressure is applied from above the sample 1, (3) Arbitrary gas is fed from below the sample 1, and the gas that permeates the sample 1 changes the water level of the upper air trap 10 and the sealed burette 9 Measure and measure changes. The details will be described below. The compressed air from the Bevicon 5 is sent to the water tank 6 while being adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 8 so that the pure water 7 in the water tank 6 is filled in the inner cavity 23, and the internal container 2 in which the sample 1 is stored.
A restraining pressure is applied to the sample 1 from the side surface of 1. This binding pressure is
It is adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 8. Compressed air from the Bevicon 5 is adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 41 to apply air pressure above the closed burette 9, and the upper air trap 10 and the valve 4 are provided.
A water pressure equivalent to groundwater is applied to the sample 1 from above the sample 1 housed in the inner container 21 via 7. When the air permeability of the sample 1 is measured with the restraining pressure and the water pressure applied to the sample 1 as described above, the balloon 12 of the accumulator 11 is filled with an arbitrary gas, in this example, helium, from the gas cylinder 13, and the gas cylinder is charged. The valve 14 of 13 is closed, compressed air of a predetermined pressure is adjusted by the pressure adjusting valve 44, and the compressed air is applied to the accumulator 11. A gas is sent from below the sample 1 contained in the internal container 21 to permeate the gas, and a change in the water level of the closed buret 9 is measured by the differential pressure gauge 15 via the valve 47 and the upper air trap 10. The restraint pressure can be independently adjusted to an arbitrary value by adjusting the pressure regulating valve 8. The water pressure applied to the sample 1 can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting the pressure adjusting valve 41. By changing the gas filled in the gas cylinder 13, the air permeation condition of the sample 1 can be changed.

Measurement of water permeation The amount of water permeation is measured by using the compressed air from the bevicon 5 as the pressure regulating valve 4.
4 to the lower air trap 16 and the pure water 17 in the lower air trap 16 via the valve 45
The sample 1 in the inner container 21 is sent from the lower side to the upper side to permeate the sample 1, and the permeated pure water 17 enters the upper air trap 10 from the upper part of the sample 1 via the valve 47, and the upper air trap 10 Is filled with pure water 17,
The water level change of the closed buret 9 is measured by the differential pressure gauge 15. The amount of water permeation can also be tested by adjusting the pressure regulating valve 44 at an arbitrary water permeation pressure.

Modifications The gas for air permeation is not limited to the above-mentioned helium, but any gas such as argon can be used. Further, the liquid contained in the closed buret 9, the upper air trap 10, and the lower air trap 16 is not limited to pure water, and any liquid can be used according to the sample.

According to the air / water permeability test apparatus of the present invention described above, the sample 1 can be applied to the following various types. (1) Quantitative evaluation of the transfer rate of concrete and barrier materials of the gas generated in the facility related to geological disposal of radioactive waste (2) Underground storage of energy such as high pressure air due to deep underground development Evaluation of airtightness and airtightness of rock (rock) (3) Saturated / unsaturated soil (ground) in construction of civil engineering structures, development of geothermal power, water (liquid phase) and air (gas phase) of rock (rock) Of two-phase flow characteristics of soil (4) Evaluation of ground permeability and critical air pressure when planning tunnel excavation by the pneumatic method

[0018]

According to the air permeability / water permeability test apparatus of the present invention,
For both the air-permeable sample and the water-permeable sample, the air-permeable test and the water-permeable test can be performed with high accuracy under desired conditions. Further, the air permeability / water permeability test apparatus of the present invention can be applied to both the air permeability test of an air permeable sample and the water permeability test of a water permeable sample.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an air permeability / water permeability test apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ ・ Sample 2 ・ Air-permeable / water-permeable container 21 ・ ・ Inner container 22 ・ ・ Outer container 23 ・ ・ Inner cavity 24 ・ ・ O-ring 3A ・ ・ Top lid 3B ・ ・ Bottom lid 4 ・ ・ Bolt 5・ ・ Water tank 7, 17 ・ ・ Pure water 8, 18, 41, 44 ・ ・ Pressure regulating valve 9 ・ ・ Closed burette 10 ・ ・ Upper air trap 11 ・ ・ Accumulator 12 ・ ・ Balloon 13 ・ ・ Gas cylinder 14 ・ ・ Valve 15 ・ ・ Differential pressure gauge 16 ・ ・ Lower air trap 42 ・ ・ Drain valve 45, 46, 47 ・ ・ Valve

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A constraining pressure applying means for applying a predetermined constraining pressure to a gas permeable sample contained in a container from a side surface of the container, and one of a direction orthogonal to the constraining pressure applying direction of the sample. Liquid pressure applying means for applying a predetermined liquid pressure to the sample, gas introducing means for introducing a predetermined type of gas of a predetermined pressure into the sample from the other of the direction orthogonal to the restraining pressure application direction of the sample, When the gas introduced into the sample and transmitted through the sample reaches the liquid pressure applying means to change the liquid level of the liquid pressure applying means, the level of the liquid is detected to permeate the gas. An air permeability test apparatus having a means for measuring the amount. 2. A constraining pressure applying means for applying a predetermined constraining pressure from a side surface of the container to a water-permeable sample contained in the container, and a hydraulic pressure applying means for applying a predetermined hydraulic pressure to the sample. A liquid introducing unit that introduces a liquid of a predetermined pressure into the sample at a pressure higher than the liquid pressure from the liquid pressure applying unit from a direction opposite to the liquid pressure application; A water permeation test device having means for measuring the amount of water permeation by detecting the level of the liquid when the liquid level of the liquid pressure applying means is changed by reaching the application means. 3. A constraining pressure applying means for applying a predetermined constraining pressure from a side surface of the container to an air-permeable sample or a water-permeable sample contained in the container, and a direction orthogonal to the constraining pressure applying direction of the sample. A liquid pressure applying means for applying a predetermined liquid pressure to the sample from one of the directions, and in the case of air permeability measurement, a predetermined type of a predetermined pressure from the other direction orthogonal to the binding pressure application direction of the sample. A gas introducing means for introducing a gas into the sample, and in the case of water permeability measurement, a liquid having a predetermined pressure is introduced into the sample at a pressure higher than the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure applying means from the opposite direction to the hydraulic pressure application. And a liquid pressure introducing means that is introduced into the sample and permeates the sample and reaches the liquid pressure applying means to change the liquid level of the liquid pressure applying means. Detects the level and permeates the gas An air / water permeability tester that has means for measuring the amount.