JPH0798446A - Observer's side electrode plate for liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Observer's side electrode plate for liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0798446A JPH0798446A JP5241859A JP24185993A JPH0798446A JP H0798446 A JPH0798446 A JP H0798446A JP 5241859 A JP5241859 A JP 5241859A JP 24185993 A JP24185993 A JP 24185993A JP H0798446 A JPH0798446 A JP H0798446A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode plate
- liquid crystal
- observer
- light
- side electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は反射型液晶表示装置に適
用される観察者側電極板に係り、特に、製造工程が簡単
でその生産性と収率が高く、しかも外光光源の位置に関
わりなく視野角の広い画面表示を可能にする液晶表示装
置の観察者側電極板の改良に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a viewer-side electrode plate applied to a reflective liquid crystal display device, and in particular, the manufacturing process is simple and the productivity and yield are high, and the position of the external light source is improved. The present invention relates to an improvement of an observer-side electrode plate of a liquid crystal display device that enables display with a wide viewing angle regardless.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】この種の液晶表示装置は、一般に、図4
に示すように偏光膜(図示せず)と透明電極a4、b4
が各々設けられた一対の電極板a、bと、これ等電極板
a、b間に封入された液晶物質cとでその主要部が構成
されており、入射した光線をまず入射側の上記偏光膜で
直線偏光にし、かつ、液晶物質cに対して画素毎に電圧
を印加してその配向状態を変化させると共に、その配向
状態によりその部位を透過する上記直線偏光の偏光面を
回転させその回転角に応じて出射側の偏光膜で上記直線
偏光を遮断又は透過させて画面表示を行うものである。
尚、カラー画面を表示するカラー液晶表示装置において
は、上記電極板a、bのいずれか一方に偏光を着色する
ためのカラーフィルター層が設けられている。2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device of this type is generally shown in FIG.
A polarizing film (not shown) and transparent electrodes a4 and b4 as shown in FIG.
A pair of electrode plates a and b each provided with a liquid crystal substance c enclosed between these electrode plates a and b, the main part of which is formed. The film is made into linearly polarized light, and a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal substance c for each pixel to change its alignment state, and the polarization plane of the linearly polarized light that passes through that portion is rotated according to that alignment state to rotate it. The screen is displayed by blocking or transmitting the linearly polarized light by the polarizing film on the exit side according to the angle.
In a color liquid crystal display device that displays a color screen, a color filter layer for coloring polarized light is provided on one of the electrode plates a and b.
【0003】そして、この種の液晶表示装置としては、
液晶表示装置の背面側に位置する電極板(以下背面電極
板と称する)aの裏面若しくは側面に光源(ランプ)を
配置し、背面電極板a側から光線を入射させた表示画面
の明るいバックライト型あるいはライトガイド型のラン
プ内蔵式透過型液晶表示装置が広く普及している。As a liquid crystal display device of this type,
A bright backlight for a display screen in which a light source (lamp) is arranged on the back surface or side surface of an electrode plate (hereinafter referred to as a back electrode plate) a located on the back side of a liquid crystal display device, and light rays are incident from the back electrode plate a side. Type or light guide type transmissive liquid crystal display device with a built-in lamp is widely used.
【0004】しかし、このランプ内蔵式透過型液晶表示
装置においては、そのランプによる消費電力が大きくC
RTやプラズマディスプレイ等他の種類のディスプレイ
と略同等の電力を消費するため、液晶表示装置本来の低
消費電力といった特徴を損ない、また、携帯先で長時間
の利用が困難となるという欠点を有していた。However, in this transmissive liquid crystal display device with a built-in lamp, the power consumed by the lamp is large.
Since it consumes substantially the same amount of power as other types of displays such as RTs and plasma displays, it has the drawbacks that the original low power consumption characteristics of liquid crystal display devices are impaired and that it becomes difficult to use it for a long time on the portable device. Was.
【0005】他方、このようなランプを内蔵することな
く、装置の観察者側に位置する電極板(観察者側電極板
と称する)bから室内光や自然光等の外光を入射させ、
上記背面電極板aに設けられた金属反射膜で反射させて
この反射光により画面表示する反射型液晶表示装置も知
られている。そして、この装置ではランプを利用しない
ことから消費電力が小さく、従って、携帯先の長時間駆
動に耐えるという利点を有している。On the other hand, without incorporating such a lamp, outside light such as room light or natural light is made incident from an electrode plate (referred to as an observer side electrode plate) b located on the observer side of the apparatus,
There is also known a reflection type liquid crystal display device which reflects on a metal reflection film provided on the back electrode plate a and displays a screen by this reflected light. Since this device does not use a lamp, it consumes less power, and therefore has the advantage that it can withstand the long-term driving of a portable device.
【0006】そして、このような反射型液晶表示装置に
はその背面電極板aとして、例えば、図5に示すように
基材a1と、この基材a1上に一様に形成された金属反
射膜a2と、この金属反射膜a2上にカラーフィルター
層a3R、a3G、a3Bを介して設けられた電圧印加
用透明電極a4とでその主要部が構成されるもの、ある
いは、図6に示すように上記金属反射膜a2が透明電極
a4とは反対側の基板a1面に一様に設けられた背面電
極板等が適用されている。In such a reflective liquid crystal display device, as the back electrode plate a, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a base material a1 and a metal reflective film uniformly formed on the base material a1. a2 and a voltage application transparent electrode a4 provided on the metal reflection film a2 via color filter layers a3R, a3G, and a3B, or a main part thereof, or as shown in FIG. A back electrode plate or the like in which the metal reflection film a2 is uniformly provided on the surface of the substrate a1 opposite to the transparent electrode a4 is applied.
【0007】ところで、この種の反射型液晶表示装置に
おいては、上記金属反射膜a2が入射光線を正反射する
ためその外光の光源の位置によって視野角が制限される
という欠点を有していた。By the way, in this type of reflective liquid crystal display device, the metal reflection film a2 specularly reflects the incident light beam, so that the viewing angle is limited by the position of the light source of the external light. .
【0008】そこで、特開昭63−228887号公報
あるいは日本印刷学会主催のフォトファブリケーション
シンポジウム’92には、表面凹凸の金属薄膜を金属反
射膜a2として適用することによりこの金属反射膜a2
の正反射を防止して表示画面の視野角を拡大させた液晶
表示装置が紹介されている。すなわち、図7はこの液晶
表示装置を示す説明図で、この液晶表示装置の背面電極
板aは、基材a1と、この基材a1上に絶縁層a5を介
して設けられたTFT素子a6と、このTFT素子a6
上に設けられた表面凹凸の絶縁性樹脂層a7と、この絶
縁性樹脂層a7の凹凸表面に沿って設けられた画素形状
のアルミニウム薄膜製金属反射膜a2とで主要部が構成
されている。Therefore, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-228887 or Photofabrication Symposium '92 sponsored by The Japan Printing Society, a metal thin film having uneven surface is applied as the metal reflection film a2 to obtain the metal reflection film a2.
A liquid crystal display device has been introduced in which the viewing angle of the display screen is widened by preventing the regular reflection of. That is, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing this liquid crystal display device. The back electrode plate a of this liquid crystal display device includes a base material a1 and a TFT element a6 provided on the base material a1 via an insulating layer a5. , This TFT element a6
The insulating resin layer a7 having an uneven surface provided thereon and the pixel-shaped metal thin-film metal reflection film a2 provided along the uneven surface of the insulating resin layer a7 constitute a main part.
【0009】そして、この液晶表示装置においては上記
金属反射膜a2が絶縁性樹脂層a7の表面形状を反映し
て凹凸表面を有しているため、光を乱反射して表示画面
の視野角を拡大させることが可能になる。尚、この液晶
表示装置において上記TFT素子a6は、半導体部a6
2とこの半導体部a62をはさんでその両側に設けられ
たソース電極a61及びドレイン電極a63とで構成さ
れており、ドレイン電極a63と上記金属反射膜a2と
を絶縁層a7に設けられた貫通孔(コンタクトホール)
を通して導通させこの金属反射膜a2を液晶物質の駆動
電極として利用している。また、図7中、bは観察者側
電極板を示し、b1はその基材、b2は基材b1上に一
様に設けられた透明電極である。また、cは上記背面電
極板aと観察者側電極板bとの間に封入された液晶物
質、dは液晶表示装置の外周に設けられたシール材を示
している。In this liquid crystal display device, since the metal reflection film a2 has an uneven surface reflecting the surface shape of the insulating resin layer a7, light is diffusely reflected to widen the viewing angle of the display screen. It is possible to let In this liquid crystal display device, the TFT element a6 is the semiconductor portion a6.
2 and a semiconductor electrode a62 and a source electrode a61 and a drain electrode a63 which are provided on both sides of the semiconductor portion a62. The drain electrode a63 and the metal reflection film a2 are provided in the insulating layer a7 as a through hole. (Contact hole)
This metal reflective film a2 is used as a drive electrode for the liquid crystal substance. Further, in FIG. 7, b represents an electrode plate on the observer side, b1 is a base material thereof, and b2 is a transparent electrode uniformly provided on the base material b1. Further, c is a liquid crystal substance enclosed between the back electrode plate a and the observer-side electrode plate b, and d is a sealing material provided on the outer periphery of the liquid crystal display device.
【0010】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、この液
晶表示装置においては、その製造に際して上記絶縁性樹
脂層a7を形成する工程とその表面に凹凸を付与する工
程が必要で、かつ、ドレイン電極a63と上記金属金属
反射膜a2とを導通させるため絶縁性樹脂層a7をドラ
イエッチングしてコンタクトホールを形成する工程等が
必要となるため、その生産性と収率とが極めて低いとい
う問題点があった。However, in this liquid crystal display device, the step of forming the insulating resin layer a7 and the step of imparting unevenness to the surface are required in the manufacturing thereof, and the drain electrode a63 and Since a step of forming a contact hole by dry-etching the insulating resin layer a7 in order to electrically connect with the metal-metal reflective film a2 is required, there is a problem that the productivity and the yield thereof are extremely low. .
【0011】また、この液晶表示装置においては、表面
凹凸の絶縁性樹脂層a7上に真空蒸着やスパッタリング
等の方法で上記金属反射膜a2を直接設ける必要があ
り、この形成段階において上記金属反射膜a2が酸化若
しくは水酸化され易いため、金属反射膜a2本来の反射
性能が損なわれる問題点があった。Further, in this liquid crystal display device, it is necessary to directly provide the metal reflection film a2 on the insulating resin layer a7 having an uneven surface by a method such as vacuum deposition or sputtering. At this formation stage, the metal reflection film a2 is formed. Since a2 is easily oxidized or hydroxylated, there is a problem that the original reflection performance of the metal reflective film a2 is impaired.
【0012】本発明はこのような問題点に着目してなさ
れたもので、その課題とするところは、反射型液晶表示
装置の利点を維持したまま、製造工程が簡単でその生産
性と収率が高く、しかも外光光源の位置に関わりなく視
野角の広い画面表示を可能にする反射型アクティブマト
リクス液晶表示装置の観察者側電極板を提供することに
ある。The present invention has been made by paying attention to such problems, and the problem is that the manufacturing process is simple and the productivity and yield thereof are maintained while maintaining the advantages of the reflective liquid crystal display device. It is an object of the present invention to provide an observer-side electrode plate of a reflective active matrix liquid crystal display device which is high in price and can display a screen with a wide viewing angle regardless of the position of an external light source.
【0013】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち、請求項1に係
る発明は、矩形状の各画素に対応した複数の電極が基板
の画面表示領域内にパターン状に設けられた光反射性背
面電極板と、この背面電極板に対向して配置されかつ透
明基板の上記画面表示領域に対応する部位に一様に設け
られた透明電極を有する観察者側電極板と、これ等の電
極板間に封入された液晶物質とを備え、この液晶物質に
対し画素毎に電圧を印加して画面表示する液晶表示装置
用の上記観察者側電極板を前提とし、上記透明基板に、
透明樹脂とこの透明樹脂中に分散されかつこの透明樹脂
と屈折率が異なる微粒子とを主成分とする光散乱層を設
けたことを特徴とするものである。That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a light-reflective back electrode plate in which a plurality of electrodes corresponding to respective rectangular pixels are provided in a pattern in a screen display region of a substrate. And an observer-side electrode plate having a transparent electrode which is arranged to face the back electrode plate and which is uniformly provided at a portion corresponding to the screen display area of the transparent substrate, and is enclosed between these electrode plates. The liquid crystal material is provided, the above-mentioned viewer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device that applies a voltage to each liquid crystal material for each pixel to display a screen, and on the transparent substrate,
It is characterized in that a light-scattering layer containing a transparent resin and fine particles dispersed in the transparent resin and having a refractive index different from that of the transparent resin as a main component is provided.
【0014】この請求項1記載の発明に係る観察者側電
極板によれば、この観察者側電極板に入射した外光は上
記光散乱層で散乱され、かつ、光反射性背面電極板で反
射された後、再度光散乱層で散乱されて出射されること
になるため外光光源の位置に関わりなく表示画面の視野
角を増大することが可能になる。According to the observer-side electrode plate of the first aspect of the invention, the external light incident on the observer-side electrode plate is scattered by the light-scattering layer and is reflected by the light-reflective back electrode plate. After being reflected, it is scattered by the light scattering layer and emitted again, so that the viewing angle of the display screen can be increased regardless of the position of the external light source.
【0015】また、この請求項1に係る発明において上
記光散乱層に入射した光線は、透明樹脂と微粒子との屈
折率の相違に基づきこれらの界面で屈折・反射して散乱
されるため、透明樹脂の屈折率と微粒子の屈折率とは
0.05以上の差異があることが望ましい。In the invention according to claim 1, the light rays incident on the light-scattering layer are refracted / reflected and scattered at the interfaces of the transparent resin and the fine particles due to the difference in refractive index between the transparent resin and the fine particles. It is desirable that the refractive index of the resin and the refractive index of the fine particles have a difference of 0.05 or more.
【0016】そして、上記透明樹脂としては、可視光線
透過率が高く、また液晶表示装置の製造工程中における
熱処理及び薬品処理に対する十分な耐性を具備するもの
が望ましく、例えば、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポ
リエステル樹脂、シリコン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂等が適
用できる。また、液晶表示装置組み立ての際の必要性か
ら、上記光散乱層をパターン状に設ける場合には感光性
と現像性とを有するアクリル系樹脂やエポキシ系樹脂を
利用してもよい。また、熱硬化性樹脂や紫外線硬化型樹
脂を利用することも可能である。The transparent resin is preferably one having a high visible light transmittance and a sufficient resistance to heat treatment and chemical treatment during the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device, for example, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, Polyester resin, silicone resin, polyimide resin or the like can be applied. Further, due to the necessity of assembling the liquid crystal display device, an acrylic resin or epoxy resin having photosensitivity and developability may be used when the light scattering layer is provided in a pattern. It is also possible to use a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin.
【0017】一方、この透明樹脂中に分散される微粒子
としては、無機・有機を問わず高屈折率を有する粒径
0.05〜1.0μmの微粉末が望ましく、無機の微粉
末としては、例えば、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、
酸化鉛、酸化アルミニウム、酸化珪素、酸化マグネシウ
ム、酸化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム等の微粉末あるいはこれら
微粉末の混合物が利用できる。また、これら微粉末はそ
の表面に適当な表面処理を施したものでもよく、このよ
うな表面処理としては、例えば、SiO2 、ZrO2、
Al2O3 、ZnOあるいは有機樹脂で表面を被覆処理
したり、カップリング剤、アルコール、あるいはアミン
や有機酸等で表面反応を生じさせたりする処理が挙げら
れる。また、これら微粒子の形状としては、球形、円盤
形、碁石形、多角形、菱形、正方板形等の任意の形状で
あってよい。On the other hand, as the fine particles dispersed in the transparent resin, fine powder having a high refractive index regardless of whether it is inorganic or organic and having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 1.0 μm is desirable. For example, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide,
Fine powder of lead oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, or the like, or a mixture of these fine powders can be used. Further, these fine powders may be those whose surface has been subjected to a suitable surface treatment. Examples of such surface treatment include SiO 2 , ZrO 2 ,
Examples thereof include a treatment of coating the surface with Al 2 O 3 , ZnO or an organic resin, or a treatment of causing a surface reaction with a coupling agent, alcohol, amine, organic acid or the like. Further, the shape of these fine particles may be any shape such as a spherical shape, a disc shape, a gostone shape, a polygonal shape, a rhombic shape, and a square plate shape.
【0018】ここで、これら微粒子の結晶が光学的異方
性を有する場合、この結晶内部に入射した光線は互いに
その偏光面が直交する二以上の光線に分離し、それぞれ
の光線が異なる速度でこの結晶中を進行するため異なる
位相で出射することになる。そして、互いに位相と偏光
面とが異なる二以上の光線が合成される結果、偏光面が
回転して偏光膜による光透過・遮蔽の制御が困難となり
表示画面のコントラストが低下したり、あるいは偏光面
が直交する二以上の出射光線同志の位相の差が波長に応
じて異なり、従って偏光膜を透過した後の強度が波長に
よって異なるため表示画面に着色が生じたりすることが
ある。これに対し、上記微粒子が等方性を有する場合に
は、この微粒子内に入射した光線の分離が起こらないこ
とから上記偏光膜を利用するタイプの液晶表示装置にお
いても(尚、いわゆる高分子分散液晶やゲストホスト液
晶を使用する表示装置では偏光膜を利用しない)表示画
面のコントラストが高く維持され、かつ、画面の着色も
生じない。請求項2に係る発明はこのような技術的理由
によりなされている。Here, when the crystals of these fine particles have optical anisotropy, the light rays incident inside the crystal are separated into two or more light rays whose polarization planes are orthogonal to each other, and the respective light rays have different velocities. Since the light propagates in this crystal, it is emitted in different phases. Then, as a result of combining two or more light beams having different phases and polarization planes, the polarization plane rotates and it becomes difficult to control the light transmission / shielding by the polarization film, and the contrast of the display screen decreases, or The difference in phase between two or more outgoing light beams orthogonal to each other differs depending on the wavelength, and therefore the intensity after passing through the polarizing film differs depending on the wavelength, which may cause coloring on the display screen. On the other hand, when the fine particles have an isotropic property, the rays incident on the fine particles are not separated from each other. A display device using a liquid crystal or a guest-host liquid crystal does not use a polarizing film.) The contrast of the display screen is kept high, and coloring of the screen does not occur. The invention according to claim 2 is made for such a technical reason.
【0019】すなわち、請求項2に係る発明は、請求項
1記載の発明に係る液晶表示装置用観察者側電極板を前
提とし、上記微粒子が光学的に等方性を有していること
を特徴とするものである。That is, the invention according to claim 2 is based on the observer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, and the fine particles are optically isotropic. It is a feature.
【0020】このような等方性の微粒子としては非晶質
のものが望ましく、例えば、シリカ、ポリ4フッ化エチ
レン、ポリエーテルサルフォン、ポリエーテルエーテル
ケトン、ポリサルフォン、ポリイミド、ポリジビニルベ
ンゼン等が挙げられる。また、これら微粒子の表面に上
記被覆処理や表面反応処理等の適当な表面処理を施した
ものでもよい。また、上記透明樹脂に相溶性がなくかつ
透明樹脂と屈折率の異なる樹脂を透明樹脂内に微粒子状
態で分散させたものであってもよい。これら微粒子を透
明樹脂内に分散させるときには界面活性剤を添加して微
粒子同志の凝集を防ぎ微粒子状態を維持させることがで
きる。Amorphous fine particles are desirable as such isotropic fine particles, and examples thereof include silica, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether sulfone, polyether ether ketone, polysulfone, polyimide and polydivinylbenzene. Can be mentioned. Further, the surface of these fine particles may be subjected to an appropriate surface treatment such as the above-mentioned coating treatment or surface reaction treatment. Further, a resin which is incompatible with the transparent resin and has a refractive index different from that of the transparent resin may be dispersed in the transparent resin in a fine particle state. When these fine particles are dispersed in the transparent resin, a surfactant can be added to prevent the fine particles from coagulating and to maintain the fine particle state.
【0021】尚、上記光散乱層は、微粒子を上記透明樹
脂中に混合・分散して透明基板上に塗布乾燥することに
より形成することが可能である。塗布の方法としてはフ
レキソ印刷法、スクリーン印刷法、オフセット印刷法、
ロールコート法等が適用できる。観察者側電極板内面の
凹凸による液晶物質の配向欠陥を防止して高品質の画面
表示を可能とするため、上記光散乱層は均一な厚みに形
成されることが望ましいが、多少の凹凸の許容される表
示装置(例えば、TN型液晶表示装置、高分子分散型液
晶表示装置、ゲストホスト型液晶表示装置等)において
はその表面に深さ0.1〜1μmの凹凸を設けて可視光
線を散乱させてもよい。このような凹凸は、上記微粒子
としてシリカのアエロジルや酸化チタンのアエロジルを
使用して光散乱層を塗布形成することにより可能であ
る。The light-scattering layer can be formed by mixing and dispersing fine particles in the transparent resin and coating and drying it on a transparent substrate. As a coating method, a flexographic printing method, a screen printing method, an offset printing method,
A roll coating method or the like can be applied. The light scattering layer is preferably formed to have a uniform thickness in order to prevent alignment defects of the liquid crystal substance due to unevenness on the inner surface of the observer-side electrode plate and enable high-quality screen display. In a permissible display device (for example, a TN type liquid crystal display device, a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal display device, a guest host type liquid crystal display device, etc.), the surface thereof is provided with irregularities having a depth of 0.1 to 1 μm, and visible light rays It may be scattered. Such irregularities can be formed by applying a light-scattering layer by using Aerosil of silica or Aerosil of titanium oxide as the fine particles.
【0022】また、請求項1又は2に係る発明におい
て、上記光散乱層に着色材を添加混合することによりこ
の光散乱層を透過する透過光を着色させてカラー画面の
表示が可能となる。また、光散乱層とは別にカラーフィ
ルター層を設けることによっても同様にカラー画面の表
示が可能となる。請求項3及び4に係る発明はこのよう
な技術的理由に基づいてなされている。Further, in the invention according to claim 1 or 2, by adding and mixing a coloring material to the light scattering layer, the transmitted light transmitted through the light scattering layer is colored and a color screen can be displayed. Further, by providing a color filter layer separately from the light scattering layer, it is possible to display a color screen in the same manner. The inventions according to claims 3 and 4 are based on such technical reasons.
【0023】すなわち、請求項3に係る発明は、請求項
1又は2記載の発明に係る液晶表示装置用観察者側電極
板を前提とし、光散乱層が、透過光を着色する着色材を
含有することを特徴とし、他方、請求項4に係る発明
は、観察者側電極板の透明基板が、上記光散乱層と透過
光を着色するカラーフィルター層を具備していることを
特徴とするものである。That is, the invention according to claim 3 is based on the observer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 2, and the light scattering layer contains a coloring material for coloring transmitted light. On the other hand, the invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the transparent substrate of the observer-side electrode plate comprises the light scattering layer and a color filter layer for coloring transmitted light. Is.
【0024】上記請求項3に係る発明において、着色材
としては周知の染料又は顔料が利用でき、例えば上記透
明樹脂中に混合して塗布形成すればよい。また、請求項
3に係る発明においては画素毎に異なる色彩に着色され
た光散乱層を設けることが望ましく、例えば、透明樹脂
に上記微粒子と共に染料又は顔料を混合分散させ画素形
状に印刷することによって形成することができる(印刷
法)。また、上記透明樹脂として感光性のある透明樹脂
を利用し、透明基板上に塗布形成した後、フォトリソグ
ラフィ法に従って画素パターン形状にパターニングし、
次いで残存する上記透明樹脂を染料で染色して形成する
こともできる(染色法)。また、上記透明樹脂として感
光性のある透明樹脂を利用し、この透明樹脂に上記微粒
子と共に顔料を混合分散させて透明基板上に塗布形成し
た後、フォトリソグラフィ法に従って画素パターン形状
にパターニングして形成することができる(顔料分散
法)。尚、これら印刷法、染色法及び顔料分散法のいず
れの場合においても同じ工程を色彩毎に繰り返すことに
より画素毎に異なる色彩に着色した光散乱層を得ること
が可能である。In the invention according to claim 3, a well-known dye or pigment can be used as the coloring material, and for example, it may be formed by mixing in the transparent resin and coating. In the invention according to claim 3, it is desirable to provide a light-scattering layer colored in a different color for each pixel. For example, by mixing and dispersing the fine particles and the dye or pigment in a transparent resin, and printing in a pixel shape. Can be formed (printing method). Further, using a transparent resin having photosensitivity as the transparent resin, after coating and forming on a transparent substrate, patterning into a pixel pattern shape according to a photolithography method,
It is also possible to form the remaining transparent resin by dyeing with a dye (dyeing method). Further, a photosensitive transparent resin is used as the transparent resin, and the fine particles are mixed and dispersed in the transparent resin to form a coating on a transparent substrate, which is then patterned into a pixel pattern according to a photolithography method. Can be performed (pigment dispersion method). In any case of the printing method, the dyeing method, and the pigment dispersion method, it is possible to obtain a light scattering layer colored in different colors for each pixel by repeating the same process for each color.
【0025】他方、請求項4に係るカラーフィルター層
としては周知のものが利用でき、例えば、上記印刷法や
染色法あるいは顔料分散法で製造したカラーフィルター
層を利用することができる。また、この他、着色材を含
む電着樹脂を画素毎に電着させて製造した電着法カラー
フィルター層を利用することも可能である。On the other hand, as the color filter layer according to the fourth aspect, known ones can be used, for example, the color filter layer manufactured by the above-mentioned printing method, dyeing method or pigment dispersion method can be used. In addition to this, it is also possible to use an electrodeposition method color filter layer manufactured by electrodeposition of an electrodeposition resin containing a coloring material for each pixel.
【0026】尚、請求項3及び4に係る発明において、
透過光を着色する着色材の色彩としては光の三原色であ
る赤色、緑色、青色が望ましいが、これら三色に限定さ
るものではなく、上記三原色の補色に該当するシアン、
マゼンタ及びイエローの透明な三色であってもよい。ま
たこれら三原色又はその補色の三色に更に透明な白色を
加えた四色であってもよい。In the inventions according to claims 3 and 4,
As the color of the coloring material for coloring the transmitted light, red, green and blue which are the three primary colors of light are desirable, but not limited to these three colors, cyan corresponding to the complementary colors of the above three primary colors,
It may be three transparent colors of magenta and yellow. Further, it may be four colors obtained by adding transparent white to these three primary colors or their complementary colors.
【0027】また、請求項1〜4に係る観察者側電極板
に適用される透明電極としては、酸化インジウムの中に
ドーパントとして酸化錫を添加して成るITO薄膜、酸
化インジウムの中に酸化チタン、酸化鉛、酸化アンチモ
ン、酸化ビスマス、酸化ハフニウムあるいは酸化イット
リウムを添加して成る薄膜、酸化亜鉛に酸化アルミニウ
ムを添加して成る薄膜、あるいはこれらの薄膜を多数積
層して成る多層膜が利用できる。The transparent electrode applied to the observer-side electrode plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is an ITO thin film formed by adding tin oxide as a dopant to indium oxide, and titanium oxide in indium oxide. , Lead oxide, antimony oxide, bismuth oxide, hafnium oxide, or yttrium oxide may be added, a thin film formed by adding aluminum oxide to zinc oxide, or a multilayer film formed by stacking a large number of these thin films.
【0028】[0028]
【作用】請求項1〜4記載の発明に係る観察者側電極板
によれば、透明基板に、透明樹脂とこの透明樹脂中に分
散されかつこの透明樹脂と屈折率が異なる微粒子とを主
成分とする光散乱層を設けており、この観察者側電極板
に入射した外光は上記光散乱層で散乱され、かつ、観察
者側電極板に対向して配置された光反射性背面電極板で
反射された後、再度光散乱層で散乱されて出射されるこ
とになるため、外光光源の位置に関わりなく表示画面の
視野角を増大させることが可能になる。According to the observer-side electrode plate of the present invention, the transparent substrate is composed of a transparent resin and fine particles dispersed in the transparent resin and having a refractive index different from that of the transparent resin. A light-scattering layer is provided, and external light incident on the observer-side electrode plate is scattered by the light-scattering layer and is also a light-reflective back electrode plate that is arranged to face the observer-side electrode plate. After being reflected by, the light is scattered again by the light scattering layer and emitted, so that the viewing angle of the display screen can be increased regardless of the position of the external light source.
【0029】[0029]
【実施例】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施例につい
て詳細に説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
【0030】[実施例1]この実施例に係る液晶表示装
置用観察者側電極板は、図1に示すように厚さ0.7m
mのガラス基板11と、このガラス基板11上の画面表
示領域に一様に設けられた厚さ0.9μmの四角形状の
光散乱層12と、この光散乱層12を被覆して一様に設
けられた厚さ0.14μmのITO薄膜から成る略四角
形状の透明電極13とでその主要部が構成されている。
尚、上記光散乱層12は熱硬化型アクリル−エポキシ樹
脂に固形比で約15重量%のシリカアエロジル(粒径
0.1μm)を均一に分散させたもので構成されてお
り、その表面は深さ0.1〜0.5μmの微細な凹凸を
備えている。Example 1 An observer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device according to this example has a thickness of 0.7 m as shown in FIG.
m glass substrate 11, a square light scattering layer 12 having a thickness of 0.9 μm uniformly provided in the screen display area on the glass substrate 11, and the light scattering layer 12 is uniformly covered The substantially rectangular transparent electrode 13 made of an ITO thin film having a thickness of 0.14 μm and the main part thereof are provided.
The light-scattering layer 12 is composed of a thermosetting acrylic-epoxy resin in which silica aerosil (particle diameter 0.1 μm) with a solid ratio of about 15% by weight is uniformly dispersed, and the surface thereof is deep. It has fine irregularities of 0.1 to 0.5 μm.
【0031】尚、この光散乱層12は、上記シリカアエ
ロジルと熱硬化型アクリル−エポキシ樹脂とを溶剤に添
加しかつ混合してインキ化し、フレキソ印刷により印刷
して形成されたものである。The light-scattering layer 12 is formed by adding silica aerosil and a thermosetting acrylic-epoxy resin to a solvent, mixing them to form an ink, and printing by flexographic printing.
【0032】[実施例2]この実施例に係る液晶表示装
置用背面電極板は、図2に示すように厚さ1.1mmの
ガラス基板21と、このガラス基板21上の画面表示領
域内の画素パターンに対応して設けられた厚さ約1.8
μmで三色(赤色、緑色、青色)の光散乱層22R、2
2G、22Bと、この光散乱層22R、22G、22B
を被覆して一様に設けられた厚さ0.12μmのITO
薄膜から成る略四角形状の透明電極23とでその主要部
が構成されている。尚、上記光散乱層22R、22G、
22Bはエポキシ樹脂を樹脂成分とする有機顔料インキ
に更に固形比で約5重量%のポリ4フッ化エチレンの微
粉末(粒径0.3μm以下)を分散させたもので構成さ
れている。[Embodiment 2] A back electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment is, as shown in FIG. 2, a glass substrate 21 having a thickness of 1.1 mm and a screen display area on the glass substrate 21. About 1.8 thickness provided corresponding to the pixel pattern
Three-color (red, green, blue) light-scattering layers 22R, 2
2G, 22B and the light scattering layers 22R, 22G, 22B
0.12 μm thick ITO uniformly covering and
The main part is composed of the transparent electrode 23 having a substantially rectangular shape formed of a thin film. The light scattering layers 22R, 22G,
22B is composed of an organic pigment ink containing an epoxy resin as a resin component and further dispersed with fine powder of polytetrafluoroethylene (particle size: 0.3 μm or less) at a solid ratio of about 5% by weight.
【0033】そして、この光散乱層は、上記ポリ4フッ
化エチレン微粉末が分散されたインキをグラビアオフセ
ット印刷して形成されたものである。The light scattering layer is formed by gravure offset printing the ink in which the fine polytetrafluoroethylene powder is dispersed.
【0034】[実施例3]この実施例に係る液晶表示装
置用背面電極板は、図3に示すように厚さ0.7mmの
ガラス基板31と、このガラス基板31の画面表示領域
内の画素と画素との間隙部位(110μmピッチ)に設
けられ黒色染料で染色された樹脂から成る厚さ1μmの
ブラックストライプ35と、画素部位に設けられた三色
(赤色、緑色、青色)のカラーフィルター層34R、3
4G、34Bと、これらブラックストライプ36及びカ
ラーフィルター層34R、34G、34Bを被覆して画
面表示領域の全面に一様に設けられた厚さ1μmの光散
乱層32と、この光散乱層32を被覆して一様に設けら
れた厚さ0.12μmのITO薄膜から成る略四角形状
の透明電極33とでその主要部が構成されている。尚、
上記光散乱層32はフェノール−ノボラック系感光性樹
脂に固形比で約6重量%のポリ4フッ化エチレンの微粉
末(粒径0.3μm以下)を分散させたもので構成され
ている。[Embodiment 3] A back electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment is, as shown in FIG. 3, a glass substrate 31 having a thickness of 0.7 mm and pixels in a screen display area of the glass substrate 31. 1 μm thick black stripe 35 made of resin dyed with a black dye and provided in a gap portion (110 μm pitch) between the pixel and the pixel, and three color (red, green, blue) color filter layers provided in the pixel portion. 34R, 3
4G, 34B, a light-scattering layer 32 having a thickness of 1 μm, which is uniformly provided on the entire surface of the screen display region by covering the black stripe 36 and the color filter layers 34R, 34G, 34B, and the light-scattering layer 32. Its main part is composed of a substantially quadrangular transparent electrode 33 formed of an ITO thin film having a thickness of 0.12 μm, which is uniformly covered and provided. still,
The light-scattering layer 32 is formed by dispersing a fine powder of polytetrafluoroethylene (particle size: 0.3 μm or less) at a solid ratio of about 6% by weight in a phenol-novolac photosensitive resin.
【0035】そして、この光散乱層32は、ポリ4フッ
化エチレン微粉末が分散された上記感光性樹脂をブラッ
クストライプ35及びカラーフィルター層34R、34
G、34B上に塗布形成し、かつ、フォトリソグラフィ
法に従って形成されたものである。In the light scattering layer 32, the photosensitive resin in which polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder is dispersed is used as the black stripe 35 and the color filter layers 34R, 34.
It is formed by coating on G and 34B and by a photolithography method.
【0036】また、上記カラーフィルター層34R、3
4G、34Bは、エポキシ樹脂を樹脂成分とし、110
μmピッチで、120μm幅(約10μmは隣接するカ
ラーフィルター層に重畳する)で印刷して形成されたも
のである。Further, the color filter layers 34R, 3R
4G and 34B have an epoxy resin as a resin component, and 110
It is formed by printing with a pitch of 120 μm and a width of 120 μm (about 10 μm overlaps with an adjacent color filter layer).
【0037】[0037]
【発明の効果】請求項1〜4に係る発明によれば、観察
者側基板に設けられた光散乱層によって光を散乱させて
表示画面の視野角を増大させることが可能になるため、
各画素に対応した複数の電極を設ける背面電極板に光散
乱処理を施す必要がない。According to the inventions according to claims 1 to 4, since the light scattering layer provided on the observer side substrate can scatter light to increase the viewing angle of the display screen.
There is no need to perform light scattering treatment on the back electrode plate provided with a plurality of electrodes corresponding to each pixel.
【0038】従って、反射型アクティブマトリクス液晶
表示装置を製造する際の工程が簡略化されるため、生産
効率と収率が著しく向上する効果を有している。Therefore, the manufacturing process of the reflection type active matrix liquid crystal display device is simplified, so that the production efficiency and the yield are significantly improved.
【図1】実施例1に係る観察者側電極板の断面図。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an observer-side electrode plate according to a first embodiment.
【図2】実施例2に係る観察者側電極板の断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an observer-side electrode plate according to Example 2.
【図3】実施例3に係る観察者側電極板の断面図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an observer-side electrode plate according to Example 3.
【図4】従来例に係る液晶表示装置の断面図。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a conventional example.
【図5】従来例に係る背面電極板の断面図。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a back electrode plate according to a conventional example.
【図6】従来例に係る背面電極板の断面図。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a back electrode plate according to a conventional example.
【図7】従来例に係る液晶表示装置の断面図。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a conventional example.
11 ガラス基板 12 光散乱層 13 透明電極 21 ガラス基板 23 透明電極 31 ガラス基板 32 光散乱層 33 透明電極 22R 光散乱層 22G 光散乱層 22B 光散乱層 34R カラーフィルター層 34G カラーフィルター層 34B カラーフィルター層 11 Glass Substrate 12 Light Scattering Layer 13 Transparent Electrode 21 Glass Substrate 23 Transparent Electrode 31 Glass Substrate 32 Light Scattering Layer 33 Transparent Electrode 22R Light Scattering Layer 22G Light Scattering Layer 22B Light Scattering Layer 34R Color Filter Layer 34G Color Filter Layer 34B Color Filter Layer
Claims (4)
板の画面表示領域内にパターン状に設けられた光反射性
背面電極板と、この背面電極板に対向して配置されかつ
透明基板の上記画面表示領域に対応する部位に一様に設
けられた透明電極を有する観察者側電極板と、これ等の
電極板間に封入された液晶物質とを備え、この液晶物質
に対し画素毎に電圧を印加して画面表示する液晶表示装
置用の上記観察者側電極板において、 上記透明基板に、透明樹脂とこの透明樹脂中に分散され
かつこの透明樹脂と屈折率が異なる微粒子とを主成分と
する光散乱層を設けたことを特徴とする液晶表示装置用
観察者側電極板。1. A light-reflective back electrode plate in which a plurality of electrodes corresponding to respective rectangular pixels are provided in a pattern in a screen display area of a substrate, and a transparent back electrode plate is disposed so as to face the back electrode plate. An observer-side electrode plate having transparent electrodes uniformly provided on a portion of the substrate corresponding to the screen display region and a liquid crystal substance enclosed between these electrode plates are provided, and a pixel is formed for the liquid crystal substance. In the above-mentioned observer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device in which a voltage is applied for each screen display, a transparent resin and fine particles having a refractive index different from that of the transparent resin dispersed in the transparent resin are provided on the transparent substrate. An observer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device, which is provided with a light-scattering layer as a main component.
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置用観察者
側電極板。2. The observer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the fine particles are optically isotropic.
を含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の液晶
表示装置用観察者側電極板。3. The observer-side electrode plate for a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light scattering layer contains a coloring material for coloring transmitted light.
層と透過光を着色するカラーフィルター層を具備してい
ることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の液晶表示装置
用観察者側電極板。4. The liquid crystal display observing device according to claim 1, wherein the transparent substrate of the viewer-side electrode plate comprises the light scattering layer and a color filter layer for coloring transmitted light. Person side electrode plate.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5241859A JP2976773B2 (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Observer side electrode plate for reflective liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5241859A JP2976773B2 (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Observer side electrode plate for reflective liquid crystal display |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH0798446A true JPH0798446A (en) | 1995-04-11 |
JP2976773B2 JP2976773B2 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
Family
ID=17080582
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6018379A (en) * | 1995-06-13 | 2000-01-25 | Nec Corporation | Reflective LCD having a particular scattering means |
JP2002268053A (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-18 | Kyocera Corp | Color liquid crystal display device |
JP2002275432A (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-09-25 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Adhesive for color filter having light scattering property and transcriptive color filter |
JP2003084121A (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-03-19 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Color filter and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2005112446A (en) * | 2003-10-10 | 2005-04-28 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Glass sheet shipping case |
KR100805161B1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2008-02-21 | 도판 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 | Electrode substrate for reflection type liquid crystal display device and reflection type liquid crystal display device |
US20140374734A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-12-25 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Substrate for organic electronic device |
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1993
- 1993-09-28 JP JP5241859A patent/JP2976773B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6266112B1 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 2001-07-24 | Nec Corporation | Reflective liquid crystal display |
US6018379A (en) * | 1995-06-13 | 2000-01-25 | Nec Corporation | Reflective LCD having a particular scattering means |
KR100805161B1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2008-02-21 | 도판 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 | Electrode substrate for reflection type liquid crystal display device and reflection type liquid crystal display device |
JP2002268053A (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-18 | Kyocera Corp | Color liquid crystal display device |
JP2002275432A (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2002-09-25 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Adhesive for color filter having light scattering property and transcriptive color filter |
JP2003084121A (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-03-19 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Color filter and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2005112446A (en) * | 2003-10-10 | 2005-04-28 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Glass sheet shipping case |
US20140374734A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-12-25 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Substrate for organic electronic device |
JP2015517178A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2015-06-18 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Substrates for organic electronic devices |
JP2015518234A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2015-06-25 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Substrates for organic electronic devices |
EP2830111A4 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2015-12-30 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Substrate for organic electronic device |
US9530979B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2016-12-27 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Substrate for organic electronic device |
US9666828B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2017-05-30 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a substrate for organic electronic devices |
US9698366B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2017-07-04 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Substrate for organic electronic device |
US9716242B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2017-07-25 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Substrate for organic electronic device |
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