JPH0794939B2 - Ice storage method for heat storage - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an ice making method for storing ice heat for air conditioning.

[Conventional technology]

In an ice storage air conditioning system, the water in the heat storage water tank is continuously passed through a cooler installed outside the tank, where supercooled water below 0 ° C is continuously produced, and this continuous flow of supercooled water is used. An ice making method has been proposed in which ice is returned to a heat storage water tank to precipitate ice from supercooled water. Such an ice making method has an advantage over the method of producing ice on the wall surface of the heat transfer tube in that the heat transfer tube wall surface is not iced, so that the heat transfer efficiency is good, and the apparatus is compact because it is a continuous process. .

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 62-147271 discloses an example of such a method for producing supercooled water, and if the flow velocity of water on the heat transfer surface for cooling is higher than a predetermined value, icing will occur on the heat transfer surface. It teaches that the supercooled water can be continuously taken out without the need.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

When continuously producing supercooled water and precipitating ice from the continuous flow of the supercooled water (releasing the supercooling phenomenon), the supercooled water is produced as described in JP-A-62-147271. With the method of continuously supplying to the heat storage tank, it is expected that ice will precipitate at the supply position (water surface of the heat storage water tank), but if supercooled water is continuously supplied to that position, the ice will be deposited at that position. The ice continues to grow in the upstream direction of the flow of supercooled water, forming ice blocks like the so-called ice waterfall. If this phenomenon continues, ice will eventually deposit even at the outlet of the supercooled water, causing clogging of the supply pipe of the supercooled water, which will reduce the flow velocity in the heat transfer tube and cause icing in the heat transfer tube. As a result, continuous production of supercooled water cannot be established in principle. Further, since it is most preferable to store the ice heat in a mixed state of so-called sherbet ice and water in which fine ice particles are dispersed in water, the formation of ice blocks is not preferable in this respect either.

On the other hand, if supercooled water below 0 ° C accumulates in the heat storage tank without releasing the supercooling phenomenon, this supercooled water is pumped by a pump to a cooler for supercooled water production or a heat exchanger for air conditioning load. Finally, by applying dynamic energy from the pump, the supercooling phenomenon is released and precipitates during feeding, causing icing in the pump and piping, causing trouble.

Therefore, in the continuous production method of supercooled water, it is difficult to release the supercooling phenomenon from the continuous flow of supercooled water to continuously deposit fine ice, and this problem cannot be solved. It is no exaggeration to say that the supercooled water manufacturing method cannot be applied to ice storage.

The present invention aims to solve this problem.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention produces supercooled water of 0 ° C or less by passing water in a heat storage tank to a cooler, and supplies a continuous flow of this supercooled water to the upstream side of a gutter equipped with a piezoelectric element. The supercooled state is released in the trough while applying ultrasonic vibration to the fluid flowing through the trough by energizing the piezoelectric element, and the mixed fluid of ice and water released from the supercooled state is introduced from the downstream side of the trough. It is characterized in that it is returned to the heat storage tank of (1), thereby achieving the above-mentioned object.

That is, instead of directly supplying the continuous flow of the supercooled water produced by the cooler to the heat storage water tank, the supercooling phenomenon is continuously received while being received by the gutter and forming a continuous flow in the gutter. The basic point of the present invention is to release the supercooling phenomenon and to attach a piezoelectric element to a gutter to positively release the supercooling phenomenon and to apply ultrasonic vibration to the continuous flow of the supercooling water. There are features.

In practicing the present invention, the gutter should be installed with a slight inclination, and the supercooled water flowing from the supercooled water outlet is dropped toward the upstream side of the high side of the gutter and gravity is applied to the inside of the inclined gutter. A structure that forms a series of continuous flows that naturally flow to the low side and are preferably dropped through a weir into a heat storage water tank, and a piezoelectric element that applies ultrasonic vibration is attached to the bottom and sides of the gutter. Keep it. As a cooler for producing supercooled water, water is continuously passed through the heat transfer tube or outside the heat transfer tube at a specified flow rate, and is cooled to below 0 ° C through the wall without icing on the wall. You can use whatever format you can. For example, a multi-tube heat exchanger, a single-body heat exchanger, a coil heat exchanger, or the like can be applied to the present invention. Such a heat exchanger may function as an evaporator of a heat pump or may directly pass the refrigerator brine.

According to the method of the present invention, even if the supercooled water is continuously supplied to the upstream side of the gutter, a continuous flow is formed toward the downstream side of the gutter and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the bottom and side parts of the gutter. Therefore, at the supply position, the ice block is prevented from growing in the upstream direction of the flow, and the supercooled state is completely released by ultrasonic vibration while flowing to the downstream side of the gutter. It is a mixed fluid of ice and water where ice no longer precipitates when it comes out. By supplying the mixed fluid from which the supercooled state has been released to the heat storage tank, the above-mentioned problems such as generation of ice blocks in the heat storage tank and supercooled water flowing to the pumping system are effectively solved.

Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall arrangement of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. 1 is a heat storage tank, 2 is a cooler, 3 is a refrigerator, 4 is a discharge pipe of supercooled water, and water in the heat storage tank 1 is continuously supplied to a cooler 2 via a water supply pipe line 6 by a pump 5,
While passing through the cooler 2, the supercooled water having a temperature of 0 ° C. or lower is cooled, and the supercooled water is continuously discharged from the discharge pipe 4.
The brine of the refrigerator 3 is supplied to the cooler 2 as a cooling medium, and the cooler 2 transfers the cold heat of the brine to water through the pipe wall to continuously produce supercooled water. The flow velocity of the water flowing through the cooler 2 is appropriately adjusted so that supercooled water of 0 ° C. or less can be continuously obtained without icing on the tube wall of the cooler 2.

In such an apparatus for continuously producing supercooled water, in the present invention, the gutter 7 receives the supercooled water flowing out from the discharge pipe 4. The gutter 7 is installed with its longitudinal axis slightly inclined from the horizontal, and has a simple structure in which the fluid naturally flows from the high side to the low side by using gravity. The discharge port of the discharge pipe 4 is directed to the upper side. It is preferable that the discharge port of the discharge pipe 4 and the gutter 7 are provided with a slight distance so that the supercooled water flowing out from the discharge pipe 4 falls into the atmosphere for a while and then enters the gutter 7. A piezoelectric element 8 for applying ultrasonic vibration is attached to the bottom of the gutter 7, and when the piezoelectric element 8 is energized via an oscillator 9, the gutter 7 itself causes ultrasonic vibration, and a fluid flowing in the gutter 7 flows. Apply ultrasonic vibration to.

10 is a general term for air conditioners and other heat exchangers to cover the air conditioning load, and the water in the heat storage tank 1 is supplied to the load 10 via the outflow pipe 11 so that the air conditioning of the building is achieved. The return water is returned to the heat storage tank 1 through the return pipe 12. At that time, the return water may be sprayed to the heat storage tank 1 via the water spraying device 13.

2 and 3 are enlarged views of the part of the gutter 7 in FIG. A contact plate 14 is provided at the extreme end of the upstream side A (high side) of the gutter 7, and a weir plate 15 is provided at the extreme end of the downstream side B (low side). The weir board 15 is both side boards 16 of the gutter 7.
Lower height.

Now, when the discharge pipe 4 is installed above the upstream side A and the supercooled water 17 is continuously dropped from the discharge pipe 4 into the gutter 7, first, at the drop point 18, the impact of the drop and the ultrasonic vibration are generated. Upon receipt, the supercooled state is released and a mixture of water and ice is formed. Since the gutter 7 is inclined, this mixture flows out toward the downstream side B, and the mixture is prevented from staying at the falling point 18. Further, while the fluid of this mixture flows in the trough 7 toward the downstream side B, the piezoelectric element 8 receives ultrasonic vibration, and the vibration energy further releases the supercooled state. In this way, the supercooled state is released during transportation from the upstream side A to the downstream side B,
It is a feature of the present invention that when falling from the barrier plate 15, ice is no longer deposited from water. That is, according to the method of the present invention, even if the flow rate and the degree of supercooling of the supercooled water are set to any range depending on the apparatus conditions, and the generation rate and the growth rate of ice differ according to them, the gutter 7 By appropriately adjusting the transportation distance and the time, the supercooled state can be completely released when flowing out from the barrier plate 15. At that time, if the reversing flow is generated in the gutter 7 by the dam plate 15, the time during transportation in which ultrasonic vibration is applied can be increased, and the fine ice is completely supercooled during this transportation. The condition is released, and the ice cream becomes a marimo-like form with a collection of fine ice.

In implementing the present invention, the gutter 7 is installed so that its inclination can be freely adjusted, and is set to the most appropriate inclination according to operating conditions (amount of supercooled water, temperature, drop height, etc.). Good to do.

In this way, according to the method of the present invention, the precipitation of ice from the continuous flow of supercooled water can be continuously continued without being retained at the precipitation position, and the supercooled state is completely released in the heat storage tank. The fluid in which the fine ice in the separated state is dispersed in water is continuously introduced. Therefore, the formation of ice blocks in the heat storage tank and the presence of supercooled water in the heat storage tank are prevented, and the above-described object of the present invention is effectively achieved. In the method of the present invention, the supercooled state is continuously released by a device in which a piezoelectric element is attached to an extremely simple structure called a gutter. Therefore, the device structure is simple, and a small amount is continuously added. Since it is processed in the above manner, the release of the supercooled state can be completed more completely, and it provides a very useful method when the continuous production method of supercooled water is applied to ice heat storage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall equipment layout system diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a gutter used in the method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the gutter. 1 ... Heat storage tank, 2 ... Cooler, 3 ... Refrigerator, 4 ... Supercooled water discharge pipe, 5 ... Pump, 7 ... Gutter, 8 ... Piezoelectric element, 9 ... Oscillator, 10 ...... Heat exchanger for air conditioning load, 15 …… Gutter weir.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A supercooled water having a temperature of 0 ° C. or less is produced by passing water in a heat storage tank through a cooler, and a continuous flow of the supercooled water is supplied to an upstream side of a gutter equipped with a piezoelectric element. , The supercooled state is released in the trough while applying ultrasonic vibration to the fluid flowing through the trough by energizing the piezoelectric element, and the mixed fluid of ice and water released from the supercooled state is discharged from the downstream side of the gutter. An ice making method for heat storage, which comprises returning to the heat storage tank.