JPH079305B2 - Air conditioning and hot water supply equipment - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioning / hot water supply facility for an apartment house or a building or a group of buildings having a plurality of air conditioning / hot water supply zones.

Conventional technology Air-conditioning and hot-water supply and hot-water supply in apartment houses in Japan are roughly classified into the centralized type and individual unit type. The centralized type has a residential building or a group of residential buildings as a unit and has heat source and cold source equipment to cover the heat demand of each residential unit included in them, and distributes energy to each residential unit by a heat medium such as cold and warm water. Each of the dwelling units has a structure for providing cold / hot water for heating / cooling via a radiator or for supplying hot water directly or by exchanging heat. On the other hand, in the individual dwelling unit method, a boiler, a heating device, a cooling device, etc. are installed in each dwelling unit, and air conditioning and hot water supply are performed within the management range of each dwelling unit. Looking at the diffusion of these two methods, in Japan, there are very few centralized types and individual dwelling units are common.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The central heating / cooling / hot water supply facility in the above-mentioned housing complex has the following problems at present. First, in these conventional methods, the heat loss in the heat storage state and the transport state of the heat medium is extremely large. This is mainly due to the large difference between the heat medium temperature and the ambient temperature in the open air or in the house. That is, the difference between the warm water and the outside temperature reaches 50 ° C or more in the winter, and the difference between the outside temperature and the cold water reaches 20 ° C or more in the summer. Such a large temperature difference is
Even if the heat storage equipment and piping are thermally insulated, it causes a considerable amount of heat loss to the entire system. The second is the problem of the piping system. In other words, air-conditioning pipes can be used together because the seasons of use do not overlap, but hot water needs to be installed separately from air-conditioning pipes because demand is generated throughout the year. This is a cause of increased costs.

As described above, the problem of such centralized type facilities is the background to the spread of individual dwelling unit type facilities in Japan.

On the other hand, the individual dwelling unit type equipment is a convenient method for dwelling units because it can be operated by any unit and can be managed by each unit, but unlike the general office building The lifestyles of individuals are diverse, and the daily fluctuations in energy consumption are large. In addition, despite the fact that dwelling units are originally concentrated in collective housing, economies of scale in terms of energy cannot be exhibited. As a result of these facts, heating and cooling
Since it is difficult to save energy for hot water supply and demand fluctuations are large, it causes a problem of burdening the energy supply infrastructure of cities.

The present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to save energy for cooling / heating / hot water supply to a plurality of cooling / heating / hot water supply zones in an apartment house or a general building.

Means for Solving Problems A cooling / heating / hot water supply facility of the present invention includes a central heat source unit installed in a dwelling or a group of dwellings, a dwelling unit heat conversion unit installed in each dwelling unit, and a heat medium transfer path connecting them. As the main component,
The heating medium is a water heating medium in the cooling / heating source and the heat storage tank,
The heat medium supplied to the heat conversion device is an air heat medium that has exchanged heat with the water heat source, and the temperature of the heat medium is set to a range higher than the cooling cold water temperature and lower than the heating warm water temperature.

The centralized heat source section collects heat from the centralized heat storage tank that stores a heat medium having an intermediate temperature with respect to hot water or cold water used for normal heating and cooling / hot water supply and heat acquisition and heat release to maintain the heat medium at an intermediate temperature. It consists of a cooling heat source to perform.

In the above-mentioned configuration, the cooling heat source in the centralized heat source section acquires or releases heat to the heat storage tank to maintain the heat medium in the heat storage tank at a medium temperature higher than the cooling cold water temperature and lower than the cooling hot water temperature, After heat exchange of medium temperature water heat medium to air heat medium,
The dwelling unit heat conversion section, which is transported to each dwelling unit through the heat medium transport path, includes a heat pump of each dwelling unit, acquires heat from or releases heat from the medium temperature heat medium, and performs predetermined heating and cooling / hot water supply.

Embodiment Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a system block diagram showing the configuration of the cooling and heating / hot water supply equipment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a central heat source device for delivering a heat medium to each house in a house or a group of houses, which is used in the winter for keeping the heat storage tank 11 and the heat medium in the heat storage tank 11 at a desired medium temperature. It is composed of a heating / cooling source 12 composed of a heat acquisition device and a heat releasing device in summer, and a heating medium transfer device 13 connected to a heating medium transfer path 31. Reference numeral 4 denotes a heat exchange section and a heat medium drive section for exchanging heat between the water heat medium in the heat storage tank 11 and the air heat medium conveyed to each dwelling unit. The heat medium exchanged here is the heat medium conveyance path. It is transported to each dwelling unit along 32. 2 is a heat conversion device individually installed in each dwelling unit, and the example of equipment for one unit is shown in the figure. 21 and 22 in the heat conversion device 2 are heat pumps that both absorb or radiate heat from the heat medium and supply the amount of cooling and heating required for cooling and heating and hot water supply of each dwelling unit, 21 is a heat pump for cooling and heating, and 22 is a heat pump for hot water supply. Is. Also,
Reference numeral 23 is a bath exhaust heat recovery device for recovering the hot waste water of the bath and supplying it to the heat medium, which is composed of a heat exchanger or a heat pump. 24 is a heat medium flow path in each dwelling unit.

The operation of the equipment of the present invention is as follows. For example, in the summer, the heat / cool source 12 includes heat pumps, groundwater,
By using river water, purified water from wastewater, circulating a heat medium in underground pipes, or using a cooling tower, the heat medium can be easily heated to 20 to 25 ° C. Such a medium-temperature heat medium is stored in the heat storage tank 11, and the heat medium satisfying the required heat amount of each dwelling unit is directly exchanged with the heat medium transfer device 13 such as a pump or the heat exchange section 4 to exchange the heat medium with other heat medium. The heat medium is converted into a medium and is conveyed to the heat medium passage 24 of each dwelling unit by the heat medium conveying passage 32, and the heat medium exiting the heat medium passage 24 is the heat medium conveying passages 32, 3
It is circulated to the heat storage tank 11 through 1. In the case of air conditioning, each dwelling unit radiates heat into an intermediate temperature heat medium by an air conditioning heat pump 21, and the hot water supply heat pump 22 absorbs heat from the heat medium. In this case, the time zones of cooling and hot water supply are not necessarily the same, but the heat absorption and the heat radiation are mutually recovered and utilized through the heat storage tank 11, so that energy saving operation can be performed. Moreover, since the heat medium temperature is medium, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, which is one of the centralized heat sources, is significantly improved. Also, in each unit, the coefficient of performance of the heating and cooling heat pump 21 is remarkably improved as compared with the case of radiating heat to the outside air around 30 ° C. in the conventional summer.

In addition, the heat medium accumulated in the heat storage tank 11 or the heat medium carrying path
As mentioned above, the heat medium transferred at 31 is of medium temperature, and the difference between it and the environmental temperature in the basement or building where these facilities are installed is small compared to direct transfer of cold / hot water, so heat loss is small. I have The bath exhaust heat recovery device 23 applies the bath exhaust heat to the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow path 24 to recover the bath exhaust heat.

On the other hand, in the winter season, a solar heat collector can be used as the centralized heat source facility in addition to the facility similar to the summer season. Also in this case, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump and the heat collection efficiency of the solar heat collector can be remarkably improved by the equipment configuration of the present invention and the setting of the heat medium temperature, as in the case of the summer, and the heating / hot water supply heat pump in the dwelling unit 21 The coefficient of performance of 22 is significantly improved by the heat absorption from the medium temperature heating medium compared with the heat absorption from the outside air. The heat medium temperature can be set relatively arbitrarily in a temperature range higher than the cold water temperature used for normal cooling in the winter and lower than the hot water used for normal heating in the summer. In actual operation, it is desirable that the temperature is lower than the outside temperature in the daytime in the summer, for example, 30 ° C. or less, and 10 ° C or more in the winter, from the viewpoint of the efficiency of the entire equipment, and those temperature ranges are recommended.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, water is used as the heat medium in the centralized heat source device 1, and medium temperature water is exchanged with the air heat medium by the heat exchange / heat medium drive unit 4 and conveyed to each dwelling unit from the heat medium conveyance path 32. To be done. As the concentrated cooling and heating source 12, the solar heat collector 121 for the winter season, the winter season,
An air heat source heat pump 122 was used for summer. Heat pump 21 for heating and cooling of each unit and heat pump for hot water supply
22 is constituted by an air heat source heat pump in this embodiment. Also in this embodiment, the same energy saving effect as in the previous example can be obtained.

The above configuration can be applied not only to an apartment house in which a plurality of dwelling units are gathered in one building, but also to a general building or a group of buildings having a plurality of heating / cooling / hot water zones.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, the heat storage of the centralized heat source unit used for heating / cooling / hot water supply and the heat transfer to each dwelling unit are performed through the medium temperature medium, and the heating / cooling / dwelling unit at each dwelling unit is used. Heat acquisition and heat radiation related to hot water supply are performed by a heat pump via the heat source, and the heat medium is a water heat medium in the cooling / heating heat source and the heat storage tank, and the heat medium supplied to the heat conversion device is the water heat medium. Since it is an air heat medium that is heat-exchanged with the medium, it has the following remarkable effects.

(1) The heat loss in the heat storage tank is extremely low throughout the year.

(2) The heat loss during heat transfer is extremely low throughout the year.

(3) The hot water supply absorbs heat from the heat medium, and the cooling heat radiates to the heat medium, so that it is possible to collect and mutually use the heat source of the dwelling unit, and energy saving is high.

(4) Since the heat transfer medium is a water heat transfer medium in the cooling / heating source and the heat storage tank, and the heat transfer medium supplied to the heat conversion device is an air heat transfer medium heat-exchanged with the water heat source, water is transferred to the heat transfer medium passage. Since there is no corrosion or water leakage due to the heat medium, the heat medium can always be circulated safely and efficiently.

(5) Since the heat source temperature is an intermediate temperature, it is possible to operate with a high coefficient of performance and high heat collection efficiency when using a heat pump, a solar energy utilization system, etc. as a central heat source.

(6) As a heat source, it is possible to efficiently use a heat source having a medium temperature throughout the year such as groundwater, underground heat, and river water.

(7) Since individual heat pumps are used for heating, cooling, and hot water supply in each dwelling unit via a heat medium, the coefficient of performance is higher than in the conventional example, and the free driving operation corresponding to the needs of each dwelling unit is the same as the conventional individual method. Is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioning / hot water supply device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Centralized heat source equipment, 2 ... Heat exchange device, 4 ... Heat exchange / heat medium drive unit, 11 ... Heat storage tank, 12 ... Cooling and heating source, 13 ...
Heat medium transfer device, 21 …… Heat pump for heating and cooling, 22 …… Heat pump for hot water supply, 23 …… Bath exhaust heat recovery device, 24 …… Heat medium flow path, 31,32 …… Heat medium delivery path, 121 …… Sun Heat collector,
122 …… Heat pump.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Tsunehiko Tachida 1-3-1, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within Tokyo Electric Power Company (72) Inventor Hitoshi Sakurai 3-4-1-17, Etchujima, Koto-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Masahito Tezuka 1006, Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) Bibliographic references Sho 49-43046 (JP, Y2) Sho 60-569 ( JP, Y2) Denki Shoin, editorial department, “Heat pump guidebook” (Sho 60-2-10) Denki Shoin P. 32-37

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heat source device having a heat conversion device arranged in each of a plurality of cooling / heating / hot water supply zones, a heat source device provided in common for each heat conversion device, and having a cooling / heating heat source and a heat storage tank, and the heat conversion device. In a heating / cooling / hot water supply facility equipped with a heat medium transport path that connects each of the above and a heat source device, the heat medium is a water heat medium in the cooling / heating heat source and the heat storage tank, and flows through the heat medium transport path to the heat conversion device. The heating medium to be supplied is an air heating medium that is heat-exchanged with the water heating medium, and the temperature of the heating medium is set to a range higher than the cooling cold water temperature and lower than the heating warm water temperature. Facility. 2. The cooling and heating / hot water supply facility according to claim 1, wherein the cooling / heating source is any one of a solar heat collector, a heat pump, ground water, river water, purified waste water, and a cooling tower, or a combination thereof.