JPH0761652B2 - Rubber hose vulcanization method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for vulcanizing rubber hoses.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to vulcanize an unvulcanized rubber hose, it is often carried out by placing it in a vulcanizing can and introducing pressurized steam, but such a method is a batch type. Workability was not good, and there was a drawback that the production of small lots was costly. Further, continuous vulcanization using hot air at atmospheric pressure has been proposed, but it was difficult to adopt such a method particularly in the case of a rubber hose having a reinforcing fiber layer. . That is, in the case of the hose, when the temperature of hot air at normal pressure is set to a high vulcanization temperature and vulcanization is attempted, vulcanization starts from the surface side to form a skin layer on the surface and Ventilation is blocked, and air contained in the reinforcing fiber layer and various substances contained in the rubber layer are gasified to form bubbles, which results in a foaming phenomenon in the rubber layer, resulting in a defective product. It is possible to treat the temperature of hot air at a temperature lower than the gasification temperature so that such a phenomenon does not occur, but such a method requires a long treatment time, and a vulcanizer is required for continuous treatment. It's upsized and doesn't seem practical.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a natural rubber, a synthetic rubber or other rubber hose having a reinforcing layer without causing bubbles in the rubber layer or the reinforcing layer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vulcanization method capable of vulcanizing with hot air under pressure.

[0004]

According to the present invention, the above object is to provide a vulcanization method in which an unvulcanized rubber hose is inserted into a mandrel and is vulcanized by transferring hot air under normal pressure. forming a skin layer the vulcanization process in the furnace at least divided into front and rear stages, the vulcanization temperature of the preceding stage of the vulcanization process in the surface
And was low enough not pressurized, characterized in that so as to vulcanization at a temperature higher than the vulcanization temperature of the preceding stage so that faster vulcanization than the vulcanization temperature of the preceding stage of the vulcanization process of the subsequent vulcanizing process proceeds It can be achieved by a sulfur method. The vulcanization temperature of the heating zone and the temperature difference of each zone in each of the above vulcanization steps are set to optimum conditions according to each rubber type, but the temperature difference between the former stage and the latter stage is 30 ° C or more. Good results are then obtained.

[0005]

[Function] The unvulcanized rubber hose attached to the mandrel is first heated by hot air at a temperature lower than the vulcanization temperature of the latter stage during transfer in the vulcanization furnace, so that the surface of the unvulcanized rubber hose is initially exposed. The skin layer can be prevented from forming, and even if bubbles are generated from the rubber layer or the reinforcing fiber layer, they do not escape to the outside and remain in the rubber layer. Is heated by. Along with this, the temperature of the rubber layer rises by drawing a heating curve that almost coincides with the vulcanization curve of the rubber, and vulcanizes in a shorter time than when vulcanization is continued at a low vulcanization temperature. be able to.

[0006]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described below. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view. In the figure, the vulcanization furnace (1) is formed in a sealable structure, and an electric heating heater is provided inside to circulate hot air at normal pressure. The vulcanization furnace (1) is divided into upper and lower heating zones, has a partition wall (2) in the middle, and an upper furnace temperature-shielding shutter that moves up and down at the opening.
(3) and lower furnace thermal insulation shutter that opens and closes to the left and right (4)
Is provided. These shutters are hydraulic cylinders,
It is operated by a pneumatic air cylinder, a motor or any other suitable means and is opened when the mandrel (5) passes through the opening, and is normally moved to a closed position so as to seal the inside of the furnace.

The heating means provided in the heating zone has an electric heater (6) and a circulation fan (7) for flowing the heat generated from the heater as hot air, and the hot air is A guide plate (8) and a current plate (9) are formed so as to circulate in the directions of the three arrows. Since the temperature distribution in the furnace changes depending on the inclination angle of the straightening vane (9), it is necessary to set it in a desired state. In the figure, the heating means (10), which is a combination of the above-mentioned heater and circulation fan, is provided in each of the upper heating zone and the lower heating zone 7 places, 14 places in total,
A temperature sensor (not shown) is installed in the furnace corresponding to each heating means so that they can be individually controlled.

By providing the above plurality of heating means,
A temperature difference can be provided in the hot air generated by each heating means, and the heating zone can be divided into a plurality of vulcanization process zones. In the figure, the heating zone of the vulcanization process is divided into a front stage and a rear stage, the lower furnace (11) is a vulcanization zone of the front vulcanization process , and the upper furnace (12) is a rear vulcanization process. The heating zone of the second stage, the vulcanization temperature of the latter stage is set to a higher temperature than the former stage, but by providing the heating zone of the intermediate temperature by adjusting the heating means, or heating means close to the opening, In order to prevent the heat in the furnace from being dissipated, it is possible to provide a heating zone having a temperature higher than that of the heating means adjacent to the inside and to have various configurations. In addition, an air curtain may be provided between the heating zones, or a shutter interlocking with the shutters (3) and (4) may be provided (not shown).

The mandrel (5) on which the unvulcanized rubber hose (13) is mounted is bent into various shapes so that the rubber hose can be vulcanized into a desired shape. As shown in FIG. It is fixed to the side surface of the mounting base (14) made of steel or the like in a standing manner in a plurality of rows, and at both ends of the mounting base (14), L-shaped mounting pieces (15) for mounting to a transfer means described later are fixed. I am doing it.

As the transfer means for holding and transferring the mandrel, a transfer chain belt (16) is used, but a robot or other suitable transfer means can be used. The chain belts (16) are provided on both sides of the vulcanization furnace, and the sprocket (17) inside the furnace and the sprocket (18) outside the furnace are provided.
It is passed over for a period of time, and intermittent movement is performed with an appropriate tact by a motor or other intermittent drive device (not shown). The running chain is supported by rails and other guide means so that it does not hang down, and there is a chain between the chains on both sides.
(19) is attached (Fig. 4). A holder (21) having an insertion groove is fixed to a bracket (20) projecting to the side of the link of the chain belt (16), and the attachment piece of the mounting table is attached to the insertion groove. (15) is inserted, and it is detachably attached with bolts or other fastening means.

FIG. 5 shows a clamp (22) which is preferably used as the fastening means. The clamp (22) forms a plane U-shaped frame (24) on a base (23) inserted into the insertion groove of the holder (21), and the frame (24). A presser link (26) having a presser bolt (25) at its tip is pivotally attached (27), and a connecting link (28) is pivotally attached (29) to an intermediate portion of the presser link (26) (FIG. 6, FIG. 7) The other end of the connecting link (28) is pivotally attached (32) to the handle (31) pivotally attached (30) to the frame (24). In the state where the handle (31) is erected (Fig. 6), the holding bolt (25) at the tip of the holding link (26) tightens the mounting piece (15) and attaches the mounting base (14). Holds so that it does not fall out. As shown in FIG. 7, when the handle (31) is turned over, the handle (31) is moved upward with the holding bolt (25), the attachment piece (15) is released, and the attachment base (14) can be taken out. In this way, using the above clamp (22),
Installation and removal of (14) from the transfer means are extremely easy and can be done in a short time, and workability is good.

At the opening of the vulcanizing furnace (1), there is provided a working stage (33) for approaching the mandrel discharged from the vulcanizing furnace by the transferring means (FIGS. 1 and 8). . The work stage (33) is provided so that an operator can easily pull out the vulcanized rubber hose and insert the unvulcanized rubber hose. Silicon oil or other lubricant is applied to or dripped on the mandrel at the time of insertion work, but a receiving groove (34) for this is formed in the upper part, and an inclined plate (35) is formed in the front surface. The above work stage (33) is
It has a fixed part (36) and a movable part (37), and the movable part (37) is provided with a bearing (38) below so that the bearing (38) slides on the rail (39). There is. The fixed part (36) has a hydraulic cylinder (40).
Is provided, and the rod (41) of the hydraulic cylinder (40) is connected to the movable portion. And the hydraulic cylinder (40)
Thus, the movable part (37) is moved away from the vulcanization furnace (1) when the mandrel (5) moves, and moves back and forth so as to approach the vulcanization furnace (1) when the mandrel movement is stopped. There is. By providing the work stage in such a manner that it can move back and forth, it is easy for the worker to work and the movement of the mandrel is not hindered. The rubber hose may be attached and detached by a robot.

The vulcanization temperature of the heating zone is the same as the vulcanization temperature of the preceding stage.
Low enough to not form a skin layer on the hose surface
In the subsequent vulcanization process after warming and removing air bubbles
It is set to a higher temperature than the previous stage so that vulcanization progresses early,
Specifically, the temperature is set to an appropriate temperature depending on the type of rubber material to be vulcanized, the structure of the product, etc. In the embodiment using a rubber material such as SBR or CR, for example, the heating zone of the lower furnace (11) is about 130. ℃, the heating zone of the upper furnace (12) is set to about 170 ℃, the temperature difference between both heating zones is adjusted to 30 ℃ or more, preferably 40 ℃ or more, between the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer When a rubber hose provided with a reinforcing fiber layer was inserted into the mandrel and circulated in the vulcanizing furnace by a transfer means, vulcanization was completed in about 40 minutes without foaming in the rubber layer and the reinforcing layer. When the temperature difference was less than 30 ° C, a foaming phenomenon occurred. In the products as described above, when the heating zone of the lower furnace (11) is set to about 140 ° C ± 10 ° C and the heating zone of the upper furnace (12) is set to about 190 ° C ± 10 ° C, foaming does not occur in general. It was confirmed that it could be vulcanized.

Since the transfer means supports and circulates the mounting base (14) on which a large number of mandrels are mounted, the mounting bases having various mandrel shapes are mounted on the transfer means and simultaneously vulcanized. can do. If a post-process is provided after the above work stage, the flow will be simplified and processing
The dead time can be shortened.

In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the vulcanization furnace is divided into two stages, an upper stage and a lower stage, and the mandrel enters from the lower stage of the opening and returns to the opening via the upper stage.
The vulcanization furnace is divided into three or more zones and circulated, or the vulcanization furnace is provided with openings at both ends to enter from one end and exit to the other end, or the mandrel is circulated horizontally. Vulcanization may be performed by providing heating zones at least in the front and rear stages between them.

[0016]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention is configured as described above, and the vulcanization step by hot air at atmospheric pressure is performed at least in the pre-stage and post-stage vulcanizations.
Divided into steps, and low temperature as not to early to form a skin layer
And, late it was carried out at higher temperatures than, and between total vulcanization to the temperature of the long and the rubber layer than in the case of steam vulcanization can be increased in a substantially consistent temperature increase Karp and vulcanization curve of the rubber Therefore, even in a rubber hose having a reinforcing fiber layer between the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer, there is no risk of foaming phenomenon, and the difference in vulcanization density between the inside and the surface of the hose can be reduced.
A product with excellent physical properties, adhesive strength, and breaking strength can be obtained. Also, even in the case of high-mix low-volume production, the mandrel circulating in the vulcanization furnace may be replaced, so that the production can be performed at the same cost as the large-lot production.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an apparatus using the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the inside of the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a holder-portion of the transfer means of the apparatus shown in FIG.

5 is a perspective view of a clamp used for the holder part shown in FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state in which a clamp is used.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the clamp with the handle turned over.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view mainly of a work stage.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vulcanizing furnace 3 Upper furnace heat shield shutter-4 Lower furnace heat shield shutter-5 Mandrel 6 Electric heating heater 7 Circulating fan 10 Heating means 11 Lower furnace 12 Upper furnace 21 Holder-22 Clamp 33 Working stage

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vulcanization method in which an unvulcanized rubber hose is inserted into a mandrel, and the mandrel is transferred into a vulcanization furnace in which hot air heated to a vulcanization temperature of normal pressure circulates to vulcanize the rubber hose. in the vulcanization step in pressurized硫炉least divided into front and rear stages, the vulcanization temperature of the preceding stage of the vulcanization process, the heating
Air bubbles generated in the rubber layer are passed to the outside through the hose surface.
So that there is no skin layer on the surface of the hose to dissipate
Set a low vulcanization temperature , remove air bubbles and
In order to accelerate the vulcanization in the vulcanization process earlier than the preceding vulcanization process,
The subsequent vulcanization temperatures higher vulcanization temperatures than the vulcanization temperature of the front stage
A method of vulcanizing a rubber hose characterized by being set . 2. The heating zone in the vulcanization process in the first stage and the vulcanization in the second stage
The method for vulcanizing a rubber hose according to claim 1, wherein the temperature difference in the heating zone in the step is 30 ° C. or more.