JPH0751044A - Ashtray device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an ashtray device capable of effectively carrying out the removal of nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons from smoke of tobacco during the combustion thereof. CONSTITUTION:This ashtray device is obtained by forming a filter 3 installed in a ventilating passage between a suction part composed of a motor 4 and a fan 5 and a pan 1 for ash with the function to remove either of nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. Thereby, the nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons are removed from smoke of tobacco.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ashtray device having a function of removing harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons contained in smoke generated from burning tobacco.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Cigarette smoke during burning contains carbon monoxide
It contains high concentrations of oxidizing gases such as nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, and hydrocarbons such as various aldehydes, phenols and nicotine. Therefore, not only the smoker but also the people around him are adversely affected.

By attaching a filter to the cigarette body, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the smoker himself, but this is not a countermeasure against the people around him.

In addition, an indoor air purifier can suppress the diffusion of cigarette smoke and prevent some adverse effects on the people around it if it is working nearby, but in most cases It is inhaled after enough smoke has spread, which is less effective for people near the cigarette.

Although an ashtray device having a suction mechanism has been proposed, it has some effect on smoke particles but does not act on oxidizing gas and hydrocarbons.

[0006]

As described above, the above-mentioned conventional means cannot cope with the problem, and the concentration of nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons in the room where the person smoking is extremely high, which adversely affects the human body. is there.

Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide an ashtray device capable of removing harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides such as nitric oxide and hydrocarbons generated from cigarette smoke before the cigarette smoke diffuses. It is intended.

A second object is to provide means capable of achieving the first object more reliably.

A third object is to provide means for achieving the first object without maintenance.

[0010]

The first means of the present invention for achieving the first object has a suction portion composed of a motor and a fan, and ventilation between the suction portion and the ash tray. This is an ashtray device in which a filter having a function of removing nitrogen oxides and / or hydrocarbons is disposed in the passage.

The second means of the present invention for achieving the second object is to use a filter having the constitution of the first means of the present invention, using activated carbon made from a phenol resin having a molecular weight of 3000 or more as a carrier, as a carrier. The ashtray device includes an adsorbent having an iron compound supported on the activated carbon.

A third means of the present invention for attaining the third object is to provide a suction part composed of a motor and a fan, and nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons in a ventilation path between the suction part and the ash tray. Alternatively, the ashtray device is provided with a catalyst having a function of decomposing one of them.

[0013]

The first means of the present invention is that the filter provided in the ventilation passage removes harmful gases from smoke containing nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons diffused from the tobacco burning in the pan before they diffuse into the room. It acts to remove substances and prevents the concentration of harmful substances in the room from rising.

Further, the second means of the present invention is such that, by devising the structure of the filter, it serves to surely remove harmful substances.

A third means of the present invention is maintenance-free by decomposing harmful substances with a catalyst.

[0016]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of the first means of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a tray for receiving cigarette ash, which has slits 2 on its side surface. Reference numeral 3 is a filter provided in an air passage between the suction portion formed by the motor 4 and the fan 5 and the tray 1.
The filter 3 has a function of removing nitrogen oxide and / or hydrocarbon. Reference numeral 6 is a main body that houses the filter 3 and the suction portion.

With the above construction, the cigarette smoke which is burning on the tray 1 passes through the slit 2 of the tray 1 as shown by the arrow, and after the harmful substances are removed by the filter 3, it is sucked into the suction portion. The air is discharged from the lower part of the main body 6.

In this embodiment, the filter 3 has an adsorption layer composed of a mixture of 10 g of zeolite impregnated with potassium permanganate and 10 g of untreated palm shell activated carbon. That is, a total of 20 g of this adsorption layer was put evenly in a three-dimensional knitted fabric RH37-1 having a thickness of 7 mm made by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., an adhesive interlining made by Kurashiki Spinning Co., Ltd. was used, and a polyester mesh made by Mitsubishi Rayon was bonded to the filter 3 It is what is said. The filter 3 is shaped so that it can be placed on the main body 6.

Generally, nitric oxide is not adsorbed on an adsorbent such as activated carbon or zeolite. Therefore, in this embodiment,
Nitric oxide is once oxidized to nitrogen dioxide and then adsorbed on the adsorbent. That is, in the zeolite impregnated with potassium permanganate, potassium permanganate functions as an oxidant that oxidizes nitric oxide in cigarette smoke into nitrogen dioxide. The nitrogen dioxide thus produced is adsorbed by the zeolite. Activated carbon also acts as an adsorbent for nitrogen dioxide and hydrocarbons.

The experimental results using the filter 3 of this embodiment will be reported below. In this experiment, the ashtray device shown in FIG. 1 was placed in a 1 m ³ box for experiment, one cigarette was burned, and the filter 3 was placed, and the nitrogen oxides in the room when the filter 3 was not used. It is a comparative measurement of the concentration of all hydrocarbons. It should be noted that cigarettes were mild seven, nitrogen oxides were measured by chemiluminescence method, and hydrocarbons were measured by gas chromatography hydrogen flame ionization detector (FID).

The results of this experiment are shown in FIG. The horizontal axis shows the elapsed time since the tobacco burned, and the vertical axis shows the residual rate. The experimental results are shown by the ratio of the indoor concentration after 20 minutes from the start of combustion. When the filter 3 is used, it is about 70
%, Nitrogen dioxide is about 40%, and total hydrocarbons are about 30%. In other words, it removes these harmful effects.

Further, according to this embodiment, the smoke of the cigarette is directly sucked from the slit 2 to the filter 3 because of the structure of the tray 1 for receiving the ash of the cigarette and the suction portion. Therefore, cigarette smoke is removed from the ashtray device without being diffused into the room.

(Embodiment 2) Next, an embodiment of the second means of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, untreated palm shell activated carbon and a mixture of adsorbents described below are used as the adsorption layer of the filter 3 of FIG.

The raw material is a self-curing phenol resin, in which the primary and secondary particles are spherical (particle diameter 0.1 to 150 μm).
m) resin powder (Bellpearl manufactured by Kanebo Co., Ltd.) is used. Since this resin has a molecular weight of 3000 or more and a long molecular chain and short side chains, it is tenacious and self-curing. This resin powder is tumbled into granules, shaped into spheres and then carbonized,
Subsequently, steam activation is performed at about 900 ° C. The particle diameter of the activated carbon thus produced is 1.0 to 2.0 mm. Hereinafter, this activated carbon will be referred to as BP coal if necessary.

Next, a method of preparing activated carbon in which an iron compound is supported on this BP coal will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, as preprocessing of activated carbon, keeping the BP coal temperature 110 ° C., at a vacuum 10 ^{@ 5} torr, keep stand for 1 hour. By the pretreatment of this high temperature suction, the water contained inside the BP coal is removed. Therefore, there is nothing that blocks the micropores of the BP coal, and the iron compound can be supported even around the entrance of the micropores.

In the present embodiment, in order to improve the removal characteristics as described above, a pretreatment of high temperature suction is performed, but even if this treatment is omitted, the micropores have a filling action.

In this embodiment, ferric chloride is used as the iron salt to be added. That is, the ferric chloride solution is used by dissolving ferric chloride in pure water to make 0.2 mol / l.

The BP charcoal which has been subjected to the pretreatment is left standing for 30 minutes, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, and then the ferric chloride solution adjusted while maintaining the degree of vacuum is added. Addition of this solution
The prepared 0.2 mol / l ferric chloride solution is applied at a ratio of 500 ml to 25 g of activated carbon. When the addition of this solution is complete, leave it at room temperature for 30 minutes. During this period, it is assumed that the degree of vacuum is maintained. Next, after a lapse of a predetermined time, urea in an amount 4 times that of ferric chloride in weight ratio is added and stirred to dissolve. At this time, the degree of vacuum will be broken. When the process of adding urea is completed, room temperature is 1 ° C per minute.
Then, the iron compound is aged by allowing the iron compound to stand still for 4 hours while maintaining the temperature at 98 ° C. By this aging treatment,
Urea hydrolyzes to produce ammonium ions. As a result, precipitation of iron hydroxide occurs, and the BP charcoal carries an iron compound.

After a predetermined time elapses, the BP charcoal is washed with ion-exchanged water to wash off the excess precipitate. The amount of ion-exchanged water at this time is 1 liter for 25 g of activated carbon. After this washing is finished, BP charcoal is opened on a sieve and left in a dryer at 110 ° C. for 3 hours or more to dry to remove water.

By the above processing, the iron compound loading operation is completed. When the iron compound is supported in this manner, B
A large number of iron compounds are present around the micropores of P carbon. When nitrogen oxides are present in the vicinity in this state, the iron compound is adsorbed and the adsorbed substance is stored in the micropores, which causes a micropore filling action.

As the filter 3 shown in FIG. 1, 10 g of the BP charcoal which has been subjected to the above treatment is used as a nitrogen oxide adsorbent, and 10 g of untreated palm shell activated carbon is used as a hydrocarbon adsorbent. . The method of creating the filter 3 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

A performance test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 using the filter 1 thus prepared.

The results of the experiment are shown in FIG. 4 as in Example 1. After 20 minutes, the nitrogen monoxide content was reduced to about 40%, the nitrogen dioxide content to about 30%, and the total carbon dioxide content to about 30%. .
That is, the filter of this embodiment effectively acts to remove these harmful substances. As described above, the nitrogen oxide removing ability of the present embodiment is superior to that of the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3) Next, an embodiment of the third means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, 11 is an ash tray, 12 is a slit on the side surface of the tray 11, and 13 is a catalyst having a function of decomposing nitrogen oxide and / or hydrocarbon. This catalyst 1
3 is provided on the sheath heater 14. 15 and 16 are a motor and a suction fan. The motor 15 and the fan 16 constitute a suction unit for sucking tobacco smoke, and the arrows in the figure show the flow of smoke.

In this embodiment, the catalyst 13 is a honeycomb-shaped carrier made of alumina and 1 Pt.Rh.
The one supported by the impregnation method at a ratio of 0: 1 is used. Here, the supported amount of Pt / Rh is 5 mg per 1 cm ³ of the honeycomb. Further, here, since the honeycomb of 20 cm × 5 cm × 2 cm is used, about 1 g of Pt · Rh is used.

The experimental results using the above catalyst 13 will be reported below. In this experiment, the heater 4 is energized so that the catalyst temperature is 350 ° C. or higher so that the catalyst 13 is active.

Also in this experiment, as in Example 1, the ashtray device in FIG. 5 was placed in a 1 m ³ box for experiment, and one cigarette was burned. In this state, the concentrations of nitrogen oxides and total hydrocarbons in the chamber were compared and measured when the catalyst 13 was provided and when the catalyst was not provided.

The results of the experiment are also shown in FIG. 6. After 20 minutes, compared with the case without the catalyst, it was suppressed to about 50% for nitric oxide, about 35% for nitrogen dioxide, and about 30% for all hydrocarbons. There is something. That is, these harmful substances can be removed also in this embodiment. Further, in this embodiment, unlike the filter, the catalyst is used, so that the replacement is not necessary.

[0039]

The first means of the present invention has a suction section consisting of a motor and a fan, and nitrogen oxides and / or hydrocarbons or one of them is provided in the ventilation passage between the suction section and the ash tray. Realizing an ashtray device that can remove harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides such as nitric oxide and hydrocarbons generated from cigarette smoke before the cigarette smoke diffuses, by arranging a filter with a function to remove To do.

The second means of the present invention comprises a filter,
With an active carbon carrier having a molecular weight of 3000 or more as a raw material of a phenolic resin as a carrier and including an adsorbent supporting an iron compound on the active carbon, an ashtray device having further improved nitrogen oxide removal characteristics may be provided. It is possible.

The third means of the present invention has a suction section consisting of a motor and a fan, and decomposes nitrogen oxides and / or hydrocarbons in the ventilation passage between the suction section and the ash tray. As a configuration in which a catalyst having a function to perform is arranged, a particularly maintenance-free ashtray device is realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an ashtray device according to an embodiment of the first means of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of the same experiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a method for preparing an adsorption layer of a filter in an embodiment of the second means of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of the experiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an ashtray device according to an embodiment of the third means of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the results of the same experiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 saucer 3 filter 4 motor 5 fan 13 catalyst

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A suction unit comprising a motor and a fan,
An ashtray device in which a filter having a function of removing nitrogen oxides and / or hydrocarbons is arranged in a ventilation path between the suction section and the ash tray. 2. The ashtray apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter includes activated carbon made of a phenol resin having a molecular weight of 3000 or more as a raw material, and an adsorbent having an iron compound supported on the activated carbon. 3. A suction unit comprising a motor and a fan,
An ashtray device in which a catalyst having a function of decomposing nitrogen oxides and / or hydrocarbons is arranged in an air passage between the suction section and the ash tray.