JPH0751627A - Sorting device for waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To remarkably enhance sorting accuracy without increasing a sorting air quantity. CONSTITUTION:Small-sized materials, such as noncombustibles, in waste pass sieving holes 5c of a sieving section 5a and fall into a block chamber 16 for the sieving section. Relatively large-grain sized materials on the sieve, i.e., stone lumps, are transported to an air separating section 5b. The stone lumps among these ride over an inclined wall 5e and fall rapidly. On the other hand, the underlying sheet-like materials move slow and, therefore, the positions of the stone lumps where the sheet-like material held under change from the central part to the ends in the worst case. The stone lumps of a large sp. gr. fly largely by vibration of the air separating section 5b but the sheet-like materials of a small sp. gr. do not soar up too much and, therefore, clearances are generated between the stone lumps and the air separating section 5b and the sheet-like materials are surely let out and floated by the gushing-out air. The floating vinyls, paper and the like are sucked together with air from a suction hood 25 by an exhauster 31 and are recovered by a collecting machine 30. The stone lumps, etc., from which the vinyls, paper and the like are removed are discharged through a discharge port 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste sorting apparatus for use in general waste and construction waste processing facilities.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this sorter, there is, for example, a rotary sorter for wastes filed by the applicant of the present invention (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-358578).

This is a cylindrical screen having both ends opened on the rotary roller and having a large number of reverse feed scraping plates therein, placed substantially horizontally, and the both ends are opened inside the cylindrical screen. A transport pipe having a feed screw inside extends from the front end opening of the cylindrical screen to the middle and is concentrically arranged with an appropriate interval, and the interval serves as an annular passage, and the front end of the cylindrical screen is provided. On the opening side, a plurality of air supply pipes are arranged toward the annular passage and the transportation pipe.

[0004]

However, the rotary sorting device has the following problems. (A) The air for selection is made to flow in the cylindrical screen, but it is necessary to make the air flow over the entire surface of the cylindrical screen to blow off comparatively lightweight objects. This air volume is about 30% of that of the cylindrical screen where the cylindrical screen actually exhibits the sieving effect. This is about three times as much as the required air volume, and the air volume is large, and the source of this air must be unnecessarily large. (B) Air is blown into the cylindrical screen from the sieve hole of the cylindrical screen, and the air leaks to the outside of the cylindrical screen. The light weight below the sieve hole is extruded from the sieve hole, so the purity is poor. . (C) The end of the wire-like object rubs inside the cylindrical screen by the rotating action, and it easily catches on the hole of the cylindrical screen. There is a risk that it will grow over and eventually block the holes in the cylindrical screen.

(D) Since the sieve surface is unnecessarily large as described above, it is mechanically large, heavy, and driving power is large and uneconomical.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste sorting apparatus which can significantly enhance the sorting accuracy without increasing the sorting air volume. It is a thing.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the waste sorting apparatus of the present invention is a box-type vibration device having a substantially horizontal porous member for transporting waste from the end of the supply port to the end of the discharge port. Through the porous member of the sieve, a sieve portion having a sieve hole capable of sieving a relatively small-sized waste material on the supply port side and a relatively large-sized waste material on the discharge port side can pass. A wind-selecting portion having a wind-selecting hole, the wind-selecting hole is covered with an inclined wall so that the outlet side of the wind-selecting hole is open, and the sieve part of the perforated plate and the lower part of the wind-selecting part, respectively. A partition for the sieve part and a compartment for the air selection part are formed, an air supply port is provided in the air selection part, a suction hood is provided on the upper part of the air selection part, and a collector and an exhauster are provided in the suction hood. That is to say.

In addition, the screen portion is formed in a step shape having at least one step. Further, the sieving part is provided with an inclined plate below the flat plate having the sieving holes and on the discharge port side of the sieving holes to cover the sieving holes. In addition, the sieve portion is that a concave protrusion is formed on the flat plate and the supply port side of the protrusion is opened to form a sieve hole. Further, the screen portion is formed by arranging a bent plate having a substantially doglegged shape having a comb tooth portion on the upper side so as to be overlapped at a predetermined interval at a right angle to the conveying direction of the waste. The sieve part is composed of an elongated flat plate arranged at a predetermined interval in the waste conveying direction, and an angle member integrally arranged below the elongated flat plate at a right angle to the waste conveying direction and at a predetermined interval. That is, the gap formed by the flat plate and the angle member is used as a sieve hole. In addition, the air passage opening ratio of the wind selecting section is set to 5 to 25%. Furthermore, a control weir is provided at the discharge end of the wind separation section.

[0009]

[Operation] The waste put into the box-type vibrating screen from the supply port is
It moves on the perforated plate toward the outlet side by vibrating action. In this process, first, small particles such as incombustibles in the waste pass through the sieve holes of the sieve unit and fall into the compartment for the sieve unit. Next, the relatively large grain-shaped particles on the sieve, that is, the lumps of stones, are conveyed to the wind sorting section. Here, the vinyl and paper passing on the inclined wall are blown up by the air ejected upward from the compartment for the air-selection section through the air-selection hole and the opening, and are sucked and collected by the suction hood in the upper part. In other words, the waste is transported by the vibration of the perforated plate, but the stone blocks inside it fall over the inclined wall and fall rapidly, while the sheet materials such as vinyl and paper, which are the underlying sheets, move slowly. , The stone blocks change from the central part to the end part in the worst case with the sheet-like material.

Next, due to the vibration of the wind separation section, stone lumps having a high specific gravity fly greatly, but a sheet-like material having a low specific gravity does not fly up so much, so a gap is formed between the stone lumps and the wind selection section. The generated sheet-like material is reliably ejected and floated by the jetting air. Then, the floated vinyl and papers are sucked together with the air from the suction hood by the exhaust fan and collected in the collector, while the vinyl and the stone blocks from which the papers are removed are discharged through the discharge port. Further, since the upper part of the air separation hole is covered with the inclined wall, waste does not get caught in the air separation hole.

[0011] Further, by forming the screen portion into at least one or more steps, small lumps which cannot be sieved on the sheet on the upper screen portion are preliminarily dropped due to the step of the screen portion and the lower screen portion. It rides on the section and is reliably sieved by the lower sieve section. Further, as a sieve part, an inclined plate is provided below the flat plate having a sieve hole and covers the sieve hole on the discharge port side of the sieve hole, or a concave projecting portion is formed on the flat plate, and a supply port of the projecting portion is provided. Side is opened as a sieve hole, a bent plate with a comb shape on the upper side is arranged at right angles to the waste transportation direction at a predetermined interval, and further waste transportation The elongated flat plate arranged at a predetermined interval in the direction, and the lower part of the elongated flat plate,
A sieve, which is made up of an angle member integrally disposed at a predetermined interval at a right angle to the direction in which the waste is conveyed, and the gap formed by the flat plate and the angle member is used as a sieve hole. Is significantly reduced.

Further, the air passage opening ratio in the wind selecting section is set to 5 to
By setting it to 25%, partial blow-through at each opening is eliminated. In addition, the waste is temporarily retained by the control weir provided at the discharge side end of the wind separation unit. During this suspension, due to the vibrating action of the perforated plate, stone blocks with a higher specific gravity are divided into the lower part, wood fragments with a lower specific gravity than the stone blocks are separated into the upper part, and free wood fragments are jetted from the opening. It floats up by the air, and is then collected by the air blower through the suction hood and collected by the collector, and the stone blocks are collected over the control weir and into the discharge port.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3, 1 is a box-type vibrating screen for combined use of wind power, and the vibrating screen has a substantially horizontal and horizontally long box-shaped body 4 having a supply port 2 at one upper end and a discharge port 3 at the other lower end, The box-shaped main body 4 is composed of a substantially horizontal porous member (conveying plate) 5 provided so as to be divided into upper and lower parts, and a vibrating means 6 for vibrating the box-shaped main body 4 in an oblique direction. The box-shaped main body 4 is mounted on a machine base 9 mounted on a base 7 via a spring 8, and a rocking lever 10 obliquely provided between them and a spring 11 provided at a right angle to the rocking lever 10. It is supported by.
The vibrating means 6 includes a vibrating portion 13 provided between the box-shaped body 4 and the support 12 of the machine base 9 and a motor 14 provided on the support 12. The motor 14 is driven to vibrate the box-shaped body 4. It is vibrated in an oblique direction (in the direction of the arrow in the figure) via the portion 13.
The porous member 5 has a sieve portion 5a having a sieve hole 5c on the supply port 2 side.
And a wind selecting portion 5c having a wind selecting hole 5d on the discharge port 3 side. The wind-selecting portion 5b has the upper portion of the wind-selecting hole 5d and the wind-selecting hole 5d.
an inclined wall 5f covered so that the downstream side of d opens 5e;
It is composed of a 5 g of weir at the downstream end. In addition,
The inclined wall 5f of the wind-selecting portion 5b may be formed by pressing the porous member 5, or after punching to open the wind-selecting hole 5d,
A separately molded member may be formed by welding or the like. Moreover, the diameter of the sieve hole 5c is set to about 20 to 40 m / m. Further, the sieve holes 5b can be replaced with wire mesh.

Designated by 16 and 17 are sieve compartments and wind compartments, which are divided by the partition wall 15 into the sieve portion 5a side and the wind selection portion 5b side, below the porous member 5 of the box-shaped body 4. A sieve outlet 18 is provided in the lower part of the partition wall 15 side, and an air supply port 19 is provided in the compartment 17. Reference numeral 20 is a cleaning lid. Then, a blower 21 is connected to the air supply port 19 via a pipe 22, and the air from the blower 21 is supplied to the air-selecting compartment 17 via the adjusting valve 23. In addition, the passing speed of the air passing through the opening 5f of the wind selecting unit 5b is set to about 5 to 30 m / sec. Reference numeral 24 denotes an exhaust port provided on the upper wall of the box-shaped main body 4 so as to face the wind selection hole 5d. A suction hood 25 having a suction port 26 is fitted to the exhaust port, and the suction hood 25 is attached to a mount 27. Fix through. 28 is a flexible tube. Further, a collector 30 such as a cyclone and an exhaust fan 31 are connected to the suction hood 25 via a conduit 29. Reference numeral 32 is a control valve.

In the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiment, after crushing general waste or construction waste by a waste crusher (not shown), the crushed material is directly conveyed by a conveyer conveyor or the like, and is fed from the supply port 2 to a vibrating screen combined with wind force. Throw in 1. The thrown crushed material moves to the discharge port 3 side while vibrating on the porous member 5 by the vibration of the vibrating means 6, that is, the vibration of the vibrating portion 13 by the activation of the motor 14. On the other hand, the air from the blower 21 is supplied to the inside of the compartment 17 for the air separation section from the air supply port 19 through the pipe 22. The air in the compartment 17 for the air-selection section passes through the air-selection hole 5d and flows (jets) from the opening 5e onto the air-selection section 5b. From the above-mentioned state, first of all, among the crushed materials, fine particles (small particles) such as incombustibles fall into the sieve compartment 16 through the sieve holes 5c and are recovered from the under sieve discharge port 18. To be done. In this case, the product is divided into an oversize product and an undersize product by a simple vibration action. Next, the relatively large size crushed material on the sieve that has not passed through the sieve hole 5c moves to the wind selecting portion 5b due to the vibration of the porous member 5 and climbs over the inclined wall 5e of the wind selecting portion 5b. While moving to the discharge port 3 side.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the crushed material is conveyed by the vibration of the porous member 5, and the stone blocks b in it are conveyed.
Jumps over the sloped wall 5e and falls suddenly. On the other hand, the sheet-like material a such as vinyl and paper, which is the underlay, moves slowly. For this reason, the stone block b changes from the central portion to the end portion when the underlying position of the sheet-shaped material a is worst. Next, due to the vibration of the wind selecting part 5b, the stone blocks b are greatly fly due to their heavy and large specific gravity, but the sheet-like material a does not fly up so much because of its low specific gravity. Therefore, a gap is created between the large grain shape b and the wind selecting portion 5b, and the sheet-like material a is reliably ejected by the jetting air and floats. The separated and floated sheet-like material b is sucked into the suction hood 25 from the suction port 26 together with air by the air blower 31 together with small pieces such as vinyl, plastic and paper.
It is collected by the collector 30 after passing through 9. On the other hand, the stone blocks from which the sheet-like material b has been removed are collected through the discharge port 3. In this way, the crushed material is oscillated by the porous member 5 and the wind separation section 5
By a synergistic action with air ejected from b, it is screened into small particles such as incombustibles and combustibles such as vinyl, plastics, papers and lumps that are mainly incombustibles. It is selected.

Further, in the wind selecting portion 5b, since a large number of inclined walls 5e are provided above the air selecting holes 5e, the stone blocks excluding vinyl and paper are conveyed by vibration and exceed the inclined walls 5e. Falls suddenly at the wrong position. On the other hand, since vinyl and paper are light, they will still remain on the inclined wall 5e.
Since it is floated by the jet air from the compartment 17 for the air separation section and vertically vibrates, stones with a high specific gravity fly greatly, and those with a low specific gravity such as vinyl and paper do not rise so much, and thus stone blocks The vinyls are separated from the vinyls by the wind force, and then the vinyls are properly subjected to the action of jet air and are collected by the collector 30 through the suction hood 25.

Further, at the discharge side end of the wind selecting section 5b, a control weir 5 is provided.
Due to g, the crushed material on the wind selecting unit 5b is temporarily retained. Then, the suspended stones with a high specific gravity are separated into the lower part, and the wooden pieces with a low specific gravity are separated into the upper part.
The air blown from f lifts the air, and the blower 31
Allows the suction hood 25 from the suction port 26 together with the air.
Is sucked in and collected by the collector 30 via the conduit 29,
The lumps of stones pass over the controlled weir 5 g and are collected in the discharge port 3.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the crushed material crushed by the waste crusher is selected, but in the case of construction waste, the waste material roughly sorted by hand may be selected. FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the suction hood 25. The suction hood has an elongated suction port 25a with a narrowed tip.
It is what The opening 5f of the wind selecting part 5b has an elongated slit shape when seen from a plane, but the crushed material hardly drops from the opening 5f. Further, the vibration direction of the vibrating screen 1 can be swung in a substantially horizontal plane by a known vibrating means. Further, although the suction hood 25 is fixed to the pedestal 27, it can be adjusted up and down through an appropriate means (not shown), which can further improve the sorting accuracy.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the sieving portion, namely, the sieving portion 5
Although "a" has two steps by the standing wall 5h, it may have two or more steps. Further, the sieve portion can be configured as shown in FIGS. In the structure shown in FIG. 7, a flat plate 51a is punched and formed to form a sieve hole 51c.
An inclined plate 52 and a side plate 53 are provided below the c and on the discharge port side of the sieve hole 51c so as to cover the sieve hole 51c. In the structure shown in FIG. 8, a concave protrusion 55 is formed on a flat plate 54a by pressing or the like, and one side of the protrusion 55 on the supply port side is opened to form a sieve hole 54c and a side plate 53 is provided.

In the structure shown in FIG. 9, a comb tooth portion 56'a is formed in the upper half of the upper side of a bent plate 56a having a substantially V-shaped cross section.
Sieve holes 56c are formed between the comb tooth portions 56'a, and the bent plates 56a are superposed on each other through the side plates 53 at a predetermined interval at a right angle to the waste conveying direction. 10 shows an elongated flat plate 57a arranged at a predetermined interval in the waste conveying direction, and an angle member 58a integrally arranged at a lower part of the elongated flat plate 57a at a predetermined interval at a right angle to the conveying direction. The side plate 53 is formed, and a gap formed by the elongated flat plate 57a and the angle member is used as a sieve hole 59c. Incidentally, 58'a is a vertical portion.

[0022]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. A box-type vibrating sieve having a substantially horizontal porous member that conveys waste from the supply port end to the discharge port end is provided with a sieve hole through which relatively small ones of the waste on the supply port side can be sieved. And a wind-selecting portion having a wind-selecting hole through which relatively large wastes on the discharge side can pass, and the discharge-side of the wind-selecting hole is formed on the discharge side. Covering with a slanted wall so as to open, and forming a partition section for the sieve section and a partition section for the wind selection section respectively under the sieve section and the air selection section of the porous member, and providing air supply to the wind selection section. , A suction hood is provided on the upper part of the air selection section, and a collector and an air exhauster are connected to the suction hood, so that a relatively small particle shape is under the sieve by the sieve section and is relatively large on the sieve. On the wind selecting section, due to the synergistic effect of the vibration action and the air and suction force ejected from the opening, Pebble acids and vinyl, can be reliably separated and recovered in such paper.

Further, since the upper part of the air selection hole is covered with the inclined wall, waste does not get caught in the air selection hole, so that the air selection can be smoothly continued. Further, since the effective area of the jet air is close to 100%, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the blower and the related ones as compared with the conventional rotary type, which is economical. Furthermore, since the installation space is small and the size is mechanically downsized, it is very effective for incorporating into a plant.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, by making the sieve part into a step shape having at least one step or more, small particles in the waste can be reliably sieved. The waste material according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the sieve portion is provided with an inclined plate, a concave protruding portion is formed, a bent plate is overlapped and arranged, and further, the elongated flat plate and the angle member are formed. In particular, the catching of slender objects in the sieve hole is greatly reduced, and continuous operation is possible. In claim 7, since the opening ratio of the air selection section is set to about 5 to 25%, partial blow-through at each opening is eliminated, and efficient selection is possible. According to the eighth aspect, since the control weir is provided at the discharge side end of the wind selecting section, the heavy article and the light article can be more reliably separated, and the recovery efficiency is very high.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a waste sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

3A and 3B show a main part of a wind selection unit of the above-described waste sorting apparatus, FIG. 3A being a plan view and FIG. 3B being a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a wind-selecting state of a wind-selecting section in the above-described waste sorting apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the suction hood in the above waste sorting apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the sieve section in the above-mentioned waste sorting apparatus.

FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the sieve section in the above-described waste sorting apparatus, (A) is a plan view thereof, and (B) is a side view thereof.

FIG. 8 illustrates another example of the screen portion of the above-described waste sorting apparatus, (A) is a plan view thereof, and (B) is a side view thereof.

9A and 9B show other examples of the sieve section in the above-described waste sorting apparatus, FIG. 9A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken along line I-I.

FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of the screen portion in the above-described waste sorting apparatus, (A) is a plan view thereof, and (B) is a side view thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Combined use of wind force Vibrating sieve 2 Supply port 3 Discharge port 4 Box body 5 Porous member 5a Sieve part 5b Air selection part 5c Sieve hole 5d Wind selection hole 5e Sloping wall 5f Opening 5g Control dam 6 Vibrating means 16,17 Sieve part And compartment for air-selection section 18 Sieving material discharge port 19 Air supply port 25 Suction hood 26 Suction port 29 Conduit 30 Collector 31 Air blower

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A box-type vibrating screen having a substantially horizontal porous member that conveys waste from an end of a supply port to an end of an outlet, and the porous member of the waste on the supply port side is sieved through the porous member. And a wind-selecting portion having a wind-selecting hole through which a relatively large-sized waste in the waste on the outlet side can pass. Of the porous member is covered with a slanted wall so that the outlet side is open, and a partition section for the sieve section and a partition section for the wind selection section are formed in the lower part of the sieve section and the air selection section of the porous member, respectively, and the air is provided in the air selection section. A waste sorting apparatus comprising a supply port, a suction hood provided on an upper part of the air selection section, and a collector and an exhauster connected to the suction hood. 2. The waste sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the sieve portion has a step shape of at least one step. 3. The waste product according to claim 1, wherein the sieving portion is provided below a flat plate having a sieving hole, and an inclined plate covering the sieving hole is provided on the discharge port side of the sieving hole. Sorter. 4. The sieve part has a concave protrusion formed on a flat plate, and a supply port side of the protrusion is opened to form a sieve hole.
The sorting device for waste according to item 1 or 2. 5. The sieve unit is formed by stacking a substantially V-shaped bent plate having a comb tooth portion on the upper side thereof at right angles to the waste transport direction and at a predetermined interval. The described waste sorting device. 6. The elongate plate is disposed at a predetermined interval in the waste conveying direction, and the sieve is integrally disposed below the elongate flat plate at a right angle to the waste conveying direction and at a predetermined interval. The waste sorting device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an angle member, and a gap formed by the flat plate and the angle member is a sieve hole. 7. The air passage opening ratio of the wind selecting section is 5 to 2
The waste sorting device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, which is 5%. 8. The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a discharge weir is provided at the discharge end of the wind selecting section.