JPH074716B2 - Holding jig for work and its usage - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a machine such as a milling machine, a machining center, or another machine tool for performing precision machining such as punching, grooving, scoring, and measurement on a workpiece. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a jig for holding a workpiece on a processing table of a machine tool in an accurately centered state, and a method of using the jig.

<Prior Art> As a jig for holding a workpiece on a machining table of a machine tool, a V-block has been generally used conventionally.

In other words, as is clear from Fig. 17 which shows a typical example,
As a preparatory step for machining the workpiece (1), the V block (2) and the step block (3) for holding the workpiece (1) are placed on the machining table (4) of the machine tool while the machining table (4) is placed. ) The screw pillar (6) is erected in a fixed state from the key groove (5) opening in the inverted T-shape in section, and the V block (2) and the step block (3) are also provided.
And the work (1) by inserting the presser foot (7) which straddles both of the above into the screw strut (6) and screwing and fastening the nut (8) to the screw strut (6) from above. Together, the holding V block (2) is positioned and fixed on the working table (4).

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the holding means for the work (1) using the V block (2) as a jig, a V-shaped cutout is formed on the upper surface of the block (2). Since the expansion angle (θ) is constant in advance, if the workpiece (1) is extremely thick, it may not be possible to position and hold the workpiece (1) in its centered state. It is necessary to prepare and prepare a large number of various V-blocks (2) corresponding to (1), and attach / detach / replace them. It cannot be used universally for various kinds of workpieces (1).

Further, since the lower surface of the V-block (2) is a flat surface, there is no choice but to position and fix it to the machining table (4) together with the workpiece (1). Then, each time the workpiece (1) is attached and detached. In addition, the V-block (2) must be readjusted to the centering state of the workpiece (1),
This is remarkably complicated, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency and cost reduction of processing. And, even if magnetic force is applied to the upper surface and the lower surface of the temporary V block (2), this cannot be drastically improved.

<Means for Solving the Problem> The present invention intends to solve such a problem, and as a holding jig for a work piece useful for this purpose, a metal rod is machined to have a sectional shape larger than a semicircle. The kamaboko type block main body with a certain length is formed, and the centering ridge that is continuously and integrally hung from the eccentric position of the flat lower surface is opened to the machining table of the machine tool. The first feature is that it is designed so that it can be inserted and inserted into the key groove of an inverted T-shaped cross section from above, and it is also processed from a metal round bar with a cross section larger than a semicircle. The kamaboko type block body of a certain length formed, the centering ridge that continuously and integrally hangs down from the eccentric position of the flat lower surface, and the through hole was opened along the vertical center line of the centering ridge. Step And a bolt insertion hole in the form of a bolt, the centering ridge is inserted into and fitted into a key groove having an inverted T-shaped cross section that is opened in a machining table of a machine tool from above, and the bolt insertion hole is inserted. The cap bolt inserted from above is screwed and fastened to a nut with an inverted T-shaped cross section that is inserted into the key groove of the machining table, and the block body is positioned and fixed on the machining table in a state that it does not come off. That is the second feature.

Further, as a method of using the holding jig, a kamaboko type block main body having a constant length larger than a semicircle in cross section and a centering convex strip protruding continuously and integrally from an eccentric position of its flat lower surface are provided. A total of four holding jigs are machined from one common metal round bar material, and as a set of a total of four, they are distributed so as to be scattered on the machining table of the machine tool. The centering ridge is inserted into the key groove of the inverted T-shaped cross section that opens on the processing table so that it can be freely inserted and removed from above, and the entire upper surface of the arc body of the block body allows the workpiece to be self-contained. It is characterized in that it is possible to cope with the change in the thickness of the workpiece by maintaining the centering state and replacing the direction of the block body in an inverted manner.

<Operation> According to the above configuration of the present invention, the holding jig is provided with the centering ridge protruding from the lower surface of the kamaboko type block main body, and the centering ridge opens to the machining table of the machine tool. Since it is specified to be inserted and fitted into the key groove from above, when the fitting and fitting is performed, the centering ridge is used as a key for the machining table and the workpiece supported by the block body is self-supported. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the accurate centering state, and it is not necessary to readjust the centering state of the workpiece by the jig each time the workpiece is attached and detached.

Further, since the centering ridge is formed so as to project at the eccentric position of the block body and can be inserted into and removed from the key groove of the machining table, it can be replaced by reversing its direction to use it. It is possible to adjust the support interval of the work piece by adjusting the left and right of the matching jigs one by one, and it is possible to immediately respond to the change in the thickness of the work piece as it is. There is no need to prepare it.

<Examples> Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 4 shows a basic embodiment of the workpiece holding jig (A), and (11) is made from a round metal rod (M) into an overall kamaboko shape of a certain length (L). In addition, the cross-section of the block body is slightly larger than the semicircle. That is, the block body (11) has a flat lower surface (11a) with a constant width (W) slightly smaller than the diameter dimension (D) of the round bar (M), and its arcuate convex shape. The top surface (11b) of the eggplant is
As will be described later, the circumferential surface of the workpiece (12) is a pillow that comes into line contact with the circumferential surface of the workpiece (12) and holds the workpiece (12) in a stable manner. Incidentally, (O) indicates the axis of the round bar (M).

In this respect, in the illustrated example, the diameter dimension (D) of the round bar (M) and the constant length (L) of the block body (11a) are both about 50 m.
m, the lower surface (11a) has a constant width (W) of about 44 mm, but these dimensions are the same as those of the workpiece (12).
In consideration of the relationship with the thickness and length in, several types of different sizes will be prepared and prepared in advance. By the way, the diameter dimension (D) and length (L) are both about 50 mm.
In addition to the above, a small product dimensioned as about 75 mm and about 100 mm
By preparing and preparing three types of medium-sized products and large-sized products, most workpieces (12) can be widely dealt with.

Further, (13) is a centering ridge that projects continuously and integrally from the eccentric position of the flat lower surface (11a) of the block body (11), and its cross-sectional shape and size are the machining table (T ) Is formed with high accuracy so that it can be fitted accurately with the upper portion of the opening of the inverted T-shaped cross-section key groove (14). That is, its centering ridge (13)
By being fitted as a key into the key groove (14) of the processing table (T), the workpiece (12) can be held in a centered state by itself. However, the centering ridge (13) can be inserted and fitted into the key groove (14) so that the key groove (14) can be freely inserted and removed from above without using a special tool. The vertical center line (H-H) of the centering ridge (13) is eccentric from the vertical diameter line (Y-Y) of the block body (11) and is indicated by a symbol (X). .

(15) is the vertical center line (H-H) of the centering ridge (13)
This is a stepped bolt insertion hole that is opened through the top, and the cap bolt (16) can be inserted and removed from the upper part of the block body (11) as shown in FIGS. Will be inserted into. In that case, the large-diameter head (16a) of the cap bolt (16) has a bolt insertion hole (1
5) It is determined that the head part (16a) is locked to the intermediate step part (15a) and does not protrude from the upper surface (11b) of the block body (11). (17) is the cap bolt (16)
A nut screwed and fastened to the screw shaft portion (16b) of
Since it has an inverted T-shaped cross section corresponding to the key groove (14) of the machining table (T), there is no risk of idling in the key groove (14).

Therefore, after inserting the nut (17) into the key groove (14) of the machining table (T) so that it can slide in advance,
By screwing and fastening the cap bolt (16) from above, the block main body (11) is placed in a state where the centering ridge (13) is fitted in the key groove (14), and the machining table (T) is arbitrarily set. It can be positioned and fixed irremovably to the position.

Also, loosen the cap bolt (16) slightly and
It is also possible to change the fixed position of the block main body (11) with respect to the working table (T) by sliding it along 4). In addition, (16c) is the cap bolt (1
It is a locking groove for the rotary operation tool, which is cut out in the head (16a) of 6), and has a regular polygonal shape in plan view.

However, from the eccentric position of the lower surface (11a) of the kamaboko block body (11) whose cross-sectional shape is slightly larger than the semicircle,
As long as it is a jig (A) in which the centering ridge (13) acting as a key to the key groove (14) of the working table (T) is hung and hung, as shown in the modified embodiment of FIGS. , It does not matter if the installation of the bolt insertion hole (15) is omitted. Even in the case of the jig (A) of the modified embodiment, when it is positioned and fixed on the machining table (T) together with the workpiece (12) as will be described later, its centering ridge ( 13) is fitted with the key groove (14) of the processing table (T) as shown in FIG. 13, and the workpiece (12) is centered by the upper surface (11b) of the block body (11). Because it can be held at.

In any case, the holding jig (A) consisting of the block body (11) and the centering ridge (13) has a structure as shown in FIG.
It is used to support the work (12) as a set of 4 pieces that are planed from a metal round bar material (M) and cut into a certain length (L). Has become. For example, when manufacturing jigs (A) one by one from different metal round bars (M), the jigs (A) may be different from each other due to variations in dimensional accuracy of the round bars (M) themselves. Since a so-called pairing error also occurs in processing accuracy, it is manufactured at once in a way that a large number of jigs (A) to be used as the above group are taken from one common metal round bar material (M) By doing so, the centering accuracy for holding the workpiece can be improved.

In this case, since the cross-sectional shape of the block body (11) is formed to be slightly larger than the semicircle as described above, it is possible to reduce the scraping loss from the round metal rod material (M), which is useful for so-called material removal. In addition, since the shaft core (O) of the round bar (M) is left in the block body (11), the shaft core (O) is used as a reference and measured with a micrometer or the like. By doing so, it is possible to extremely easily inspect and repair the processing accuracy on the centering.

With the holding jig (A) of the above basic embodiment, the workpiece (1
When holding 2) on the machining table (T) of the machine tool, a total of four jigs (A) are used as one set, and the machining table (T) is used as shown in Figs. They are scattered around.

That is, since a large number of key grooves (14) are arranged in parallel in a row on the machining table (T) of the machine tool with a constant left-right mutual interval (P1) adjacent to each other, the workpiece (12) ) Centering each jig (A) so that a stable support pillow with a total of 4 jigs (A) can be formed for the workpiece (12) in consideration of the thickness and length of the jig (A). The ridge (13) is inserted into an arbitrary key groove (14) from above and fitted, and the cap bolt (16) is also inserted from above to the nut (17) previously inserted into the key groove (14). The block body (11) is positioned and fixed by screwing.

Then, the circumferential surface of the workpiece (12) placed over a total of four pieces of the jig (A) is in line contact with the arc convex curved upper surface (11b) of the block body (11). The work piece (12) is accurately centered in cooperation with the key fitting action of the centering ridge (13) with respect to the key groove (14). Will be kept.

In that case, since the centering ridge (13) of each jig (A) hangs from the block body (11) at a position eccentric by a certain amount (X), a comprehensive comparison of Figs. As suggested by, by reversing the direction of the block body (11),
Work piece (12) made by pairing right and left of adjacent jigs (A)
The support interval (S) can be adjusted to be wide or narrow, and as a result, the change in the thickness of the workpiece (12) can be immediately dealt with.

Further, if the thickness is constant, the height of the workpiece (12) protruding from the machining table (T) can be suppressed to a low level, and the supporting rigidity and stability in machining can be improved.
Further, since the block body (11) has the shape of a semi-cylindrical kamaboko that is larger than a semi-circle as described above, the circumferential surface of the workpiece (12) is supported so as to float above the machining table (T). It is easy and can also cope with the change in thickness of the workpiece (12).

Further, such an effect can be achieved in the same manner even in the holding jig (A) shown in the modified embodiment of FIGS. Even if the block body (11) is not positioned on the processing table (T) by using the cap bolt (16) and the nut (17) thereof as in the above-mentioned basic embodiment, the workpiece (12) is moved to the first position. When the presser foot (7) as shown in Fig. 17 or other known clamping means is used to press and fix the work table (T) from above, the holding jig (A) is also positioned and fixed together with this. It will be done.

In the case of the present invention, as the clamping means for the workpiece (12) held by the jig (A), conventionally known ones can be widely used, but especially the clamping means as shown in FIGS. If it is adopted, it can be said that it is more effective in that it can perform grooving and other machining over the entire length of the workpiece (12) without trouble.

In FIGS. 14 and 15 showing the effective clamp means, (18) is a pair of left and right clamp bases which face each other in an L-shape when viewed from the front, and which are key grooves (14) of the working table (T). The nut (19) passed through the inside and the cap bolt (20) screwed and fastened from above the nut (19) are installed and fixed to the working table (T). The cap bolt (20) and nut (19) have the same structure as the cap bolt (16) and nut (17) described above.

Reference numeral (21) is a plurality of horizontal screw holes penetratingly formed in the upright wall portion of the clamp base (18), and push bolts (22) are screwed in such a manner that the push bolts (22) can be moved forward and backward, The mounting height of the push bolt (22) can be adjusted by the individual screw holes (21). The screw hole (21) is selected according to the change in the thickness of the workpiece (12), and the push bolt (22) is screwed into the screw hole (21) to hold the presser foot described below from behind.

Further, (23) is a presser foot for laterally restraining the circumferential surface of the workpiece (12), and an elongated hole (24) extending along the lateral direction is opened in the presser foot. A stud bolt (25) generally standing upright from the clamp base (18) penetrates the long hole (24) and is fixed by a nut (26) from above. Reference numeral (27) is a support bolt that supports the presser foot (23) together with the stud bolt (25), and is screwed to the base end portion of the presser foot (23).

Therefore, when the presser foot (23) is pressed from the back by the push bolt (22) and the nut (26) is tightened, the tip of the presser foot (23) is circled on the workpiece (12). The workpiece (12) can be fixed so as to make lateral contact with the peripheral surface. Further, since there are no obstacles above the workpiece (12) in the fixed state, it is possible to perform groove processing over the entire length of the workpiece (12) without any trouble.

Further, the presser foot (23) is formed with a long hole (24) and a plurality of screw holes (21) are provided so that the push bolt (2) is formed.
Since the mounting height of 3) can be adjusted, it is possible to effectively respond to changes in the thickness of the workpiece (12).

In any case, when the workpiece (12) is held on the machining table (T), the adjacent left and right mutual intervals (P1) of the key grooves (14) on the machining table (T) are set to the workpiece (12). ) When it is too wide due to the relative relationship with the thickness, etc., prepare an auxiliary table (28) with an opening row of keyways (14a) with a narrow mutual gap (P2) as shown in Fig. 16. Then, this is installed and fixed in a stacked state on the processing table (T), and in the key groove (14a) of the auxiliary table (28) in the same manner as described above, the centering ridges (13) of the jigs (A) are arranged. ) Is inserted and fitted to support the workpiece (12) by the block body (11).

Reference numeral (29) is a key groove formed in the lower surface of the auxiliary table (28) by notching, and the key (30) is fitted between the key groove (14) of the processing table (T) and the key groove (14). ), The auxiliary table (28) is positioned and fixed to the processing table (T). The auxiliary table (2
Well-known clamping means can be widely used as the clamping means for the work piece 8) and the work piece (12).

In the illustrated embodiment, it has been described that a total of four holding jigs (A) are used as one set, but when holding a short work piece (12), the block body (11) is used. It is also possible to hold and use the workpiece (12) with a total of two jigs (A) as one set by lengthening the length (L) of the jig.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the jig (A) for a workpiece according to the present invention has a constant length (L) formed by machining a metal round bar (M) with a sectional shape larger than a semicircle. No kamaboko type block body (1
1) and a centering ridge (13) which is continuously and integrally hung from the eccentric position of the flat bottom surface (11a), and the centering ridge (13) is used as a machining table (T) of a machine tool.
Since the key groove (14) having an inverted T-shaped cross-section that is opened at the top is defined so that it can be freely inserted and removed from above, there is an effect that the problems of the prior art described at the beginning can be completely solved.

That is, in the case of the present invention, in the holding jig (A), the centering ridges (13) are continuously and integrally projected from the lower surface (11a) of the block body (11) supporting the workpiece (12), The centering ridge (13) is attached to the key groove (1
Since it is designed to be inserted into and fitted into 4) from above, the centering ridge (13) functions as a key for holding the work piece on the processing table (T), and the work piece (12) is automatically held. Therefore, the centering of the work (1) can be always maintained in an accurate centering state, and as a result, every time the work (1) is attached and detached as in the conventional case, the center of the work (1) by the V-block (2) is It is possible to quickly start the desired machining work without having to readjust the feeding condition one by one. It is remarkably excellent in the workability for its preparation.

Further, the centering ridge (13) projects from the eccentric position of the block body (11) and hangs down, and further, is inserted and fitted into the key groove (14) of the working table (T) from above so that it can be inserted and removed freely. Therefore, by changing the direction of the block body (11) and replacing it with the key groove (14), it is possible to cope with the change in the thickness of the workpiece (12). It is possible to obtain a stable and highly rigid supporting state according to the workpiece (12), and to predict various V-blocks (2) according to the change in the thickness of the workpiece (1) as in the past. There is no need to prepare many. In that sense, the mass production effect can be expected to the maximum.

In particular, if the structure of claim 2 is adopted, in addition to achieving the above-mentioned effect, the block body (11) of the jig (A) is provided with a cap bolt (16) and a nut (17).
Since it can be positioned and fixed to the processing table (T) in a retaining state, the workpiece (12) continues to be fixed.
There is an effect that the work of placing the work can be facilitated and the work (12) can be supported more stably and firmly.

Further, as described in claim 3, if the jig (A) of the present invention is made into one set of four pieces and this is processed and formed from one common metal round bar material (M), the round The so-called pair error of the jig (A) due to the dimensional variation of the rod (M) itself can be eliminated, and one set can be always finished with uniform and high accuracy, so the centering state of the workpiece (12) is secured. It is extremely useful as a tool for doing.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 are a front view, a plan view and a side view showing a basic embodiment of a holding jig according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a 4-4 of FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a processing state of the metal round bar material, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a modified embodiment of the holding jig corresponding to FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG.
8 and 9 are a perspective view and a plan view showing the usage state of the holding jig according to the basic embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG.
FIGS. 11 and 12 are sectional front views showing two kinds of holding jigs corresponding to FIG. 10 in which the orientation of the holding jig is reversed, and FIG. 13 is a sectional front view showing a holding jig according to a modified embodiment in a used state. Fig. 14 is a plan view showing the clamped state of the workpiece, and Fig. 15 is 15-15 in Fig. 14.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line, FIG. 16 is a sectional front view showing a state in which the auxiliary tables are stacked and used, and FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a conventional holding jig corresponding to FIG. (11) …… Block body (11a) …… Bottom surface (11b) …… Top surface (12) …… Work piece (13) …… Centering ridge (14) (14a) …… Key groove (15) …… Bolt insertion hole (16) …… Cap bolt (17) …… Nut (28) …… Auxiliary table (A) …… Holding jig (M) …… Metal round bar (T) …… Processing table (X) ...... Eccentricity

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A kamaboko type block main body (11) having a constant length (L) formed by processing a metal round bar (M) with a sectional shape larger than a semicircle, and an eccentricity of its flat lower surface (11a). A centering ridge (13) which is continuously and integrally hung from the position, and the centering ridge (13) is used for the machining table (T) of the machine tool.
A holding jig for a work, characterized in that the holding jig is for insertion and insertion from above into a key groove (14) having an inverted T-shaped cross section, which is open to the above. 2. A kamaboko type block body (11) having a constant length (L) formed by processing a metal round bar (M) with a cross-sectional shape larger than a semicircle, and an eccentricity of its flat lower surface (11a). From the position, the centering ridge (13) continuously and integrally hung down, and the stepped bolt insertion hole penetratingly opened along the vertical center line (H-H) of the centering ridge (13). (15) and the centering ridge (13) is provided on the machining table (T) of the machine tool.
The cap bolt (16) inserted from the bolt insertion hole (15) is inserted into the key groove (14) having an inverted T-shaped cross section which is opened at the top so that the cap bolt (16) is inserted from the above into the machining table (T). ) The block body (11) is positioned and fixed to the processing table (T) in a retaining state by being screwed and fastened to a nut (17) having an inverted T-shaped section which is inserted into the key groove (14). A holding jig for a workpiece, which is characterized in that 3. A kamaboko type block main body (11) having a constant length (L) whose cross-sectional shape is larger than a semi-circle, and a centering convex strip that continuously and integrally projects from an eccentric position of its flat lower surface (11a). A total of four holding jigs (A) including (13) are machined and formed from one common metal round bar (M), and a machining table of a machine tool ( T) An inverted cross-section T in which each of the centering ridges (13) is opened to the processing table (T) so as to be scattered on the upper surface.
The work piece (12) can be independently inserted into the V-shaped key groove (14) by inserting and inserting it from above so that the entire arc-shaped convex curved upper surface (11b) of the block body (11) can work independently. A method of using a holding jig for a work, characterized in that the work body (12) is held in a centered state and the block body (11) is reversed in orientation to cope with a change in the thickness of the work (12). .