JPH0699412A - Wood cementing plate for cementing structural material for wooden building and structural component - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the execution properties, strength and resistance to fire of a woody cmenting plate and prevent the generation of condensation by impregnating a thin wood veneer with synthetic resin liquid, carrying out moisture conditioning properly, and then applying a bonding agent, making the fiber direction of veneer parallel or partly crossing and laminating. CONSTITUTION:A wood veneer such as rotary veneer or slice veer is impregnated with synthetic resin liquid of condensation type, addition polymerization type or water solution type, and the water content is moisture conditioned to 20-30%. The fiber direction of the veneer is made parallel or partly crossing and laminated by using a bonding agent. Then, a laminate is heat compressed to the proper thickness by a hot plate press. A cemented plate is formed by using a reinforced veneer laminating material thus manufactured, and a woody cemented plate 7 thus manufactured is fixed by a bolt 8 from the side face of, for instance, a joint 5 or a connection of a pillar or a beam 4. Also the strength can be improved by inserting a thin metal sheet of aluminum or the like or a fibrous reinforcing material or the like among the veneers impregnated with resin.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wooden joining plate and a structural member for joining structural materials in a wooden building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Large-scale structural laminated lumber and structural lumber are used as main structural materials that form the skeleton of large-scale wooden buildings such as school facilities, sports facilities, and symbolic facilities in the area. Therefore, the structural strength of a wooden building is greatly influenced by the strength of the joints and joints of the columns and beams that make up the main structure. And (1) A steel plate is attached to the outside of the joint or the joint and is fixed with bolts.

(2) One or several steel plates are embedded in joints and joints with slits and embedded therein and fixed by drift pins or bolts.

(3) A splint or plywood gusset is attached to the outside of joints or joints of columns and beams made of lumber with bolts or nails.

(4) In order to secure a large internal space, when the skeleton is framed in an arch type using a laminated cross-section laminated material, a full-scale curved laminated material produced in a factory is used. It is delivered to the construction site and built directly.

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the invention] 1. Metal joint plates (metal fittings) that use steel plates and the like that have been generally used conventionally have the following drawbacks.

(1) Difficult workability Large metal fittings are heavy in weight, and mounting work on a large frame with poor scaffolding often involves various difficulties in terms of construction.

(2) Pre-drilling and associated initial rattling of buildings In the case of construction site joining, holes to pass bolts and drift pins are separately punched in the member to be joined with the metal fitting (first). Hole processing). At that time, it is necessary to make the diameter of the hole larger than the diameter of the bolt or the like used in consideration of a construction error. This may cause the initial rattling of the building after it is built.

(3) Fire resistance When the metal fittings are exposed, the metal fittings may be easily softened by a high temperature at the time of a fire and lose the joining function, which may cause the building to collapse. .

(4) Dew Condensation Similarly, when the metal fitting is exposed, dew condensation is likely to occur on the surface of the metal fitting in cold weather, which often induces decay of the wood portion of the joint portion.

2. If the members to be joined are lumber, splints or plywood gussets may be used, but in order to secure the required joining strength, the cross-section thickness should be adjusted to allow for the strength of splints or plywood gussets. If it is necessary to take a large amount and the joint portion directly touches the eyes, it may be unfavorable for the aesthetic appearance of the building.

3. In the case of an arch type structure with large-section structural laminated lumber, members such as a full-scale curved laminated lumber produced at the factory may be brought into a construction site using a large truck, etc. The parts may conflict with the provisions of the Road Traffic Act and may not be transported.

An object of the present invention is to solve such problems, improve workability, strength and fire resistance and prevent dew condensation.

[0014]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

1. For wood veneer such as rotary veneer and slice veneer,
Condensation type synthetic resin, addition polymerization type synthetic resin or aqueous solution type synthetic resin liquid is impregnated, the resin-impregnated veneer humidity adjusted to an appropriate water content, a liquid or paste adhesive, Alternatively, an adhesive sheet, a hot-melt type film or the like is used, and the fiber directions thereof are parallel or partially orthogonal to each other and laminated.

Next, heat to a proper thickness with a hot plate press.
A joining plate for joining structural materials in a wooden building is formed by using a wood-reinforced single-ply laminated material obtained by laminating and adhering while applying compression.

In the heating / compressing step, the breathing step of temporarily releasing the pressure at the time of pressurization may be performed several times.

In the laminating step, a reinforcing material such as a thin metal plate coated with an adhesive, a woven cloth or a tape-like compound fiber or inorganic fiber may be inserted between the resin-impregnated single plates and heated and compressed.

2. The wood reinforced veneer laminate is used to form wood gussets and wood joining pins.

3. A plurality of structural materials are joined and integrated by using the wooden joining plate, the wooden gusset and the wooden joining pin to form a structural member having a desired shape.

[0020]

[Action]

1. In order to understand the basic performance of the wood-reinforced laminated veneer, a 3 mm thick rotary veneer is dipped in water-soluble phenolic resin solutions for impregnation with different concentrations and then thickened with a hot plate press. 2.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1.0 mm (compressibility of 33%, 50%, and 67%, respectively) are heated and compressed to produce wood-reinforced veneers, and promotion of these wood-reinforced veneers. A deterioration test (dimensional stability test against heat and water) and a bending strength test were performed.

(1) The accelerated deterioration test is 4 cm × 4 cm
First, the test piece was dried completely, and then boiled for 4 hours and dried at 70 ° C. for 20 hours three times, and then dried again, and the thickness and weight of the veneer in each process were measured. did.

Spring back after completion of accelerated deterioration test (thickness expansion coefficient based on the veneer thickness in a completely dry state)
Became smaller as the concentration of the resin liquid increased. This corresponds to the decrease in the absorption rate, and it is considered that the resin impregnated in the veneer suppresses the intrusion of water, thereby imparting dimensional stability to the veneer.

Further, the springback sharply decreased as the impregnation rate (weight ratio of the resin solid content to the total dry weight of the veneer) increased. Here, considering springback 5% as the upper limit of the allowable dimensional change of the material, when the compression rate is 67%, the impregnation rate is around 17% or higher, and when the compression rates are 33% and 50%, the impregnation rate is around 25% or higher. , Each of which achieved this condition.

As a whole, if the impregnation rate is 25% or more,
It was found that the springback can be suppressed to 5% or less, and a wood-reinforced veneer with excellent dimensional stability can be obtained.

(2) In the bending strength test, a test piece having a width of 4 cm and a length of 10 cm was tested using an Instron wood testing machine.
Central concentrated load with a span of 7.5 cm is applied at a load speed of about 15 per minute.
The load was applied at 0 kgf / cm ² / min until the material was broken, and the bending load, the proportional limit load, and the amount of deflection for a constant load were measured.

The bending strength increases in proportion to the total dry specific gravity of the wood-reinforced single plate, and when the total dry specific gravity is 1.0, it is 2.000.
A value of not less than kgf / cm ² was obtained, and no difference was observed depending on the concentration of the resin liquid. The bending Young's modulus also increases in proportion to the total dry specific gravity of the wood-reinforced single plate, and when the total dry specific gravity is 1.0, a value close to 300 tf / cm ² is obtained, and when the resin liquid concentration is 15% or less. Although there was no difference depending on the concentration, there was a tendency for the resin liquid concentration to decrease slightly when the concentration was 30%.

As described above, it was found that the wood-reinforced veneer having a specific gravity of 1.0 or more can obtain a flexural strength performance about 3 to 4 times that of the original veneer, and has a basic performance as a joining member. I found out that

2. In the tensile test, the drift pin (diameter 12 mm) was penetrated by sandwiching the wood-reinforced single-ply laminate material (thickness 9 mm) between the two attached steel plates (thickness 9 mm) using the L-type laminated timber strength tester. Let me go.

The dimensions of the wood-reinforced single-ply laminate and the positions of the drift pins are shown in Table 1 according to the wood structure calculation g criterion.

[0030]

[Table 1] The force was applied by using a hydraulic cylinder, the load was measured by a load cell using a recorder, and the relative displacement of the added steel plate and the wood-reinforced single plate laminated material was measured by a strain displacement meter.

3. For the strength test of the full-scale test piece, using the L-type laminated lumber strength tester, wood-reinforced laminated veneer laminated material (thickness) was applied to the slits provided in the through-direct laminated lumber (width 15 cm, thickness 20 cm, length 100 cm) Length 9 mm, width 200 mm, length 4
(00 mm) was inserted, and an L-type joint test body in which a large number of drift pins (diameter 12 mm) were arranged was manufactured.

4. The wood-reinforced single-ply laminate material in which the fiber directions of the veneers are parallel to each other has great strength against the load in the fiber direction, and is therefore suitable for joining joints that receive a load in a single direction.

Further, since the wood-reinforced laminated veneer laminated material in which the fiber directions of the veneer are partially orthogonal to each other can evenly resist the load in multiple directions, the joint for joining a plurality of members orthogonal or oblique to each other. And the wood gusset according to claim 4.

5. The results of the tensile test and the full-scale destructive test are
The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0035]

【Example】

(Example 1) As shown in FIG. 1, a diameter of 21 to 25 cm,
Sugi logs with annual rings of 17 to 22 are fully immersed in water, and then heat-treated in warm water at 60 ° C for 24 hours, or 2
After boiling for 4 hours, a single plate having a thickness of 3 mm was collected using a rotary lace and cut into a length of 42 cm and a width of 26 cm. In addition, the veneer was made long in the direction parallel to the fibers and long in the direction perpendicular to the fibers.

The veneer sapwood and the heartwood were air-dried until the veneer was air-dried, and a 50% concentration phenol resin solution was added to the concentration 20%.
%, 15%, 10% and 5%, respectively, and soaked for 1 hour. The resin-impregnated veneer 1 is air-dried again to the air-dry state,
Humidity was adjusted at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 90% in a constant temperature and constant humidity apparatus, an adhesive was applied, and the mixture was laminated in nine layers and heated and compressed.

The conditions of heating and compression in the hot plate press are as follows, and in order to release the water vapor inside the resin-impregnated veneer 1 in the pressurizing process, the breathing step of temporarily decompressing was performed 0 to 3 times. Then, the wood-reinforced single plate laminated material 2 was obtained by maintaining the thickness to 9 mm under pressure.

Under any of the conditions, the hot plate press was taken out 40 minutes after the first pressurization was started.

The measurement was carried out by using a recorder, and the hot plate position,
Total pressure, temperature of each layer (back side of 1, 2, 3, 4 layer veneer)
Was measured at 20 second intervals.

Total number of stacks 9 layers (all parallel, all orthogonal and a mixture of parallel layers and orthogonal layers) Compression rate 67% (starting thickness 27 mm → finished thickness 9 m
m) Adhesive Resorcinol resin Coating amount 170 g / m ² single-sided coating Hot plate temperature 135 ° C. Pressing speed 10 mm / min Optimal treatment conditions in each step of the wood-reinforced veneer laminate 2 found by the above test Is shown below.

A. Pretreatment of logs When heated in warm water at 60 ° C for 24 hours, back cracking and uneven thickness of the veneer are reduced, and impregnation with the resin solution is appropriate.

B. Selection of veneer In the core material, only the sapwood is used because the impregnation rate of the resin liquid is about one third of the sapwood.

C. Impregnation of Resin Liquid In order to increase the impregnation speed of resin liquid, it is necessary to dry the veneer to the air-dry state. About 15% is suitable for the concentration of the resin liquid in order to obtain the impregnation rate of 25% by soaking for a short time of about 1 hour.

D. Humidity control of resin-impregnated veneer To reduce the stress generated in veneer during heating and compression,
It is necessary to adjust the water content of the resin-impregnated veneer 1 to 20 to 30%, and in order to keep the finished water content low, the water content of the resin-impregnated veneer 1 is preferably about 20%.

E. Pressing conditions A higher hot plate temperature and a lower pressurizing speed can reduce the stress, and the breathing process of about 3 times lowers the finished water content of the wood-reinforced veneer laminate 2 to reduce the thickness. The accuracy can be improved. Comprehensively examining the curing time of these, the adhesive and the phenol resin, a hot plate temperature of 135 ° C. and a pressing speed of 10 mm / min are suitable.

Example 2 In Example 1, the thickness is 1 m.
One aluminum plate 3 of m was inserted between each of 2 and 3 layers and between 7 and 8 layers. The dimensions of the aluminum plate are resin-impregnated single plate 1
The length was 42 cm and the width was 26 cm.

Similarly, in the case where the aluminum plate is 38 cm in length and 22 cm in width, which is smaller than the resin-impregnated single plate, the aluminum plate is embedded in the adhesive layer, and the appearance is the same as in Example 1. The same thing was obtained.

Further, in Example 1, the thickness is 0.65 m.
m satin weave type glass fiber woven fabric was inserted between each layer, one sheet in total, eight sheets in total. The glass fiber woven fabric had the same length as the resin-impregnated plate 1 of 42 cm and width of 26 cm.

(Embodiment 3) As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a wood joining plate 7 made of the wood reinforced veneer laminate 2 is fixed with bolts 8 from the side of a joint 5 of a pillar or a beam 4 or a joint 6. To do.

(Embodiment 4) As shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the wood joint plate 7 is embedded in one or several slits 9 provided in the joint 5 or the joint 6 of the pillar or beam 4, and the drift pin or The bolt was penetrated and fixed.

Further, the wood-bonded board 7 is coated with a resorcinol resin adhesive or the like to be bonded and bonded, and the wood-bonded board 7 is bonded with a bolt 8 or a drift pin or with the adhesive. You may fix together using the wooden joining pin 10 which consists of 2.

(Embodiment 5) As shown in FIG. 4, a wood gusset 11 made of the wood-reinforced single-ply laminate 2 was fixed with bolts 8 from the side surface of the joint 6 of the pillar or beam 4.

(Embodiment 6) As shown in FIG. 5, one or several slits provided in the joints or joints of two or more through-and-through laminated wood 12 are coated with resorcinol resin adhesive or the like wood. A unit 13 of structural laminated wood formed from a plurality of through-and-through laminated wood, in which the joining plate 7 is embedded and adhesively joined together.
Was produced.

At this time, a large number of the wood-bonding pins 10 or the bolts 8 or the drift pins coated with the adhesive can be pierced through the bonding portion to reinforce the bonding portion.

(Embodiment 7) As shown in FIG. 6a, a straight-through laminated member 12 and a curved laminated member 14 which are divided into a transportable size are combined, or as shown in FIG. 6b, a curved laminated member 14 is combined.
To obtain a large-scale curved structural laminated wood having a desired shape and function, which are connected and integrated by the wood joining plate 7.

[0056]

【The invention's effect】

1. By using a connector (hereinafter referred to as “wood connector”) including a wood connecting plate 7, a wood connecting pin 10 and a wood gusset 11 formed of a wood-reinforced single-layer laminated material, a conventional metal connecting tool ( The following effects can be expected as compared with joining with metal fittings).

(1) Improving the workability of buildings Large metal fittings are heavy, and mounting work on a large-scale frame at a high place often involves various difficulties in terms of construction. On the other hand, since the wooden connector has a small weight, the mounting work can be performed relatively easily, and workability and work safety are significantly improved.

(2) Improvement of pre-drilling and associated problem of initial rattling of buildings In the case of metal fittings, holes to pass bolts and drift pins are separately drilled in members to be joined with metal fittings ( Drilling). At that time, considering the construction error, the diameter of the hole
It is necessary to make a hole larger than the diameter of the bolt to be used. This may cause the initial rattling of the building after it is built.

Since the wooden connector can be easily pierced, it is possible to integrally pierce with a member to be joined at the time of construction because the weight is reduced and the workability is improved.
Pre-drilling that takes into account construction errors is no longer necessary, and the problem of initial play is improved.

(3) Excellent fire resistance When the metal fittings are exposed, since they are made of metal, they are easily softened by the high temperature at the time of fire and lose their joining function, causing the collapse of the building. May be.

The surface of the wood connector burns in the event of a fire, but the combustion action does not reach the inside due to the action of the carbonized layer formed on the surface. Therefore, assuming a fire in the cross-sectional thickness of the wood connector, and allowing for a suitable burning margin, the bonding function can be maintained well even in a fire.

For fixing, instead of bolts and drift pins,
Use of the wood joining pin 10 is more effective in terms of fire resistance.

(4) No Dew Condensation Similarly, when the metal fitting is exposed, dew condensation is likely to occur on the surface of the metal fitting in cold weather, and this often induces decay of the wood of the joint portion.

In the normal condition, the wooden connector does not cause dew condensation on the surface, and such a problem is solved.

2. Splints and plywood gussets are sometimes used as joints for columns and beams or joints for joints.However, since these joints have low strength, safety is expected to ensure the required joint strength. It is necessary to increase the thickness and area of the cross section, and this may impair the aesthetics of the building, especially where it is visible.

Since the wood connector made of the wood-reinforced single-ply laminated material has greater strength performance than ordinary wood,
It may be much smaller in size than conventional splints or plywood gussets, and such aesthetic problems are considerably improved.

3. When gluing laminated lumber for large-section structures into an arch type, curved gluing units that have been curved in advance at the factory may be brought into the construction site, but large members are subject to the Road Traffic Law. It may be impossible to carry because of conflict.

Then, the straight-through laminated wood which is easy to carry or the curved laminated wood of a size that can be carried is divided and carried in, and the wood connector is used as a connecting medium, and the resorcinol resin adhesive or bolts are used. If drift joints, wood jointing pins, etc. are used together for on-site joining, it will be possible to make on-site production of curved structural laminated wood with the same shape and function as those produced in advance at the factory.

4. In the heating / pressing process of the hot plate press, the water content of the resin-impregnated veneer is reduced by performing several breathing steps of decompressing after the completion of pressurization, thus reducing the finished water content of the wood-reinforced veneer laminate. ,
It is possible to prevent puncture due to the residual water vapor pressure when decompressing, and improve dimensional accuracy.

5. By adjusting the degree of compression by the hot plate press, the specific gravity of the wood reinforced veneer laminate can be freely changed, and therefore, the strength calculation is easy and the building design can be done freely.

6. A wood reinforced veneer laminated material with a thin metal plate such as aluminum or a reinforcing material inserted such as fiber can improve the strength performance as compared with the case of using only wood and also has excellent workability and durability of the wood reinforced veneer laminated material. It does not impair the dew condensation property, and therefore can be effectively used when high strength is required.

[Brief description of drawings]

[FIG. 1] An adhesive is applied to a plurality of resin-impregnated single plates to be laminated, and laminated and adhered while being heated and compressed by a hot plate press,
Explanatory drawing which shows the process of forming a wood-reinforced single plate laminated material.

FIG. 2 a. The perspective view which shows the Example which used the wooden joining board for a pillar or a beam as a joint. b. The perspective view which shows the Example which used the wooden joining board for a pillar or a beam as a joint.

FIG. 3 a. The perspective view which shows the Example which provided the slit in the pillar or the beam, embedded the wooden joining board, and used it as a connection using the bolt, the drift pin, or the wooden joining pin. b. The perspective view which shows the Example which provided the slit in a pillar or a beam, embedded the wooden joining board, and used it as a joint using a bolt, a drift pin, or a wooden joining pin.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which columns or beams are connected using a wooden gusset.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a state in which the straight laminated wood is connected by using a wooden joining plate.

FIG. 6 a. The front view which shows the state which connected the straight laminated wood and the curved laminated wood using the wooden joining board. b. The front view which shows the state which connected the curved laminated wood using the wooden joining board.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Resin Impregnated Veneer 2 Wood Reinforced Veneer Laminate 3 Aluminum Plate 7 Wood Joining Plate 10 Wood Joining Pin 11 Wood Gusset

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A thin wood veneer obtained by cutting wood is impregnated with a synthetic resin solution, and an adhesive is applied to the resin-impregnated veneer whose humidity is adjusted to an appropriate water content. A wood-bonding board for joining structural materials in a wooden building, which is composed of wood-reinforced single-ply laminated materials that are formed by laminating the fiber directions of the boards in parallel or partially orthogonally and then laminating and adhering while applying heat and compression. 2. A method for joining structural materials in a wooden building made of a wood-reinforced veneer laminate, characterized by performing a breathing step of temporarily decompressing when pressurizing the wood-reinforced veneer laminate. Wood bonded board. 3. In the step of laminating a wood-reinforced single-ply laminated material,
A wood material for joining structural materials in a wooden building consisting of a wood-reinforced veneer laminated material that is formed by inserting an adhesive coated metal thin plate or a reinforcing material such as fiber between resin-impregnated veneers and heating and compressing Bonding board. 4. A wood gusset formed of the wood-reinforced laminated veneer material according to claim 1, 2, or 3. 5. A wood joining pin formed by the wood reinforced single plate laminated material according to claim 1 or 2. 6. A wooden structure integrally formed by joining a plurality of structural materials into a desired shape by using the wooden joining plate according to claim 1, 2 or 3 or the wooden joining pin according to claim 5. Structural members in buildings.