JPH0643648Y2 - refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a Stirling refrigerator for cooling, for example, an infrared element or a superconductor to an extremely low temperature (generally means a temperature of 100K or less).

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of a conventional Stirling refrigerator. The Stirling refrigerator shown in the figure is called a split-type Stirling refrigerator and is a typical example of the Stirling refrigerator.

In FIG. 3, the split Stirling refrigerator is roughly divided into a compressor (1), a cold finger (2) and a connecting pipe (3) connecting them. The compressor (1) comprises a cylinder (4) and a piston (5), the piston (5) being driven by an electric motor (not shown in the figure) via a connecting rod (6) and a crank (7). And reciprocates inside the cylinder (4).
A cylinder head (8) is attached to an upper portion of the cylinder (4), and an internal space defined by the cylinder (4), the piston (5) and the cylinder head (8) is called a compression chamber (9). . A mechanical member for driving the piston (5) such as the crank (7) is housed in a housing (10) of the (10), and the housing (10) is partitioned from the compression chamber (9) by the housing (10). The space inside 10) is called the parc chamber (11). The cylinder (4),
The cylinder head (8) and the housing (10) are joined to each other so as to maintain airtightness with the outside, and the compression chamber (9) and the bulk chamber (11) inside have a high pressure such as helium or hydrogen. Is filled with the working gas. A piston ring (12) is attached to a side surface of the piston (5) so that the working gas does not pass through a clearance between the piston (5) and the cylinder (4). A fin (13) is provided on the outer surface of the cylinder (4) to enhance heat radiation to the outside. The above is the configuration of the compressor (1). On the other hand, the cold finger (2) has a cylindrical low temperature cylinder (14) and a displacer (15) slidably reciprocating in the low temperature cylinder (14). The space inside the low temperature cylinder (14) is the displacer (15).
It is divided into two parts by the displacer (15).
The space above is called the low temperature chamber (16) and the space below is called the high temperature chamber (17). A regenerator (18) and a gas passage hole (19) are provided inside the displacer (15), and the low temperature chamber (16) and the high temperature chamber (17) pass through the regenerator (18) and the gas passage. The regenerator (1) is connected through a hole (19).
The inside of 8) is filled with a cold storage material (20) such as copper wire mesh. A seal ring (21) is fitted to the side portion of the displacer so that the working gas does not pass through the clearance between the low temperature cylinder (14) and the displacer (15). A control cylinder (22) and a control chamber (23) are provided below the cold finger (2) and attached to the lower end of the displacer (15) (24).
The control piston passes through the high temperature chamber (17) and the control cylinder (22) and projects into the control chamber (23). A seal ring (25) is attached to the control cylinder (22) so that the working gas does not pass through the clearance between the control cylinder (22) and the control piston (24). Each chamber of the cold finger (2) described above is filled with a high-pressure working gas such as helium or hydrogen as in the compressor (1). The above is the configuration of the cold finger (2), and the compression chamber (9) of the compressor (1) and the high temperature chamber (17) of the cold finger (2) communicate with each other through the connecting pipe (3). ing. The compression chamber (9) and the connecting pipe (3)
The internal space, the low temperature chamber (16), the high temperature chamber (17), the regenerator (18) and the gas communication hole (19) are in communication with each other, and these chambers as a whole are combined into a working chamber ( 26).

The operation of the conventional refrigerator configured as described above will be described. The piston (5) reciprocates in the cylinder (4) to give a sinusoidal wave to the gas pressure in the working chamber (26) from the compression chamber (9) to the low temperature chamber (16). On the other hand, since the volume of the bulk chamber (11) is sufficiently larger than the stroke volume of the piston (5), the gas pressure inside does not change much even when the piston (5) reciprocates. The seal ring (25) attached to the control cylinder (22) of the cold finger (2) is almost completely resistant to a short cycle pressure change such as the pressure wave of the gas in the working chamber (26). The gas pressure in the control chamber (23) is maintained almost at the average value of the gas pressure in the working chamber (26) because the sealing is incomplete when viewed over a long period of time.

FIGS. 4 to 7 explain the operation principle of the conventional apparatus in the order of the refrigeration cycle.

In one process of the cycle shown in FIG. 4, the piston (5) of the compressor (1) is located in the lower part of the cylinder (4), and the displacer (15) of the cold finger (2) is located.
Is located above the cold cylinder (14). Between FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the piston (5) rises to compress the gas in the working chamber (26).

The fins (13) on the outer circumference of the cylinder (5) are for releasing heat generated by compression to the outside.

At the time of FIG. 5, the gas pressure in the working chamber (26) is higher than the gas pressure in the control chamber (23), and the downward force generated in the control piston (24) by this pressure difference is due to the seal ring ( The displacer (15) begins to move downward by overcoming the static frictional forces of (21) and (25) and then moved to the lower part of the cryogenic cylinder (14) as shown in FIG. As the displacer (15) moves, the gas in the high temperature chamber (17) passes through the regenerator (18) and moves to the low temperature chamber (16). At this time, the regenerator (18) is filled with the regenerator material (20). ) Absorbs heat from the passing gas and lowers the temperature of the gas. In the process from FIG. 6 to FIG. 7, the piston (5) of the compressor (1)
Lowers to expand the gas in the working chamber (26), and this expansion further lowers the temperature of the gas in the low temperature chamber (16) and absorbs heat from the surroundings of the upper part of the cold finger. This endothermic action plays a role of cooling off the object to be cooled as a refrigerator. Since the pressure in the working chamber (26) decreases due to the expansion of the gas, the gas pressure in the control chamber (23) is higher than that in the working chamber (26) at the time of FIG. The force exerted upward on the control piston (24) by this differential pressure is the seal ring (2
Overcoming the static frictional forces of 1) and (22), the displacer (15) begins to move upward and moves to the upper part of the cryogenic cylinder (14) as shown in FIG. With the movement of this displacer (15), the low temperature gas in the low temperature chamber (16) passes through the regenerator (18) and the regenerator material (20) inside the regenerator (18).
The cold heat is stored in the gas and the gas itself rises in temperature and flows into the high temperature chamber (17). The refrigerating operation is performed by repeating the above cycle.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The conventional device as described above has the following problems.

In the process shown in FIGS. 4 to 5 in which the piston (5) rises and compresses the gas in the working chamber (26), the thermal resistance between the working gas and the inner wall of the compression chamber (9) is large, so during compression The generated heat is not sufficiently transmitted to the cylinder (5) and the heat radiation fin (13), and the working gas flows from the compression chamber (9) through the connecting pipe (3) into the high temperature chamber (17) while keeping the temperature high. . Since the refrigerating efficiency of the refrigerator decreases as the gas temperature in the high temperature chamber (17) increases, the conventional refrigerator has a problem of low refrigerating efficiency, that is, high power consumption.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to improve the refrigerating efficiency of the refrigerator by sufficiently dissipating the heat generated during compression to the outside air, and to obtain a refrigerator with low power consumption. .

[Means for solving problems]

The refrigerator according to the present invention comprises a radiator having a plurality of thin gas passage holes arranged in parallel between the high temperature chamber and the connecting pipe.

[Action]

In this invention, the working gas that exits the compression chamber enters the radiator through the connecting pipe, enters the high temperature chamber after performing sufficient heat dissipation in the radiator, and thus the temperature rise in the high temperature chamber can be suppressed. .

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention,
In (1), the compressor and the connecting pipe of (3) are exactly the same as those of the conventional device. Regarding the cold finger of (2), the cold finger of (27) is placed between the high temperature chamber (17) and the connecting pipe (3). It differs from the conventional device in that a radiator is attached, and has the same structure except the above. FIG. 2 shows the details of the radiator (27). A large number of thin gas passage holes (28) are arranged in parallel in the radiator (27) in order to increase the heat radiation area without increasing or reducing the pressure loss of gas. Further, a heat radiation fin (29) is provided on the outer circumference of the radiator (27) to enhance the heat radiation to the surrounding atmosphere. The high greenhouse (17) and the connecting pipe (3) communicate with each other through the gas passage hole (28) of the radiator (27).

The above-described refrigerator of the present invention has the same principle as that of the conventional refrigerator, but the heat generated in the compression process of the working gas is generated by the working gas through the gas passage holes of the radiator (27). When it passes through (28), it is transmitted to the radiator (27) and is discarded from the surface of the radiation fin (29) to the surrounding atmosphere.

Therefore, in the refrigerator of the present invention, the working gas sufficiently radiates heat in the radiator (27) and then flows into the high temperature chamber (17), so that the gas temperature rise in the high temperature chamber (17) can be suppressed and the refrigeration efficiency can be improved. A refrigerator with high power consumption, that is, low power consumption can be realized.

[Effect of device]

As described above, the present invention has a simple structure in which a radiator having a plurality of thin gas passage holes arranged in parallel is provided between the connecting pipe and the high temperature chamber, so that the temperature of the working gas rises due to the heat generated by the compression. Therefore, there is an effect that refrigeration efficiency is improved, that is, power consumption is reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 2 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 to 7 are views for explaining a conventional refrigerator. In the figure, (1) is a compressor, (2) is a cold finger, (3) is a connecting pipe, (4) is a cylinder, (5) is a piston, (8) is a cylinder head, and (9) is a compressor. (1
4) low temperature cylinder, (15) displacer, (16)
Is a low temperature chamber, (17) is a high temperature chamber, (27) is a radiator, and (28) is a gas passage hole. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A compression system comprising a cylinder, a cylinder head for closing one end surface of the cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, and a compression chamber partitioned by the cylinder, the cylinder head and the piston. Machine, a tubular low-temperature cylinder, a display racer that divides the interior of the low-temperature cylinder into a low-temperature chamber and a high-temperature chamber, and reciprocates the low-temperature cylinder, and a plurality of units that are connected to the high-temperature chamber and are arranged in parallel. A cold finger having a radiator provided with a gas passage hole, and a connecting pipe for connecting the compression chamber of the compressor with the radiator of the cold finger. Machine.