JPH0640386A - Midget submarine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a midget submarine having a simple structure and proper maneuverability and excellent in stability and safety. CONSTITUTION:A midget submarine is provided with a thrust generation section 5, main wings 18 having a chord camber protruded downward, an elevator 10, and a rudder 13. The main wings 18 have an elastic structure and are formed into sweep-forward wings, and the specific gravity is set slightly smaller than 1 as a whole.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small submersible suitable for marine leisure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, as leisure time has increased due to the spread of the two-day work week, a great deal of attention has been given to marine leisure, so-called leisure at the sea. Among them, there is a great interest in underwater leisure, but conventionally, there is no small-scale submersible for one or two people for leisure use, and only a few for research and investigation. It was nothing more than

[0003]

By the way, for research and investigation, for diving and levitating, the specific gravity as a whole is taken from 1 by taking water in and out of the ballast tank in the same manner as a normal submarine. Since the movement is made small or large and the movement in water is performed by making the outputs of a plurality of thrust generators different, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated and mobility is lacking. And
If a failure occurs with a specific gravity of 1 or more as a whole, the diving state will be continued and there was a problem in safety. Also, underwater submersible vehicles are different from underwater vessels in that the stability is determined only by the relationship between the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy, and because of its structure, the distance between the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy cannot be increased, and this lacks stability. However, in the past, because stability was secured by increasing the distance between the center of gravity and the center of buoy by loading ballast on the bottom of the submersible, the entire submersible became heavier,
This method was unsuitable for small submersibles that required light maneuverability.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a small submersible which is simple in structure, has suitable movability, and is excellent in stability and safety.

[0005]

According to one aspect of a small submersible vehicle of the present invention, a thrust generator, a main wing whose camber of the chord is convex downward, an elevator, and a rudder are provided. Is a forward blade having an elastic structure, and the specific gravity as a whole is slightly smaller than 1.

According to another aspect of the small-sized submersible vehicle of the present invention, a thrust generator, a main wing whose camber of the chord is convex downward, an elevator, and a ladder are provided, and buoyancy is applied to both wing tips of the main wing. The same specific float is attached, and the specific gravity as a whole is slightly smaller than 1.

[0007]

According to the above construction, the specific gravity as a whole is made slightly smaller than 1, and the camber of the chord has the main wing which is convex downward, so that the negative wing generated in the main wing during forward movement is reduced. Since it is designed to dive by lift, the structure is much simpler than that having a ballast tank or the like. Further, even if the vehicle stops due to a failure, the specific gravity as a whole is slightly smaller than 1, so that it naturally floats on the surface of the sea, which is highly safe. In addition, since the main wing is a forward wing with an elastic structure, the leading edge of the wing tip is twisted and deformed when a sudden dive motion is performed, thereby exerting the action of reducing negative lift, so Change is eased and safety is higher.

Further, according to the present invention, since the floats having the same buoyancy are attached to both wing tips of the main wing, a certain amount of the buoyancy acts on the long position of the moment arm which is separated from the center of the submersible to the left and right. As a result, sufficient roll stability is secured without increasing the distance between the center of gravity and the center of gravity of the body of the submersible. Therefore, since no ballast or the like is required, the entire submersible becomes lighter, and light maneuverability is obtained. If the float can be replaced with one having different buoyancy, it can be easily changed to various specifications having different balance of stability and maneuverability according to the skill of the operator, which is very convenient. Further, the floats attached to both wing tips of the main wing have an effect of promoting the twisting deformation of the leading edge of the wing tip in the case of a rapid submerged motion, whereby the change of the movement attitude is further alleviated.

In addition to the above-mentioned structure, if the operator's seat is of a water-immersed type and the operator wears a wet suit and receives oxygen from an oxygen cylinder when boarding, the operator will have a water resistant structure and pressure resistance. Since the structure is unnecessary except for the power unit, the structure is simpler and the weight is reduced. Further, if it is connected to the mother ship via a cable, the maneuverability is slightly impaired, but the safety is further increased.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiment. 1 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of an embodiment of a small submersible vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the above embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the above embodiment.

The submersible boat according to this embodiment has a body 1 having a monocoque structure made of FRP and having a so-called teardrop shape as a whole.
An annular strength member 2 made of corrosion-resistant aluminum casting or the like is incorporated slightly rearward of the center portion. A waterproof power unit 4 having a built-in motor is fixed to a mount member 3 extending rearward from the annular strength member 2, and a contra-rotating propeller 5 is attached to a rotation shaft (not shown) of the power unit 4. , The rotation of the rotor generates thrust in the forward direction. Further, a duct 6 surrounding the contra-rotating propeller 5 is attached to the rear part of the body 1 so as to efficiently generate thrust.

Immediately in front of the annular strength member 2 at a substantially central portion of the body 1, there is provided a cockpit 7 (a structure into which water can enter) equipped with a windshield that can be opened and closed rearward via a hinge. Provided, pilot 8 puts himself in a wetsuit,
It is adapted to be boarded while being supplied with oxygen from an oxygen cylinder 9 arranged in the annular strength member 2. An elevator 10 is attached to a front portion of the body 1, and the elevator 10 is connected to a control stick 12 of a cockpit 7 via a link mechanism 11, and the left and right ladders that interlock with each other are provided at rear ends of the duct 6. 13 and 13 are attached, and the ladders 13 and 13 are attached to the cockpit 7 via the wire mechanism 14.
The operator 8 operates the control stick 12 and the foot pedal 15 to perform the posture control of this embodiment.

In the front and rear parts of the body 1 with the cockpit 7 in between,
It is filled with buoyancy materials 16 and 17 for generating preliminary buoyancy, which balance the front and rear and position the buoyancy center of the submersible on the upper side, and make the specific gravity of the submersible as a whole slightly smaller than 1. There is. Further, on the left and right side surfaces slightly rearward of the central portion of the body 1, the annular strength member 2 is provided with main blades 18 and 18 which are forward blades having an elastic structure in which the camber of the chord is downwardly convex and which have elastic structures. It is fixed. The main wings 18, 18 are provided with ailerons 19, 19 connected to the control stick 12 via a wire mechanism 27, respectively, and both wing tips have a winglet (small wing) structure, and buoyancy is applied to both wing tips. Equal float 2
0 and 20 are detachably attached. The floats 20 and 20 can be exchanged with those having different buoyancy.

A telephone which connects a mother ship (not shown) and this embodiment to the upper part immediately after the cockpit 7 and enables communication between the power line for supplying power to the waterproof power unit 4 and the operator 8 and the mother ship. An umbilical cable 21 having a built-in wire or the like is connected. In addition, in the vicinity of the connection portion of the umbilical cable 21, an acoustic oscillator 22 arranged at the rear of the cockpit 7
A built-in sounding body 23, which is generated by a signal from, is used to inform a mother ship (not shown) of the position of this embodiment.

Further, a suspending hook 24 which can be stored in the body 1 is attached to the front of the cockpit 7 of the body 1, and a suspending eye 25 is attached to the roots of both main wings 18 of the body 1. These are used for hoisting the present embodiment by a wire or the like of the hoisting device of the mother ship. On the lower surface of the rear part of the body 1, an inspection cover that can be opened and closed to inspect the waterproof power unit 4 is provided.

Since this embodiment is constructed as described above, the operator 8 wears a wetsuit and gets on the cockpit while receiving the supply of oxygen from the oxygen cylinder 9, and the waterproof type power unit 4 is used. When the contra-rotating propeller 5 is rotated to generate thrust, the submersible starts forward movement, and at that time, a negative lift is generated on the main wing 18 whose camber of the chord is downwardly convex. Enter the state. Then, if the operator 8 operates the elevator 10, the ladder 13 and the aileron 19 as appropriate, he / she can freely move around the sea. At that time, electric power is supplied from the mother ship via the umbilical cable 21, and a telephone call is performed between the operator 8 and the mother ship. Further, the sound emitted from the sounding body 23 is captured by the passive sonar of the mother ship, etc., and the position of the submersible is confirmed. When disembarking, it is stored in the mother ship by returning to the mother ship and hoisting it with a wire or the like of a hoisting device.

The method of use of this embodiment has been described above. In this embodiment, the overall specific gravity is slightly smaller than 1, and the main wings 18, 18 whose camber of the chord is convex downward. And has main wings 18 and 18 during forward movement.
Since it is designed to dive due to the negative lifting force generated at, the structure becomes much simpler than that having a ballast tank or the like. Further, even if the vehicle stops due to a failure, the specific gravity as a whole is slightly smaller than 1, so that it naturally floats on the surface of the sea, which is highly safe. Moreover, the main wing 1
Since 8 and 18 are forward wings having an elastic structure, normally, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the leading edge of the wing tip whose angle of attack is −α, for example, undergoes an abrupt dive motion. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the blade is deformed by being twisted up so that the attack angle of the blade tip becomes, for example, + β, thereby exerting the action of reducing the negative lift, so that the change in the movement posture is alleviated. , Safety is further enhanced.

Further, since the floats 20 and 20 having the same buoyancy are attached to both wing tips of the main wings 18 and 18, FIG.
As shown in, the moment arms L, which are separated from the center of the submersible to the left and right, have a certain buoyancy b,
b will act, and as a result, the center of buoyancy of the submersible boat B
Sufficient roll stability is secured without increasing the distance between the center of gravity G and the center of gravity G. Therefore, since no ballast or the like is required, the entire submersible becomes lighter, and light maneuverability is obtained.
Since the floats 20 and 20 can be exchanged with those having different buoyancy, it can be easily changed to various specifications having different balance of stability and mobility according to the skill of the operator 8, which is very convenient. is there. Further, the floats 20 and 20 attached to both wing tips of the main wings 18 and 18 have an action of promoting twisting deformation of the leading edge of the wing tip in the case of rapid submersive movement, which further improves the change in the movement posture. Will be alleviated.

Further, in the submersible boat of this embodiment, the cockpit 7 is of a water-immersed type, and the operator 8 wears a wet suit and is supplied with oxygen from the oxygen cylinder 9. The structure becomes unnecessary except for the power unit 4 and the like, and as a result, the structure becomes simpler and the weight is reduced. In addition, since it is connected to the mother ship via the umbilical cable 21, the operability is slightly impaired, but the safety is further increased.

The small submersible boat according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, by removing the umbilical cable 21 and incorporating a power source such as a battery, it is possible to move freely underwater. Is also good.
Further, instead of the contra-rotating propeller 5, the propeller portion may be composed of one front propeller and one propeller-shaped stator that returns the rotational flow generated by the front propeller to a parallel flow.

[0021]

As described above, the small submersible vehicle according to the present invention has a practically important advantage that it is simple in structure, has appropriate maneuverability, and is excellent in stability and safety. ing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an internal structure of an embodiment of a small submersible boat according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in angle of attack of a wing tip of a main wing when an abrupt subduction motion is performed.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the buoyancy of the float attached to the wing tip of the main wing, and the center of gravity and the center of gravity of the submersible boat.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 body 2 annular strength member 3 mount member 4 waterproof type power unit 5 double reversal propeller 6 duct 7 pilot seat 8 operator 9 oxygen cylinder 10 elevator 11 link mechanism 12 control stick 13 rudder 14, 27 wire mechanism 15 foot pedal 16, 17 Buoyant Material 18 Main Wing 19 Aileron 20 Float 21 Umbilical Cable 22 Acoustic Oscillator 23 Sounding Body 24 Suspending Hook 25 Suspending Eye 26 Inspection Cover

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A thrust generator, a main wing whose camber of the chord is convex downward, an elevator, and a ladder, wherein the main wing is an advancing wing having an elastic structure, and the overall specific gravity is 1 A small submarine characterized by being made slightly smaller. 2. The small submersible boat according to claim 1, wherein floats having equal buoyancy are attached to both ends of the main wing. 3. A thrust generator, a main wing whose camber of the chord is convex downward, an elevator, and a rudder, and a float of equal buoyancy is attached to both wing tips of the main wing, and the specific gravity of the whole is increased. A small submarine characterized by being slightly smaller than 1. 4. The small submersible according to claim 2, wherein the float is replaceable with one having different buoyancy. 5. The small submersible according to claim 1, wherein the cockpit is of a flooded type. 6. The small submersible according to claim 1, wherein the small submersible is connected to a mother ship via a cable.