JPH0626761B2 - Comb blade type lathe - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an improvement in a comb-blade lathe capable of performing center work.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a comb-blade type lathe of this type, for example, a real cutting machine 60
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 29003 is known.

It is equipped with a plurality of tool holders aligned in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the spindle that is pivotally supported by the spindle stock and rotates, and is parallel to and perpendicular to the spindle axis along the guide surface of the machine base. A flat tool post that is controlled to move in a direction, and a tailstock that is movable along a different guide surface that is arranged opposite to the guide surface of the machine base across the axis of the main shaft, When the workpiece is cut by supporting both ends by the headstock and tailstock, the flat tool rest is retracted in the direction parallel to the axis of the spindle and once moved away from the support area of the workpiece. The tool holder to which the tool necessary for the next step is fixed is positioned at the processing position by the movement control of the flat tool rest in the right-angled direction, and the cutting is sequentially performed.

In other words, the conventional comb-blade lathe is provided with two guide surfaces facing each other around the main axis on the bed, one guide surface is used for the flat tool post, and the other guide surface is used. This is a tailstock, and the flat tool rest can be moved to the side opposite to the headstock beyond the tailstock.

However, although it is possible to perform center work with such a thing, it is necessary to provide two guide surfaces facing each other across the main axis on the bed, so it takes time to manufacture and the whole size increases, There was a difficulty that the cost was high.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been devised in order to solve the above problems in view of the above problems. It is to provide a comb-blade lathe that can be made compact and at low cost.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A comb-blade lathe according to the present invention includes a bed having a guide surface on one side around a spindle, and a headstock provided on the bed and having a rotatable spindle. A flat tool rest provided so as to be movable in the spindle direction and a direction perpendicular to the spindle with respect to the guide surface of the bed, and a plurality of tools capable of cutting at predetermined intervals in the spindle right direction of the flat tool rest, A tailstock equipped with a center that is capable of supporting a work piece with the spindle of the headstock and is provided so as to be movable in the spindle direction with respect to the guide surface of the bed opposite to the headstock across the flat tool rest. And an avoidance space that is formed in the tailstock and allows movement of the tool and the flat tool post in the spindle direction in order to retract from the workpiece and also allows movement in the spindle orthogonal direction at these retracted positions, The feature is that it is composed of.

(Operation) The both ends of the workpiece are supported by the spindle of the headstock and the center of the tailstock, and the workpiece is rotated by rotating the spindle of the headstock.

Then, the workpiece is cut by any one of the tools provided on the flat tool rest by appropriately moving the flat tool rest in the main axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the main axis.

When cutting a work piece by using another tool provided on the flat tool post, move the tool and the flat tool post along the main axis direction toward the tailstock side to retract from the work piece, and at the retreat position. Move the tool and the flat tool rest in the direction perpendicular to the spindle, and again move the tool and the flat tool rest along the spindle toward the work piece side.In this case, the avoidance space is formed in the tailstock. Since the tool and the flat turret can move in the main axis direction and in the direction perpendicular to the main axis, there is no interference with the tailstock.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described based on drawing.

FIG. 1 is a main part plan view showing a comb-blade lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view thereof. FIG. 3 is a side view thereof.

The comb blade type lathe 1 includes a bed 2, a headstock 3, a flat tool rest 4,
The tool 5, tailstock 6, and avoidance space 7 constitute a main part thereof.

The bed 2 is provided with a guide surface 8 on one side with the main axis O as the center.

In this example, a vertical type is used, and a pair of vertical upper and lower guide surfaces 8 extending in the main axis direction Z (horizontal direction in FIG. 2).
Are formed.

The headstock 3 is provided with a rotatable main shaft 9 provided on the bed 2.

In this example, the main shaft 9 is fixed to the left side of the bed 2, the main shaft 9 is rotationally changed by a drive mechanism (not shown), and the main shaft 9 is equipped with a chuck 10.

The flat tool rest 4 is provided so as to be movable in the main axis direction Z and the main axis orthogonal direction X with respect to the guide surface 8 of the bed 2.

In this example, the reciprocating body 11 is provided so as to extend over the pair of guide surfaces 8 of the bed 2 so as to be movable in the main axis direction Z, and the main shaft is provided along the dovetail-shaped guide portion 12 formed in the reciprocating body 11. A lateral feed body 13 provided so as to be movable in a right-angled direction X (vertical direction in FIG. 2), and an NC device 1 provided on the left side of the bed 2.
The reciprocating body 11 and the transverse feed body 13 are each operated by a feed mechanism (not shown) which operates in accordance with a predetermined program in accordance with the command signal of No. 4.

Thus, the transverse feed body 13 is provided with two T grooves 15 over the entire length in the direction X perpendicular to the main axis.

The tools 5 are a plurality of tools that are provided so as to be cut at predetermined intervals in the direction X perpendicular to the main axis of the flat tool rest 4.

In this example, the case where four items are provided is shown, and the two adjacent items, such as the first (lowest) and the second, and the third and fourth (the highest) are processed. They are made to face each other at a required interval larger than the diameter of the article W, and are used in the first to fourth steps in order from the first one.

Then, each tool 5 is attached to the tool holder 16 by the bolts 17, and the tool holder 1 is provided with the T groove 15 of the transverse feed body 13.
Is fixed by a T nut (not shown) and a bolt 18 inserted therein.

The tailstock 6 is provided movably in the spindle direction Z with respect to the guide surface 8 of the bed 2 on the opposite side of the headstock 3 with the flat tool rest 4 interposed therebetween. The center 19 capable of supporting the workpiece W is provided.

In this example, a tailstock main body 20 that is provided so as to straddle a pair of guide surfaces 8 of the bed 2 and to be movable in the main axis direction Z along the guide surfaces 8.
A clamp bolt (not shown) provided on the tailstock body 20 and fixed at an arbitrary position on the guide surface 8, and the tailstock body 20.
A tailstock movable body 21 that is provided on the movable body 21 and is movable in the main-axis direction Z.
And a center 19 fitted to the tip of the tailstock movable body 21,
The tailstock main body 20 is provided with a tailstock cylinder 22 that operates a tailstock movable body 21 and that varies the pressing force of the center 19 against the workpiece W.

The avoidance space 7 is formed in the tailstock 6 and allows the tool 5 and the flat tool rest 4 to move in the main spindle direction Z in order to retract from the workpiece W, and at the same time, in the retreat position, the main spindle orthogonal direction X.
To move to.

In this example, a first cutting portion 23 formed on the front side and the inner side (guide surface 8) of the tailstock body 20 of the tailstock 6 to avoid the flat tool rest 4, and the center immediately after the center 19. The tool 5 and the tool holder 16 are formed inside the push movable body 21.
For avoiding the second cutting portion 24, two tools 5 that are formed inside from the tip of the tailstock movable body 21 to the second cutting portion 24 and that face each other, and the flat tool rest 4 between them. It is composed of a third cutting portion 25.

The second cutting portion 24 and the third cutting portion 25 are formed in consideration of these because the cutting edge of the tool 5 matches the main axis O and the tool holder 16 projects outward from the main axis O. Has been done.

Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration.

First, after the flat tool rest 4 with the tool 5 mounted thereon is positioned at the retracted position shown by the solid lines in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transverse feed body 13 of the flat tool rest 4 is moved in the direction X at the right angle to the main axis by the feeding mechanism. The lowermost tool 5 that is moved and used in the first step is positioned at the machining position shown by the solid line in FIG.

After moving the tailstock 6 along the guide surface 8 of the bed 2 to the position corresponding to the length of the workpiece W in the main-axis direction Z as shown by the solid lines in FIGS. Fixed according to.

In this case, the tailstock 6 includes the first to third cutouts 23, 2
The avoidance space 7 consisting of 4, 25 is formed, and
Since the distance between the two adjacent tools 5 is set to be larger than the diameter of the workpiece W and the tip of the tailstock moving body 21, the tools 5 and the flat tool rest 4 and the tailstock 6 may interfere with each other. Absent.

Then, one end of a work W such as a round bar or a cast forged product that has been cut or roughened to a predetermined length and has both end faces rubbed with a center is gripped by a chuck 10 mounted on the spindle 9 of the headstock 3, and
The other end of the workpiece W is supported by the center 19 of the tailstock 6, and a predetermined pressing force is applied by the tailstock cylinder 22 of the tailstock 6.

After that, the spindle 9 and the chuck 10 of the spindle stock 3 are rotated by the drive mechanism to rotate the workpiece W, and as described above,
Flat tool post 4 with the lowest tool 5 positioned at the machining position
Is advanced in the main axis direction Z to a position where the workpiece W exists in the state as it is, and the cutting process of the first step is performed according to a program predetermined by the NC device 14.

When the first step is completed, the flat tool rest 4 is returned so that the cutting edge of the second tool 5 comes close to the center 19, and then the second step is performed.

Similarly, when it becomes necessary to position the tool 5 used in the next step at the machining position, the flat tool rest 4 is retracted in the main spindle direction Z to the retracted position in order to retract from the workpiece W, and At this retracted position, the transverse feed 13 is moved in the direction X perpendicular to the spindle with respect to the reciprocating body 11, whereby the tool 5 required in the next step is positioned at the machining position and then moved again in the direction Z of the spindle. And perform cutting.

When carrying out a check operation, the tailstock 6 is positioned at the rearmost part of the guide surface 8 of the bed 2 or is removed from the guide surface 8 so as not to get in the way.

In this embodiment, since two tool 5 are opposed to each other so that two such sets are adjacent to each other, only one tool such as the tool array disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-29003 is used. Compared with the case where the other parts are opposed to each other and the rest are not opposed to each other, the transition time to the next step is shortened and the length of the flat tool rest 4 can be shortened.

In the above embodiment, the bed 2 is provided with a pair of guide surfaces 8, that is, a single guide surface, and is shared by the flat tool rest 4 and the tailstock 6, but the present invention is not limited to this. The two guide surfaces 8 may be juxtaposed on one side of the bed 2 in an adjacent state.

Although the guide surface 8 of the bed 2 is vertical in the previous embodiment, the bed 2 is not limited to this and may be horizontal or inclined.

The bed 2 was provided with the NC device 14 in the previous embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, it may not be provided.

In the above embodiment, the headstock 3 has a chuck 1 attached to its main shaft 9.
Although 0 is mounted, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a spindle center may be mounted.

In the above embodiment, the flat tool rest 4 has the tool holder 16 having the tool 5 directly attached to the transverse feed body 13, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a support body that can be attached to and detached from the transverse feed body 13 is provided. Alternatively, the tool holder 16 having the tool 5 may be attached depending on the work content and the entire support may be replaced.

Although the number of the tools 5 is four in the above embodiment, the number of tools is not limited to four, but may be three or more if two adjacent tools are opposed to each other, and two or more if not.

In the above embodiment, the tool 5 has an arrangement in which two objects are opposed to each other and two pairs of such objects are adjacent to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, only two objects are opposed and the rest are not opposed. It may be an array.

Although the tool 5 is fixed to the transverse feed body 13 of the flat tool rest 4 via the tool holder 16 in the above embodiment, the tool 5 is not limited to this, and may be directly fixed to the transverse feed body 13, for example.

Although the tool 5 is used in the first to fourth steps in order from the lowest order in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be used in the first to fourth steps in order from the highest order. Is also good.

In the previous embodiment, the tailstock 6 has a so-called curved surface such as a shaft hole and a shaft as the guide surfaces of the tailstock body 20 and the tailstock movable body 21, but the present invention is not limited to this. And tailstock body 2
It may be flat like a guide surface of 0.

Although the tailstock 6 is configured so that the tailstock movable body 21 is operated by the tailstock cylinder 22 in the above-described embodiment, the tailstock movable body 21 is not limited to this, and the tailstock movable body 21 is manually operated via a screw mechanism, for example. You may make it operate according to.

Although the tailstock 6 is mounted on the guide surface 8 of the bed 2 and fixed by the clamp bolts in the previous embodiment, the tailstock 6 is not limited to this. An operating mechanism may be provided. In this case, the tailstock main body 20 and the tailstock movable body 21 can be integrated.

The avoidance space 7 is the first to third excision portion 2 in the previous embodiment.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed by enlarging the center 19 and cutting it, or by cutting the center 19 and the tailstock movable body 21. May be.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

(1) Since it is composed of a bed, headstock, flat tool rest, tool, tailstock, and avoidance space, it requires less labor and is more compact than a conventional comb-blade lathe capable of center work. The cost can be reduced.

(2) Since only the avoidance space is formed in the tailstock, it is easy to manufacture itself.

(3) Since only the tailstock is changed, it can be applied to an existing comb-blade lathe without tailstock very easily, and center work can be performed.

(4) Since the flat tool post is retracted here by forming an avoidance space in the tailstock, the retractable movement distance of the flat tool post can be shortened compared to the conventional comb blade type lathe that can perform center work. The work efficiency can be improved accordingly.

(5) Since there is no guide surface on both sides of the main axis as in the conventional comb-blade type lathe capable of center work, the work piece can be easily attached and detached.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main part plan view showing a comb-blade lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view thereof. FIG. 3 is a side view thereof. 1 ... Comb-blade lathe 2 ... Bed 3 ... Headstock 4 ... Flat turret 5 ... Tool 6 ... Tailstock 7 ... Avoidance space

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A bed having a guide surface on one side of a main axis, a head stock provided on the bed and having a rotatable spindle, and a main axis direction and a direction perpendicular to the main axis with respect to the guide surface of the bed. A movable turret, a plurality of tools that can be cut at predetermined intervals in the direction perpendicular to the main axis of the flat turret, and a bed on the opposite side of the main turret with the flat turret in between. Of the tailstock provided with a center capable of supporting the workpiece between the spindle and the spindle of the headstock, and is retracted from the workpiece formed on the tailstock. A comb-blade lathe characterized by comprising a tool and a flat tool post that allow movement in the direction of the main axis and an avoidance space that allows movement in the direction perpendicular to the main axis at their retracted positions.