JPH0624806U - Collet type inclined work fixture for lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The work mounting part (chuck) is unitized to facilitate the turning of inclined surfaces, making it easy to replace the work mounting part.
Further, the collet chuck is used to automate the work attachment, and an air passage is provided in the rotor to which the unit is attached to prevent the invasion of cutting chips. [Structure] The work attaching part is unitized, the collet 7 is built in the unit 4, the unit 4 and the mechanism for operating the collet 7 are separated, and the unit is attached to the chuck body 2 and the air passages 22, 23 in the rotor. , 2
4 and 25 are formed.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 This invention relates to a special chuck for a lathe workpiece (hereinafter referred to as a work). More specifically, the present invention relates to a chuck for fixing the axis of a workpiece, which is a workpiece, obliquely to the axis of the main spindle for turning, and particularly a collet chuck unitized.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 A chuck body having a plurality of chuck claws for gripping a work is attached to the spindle end of the lathe, that is, the front end face of the spindle. Move the chuck claw in the direction perpendicular to the axis to grab the work. In some cases, the machined surface of this work is an inclined axis or inclined surface that has a predetermined angle with the axis of the preprocessed portion (axis of the gripped portion). In order to process these specially shaped workpieces, a jig including a chuck was manufactured for each shape of this workpiece, and the entire jig was replaced. To replace the chuck, the entire work fixture, including the chuck jaws, was replaced.

That is, in order to replace the special chuck, the entire chuck, which is a heavy object including the chuck main body fixed to the end of the spindle, was replaced, so it took time to perform the setup change and the operating rate of the machine tool was lowered. I was letting it.

Particularly, when the axis of the main shaft and the axis of the gripped part of the work have an angle and are oblique, if the work fixture is set at an angle to attach the work, the type of the work is also changed. Since the angle of the inclined surface is also various, it is necessary to rationalize the replacement of the work fixture.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 This invention was devised in this technical background, and achieves the following objectives.

The object of the present invention is to incorporate a collet in which the axis of the gripped part of the work has an inclination angle with respect to the main axis into the unit main body, and perform a turning process on a surface inclined to the gripped part. It is to provide a work fixture capable of performing.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a work attaching tool capable of automatically changing a work.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a work fixture in which the collet and the unit main body are unitized so that the work fixture can be easily replaced and the working rate of the machine is improved.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a work mounting tool which is provided with a compressed air passage to prevent chips from entering.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 This device adopts the following means in order to achieve the above object.

According to the present invention, a chuck body is provided on a front end surface of a spindle of a lathe, a unit body is detachably attached to the chuck body, and is obliquely set in the unit body with respect to an axis of the spindle. A collet that has a working axis and that moves forward and backward in the direction of the working axis to grip a workpiece; a rod that passes through the center of the spindle and moves forward and backward in the axial direction of the spindle; and a rear end side of the collet and the rod. A moving mechanism that is provided in the chuck body between the front end side of the collet and moves forward and backward of the collet in conjunction with the forward and backward movement of the rod; and a spring that constantly biases the collet backward. It is a collet type inclined work fixture for a lathe.

Further, a balance weight may be attached to the chuck body.

Further, it is preferable to provide a continuous compressed air passage penetrating the rod, the chuck body, and the unit body so that compressed air is sent from the rod to the collet side.

[0014]

[Action]

 When the rear end of the collet chuck is pushed forward through the interlocking mechanism, the chucking is released. A part of the work fixture with a built-in collet chuck is unitized, the interlocking mechanism for moving the collet chuck is separated, and the unit body is detached from the chuck body.

The balance weight prevents the occurrence of vibration due to the rotational balance of the rotating body when the unit rotates. In addition, compressed air prevents chips from entering the collet chuck.

[0016]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. The main shaft 1 of the lathe is a shaft that is rotatably supported on the lathe body side and rotates the workpiece. The chuck body 2 is fixed to the spindle end 1a with bolts 3.

A cylindrical unit body 4 is coaxially integrated with the chuck body 2 with bolts 5 or the like. The unit body 4 is inserted into the fitting hole 6 of the chuck body 2. A ring body 35 is fixed to the rear end surface 4 of the unit body by an adjusting set screw 36. The ring body 35 is formed with a tapered hole serving as a reference surface when the unit body 4 is attached.

An oblique shaft hole having a tapered circumferential surface and opening at the front end surface of the unit body 4 is provided in the collet body 4 (matching the unit body). The unit body 4 is a unit that can be attached to and detached from the chuck body 2. The front end surface of the unit main body 4 is formed as a surface perpendicular to the oblique shaft hole.

A collet 7 having an outer peripheral surface having a surface matching the tapered inner peripheral surface is fitted into the collet body 4. The collet body 4 and the collet 7 constitute a so-called collet chuck. Therefore, the collet 7 can be opened and closed in the radial direction by moving forward and backward in the diagonal direction. A collet pad 8 is integrally coupled with the collet 7 on the inner peripheral surface side of the front end of the collet 7, and the gripped shaft portion of the work W is gripped at the center by a closing operation.

At the rear end of the collet 7, a spring receiver 9 is positioned by a pin and integrally connected by a bolt, and a spring, for example, a disc spring, is provided between the step wall of the unit body 4 and the flange of the spring receiver 9. 10 is provided, and the collet 7 is always pulled in the direction in which it is tightened by the tapered surface of the unit body 4, that is, in the rearward direction (the diagonal leftward direction in the drawing). Further, the disk 11 is fitted tightly into the chuck body 2, and a taper shaft that fits into the taper hole of the ring body 35 is formed at the front end portion for positioning the ring body 35. Has been done.

The main shaft 1 has a center hole 12 for the main shaft at the center thereof, and a rod 13 is passed through the center hole 12. The rod 13 also extends to the coaxial hole at the center of the chuck body 2. The front end of the tail portion 14 is screwed onto the rear end of the rod 13. An air tube 15 is press-fitted in the centers of the rod 13 and the draw tube 14.

Although not shown, the draw tube 14 is connected to a piston of a chuck cylinder for driving a chuck on the rear end side of the draw tube 14, and moves forward and backward in the center hole 12 by supplying and discharging a pressure fluid. be able to. The rod 13 is provided with a vertical hole 16 that opens to one side. The vertical holes 16 are provided in the chuck body 2 with vertical holes 17 communicating with the vertical holes 16. A tilting lever 18 is inserted into the vertical holes 16 and 17. The tilt lever 18 is tiltably supported by a pin 19 attached to the chuck body 2.

A head portion of a tilting lever 18 is inserted into the vertical hole 16 of the rod 13, and a leg portion of the tilting lever 18 is inserted into the vertical hole 17 of the chuck body 2. An oblique shaft hole 20 is formed in the chuck body 2, and a drive pin 21 is fitted in the oblique shaft hole 20. One end of the drive pin 21 is in contact with the side end surface of the leg portion of the tilting lever 18, and the other end is in contact with the tail end surface of the spring receiver 9 connected to the rear end of the collet 7. Both end faces of the drive pin 21 are formed in a spherical shape.

An air passage 22 is provided in the rod 13, and an air passage 23 connected to the air passage 22 is provided. The air passage 23 is inserted into a hole provided at the center of the disc 11 so that air does not leak. Therefore, the air passage 23 communicates with the air reservoir 24 formed on the rear end face side of the unit body 4 through the center hole. Branch air passages 25 and 26 are branched from the air reservoir 24 and are provided in the unit body 4. The branch air passage 26 is an inner space of the collet 7, and the branch air passage 25 is an annular space in which the disc spring 10 is inserted.

A work guide 28 is inserted inside the collet 7 and is fixed to the unit body 4 with bolts. A hole is made in the center of the work guide 28, and a positioning shaft portion 29 of the work is detachably inserted into the hole. Further, balance weights 30 having various weights are attached to the chuck body 2 in an exchangeable manner. Reference numeral 31 denotes a front cover, which serves as an axially advancing end of the collet, and abuts the workpiece W end on the front end for axial positioning.

Operation In the description of the above-mentioned structure, the transfer means such as a robot for automatically attaching and detaching the workpiece was not described, but the operation of the chuck cylinder (not shown) for moving the rod 13 and the work by the robot. The attachment / detachment of W with respect to the collet 7 is automatically performed by the NC device of the machine tool or the robot controller. The spindle 1 is also positioned in the direction of the rotation axis (C axis) around the spindle axis when the work W is attached and detached.

When the chuck cylinder operates and the rod 13 moves backward to the left, the tilting lever 18 tilts around the pin 19, the side ends of the legs move to the right, and the drive pin 21 is pushed diagonally to the right. . When the drive pin 21 pushes the spring receiver 9 to the right, the collet 7 moves to the right in the oblique shaft hole 20 of the unit body 4, and the disc spring 10 is compressed.

When the collet 7 advances a little, its taper portion expands, the collet pad 8 also expands, and the processed work W can be pulled out. When supplying the unprocessed work W, the work W is inserted into the collet pad 8 with the collet pad 8 expanded, and the end of the work is brought into contact with the front cover 31 to position the work W in the axial direction. Is done. When the rod is moved to the right by a chuck cylinder (not shown), the drive pin 21 and the spring receiver 9 are tilted in the direction of separation, and the spring receiver 9 is pushed back by the returning force of the disc spring 10. The work W is guided by the work guide 28 and is gripped in the radial direction by the collet pad 8. At this time, since the work W is inserted into the chuck of this embodiment while maintaining the state in which the previous process is removed by the robot, the spindle 1 is positioned in the C-axis direction, that is, the unit body 4 is rotated in the rotation direction. The work W and the unit body 4 can be positioned in the rotational direction only by positioning and can be attached and detached.

When the main shaft 1 of the lathe rotates, the collet 7 rotates integrally with the chuck body 2, the tilt lever 18, etc., and the work W also rotates, and the work W tilts with respect to the axis line of the gripped shaft. The shaft is turned. The compressed air supplied to the air pipe 15 opening at the center of the rod 13 when the work W is attached or detached passes through the air passages 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 and enters the internal space of the collet 7, When the work 8 is pulled out, the chips adhering to the slanted end surface of the unit body 4, the front cover 31, the collet pad 8 and the like are prevented from entering the collet 7.

When the type of the work W is changed, the unit body can be easily converted as follows. When turning another workpiece, for example, a workpiece whose inclined surface angle is different from that shown, loosen the bolt 5 and pull it out. When the unit body 4 is held by hand and pulled to the front (to the right in the figure), the unit body 4 and the ring body 35 are pulled out by sliding on the inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole 6 of the chuck body 2.

Since the exchange unit also has the collet 7 built in the unit body 4, the unit body 2 is fitted into the fitting hole 6 and attached to the chuck body 2 with the bolt 5. Then, the balance weight 30 is also replaced. Since the center of gravity of the unit main body 4 and the weight of the work W are different, a balance weight is selected for rotational balance.

In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the work W is automatically replaced by using the robot has been described, but the work W may be replaced manually. In this case, the work W may be inserted after positioning the spindle 1 in the C-axis direction, and the work W may be visually positioned in the rotation direction, or the rotation direction positioning portion between the unit body 4 and the work W may be positioned. May be formed.

[0033]

[Effect of device]

 Since the mechanism for moving the collet chuck and the unit containing the collet chuck are provided separately, the unit can be easily replaced according to various works, and the operating efficiency of the machine can be improved. Also, since the collet chuck is used as the diagonal shaft chuck, the work replacement can be automated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Spindle 2 ... Chuck body 4 ... Unit body 5 ... Bolt 6 ... Fitting hole 7 ... Collet 10 ... Disc spring 13 ... Rod 15 ... Air tube 18 ... Tilt lever 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 ... Air passage 30 ... Balance weight

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A chuck body provided on a front end surface of a spindle of a lathe, a unit body detachably attached to the chuck body, and an operation set obliquely with respect to an axis of the spindle in the unit body. A collet that has an axis and that moves forward and backward in the operating axis direction to grip a workpiece; a rod that passes through the center of the main spindle and moves forward and backward in the axial direction of the main spindle; a rear end side of the collet and a front end of the rod. Side of the lathe, which is provided in the chuck main body between the side and the side to move the collet forward and backward in conjunction with the forward and backward movements of the rod, and a spring for constantly biasing the collet backward. Collet type inclined work fixture. 2. The collet type inclined work fixture of a lathe according to claim 1, wherein a balance weight is attached to the chuck body. 3. The lathe collet according to claim 1, wherein a compressed air passage is provided continuously through the rod, the chuck body, and the unit body, and the compressed air is sent from the rod to the collet side. Type inclined work fixture.