JPH0622151B2 - Liquid circulation type battery - Google Patents
Liquid circulation type batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0622151B2 JPH0622151B2 JP59266814A JP26681484A JPH0622151B2 JP H0622151 B2 JPH0622151 B2 JP H0622151B2 JP 59266814 A JP59266814 A JP 59266814A JP 26681484 A JP26681484 A JP 26681484A JP H0622151 B2 JPH0622151 B2 JP H0622151B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- active material
- electrode active
- negative electrode
- positive electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 4
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/70—Arrangements for stirring or circulating the electrolyte
- H01M50/77—Arrangements for stirring or circulating the electrolyte with external circulating path
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は液体循環型電池に関し、さらに詳しくは正、負
極活物質共に液状である二次電池または燃料電池等の液
体循環型電池に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid circulation type battery, and more particularly to a liquid circulation type battery such as a secondary battery or a fuel cell in which both positive and negative electrode active materials are liquid.
（従来の技術） 正負極活物質が共に液状である電池として著名なもの
に、活物質再生型燃料電池やレドックス・フロー型二次
電池（活物質を電池化学的に再生する燃料電池）があ
る。従来、これらの電池においては、正、負極活物質を
それぞれ一基ずつの独立した容器に貯蔵するか、または
各活物質を数基ずつの容器に分離貯蔵していた。第４図
は、従来の２タンク方式レドックス・フロー型電池シス
テムの説明図であるが、正、負極活物質はそれぞれ別の
タンク１、２に貯蔵され、ポンプ３ａ、３６によりそれ
ぞれ電池セルスタック４の各セルに導入され、電解反応
が行なわれる。本電池（鉄−クロム電池）の場合、正極
活物質量を負極活物質量より１０〜２０％程度多く使用
して、両活物質間の充放電状態のアンバランスの影響を
小さくする処置がとられ、したがって、実際の大型二次
電池システムにおいても、正極液タンクは負極液タンク
よりも若干大型のものが用いられる。(Prior Art) Well-known batteries in which both positive and negative electrode active materials are liquid are active material regenerative fuel cells and redox flow secondary batteries (fuel cells in which active materials are chemically regenerated by batteries). . Conventionally, in these batteries, each of the positive and negative electrode active materials is stored in an independent container, or each active material is separately stored in several containers. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a conventional two-tank type redox flow type battery system. Positive and negative electrode active materials are stored in different tanks 1 and 2, respectively, and the battery cell stack 4 is pumped by pumps 3a and 36, respectively. Is introduced into each cell and the electrolytic reaction is performed. In the case of the present battery (iron-chromium battery), the amount of the positive electrode active material used may be 10 to 20% larger than the amount of the negative electrode active material so as to reduce the influence of the imbalance in the charge / discharge state between the both active materials. Therefore, even in an actual large-sized secondary battery system, the positive electrode liquid tank is slightly larger than the negative electrode liquid tank.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） しかし、このような電池システムにおいては、貯蔵容器
を最低２基必要とし、電池建造費の低減および電池設備
所要面積の縮小を行なう上で限界があった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a battery system, at least two storage containers are required, and there is a limit in reducing the battery construction cost and the battery equipment required area.
本発明の目的は、上述の電池システムにおいて、正、負
極活物質の貯蔵を１個の簡単かつ安価な容器で行なうこ
とができる液体循環型電池を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid circulation type battery in the above-mentioned battery system, which can store the positive and negative electrode active materials in one simple and inexpensive container.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明者らは、液状の正、負極活物質を用いる電池にお
いては、両極液を循環使用するため、その液量（液レベ
ル）にほとんど変動がなく、従って１個の貯蔵容器を両
極液の液面レベルがほぼ一致するところ、換言すれば両
極液が接する面の液圧がほぼ等しいところに簡単かつ安
価な合成樹脂シートを設置し、分割して両極液の貯蔵容
器としても、十分実用上の強度を有することに着目し、
本発明を完成したものである。(Means for Solving the Problem) In the battery using the liquid positive and negative electrode active materials, the present inventors circulate and use the bipolar liquid, so that the liquid amount (liquid level) hardly changes. Therefore, install a simple and inexpensive synthetic resin sheet in one storage container where the liquid levels of the bipolar liquids are almost the same, in other words, where the liquid pressures of the surfaces in contact with the bipolar liquids are almost equal, and divide them into bipolar electrodes. Focusing on having sufficient practical strength as a liquid storage container,
The present invention has been completed.
本発明は、正極室および負極室を有する電池セルスタッ
クと、液状である正極活物質および負極活物質をそれぞ
れ貯蔵する貯蔵容器とを備え、上記正極活物質および負
極活物質をそれぞれ上記正極室および負極室に循環させ
て電解反応を行わせる液体循環型電池において、上記貯
蔵容器を正極活物質および負極活物質の液面レベルがほ
ぼ一致するところで合成樹脂シートにより分割し、該分
割された各室にそれぞれ正極活物質および負極活物質を
貯蔵するようにしたことを特徴とする。The present invention includes a battery cell stack having a positive electrode chamber and a negative electrode chamber, and a storage container that stores a liquid positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material, respectively, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material respectively the positive electrode chamber and In a liquid circulation type battery that circulates in a negative electrode chamber to carry out an electrolytic reaction, the storage container is divided by a synthetic resin sheet when the liquid level of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are substantially the same, and each of the divided chambers is divided. The positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are respectively stored in
本発明に用いられる合成樹脂シートは該シートの両面に
かかる水圧がほぼ等しい、両極液の液面レベルがほぼ一
致するところに設置されるため、該合成樹脂シートの材
料は、自らの形状を保持できる程度の構造強度を有し、
耐食性材料であればよい。Since the synthetic resin sheet used in the present invention is installed at a place where the water pressures applied to both sides of the sheet are almost equal and the liquid level of the bipolar liquid is almost the same, the material of the synthetic resin sheet retains its own shape. It has enough structural strength,
Any corrosion resistant material may be used.
上記分割された貯蔵容器の各室内には、液が押出し流で
流れるように、壁面と接する端部に交互に空隙を有する
半仕切板を設けることもできる。この半仕切板も自らの
形状を保つことができる強度を有していればよい。In each chamber of the above-mentioned divided storage container, a semi-partition plate having voids alternately at the end contacting the wall surface may be provided so that the liquid flows in the extruding flow. The semi-partition plate may also have strength enough to maintain its own shape.
本発明の貯蔵容器が適用される二次電池の構成を第１図
に示す。この装置は、槽７内をプラスチックシート６で
仕切って形成した正極液タンク１および負極液タンク２
と、両極液タンク１、２の各液をそれぞれポンプ３ａお
よび３ｂによりセルスタック４に送液するライン５ａお
よび５ｂとからなる。鉄−クロム電池の場合、充電状態
では例えば２価のクロムイオン（Ｃｒ2+）の水溶液と３
価の鉄イオン（Ｆｅ3+）の水溶液とがそれぞれのタンク
１および２に貯えられ、これをセルスタック４に流す
と、正極ではＦｅ3+が電子を１個受け取って２価のＦｅ
2+となり、負極ではＣｒ2+が電子を１個を失い３価のＣ
ｒ3+となる。負極と正極で授受された電子は、図示しな
い外部回路を通って仕事をし、電力を放出する。FIG. 1 shows the structure of a secondary battery to which the storage container of the present invention is applied. This apparatus comprises a positive electrode liquid tank 1 and a negative electrode liquid tank 2 formed by partitioning a tank 7 with a plastic sheet 6.
And the lines 5a and 5b for feeding the respective liquids of the bipolar liquid tanks 1 and 2 to the cell stack 4 by the pumps 3a and 3b, respectively. In the case of an iron-chromium battery, in the charged state, for example, an aqueous solution of divalent chromium ions (Cr 2+ ) and 3
An aqueous solution of valent iron ions (Fe 3+ ) is stored in the respective tanks 1 and 2, and when this is passed through the cell stack 4, Fe 3+ receives one electron at the positive electrode and receives divalent Fe.
2+ , and in the negative electrode, Cr 2+ loses one electron and is trivalent C.
It becomes r 3+ . The electrons transferred between the negative electrode and the positive electrode work through an external circuit (not shown) and emit electric power.
上記実施例によれば、タンクを簡単なプラスチックシー
ト６で仕切るだけで、従来の２個のタンクを１個のタン
クにすることができ、装置構成を簡単かつコンパクトに
することができるとともに、電池建造費の低減を図るこ
とができる。According to the above-mentioned embodiment, by simply partitioning the tank with the simple plastic sheet 6, two conventional tanks can be made into one tank, and the device configuration can be made simple and compact, and the battery can be made compact. The construction cost can be reduced.
第２図および第３図は、それぞれ半仕切板を設けた本発
明のさらに好適な実施例を示す貯蔵タンクの正面図およ
び平面図である。この貯蔵タンク７は、プラスチックシ
ート６を設けて一個のタンク内に両極液の貯蔵室を設け
る点は第１図の実施例と同じであるが、各貯蔵室に懸垂
型半仕切板８と直立型半仕切板１０（第２図）および平
面仕切板９（第３図）を液の入口から出口方向に交互に
設けた点で異なる。2 and 3 are respectively a front view and a plan view of a storage tank showing a further preferred embodiment of the present invention provided with a half partition plate. This storage tank 7 is the same as the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that a plastic sheet 6 is provided and a storage chamber for the bipolar liquid is provided in one tank, but a suspension type semi-partition plate 8 and an upright plate are provided in each storage chamber. The difference is that the mold half partition plate 10 (Fig. 2) and the flat partition plate 9 (Fig. 3) are provided alternately from the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet.
このような半仕切板を設けることにより、ライン５ａお
よび５ｂから流入した液は、半仕切板によって形成され
た流路（小室）を押出し流によって流れ、最後の室より
出た液がポンプ３ａ、３ｂによって電池セルスタックに
送液されるので、タンク内の活物質の偏在の問題を解決
することができる。従来は活物質の偏在の問題を解決す
るために、タンクに攪拌機を設けて完全混合型のタンク
にするか、偏在を無視する形で充放電が行なわれていた
が、本発明によれば、活物質の偏在を逆に利用して、充
放電エネルギー効率を例えば従来の約１０％向上させる
ことができ、また充電到達深度が大きく改善されるの
で、充放電エネルギー密度も約２０％向上する。また、
鉄−クロムレドックス・フロー型二次電池の充放電エネ
ルギー効率も約５％程度向上することができる。By providing such a semi-partition plate, the liquid that flows in from the lines 5a and 5b flows through the flow path (small chamber) formed by the semi-partition plate by the extruding flow, and the liquid that comes out of the last chamber is pumped by the pump 3a, Since the liquid is sent to the battery cell stack by 3b, the problem of uneven distribution of the active material in the tank can be solved. Conventionally, in order to solve the problem of uneven distribution of the active material, a tank is provided with a stirrer to form a complete mixing type tank, or charging / discharging is performed in a manner that ignores uneven distribution, but according to the present invention, By conversely utilizing the uneven distribution of the active material, the charge / discharge energy efficiency can be improved by, for example, about 10% of the conventional level, and the charging depth can be greatly improved, so that the charge / discharge energy density is also increased by about 20%. Also,
The charge / discharge energy efficiency of the iron-chromium redox flow type secondary battery can be improved by about 5%.
（発明の効果） 本発明によれば、１基の活物質貯蔵タンクを正極液と負
極液の液面レベルがほぼ一致するところで仕切って正極
液タンクと負極液タンクとするため、該仕切材として自
らの形状を保持するだけの構造強度を有する、簡単かつ
安価な合成樹脂シートを用いることができ、これによ
り、従来の電池システムにおいて限界であった電池建造
費および電池設備所要面積の低減および縮小を同時に図
ることができる。例えばタンク（容器）建造費で約３０
％、タンク所要面積で約４０％の低減が可能となる。(Effect of the Invention) According to the present invention, one active material storage tank is partitioned off at a position where the liquid levels of the positive electrode liquid and the negative electrode liquid are substantially the same to form the positive electrode liquid tank and the negative electrode liquid tank. It is possible to use a simple and inexpensive synthetic resin sheet that has the structural strength to retain its own shape, which reduces and reduces the battery construction cost and the area required for battery equipment, which were the limits of conventional battery systems. Can be achieved at the same time. For example, the tank (container) construction cost is about 30
%, The required area of the tank can be reduced by about 40%.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例であるレドックス・フロー
型二次電池の構成を示す説明図、第２図および第３図
は、それぞれ本発明における貯蔵容器の好適な実施例を
示す正面図および平面図、第４図は、従来の２基の貯蔵
容器を用いた二次電池の構成を示す説明図である。 １……正極液タンク、２……負極液タンク、３ａ、３ｂ
……送液ポンプ、４……電池セルスタック、５ａ、５ｂ
……送液管、６……プラスチックシート。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a redox flow type secondary battery which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are front views showing preferred embodiments of the storage container of the present invention. FIG. 4, a plan view, and FIG. 4 are explanatory views showing the configuration of a conventional secondary battery using two storage containers. 1 ... Positive electrode liquid tank, 2 ... Negative electrode liquid tank, 3a, 3b
...... Liquid feeding pump, 4 …… Battery cell stack, 5a, 5b
…… Liquid supply pipe, 6 …… Plastic sheet.
Claims (1)
ックと、液状である正極活物質および負極活物質をそれ
ぞれ貯蔵する貯蔵容器とを備え、上記正極活物質および
負極活物質をそれぞれ上記正極室および負極室に循環さ
せて電解反応を行わせる液体循環型電池において、上記
貯蔵容器を正極活物質および負極活物質の液面レベルが
ほぼ一致するところで合成樹脂シートにより分割し、該
分割された各室にそれぞれ正極活物質および負極活物質
を貯蔵するようにしたことを特徴とする液体循環型電
池。1. A battery cell stack having a positive electrode chamber and a negative electrode chamber, and a storage container for storing a liquid positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material, respectively, wherein the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are respectively stored in the positive electrode chamber. And a liquid circulation type battery which is circulated in the negative electrode chamber to carry out an electrolytic reaction, the storage container is divided by a synthetic resin sheet when the liquid level of the positive electrode active material and the liquid level of the negative electrode active material are substantially the same, and each of the divided A liquid circulation type battery characterized in that a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material are stored in chambers, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59266814A JPH0622151B2 (en) | 1984-12-18 | 1984-12-18 | Liquid circulation type battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59266814A JPH0622151B2 (en) | 1984-12-18 | 1984-12-18 | Liquid circulation type battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61143948A JPS61143948A (en) | 1986-07-01 |
| JPH0622151B2 true JPH0622151B2 (en) | 1994-03-23 |
Family
ID=17436039
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59266814A Expired - Lifetime JPH0622151B2 (en) | 1984-12-18 | 1984-12-18 | Liquid circulation type battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0622151B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0815093B2 (en) * | 1986-05-24 | 1996-02-14 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Electrolyte circulation type secondary battery |
| JPH0227666A (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1990-01-30 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Redox flow type secondary battery |
| JPH044569A (en) * | 1990-04-19 | 1992-01-09 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | electrolyte storage tank |
| JP5226814B2 (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2013-07-03 | パナソニック株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| JP2011108659A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-06-02 | Panasonic Corp | Fuel cell system |
| JP7121044B2 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2022-08-17 | イーエスエス テック インコーポレーテッド | Integrated hydrogen recycling system using pressurized multi-chamber tanks |
-
1984
- 1984-12-18 JP JP59266814A patent/JPH0622151B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61143948A (en) | 1986-07-01 |
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