JPH06210577A - Dynamically driven magazine type nail driver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To dispense with the external power by hammering a hammer head on a front part of a hammer body to a workpiece surface to backwardly move the hammering head, generating the fluid pressure in a plurality of cylinders by this movement, and driving the hammering piston by this fluid pressure. CONSTITUTION: This hammer comprises a hammer head 14 on a front part of a main body 12 having a handle 11 fixed, and a magazine 13 for fasteners 16 such as nails and the like is mounted along the handle 11. The hammer head 14 is backwardly movable to a position to be engaged with a stop part 122 inside of the main body 12, and the pistons 412, 413... are backwardly moved in the cylinders 402, 403... through the driving rods 148 and the like in the backward movement of the hammering head 14 in accompany with the hammering on the workpiece surface. The fluid pressure generated on this occasion, is gathered on a manifold 50 to act on a piston 205 in a cylinder 401 arranged on a central part of the main body 12, whereby the piston is driven toward the head side, and the fastener 16 is hammered into the workpiece surface.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-contained nailing hammer, that is, a dynamically driven magazine nailing machine.

[0002]

The history of hammers for driving nail-shaped fasteners can be traced back to the infinite past, the basic form of which has not changed over the years. The head of a recently discovered Bronze Age hammer is very similar to a modern hammer. Of course, special hammers have been developed for specific purposes, such as furniture hammers, carpenter's hammers, roofing hammers, chipping hammers or shaving hammers. All hammers basically have the characteristics of a heavy head, a fastener drive surface and a convenient handle, the handle being perpendicular to the head and the fastener drive surface. Are provided substantially parallel to the.

In recent years, pneumatically actuated fasteners such as nails and staples have gained wide acceptance, and in such cases, hammer devices have been tailored to the particular shape of the stapler, handgun or particular fastener. It can take the form.

Whenever pneumatically actuated fastener drives are used, there is the problem of requiring pressurized pneumatic gas, usually provided by air compressors, storage tanks, and hoses to the drives. Occurs. Further, in order to make the pneumatic drive device effective, a pressure regulator and a pressure regulation valve are required.

The inventor is well aware of various types of manual and pneumatically actuated fastener drivers (drives), and various types of fasteners (ie, nails, screws, staples, etc.) may be used. One important advantage of air-actuated devices is that, when the tool is equipped with a magazine capable of containing large numbers of fasteners, it provides a continuous air pressure source. The fact that the fasteners can be fixed substantially continuously, manual hammers are generally not designed to accommodate and supply multiple fasteners, and are magnetically bonded. With the exception of hammers that have a head, conventional hammers have little ability to hold the fastener prior to nailing or fastening.

When performing roofing work on a dwelling house, a hammer is used for roofing with a large head through a lower sheet of roofing and one or more sheets of wood or composite shingles (single). I have to hit a nail. The nails must be struck straight to avoid forming visible ridges in the next layer, and the nails should be in a somewhat elastic surface (in most places there is no skeleton on the back side). Needs to be put in and held there adequately.

A study of the need to drive fasteners revealed another task that was particularly troublesome. That is,
The work is a board with a plaster-like (plaster) structure coated with paper used for interior decoration of the house, or
It is the task of driving nails for drywall into several commercial structures commonly referred to as drywall or seat locks.

Drywalls are generally about 102 mm x about 254 mm (4 inches x 10 inches) or about 102 x 3
These are 05 mm (4 inch x 12 inch) sheets that need to be held in place and fixed in place, including when attached to the ceiling from below. The number of fasteners required to attach a single seat-lock seat can be as high as 60.
Further, each nail for drywall has a cup-shaped head so as not to penetrate the paper cover of the drywall, and it is necessary to make the head depressed when fixed. In the art, recessing the head means, for example, pushing the cup-shaped head under the outer surface of the drywall and piercing the plaster-like portion of the drywall, the hole of the nail handle or shank size. It means that the exposed paper is compressed without compromising its integrity, in the form of only the. The recess must be wider than the head and has a diameter of approximately 25.4 mm (1 inch)
To about 38.1 mm (1 1/2 inch). After hammering the drywall nails, it is necessary to further carry out a surface treatment step in which the surface is troweled with the composite material and the depressions are filled to the level of the surface of the uncompressed drywall. A material commonly referred to as a facing or "mud" adheres well to the surface of the paper and covers the head of the drywall nail.

In recent years, there has been a tendency to use screw-in type drywall screws, such screws being dried or moving after the surface of the drywall has been installed and finished. Sometimes "float (pop)"
There is little tendency. However, drywall screws are quite expensive compared to most common nails for drywall, and a single seatlock seat inside the house requires multiple fasteners. In view of this, using a more expensive screw for a drywall causes a large cost problem.

Considering the present state of the art as described above, it does not require any pneumatic source, holds individual nails for driving or driving, has a nail supply source, and automatically supplies each nail. There is a real need for self-contained hammers that supply and thus do not have to handle individual nails. Such hammers can benefit roofers, general carpenters, and especially drywall installers if they can meet their specific requirements.

Actually, a magazine for staples and nails,
Alternatively, all non-powered fastener fasteners that do not have a nail holder do not satisfy craftsmen.

The present inventor has examined the prior art found by the search. As a result, it has been found that the following U.S. patent specifications show conventional attempts to improve hammers.

United States Patent Number Issued Date 293,516 A. POTTER February 12, 1884 362,224 N. NEWMAN May 3, 1887 917,291 M. HAMMER April 3, 1909 932,291 W. WIELAND August 1909 24th 1,488,161 C. MCCORMICK March 25, 1924 2,113,084 J. HEWITT April 5, 1938 2,193,143 L. RAPIEN March 12, 1940 2,238,983 J. ABRAHAMSEN March 8, 1966 2,667,639 E. SCHICK February 1954 2 days 2,893,279 P. HASKELL July 7, 1959 3,180,550 I. BOYNTON April 27, 1965 3,602,419 M. DOBERNE August 31, 1971 4,341,336 G. SMITH July 27, 1982 4,434,929 N. KEENER March 1984 6th 4,448,339 R. PETTIGREW May 15, 1984 4,566,619 E. KLEINHOLZ January 28, 1986 4,611,739 D. ROWTON September 16, 1986 4,676,424 A. MEADOR June 30, 1987 4,714,186 R. WILLIAMSON December 1987 22 days 4,742,875 J. BELL May 10, 1988 4,796,495 A. SCHAR January 10, 1989 4,831,901 A. KINNE May 23, 1989 4,838,471 D. CHIESA June 13, 1989

[0014]

In view of the state of the art as described above and the need recognized by the present inventor, it is designed to be a built-in type and has the same overall shape as a normal hammer. Provide a hammer that has the weight and balance accepted by the craftsman and that fulfills the desired role as described above.

[0015]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one embodiment of the present invention, a hammer head or body comprises a stationary body secured to a stationary handle and also comprises a striking or moving head. The actually moving head is connected by an internal spring to a piston which is held in an outer position in contact with the stop of the head body.

The striking or moving head has a central hole and a side or bottom opening through which the fastener is driven and which opening is attached to the hammer. In that it is configured to receive stationary fasteners that are sequentially fed from the magazine,
Different from the hammer of the prior art. Behind a chamber similar to that of fires is a fastener drive blade and piston with sufficient stroke to drive the fastener used. The blade stroke is typically about 72.4 mm (2.85 inches). The body is hollow and, in addition to positioning the moving head, comprises at least one manifold in communication with a plurality of cylinders, each said cylinder being connected to a rear or inner surface of the moving head. And a piston extending in the longitudinal direction. In the preferred embodiment, the total surface area of the piston behind the striking or moving head is several times larger than that of the piston head of the drive blade. Whenever the blow drives the striking or moving head backwards,
The drive blade advances in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the striking head by a distance approximately equal to the area ratio of the striking head piston to the fastener driving blade piston. Sealing means are provided between the striking head and the body of the hammer and between the piston and the moving head. The manifold at the rear of the body is filled with working fluid.

A magazine for the spring-actuated fasteners, which contains the strips of fasteners and which sequentially feeds the fasteners into the chamber, is secured to the hammer.

In the course of developing the present invention, the present invention contradicts the general belief that the surface of the drive head of the hammer should be at a right angle, or 90 °, with respect to the axis of the handle, contrary to the length of the body 12. It has been found that angles of 95 ° to 116 °, measured from the directional axis, are more efficient. The length of the handle for typical hammers in the range of about 305 mm to about 406 mm (12 inches to 16 inches) is about 229 mm to about 279 mm (9 inches to 11 inches), and also from the elbow to the center of the grip or grip. Given the typical arm length of an adult man of about 279 mm to 381 mm (11 inches to 15 inches), an angle of 95 ° to 116 ° would produce a work piece that would normally occur in a normal hammer. It provides a direct driving force without the risk of damage. Since the fasteners are delivered through the center of the striking head, the above angle allows the head to strike the work surface at an angle of about 90 °, and equally importantly, the nail is about 90 °. To penetrate into the work piece at an angle of.

One feature of the present invention is to provide a nailing machine that is fully driven by the arm by performing nailing on the head.

Another feature is that a hammer including a handle and a head is provided, and the head is 95
Connected to the handle at an angle between ° and 116 °.

Another feature of the present invention is to combine a manually operated hammer with a striking head having a hole, and the moving head utilizes the fluid pressure generated by the movement of the head in the hammer body to have the hole. Generating a driving force to position and drive the fastener through the head.

Another feature of the invention is to provide a percussion head having a side or bottom opening with a longitudinal hole formed therein, for receiving a fastener through said side or bottom opening. It is possible to discharge the fasteners through the longitudinal holes and to continuously feed the fasteners to the magazine.

Yet another feature of the present invention is a drive for driving a fastener in response to movement of the striking head using a plurality of radially mounted piston / cylinder combinations connected to the striking head. To generate hydraulic pressure in a manifold that communicates with the central piston-cylinder combination where the piston-rod acts as a blade.

Yet another feature of the invention is that it employs a combination rod and saddle member to connect the striking head to the piston without interfering with the continuous delivery of fasteners to the chamber.

In another embodiment of the invention, a single large cylinder is connected to the striking head. This large cylinder is preferably provided at the rear of the body.

Another embodiment of the invention comprises a hammer having a single large piston connected to the striking head, the nail drive blade being supported in a drive cylinder connected to the large piston. It is driven by a drive piston which floats on a linear bearing with very little friction in the drive cylinder.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention is a single large piston connected to the percussion head, a nail drive blade driven by the piston, and a self-contained fluid for sequentially advancing the nail to be driven. A hammer having a pressure actuating device, the hydraulic actuating device being operated by connecting means capable of moving with the striking head.
This embodiment also comprises vacuum and magnetic means for returning the large piston to its original position.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIGS. 1-5 of the drawings, an improved hammer, generally indicated at 10, includes a handle 11 secured to a body 12 at an angle A extending generally rearwardly.
It can be seen that the handle provides support for the magazine 13 for fasteners. Provided at the front of the body 12 is a percussion head 14, which comprises a rounded front surface 15 which extends outwardly from the main body 12 and is approximately 6. 35 mm (0.
25 "to about 19.1 mm (0.75") rear stroke, about 25.4 mm
Drive fasteners such as nails (1.0 inch) to about 44.5 mm (1.75 inch) long.

The magazine 13 has a side opening showing a typical nail or fastener 16 in place, the point of the nail pointing forward and its head shown in FIG. Drive blade or piston rod 20
The nail is located behind the striking head 14 and is coaxial with the striking head. As is well known in the pneumatic nailing art, the nails 16 are generally secured by an adhesive 21 or other means as a breakable wire continuum. The continuous body of the nail 16 is biased in the supply direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1 by the coil spring 22 and the follower, that is, the presser 23.

Note that the handle 11 is deflected from a normal right angle to the body 12, and the magazine 13 is also angled rearward relative to the body 12 to one side of the handle 11. There is a need to. The inventor conducted experiments on the position and angle of the handle,
In order to perform the optimum operation, the angle A shown in FIG.
It has been found that it should be in the range of ˜116 °.
Considering the general length of the user's forearm and the effective length from the center of the grip to the head, the angle from the right angle to 90
Angles from 95 ° to 116 ° up to 90 ° are better than 90 °
It is considered to be more effective and eliminates the common crescent shaped hammer mark formed on the work piece by the head striking at an angle. The magazine 13 is biased to the left of the handle 11 to provide proper clearance for the right handed user's hand as well as for loading fasteners. Similarly, for left-handed craftsmen,
The magazine 13 can be biased to the right. The handle 11 is also secured to the body 12 by braces or struts 17, said brace also serving as a hook for hanging a hammer on a wall or a craftsman's belt.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the coil spring 22
Is wound around the pin 24 in the recess 25 of the magazine 13. When the coil spring 22 is extended toward the bottom of the magazine 13 by grasping the follower 23 and pulling it downward, the nail continuum can be inserted into the magazine 13 and the follower 23 is released. Then, the follower is driven upward by the action of the spring so that the nail is biased so as to supply the ammunition cylinder to the insert of the pistol. The spring 22, pin 24, recess 25 and follower 23 are preferably provided in the magazine 13 behind the clasp. The spring 22 can be provided on the magazine 13 side.

Referring now particularly to FIG. 3 in combination with FIG. 4, the striking head 14 includes an axial bore or opening 1
41 and an internal recess 142 having a tapered front inlet 143, said opening and recess being the chamber 4 of the axial cylinder or nail drive cylinder 401.
Nail 16 shown in drive position in 07
Acts as a cylinder for firing a clasp such as A. The striking head 14 comprises a circular land or skirt that slides on the inner wall 121 of the body 12. The striking head 14 also comprises a discontinuous annular rear surface 146, which is a seat lock (gypsum board), a roof,
Alternatively, when the striking head 14 strikes the surface of plywood (plywood plywood) or any other nailable surface, it engages an inner stop 122 to limit the rearward travel stroke of the striking head.

The striking head 14 has a notch in the bottom of the skirt 144, which allows the striking head to pass over the nail 16 when moving rearward. Similarly, the body 12 has a rectangular cutout 127, and
The cylinder 401 for the drive blade or piston rod 20 has a chamber 407 and the nail 16 is
From the magazine to the chamber 4 of the nail drive cylinder 401
Pass to 07.

Positioned behind the nail 16A in FIG. 3 is a drive blade 20, which is
It has a circular piston rod part shown in Figure 3,
The piston rod portion has a semi-circular portion 201 which acts as a fastener drive blade 20. A stop 146 is provided in the nail driving main cylinder 401 to limit forward movement. Aligned piston 2
The nail drive blade 20 with 05 moves in an axial cylinder 401 in a multi-cylinder type block 40, best shown in FIGS. A manifold 50 is provided behind the cylinder block 40, and in the preferred embodiment, the manifold has a total of five ports, and (a) port 52 includes:
Communicating with the cylinder 401 of the main drive piston 205,
(B), (c) Ports 53, 54 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5
Is a cylinder 402, 4 of a multi-cylinder type block
03, (d), (e) Two additional ports 55, 56 not shown in FIG. 3 respectively communicate with cylinders 404, 405 shown in FIG.

Cylinders 402-405 are each provided with a respective piston 412-415, which pistons are
The striking head 14 that is transmitted to the manifold 50 via the rods of the pistons 412-415 when it strikes the surface.
Driven rearwardly, in a preferred embodiment, the manifold has a double cone shape. The manifold 50 has pistons 412-415.
The flow is reversed from the rearward to the forward movement in response to the movement of the robot, whereby the piston 201 drives the blade 20 forward to fix the nail 16A, and when the seat lock is attached, the surroundings of the nail 16A are fixed. Recess the seat lock area.

The plurality of pistons 412-415 driven by the striking head 14 move the drive blade 20 forward at greater speed over a greater distance than the movement of the body 12, thereby effectively driving the fastener. .

Thus, the device is self-powered and all the driving force for driving the fasteners is produced by the kinetic energy of the moving hammer. The fastener supply force is generated from the energy stored in the spring 22 as each nail continuum is inserted into the magazine 13.

The hammer can be used when no external power is available, and the effect of automatic feeding of the fastener as well as effective positioning of the fastener can be brought about by arm force alone.

One of the features of the invention which makes it possible to use four pistons symmetrically arranged around the drive blade or piston rod 20 while allowing the supply of the magazine, is combined with FIG. It can be understood by referring to FIG. Four pistons four
12-415 surround the drive blade or piston rod 20 and the cylinder 401
A symmetrical flow into port 52.

The outer end of each piston 412-415 has a threaded engagement and lock nut 422-425.
Fixed to the movable saddle member 128 by means of lock nuts 422, 423 are shown in FIG.

Springs 426-429 surround the respective piston rods 412-415 and are compressed between the saddle 128 and the ends of the respective cylinders 402-405 during each blow. The spring serves to return the striking head 14 to its starting position after each blow.

The saddle 128 is provided with a backing plate 129, which when viewed from the left side of FIG.
At three o'clock, three o'clock and nine o'clock positions, there are three drive rods 147.
-149 is fixed by a screw method. Drive rod 147
-149 (wherein the drive rods 147, 148 are shown in FIG.
Is shown at 9 o'clock and 12 o'clock)
It penetrates the block 123 and is fixed to the striking head 14 in a screw type. In FIG. 3, the drive rod 147 is located just in front of the nail 16A. No drive rod is provided at the 6 o'clock position, providing a space for feeding fasteners from the magazine 13 below the body 12.

A notch in the side wall or bottom of the striking head 14,
Due to the opening 127 in the body 12 and the chamber 407 in the cylinder 401, and due to the absence of the drive rod at the 6 o'clock position, there is a clear opening for the fasteners to be supplied as a continuum without disturbing the drive mechanism. Maintained. The saddle member 128 transmits the movement of the striking head 14 to all four cylinders 402-405.

The inventor has found that four small cylinders surrounding the nail drive cylinder 401 are practical, but different numbers of cylinders can be used. The present inventor used a cylinder having an inner diameter of about 9.53 mm (0.375 inch) with respect to the cylinders 402-405, and used the same diameter for the nail driving cylinder 401.
This results in a migration strength of 4: 1. Hitting head 1
When 4 moves about 12.7 mm (0.5 inch), drive blade 20 moves about 50.8 mm (about 2.0 inch).

Of course, other numbers of pistons different from four could be used and by providing these pistons in other positions than the 6 o'clock position, the fastener feed opening 127.
And chamber 407 can be opened.

The present inventor has found that the weight of the hammer is about 709.
It was found to be between 25 grams (38 ounces) and about 1077 grams (38 ounces) with its center of gravity ideally in the position shown in FIG.

When the center of gravity is within the above range, fatigue of the muscles of the arm of the user can be minimized and the user can be effectively driven.

This body 12, which is connected at an angle A rather than at right angles to the handle as on most hammers, appears to be difficult to operate. However, the angle A actually assists the striking head 14 in striking the work piece at 90 °, and the energy directed perpendicular to the working surface, ie the nail head perpendicular to the axis puncturing direction. Maximizes the energy delivered to the user, which allows the user to fix more effectively without being too tired.

The sequence of the driving sequence is shown schematically in FIGS. 6 to 9, which shows in a simplified form the hammer 10 which moves towards the working surface as indicated by the arrow. The working surface includes a base such as a structural member 100 having a stacked panel 101. In this condition with nails 16 loaded, the hammer is ready to drive nails 16A. The striking head 14 is just in contact with the working surface of the panel 101.

In FIG. 7, the hammer contacts the panel 101,
Also, the striking head 14 is shown partially driven back into the body 12. The hitting head 14 is
The pistons 412 and 413 and the piston 41 (not shown)
4, 415 are partially driven. The working or hydraulic fluid is pushed out of the cylinders 402-405 into the manifold 50 and then into the nail drive main cylinder 401 to push the drive blades 20 forward, thereby leading to a continuum of nails 16. The nail 16A is separated from the nail 16A, and the nail 16A is pushed forward through the opening 141 toward the workpiece.

FIG. 8 shows the hammer of the present invention in the process of fixing the nail 16A. The drive blade 20 has moved completely forward, fixing the nail 16A. Panel 1
When 01 is soft like drywall (for example, plasterboard), the striking head 14 dents the surface around the nail 16A.

When the hammer 10 is pulled back and is no longer in contact with the working surface, the internal springs 426-429 move to the piston 412.
Return 415 to its loaded state. Cylinder 401
The pressure differential between the outside and the inside of the main drive blade returns the main drive blade or piston rod 20 to its loaded position. Coil spring 22 of magazine 13, not shown in FIGS. 6-9, advances the next nail or catch 16B into position in the chamber for the next drive stroke.

Referring now to FIGS. 10 and 11, another embodiment comprises a single large cylinder at the rear of the body connected to the moving head. The elements in FIGS. 10 and 11 corresponding to the elements in FIGS. 1 to 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals. New or different elements are numbered in the 300 series. Body 3
12 has a smaller diameter than the body of FIGS. 1-9, eg, about 31.8 mm (1.25 inches) to about 76.2.
It has a diameter of mm (3.00 inches). Similarly,
The striking head 314 is about 38.1 mm (1.5 inches)
To about 44.5 mm (1.75 inches) in diameter.

At the rear of the body 312 is the wall 3 of the cylinder.
An enlarged cylinder / piston assembly 315 including 16 and piston 320 is provided. This cylinder / piston assembly includes a fastener driven cylinder 4
0 and the drive blade / piston rod 20 are coaxially enclosed.

The piston 320 is connected to the head by a plurality of elongated rods 322, which may be three, for example as shown in FIGS. 2 in FIG.
Two rods 322 are shown. Further, in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the striking head 14 is the outer skirt 3
It should be noted that the skirt is provided with 24, which extends rearward over the body 312, thereby preventing the body 312 from contacting the work surface.

The rear portion of the cylinder 315 acts as a manifold 350 as a whole. In this embodiment, the single piston 320 has an area that is several times larger than the area of the piston 205, so that the stroke of the blade 20 is increased by the ratio of that area.

For example: The diameter of the piston 205 is about 9.53 mm
(3/8 inch) The diameter of the piston 320 is about 38.1 mm
(1 1/2 inch) Area ratio D320 / D205 16 Stroke of head 314 is about 4.76 mm
(3/16 inch) Stroke of piston 20 is about 76.2mm
(3 inches).

Using the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the following types of nails have been successfully driven.

Drywall about 25.4 mm (1 inch) to about 41.3 mm (15/8 inch) roof about 25.4 mm (1 inch) to about 41.3 mm (15/8 inch) 4d, 6d and 8d Up to about 1 inch (25.4 mm) The embodiment of FIGS. 1-5 used to illustrate the invention has the following features: Overall dimensions of the body: about 229 mm.
(9 inches) Handle length: 394mm
(15 1/2 inch) Total weight: About 1.36kg
(Approximately 3 lbs) Drive cylinder 201 inner diameter: Approximately 9.53 mm
(0.375 inch) The stroke of the drive blade 20 is about 50.8 mm.
(2.0 inches) Cylinder 402-405 Inner Diameter: About 9.53 mm
(0.375 inch) Stroke of pistons 413-416: about 10.9 mm
(0.430 inch) Working fluid used: Hydraulic Jack Oil Magazine capacity: 50 materials Body 12: T-6 606
1Al Strike Head 14: T-6 6061 Aluminum with 304 Stainless Steel Insert Drive Blade: 304 Stainless Steel Piston: 304 Stainless Steel Handle: T-6 606
1Al FIGS. 12-19 show an embodiment which has the advantage of hydraulically feeding nails and hydraulically firing them into the workpiece. This embodiment further includes magnetic attraction /
The vacuum force is used together with the repulsive force.

The embodiment of FIG. 12 is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11 in that it comprises a single large rear piston driven by a percussion head. The cylinder / piston assembly 435 comprises a piston 440 having a rounded profile facing the chamber 441, said rounded profile being similar to the profile of the end wall 468 of the cylinder. The piston 440 is moveable within the cylinder wall 436 and carries a seal 460 that sealingly presses against the cylinder wall 436. The cylinder / piston assembly 435 coaxially surrounds the nail drive cylinder 442 which houses the drive blade / piston rod 444. Drive blade / piston rod 44
4 is formed with a flange at the position indicated by 446 where the drive blade / piston rod abuts the floating piston 448 at the flange. The piston 448 has a linear bearing 450 and a cylinder 442.
Is on a seal 452 that contacts the inner surface of the. A small tension spring 462 drives the drive blade / piston rod 44.
4 extends between an anchor 464 carried at the right end of 4 and a similar anchor provided in the center of the end wall 468 of the cylinder. When the piston 448 and drive blade / piston rod 44 reach the end of their rightward travel during their return stroke, the bumper member 456 serves to cushion the impact of the piston and drive blade / piston rod. Fulfill A similar restriction bumper 458
Piston 448 and drive blade / piston rod 4
At the end of the left travel of the 44 stroke, the flange 446 cushions the impinging force.

Provided at the right end of the cylinder / piston 435 is a stationary wall member 466 fixed to the cylinder by suitable means. Hitting head 434
When the piston 440 moves to the right in response to hitting the opposite surface, the chamber 480 is opened, but the seals 460 and 482 contacting the wall member 466 cause the chamber 480 to
The chamber 480 has a very low pressure because it blocks the flow of air into the zero. This low pressure (partial vacuum) acts, after being impacted by the striking head 434, to return the piston 440 towards the wall member 466 under the influence of atmospheric pressure in the chamber 441. Eliminates the need to provide return springs such as springs 426, 427 in FIG.

The left end of the drive blade / piston rod 444 has a pair of cooperating semi-cylindrical members 484,
It is indicated in a fixed portion extending forward of the body 445 composed of 486. Attached to the body portion 435 is a fluid pressure supply structure 746 that feeds nails into the internal recess 488, which internal recess 488 is
It aligns with the drive blade / piston rod 444 and acts as a barrel for pushing out the nail. The portion of the supply structure 746 shown in FIG. 12 includes raised ribs 756 that guide the continuum of nails, which are interconnected or coiled, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Can be Groove 758 is recessed in nail 4
It provides clearance for the heads of these nails as they move upward toward 88. The pawl 760 moves in the passageway between the ribs 756, advancing the strip of nails actuated by the hydraulic structure described below. Internal recess 48
Adjacent to the left end of the members 484, 486 is a tapered surface 490, which surface is recessed 4.
In 88, the head of the nail is clogged, or "caught"
Minimize fear.

The striking head 434 is connected to the piston 492 via a plurality of drive rods 494, 496 supported within the body 445. An auxiliary striking head 470 is attached to end wall 468. In the alternative, an auxiliary striking head 471 can be attached to the end of the handle 11.

As a feature that can be selectively employed to positively move the piston 440 to the left during the return stroke and initiate such movement, the present inventor has an axial polarity. A pair of ring-shaped magnets 49
8,500 are provided in the cylinder 442. Piston 440
When chamber 441 is substantially separated from wall 466.
A chamber 4 cooperating with a pressure substantially at atmospheric pressure in
The partial vacuum in 80 acts strongly and the piston 440
Push to the left. As the piston 440 approaches the wall portion 466, the partial vacuum force becomes weaker.
8,500 are polarized and attracted to each other, thereby providing a magnetic force that acts to substantially close chamber 480. The above configuration can be used in combination with other returning or returning means.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the side opposite to the hammer of FIG. 12 in a partial cross section. What you can see in this figure is
Cylinder / piston 435, body portion 445, and striking head 434, also shown in cross section opposite the fluid pressure supply 746, which is a small self-contained housing within its housing. A hydraulic mechanism is provided, which moves new nails into the recess 488 for delivery after the striking head 434 has been moved to the left by striking an opposing surface. Hitting head 43
It will be seen that as 4 moves to the left, the striking head also moves rod 496 to the left. The rod 496 carries a cam 762 which impinges on a rod 764 mounted on a piston 766 in a cylinder 768, thereby pushing the piston 766 downwardly against the force of a spring 770. As a result, the working fluid is pushed from the cylinder 768 through the passage 772 into the cylinder 774 that houses the piston 776, and the piston 77 is pushed.
6 downwards and spring 778 is compressed to force rod 779
Is moved downward, and the claw 760 is moved to a position suitable for advancing the nail. When the striking head 434 returns to the position shown, the rod 496 moves to the right and the spring 77
Allows the piston 766 to rise due to the action of 0,
Fluid is withdrawn from cylinder 774 via passage 772, moving piston 776 and pawl 760 upwards, moving the new pawl into recess 488.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a part of a claw supplying device 746 similar to the device shown in FIG. Shown in this figure is a pawl supply rib 756, a groove 758 that provides a void for the head of the pawl, and a supply pawl 760. The pair of nails 755 and 757 are the teeth 759 and 761 of the supply claw 760.
The state of being carried on top of is shown. Figure 15 shows
It is the figure which looked at nail supply device 746 from the bottom. In this figure, a housing for accommodating the bottom lid of the cylinders 768, 774, a pawl 759, a groove 756 and a groove 758 for the nail head are shown. The outline of the passage 772 is shown by a broken line. Also shown is a cover 780 that closes towards the pawl 760 to hold the nail in place and open for inserting a new strip of nail. As shown in FIG. 18, the top of the cover 780 is hinged and secured to the nail feeder 746 by a latch or latch 782.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 16-16 shown in both FIGS. 14 and 15. This figure shows the feeder 746 with a piston 778 in a cylinder 774 attached to a rod 779. The rod 779 is a claw 760 that advances the nails 755 and 757.
Pinned to.

FIG. 17 is a plan view showing the interior of the cover 780, whether the cover is hinged to a drive rod, such as drive rod 494, by members 783, 784 or attached to the body 445. Alternatively, it can be hinged to a boss formed on the body. This cover has a kick back 789 and a holding claw 7.
86, these kick backs and claws serve to prevent the strips of nails from bending or moving backwards.

Attachment of the cover 780 to the hammer is shown in FIG. 18, which is shown in FIGS.
8 is a perspective view of the completed hammer shown in FIG. 7. This figure is
Cylinder / piston assembly 435, striking head 434, feeder 746 with cover 780 and magazine 790 with cover 791 are shown, which holds the coil of nails and
It is connected to the supply device 746. An auxiliary striking head 471 is provided at the end of the handle 11. A bracket 792 attached to the end of the handle 11 supports the magazine 790.

FIG. 19 is a side elevational view showing another embodiment of the present invention in a partial cross section. This embodiment uses a single large cylinder at the rear of the body 12 that is directly connected to the moving striking head 434, and in this respect is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. There is. Elements in FIG. 19 corresponding to elements in FIGS. 12 and 13 are designated by the same reference numerals. 5 for new or different elements
Numbers in the 00s are attached.

At the rear of the body 12 is a large cylinder / piston assembly 535, which includes a cylinder wall 436 and a piston 540 having a seal 460. The cylinder / piston assembly coaxially surrounds the nail drive cylinder 442 and drive blade 44. Drive blade 444
Is provided with a flange at position 446, which is a linear bearing 450 and seal 452.
It is in contact with a floating piston 448 that is riding on. An O-ring seal 454 is provided in the groove of the drive blade 444, and the seal contacts the inner surface of the piston 448.

The stop 556 made of an elastic material is used for the cylinder 4
42 at the right end of 42 and also a similar stop 55
8 is provided at the left end of the cylinder 442,
These stops serve to cushion the impact of the piston 448 and / or the flange 446 which strikes the facing surface of the left end of the cylinder 448 or the piston 540.

When the movable striking head 434 contacts the opposite surfaces and pushes the cylinder 442 and the piston 540 to the right, the piston 540 and the end wall 46 of the cylinder.
The compression spring 566 provided between the compression springs 8 and 8 is compressed. A small tension spring 462 is connected between the anchor 464 on the right end of the drive blade / piston rod 444 and a similar anchor 465 on the right end of the cylinder / piston assembly 535. Auxiliary striking head 4
70 is fixed to the right side of the cylinder / piston assembly 535, and the auxiliary striking head is provided with one or more "broken" nails that for some reason cannot completely pierce the opposing surface. Provide a means to reset. In an alternative, a similar auxiliary striking head 471 can be attached to the end of the handle 11.

FIG. 19 also shows a magazine 13 for nails,
Also shown is a nail receiving port 477, a nail guide 472, and a blade guide 474 supporting a drive blade / piston rod 444. Chamber A,
B is exposed to atmospheric pressure and chamber C is sealed and filled with working fluid.

The advantage of the embodiment of FIG. 19 is that the drive blade 4
44 is separated from the floating piston 448 to ensure linear bearing 45 for drive blade misalignment due to any cause.
0 and the seal 452 compensates. The floating piston is unaffected. Further, the motion of the striking head 434 is directly transmitted to the piston 540 via the nail driving cylinder 442, whereby the reference numerals 494, 49 in FIG.
6 or drive rods such as 412-415 in FIG. 3 may be eliminated.

The best mode known to the inventor for carrying out the present invention has been described above. However, some of the specific embodiments above are illustrative and should not be considered as limiting the invention. A person skilled in the art of hammering can think of other embodiments than the above without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the scope of the present invention should be determined based on the description of the claims and within the scope of a reasonable equivalence theory. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention in use.

FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the hammer of FIG. 1 as seen from the rear.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a state where the main body of the hammer of FIG. 1 is viewed from the front.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a main body portion.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a simplified schematic diagram showing an operating state of the hammer of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic diagram showing an operating state of the hammer of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a simplified schematic diagram showing an operating state of the hammer of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a simplified schematic diagram showing an operating state of the hammer of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention with a rear piston.

11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the embodiment of FIG. 10 in a simplified manner.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a side elevational view in partial section showing the opposite side of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a left side elevational view of the nail feeder of FIGS. 12 and 13 with the cover removed.

15 is a bottom view of the nail feeder of FIG. 14. FIG.

16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 16-16 of FIGS. 14 and 15.

FIG. 17 is a plan view of the inside of the cover shown in FIG.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the completed hammer, FIG.
18 to 17 show the arrangement of the nail feeder and the cover with the cover attached.

FIG. 19 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing yet another embodiment of the present invention, in which the striking head is directly connected to the drive cylinder, so that FIG. 3, FIG. The example which removed the connecting rod is shown.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 hammer 11 handle 12, 312, 412 main body 13 magazine 14, 314, 434 striking head 16 nail 20 drive blade 22 coil spring 50 manifold 141 passage 142 cylindrical recess 147, 148,
149 Drive rod 205,325 Piston 401,402,403,404,405 Cylinder 412,413,414,415 Piston

Claims (37)

[Claims] 1. A self-powered hammer comprising a handle and a fixed body fixed to the handle, the fixed body having a cylindrical recess having a longitudinal axis at one end thereof. A generally cylindrical movable striking head reciprocally movable along the axis of the body, partially extending into the cylindrical recess and having a passage along the axis; Means for pressing the moveable head outwardly from the body, a manifold provided in the body behind the moveable head and a working fluid filling the manifold, the body comprising the axis A first cylinder in the recess provided along, a nail holding chamber forming a part of the cylinder, and a first piston provided in the cylinder aligned with the passage. Ton and nail drive blades and an opening in the chamber exposed to the exterior of the body through the passage, the hammer further being provided in the body and operative to the head and the manifold. A second cylinder and a second piston connected to each other, and striking a surface having the movable head member to create a fluid pressure in the manifold communicating with the first piston; The hammer is characterized in that the fluid pressure drives the first piston towards the head and drives a nail into the work surface via the passage. 2. The hammer of claim 1, wherein the means for pressing the head comprises an elastic cylinder provided in the fixed body for returning the striking head to a normal rest position at the end of each blow. Characteristic hammer. 3. The hammer of claim 1, wherein the body includes an opening behind the head for receiving nails. 4. The hammer according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the second pistons and cylinders are provided around the first cylinder. 5. The hammer according to claim 1, wherein the second cylinder and the piston are connected to the head to make a piston movement parallel to the longitudinal axis, and the body is behind the striking surface of the striking head. With a nail receiving passage extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, which allows the nail to move into the chamber without impeding longitudinal movement of the head. And a hammer. 6. The hammer of claim 5, wherein the plurality of second pistons and cylinders are arranged radially with respect to the axis of the head such that fluid moves parallel to the axis of the head. A hammer characterized by having a peripheral recess for receiving a nail to be driven. 7. The hammer of claim 6, wherein the plurality of second pistons and cylinders have a total piston working area that is several times the working area of the first piston. 8. The hammer of claim 1, wherein the nail drive blade has an end surface for driving a nail, the blade side surface is recessed to adjoin the next adjacent nail in the strip of connected nails. A hammer characterized by passing through. 9. The hammer according to claim 1, wherein the main body has an opening for communicating with the chamber and for introducing a nail into the main body at a position behind the head to be driven by the piston. A hammer characterized by having. 10. The hammer of claim 1, wherein the handle is fixed to the body and at a working surface at an angle between 95 ° and 116 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the body. A hammer characterized by extending backward relative to. 11. The hammer of claim 10, wherein the handle extends rearward from the moveable striking head. 12. The hammer according to claim 10, wherein the center of gravity of the hammer is at a position behind the point where the handle is fixed to the main body. 13. The hammer according to claim 9, further comprising a magazine for self-supplying nails, the magazine being fixed to the head and in the same direction as the handle extends from the body. A hammer characterized by extension. 14. The hammer of claim 13, wherein the magazine extends on one side of the handle. 15. The manual hammer of claim 1, wherein the fastener is automatically dispensed, wherein the body has a cylindrical shape with a longitudinal axis and the moving head slides with the body. In relation to each other, a plurality of rods connecting the moving head to the second piston, the rods extending parallel to the longitudinal axis and surrounding the first cylinder. Manual hammer characterized by. 16. The manual hammer of claim 15, wherein the second cylinder means comprises a plurality of cylinders having respective pistons and rods, the piston rods and cylinders being relative to each other and the moving head. Is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of and is adapted to be actuated directly in response to movement of said moving head, and said piston and drive blade member are adapted to move in the direction of driving the nail. A manual hammer, wherein the manual hammer extends parallel to the plurality of cylinders. 17. The manual hammer according to claim 1, wherein an opening provided in a wall portion of the main body behind a striking surface of the moving head, and a nail driven to a position driven by the nail driving blade through the opening. A manual hammer characterized by comprising a cylinder for sequentially advancing. 18. A hand hammer for driving a nail into a workpiece, comprising: a handle, an elongated body attached to the handle, a cylindrical recess having a longitudinal axis, and one end. An elongated body having a generally cylindrical striking head that is linearly movable along the axis of the recess and a passage that passes through the axis of the striking head; and the body within the body. A first cylinder means provided along the axis of, a piston and drive blade member aligned with said passage and provided in said cylinder means, and a nail receiving chamber provided in said first cylinder means; A connecting portion for operatively connecting to the striking head, the piston and the drive blade member, and a manifold communicating with the piston, and the manifold. It said second cylinder means having a working fluid Hama and second
A piston in the cylinder means, a magazine for nails fixed to the body, and the first
And a means for pressing the nail into the chamber from the magazine, wherein the striking head strikes the work piece so that fluid pressure is applied to the piston and the drive blade. A hand hammer applied to and configured to drive a nail from the chamber into the workpiece. 19. The manual hammer of claim 18, wherein the second cylinder means comprises an enlarged diameter chamber provided at an end of the body opposite the percussion head, and wherein the percussive hammer is provided. Manual hammer, characterized in that the operative connection between the head and the piston comprises a cylinder extending parallel to the longitudinal axis and enclosing the first cylinder means. 20. A self-powered hammer comprising a handle and a fixed body fixed to the handle, the fixed body having at one end thereof a cylindrical recess having a longitudinal axis. A generally cylindrical movable striking head reciprocally movable along the axis of the body, partially extending into the cylindrical recess and having a passage along the axis; A manifold provided in the body behind the moveable head and a working fluid filling the manifold, the body comprising a first cylinder in the recess provided along the axis; The hammer further comprises a nail holding chamber forming a part of the cylinder, a nail drive blade provided in the cylinder in alignment with the passage, and the nail driver. A first piston provided in a driving relationship to drive the moving blade and movable to abut the nail driving blade; and an opening of the chamber exposed to the outside of the body through the passage, And a second cylinder provided in the body and operably connected to the head and the manifold, the first head by striking a surface having the movable head member. Fluid pressure is created in the manifold that communicates with the piston of the fluid, the fluid pressure driving the first piston toward the head and driving the nail into the work surface through the passage. Hammer characterized by. 21. The hammer of claim 20, comprising a cylinder that normally pushes the moveable striking head outward of the body. 22. The hammer of claim 20, wherein a fixed auxiliary striking head is fixed to the body along the axis of the body and opposite the cylindrical recess. Hammer characterized by. 23. The hammer according to claim 20, wherein a fixed auxiliary striking head is fixed to an end of the handle opposite to the fixed body. 24. The hammer according to claim 20, wherein the second piston includes a tapered opening provided at a center along an axis of the piston, the opening communicating the manifold with the first piston. A hammer that is characterized by 25. The hammer of claim 20, wherein the piston comprises a plurality of fluid ports that communicate the manifold with the first piston. 26. The hammer according to claim 20, wherein elastic force buffering means is provided between the first piston and the second piston in the first cylinder. 27. The hammer of claim 20, wherein a stationary wall member is provided on the side of the second piston opposite the manifold in the body, whereby the striking head is attached to the surface. The hammer is characterized in that the second piston moves in a direction away from the wall portion when hitting to form a low pressure chamber between the wall portion and the second piston. 28. The hammer of claim 27, wherein magnetic means are provided in the body, the magnetic means comprising:
After the striking head strikes the surface, presses the second piston in a direction away from its maximum movement position,
A hammer characterized by a tendency to push the second piston towards its rest position adjacent the wall member. 29. The hammer of claim 27, wherein a device for hydraulically feeding a nail is connected to the nail holding chamber, and a cylinder responsive to the striking head striking the work surface comprises the fluid pressure. A hammer, characterized in that an elevated fluid pressure is created in the device, which causes the nail feeding device to feed the nail holding chamber with nails. 30. The hammer of claim 29, wherein the cylinder responsive to the striking means comprises a rod attached to the striking head and a cam member provided on the rod. 31. The hammer of claim 20, wherein the second piston has a total piston area that is several times the working area of the first piston. 32. The hammer of claim 20, wherein the means for partially extending into the cylindrical recess of the body comprises:
A hammer comprising the first cylinder connected to the second piston. 33. The hammer of claim 27, wherein the means for partially extending into the cylindrical recess of the body comprises:
A hammer comprising the first cylinder connected to the second piston. 34. The hammer of claim 32, wherein the first piston is moveable within the first cylinder. 35. The hammer of claim 20, wherein the first piston comprises a linear bearing that contacts the first cylinder. 36. The hammer according to claim 1, wherein the first
The piston of claim 1 is equipped with a linear bearing that contacts the first cylinder. 37. The hammer according to claim 1, further comprising fluid pressure means for advancing a nail to a drive position in response to the impact head colliding with a work surface.