JPH06158472A - Porting fabric to be full with wind - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide fabric suitable for sports to be full with wind, excellent in light weight and airtightness, also having a combination of resistance to breaking and light and dimensional stability. CONSTITUTION:The fabric comprising, as the main constituent fibers, polyester fibers satisfying the following characteristics (1) to (7) at the same time: (1) 20<=K<=50; (2) 0.95>=[eta]F>=0.70; (3) 3>=DPF>=1.5; (4) ST>=6.0g/de; (5) EL >=20.0%; (6) A>=1.0g/de; and (7) 0.5>=B/A>=0.2 [K is hollow rate (%); [eta]F is intrinsic viscosity; DPF is single fiber fineness (denier); ST is tenacity; EL is elongation at break; A is the gradient at an extension rate of 0% on the load-elongation curve; B is the minimum gradient within the rate of extension range from 0 to 4%].

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to sports fabrics made of polyester fibers. More specifically, lightweight,
The present invention relates to a fabric that is excellent in airtightness and is suitable for sports such as yacht sails and spinnakers that catch wind.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the increase in leisure time, there is an increasing tendency to make sports a hobby. The contents have been diversified, and leisure sports such as marine sports have become popular recently.

These marine sports products include yacht sails, spinnakers and the like, and textile materials are used in these products. Conventionally, cotton, nylon fiber, etc. have been mainly used as the fiber material, but lightness,
In recent years, nylon fibers have become the mainstream due to their strength and appearance.
However, since nylon fibers are generally inferior in weather resistance and dimensional stability, polyester fibers having these properties better than nylon fibers have been receiving attention.

[0004]

However, it is not possible to obtain weather resistance, dimensional stability and tear resistance at the same time as light weight and airtightness by simply using polyester fiber. In particular, improvement in this respect is desired.

That is, in order to increase the airtightness of the cloth, it is achieved by increasing the number of yarns of the fabric forming the cloth so that the mesh of the cloth is sufficiently close. It is not preferable because the unit weight becomes large. As another method, it can be achieved by increasing the amount of resin coating the cloth, but not only the increase in the weight of the cloth is caused as described above, but also the cloth causes the cloth to become rough and winds away. Above all, it is not preferable because the followability in a slight wind is lowered, and the fabric becomes hard in handleability.

The present invention has been made against the background of the problems of the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to improve the lightness and airtightness, and to have the characteristics of polyester fiber such as weather resistance and dimensional stability. An object of the present invention is to provide a woven fabric suitable for sports such as yacht sails, spinnakers, and the like that contain wind.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, found that a fabric using a hollow polyester filament fabric has both lightness and airtightness. As a result of further studies, the present invention has been achieved.

That is, the present invention provides the following (1) to (7).
Is a fabric for sports which has a polyester fiber as a main constituent fiber which simultaneously satisfies the following conditions: (1) 20 ≦ K ≦ 50 (2) 0.95 ≧ [η] _F ≧ 0.70 (3) 3 ≧ DPF ≧ 1.5 (4) ST ≧ 6.0 g / de (5) EL ≧ 20.0% (6) A ≧ 1.0 g / de /% (7) 0.5 ≧ B / A ≧ 0.2 [However, K is the hollow ratio (%), [η] _F is the intrinsic viscosity of polyester fiber, DPF is the single fiber fineness (denier), ST
Is the breaking strength, EL is the breaking elongation, A is the gradient at the elongation of 0% in the load-load elongation curve, and B is the smallest gradient in the range of the elongation of 0 to 4%. ]

Polyester fibers, especially polyethylene terephthalate fibers, are most suitable as the synthetic fibers constituting the cloth of the present invention. Dimensional stability of polyester fiber,
This is because the durability against sunlight and water is superior to, for example, nylon 6-6 type fibers and other synthetic fibers.

The hollow ratio K of the polyester fiber constituting the cloth of the present invention is an important factor that determines the lightness of the cloth, and its range must be 20% or more and 50% or less. If the hollow ratio is less than 20%, sufficient weight reduction cannot be achieved. On the other hand, when it exceeds 50%, it is difficult to form hollow fibers, which is not preferable. Further, when used in a marine sport such as a spinnaker or a sail, it is preferable that the polyester fiber is floated on the surface of the water so that it can be easily collected even if it is dropped into the sea. Therefore, the specific gravity of the polyester fiber is 1 ．
Since it is 35 to 1.38, the hollow ratio is particularly preferably 35% or more.

The intrinsic viscosity [η] _F is an important factor affecting the strength and elongation characteristics, especially toughness and tear resistance, and its range is 0.70 to 0.95, preferably 0.80 to 0. It is necessary to be 0.95 or less.
When [η] _F is less than 0.70, it becomes difficult not only to satisfy the breaking strength and elongation of the polyester fiber at the same time, but also to improve the tear resistance. on the other hand,
When [η] _F exceeds 0.95, the yarn-forming property is greatly reduced, and it becomes difficult to obtain a yarn without defects such as yarn fluff and yarn breakage.

Next, the breaking strength and elongation of the polyester fiber according to the present invention must be 6.0 g / de or more and 20% or more, respectively. Generally, when the strength is high, the elongation of the polyester fiber tends to be low. However, when the elongation is low at less than 20% even if the strength is high, a fabric such as a spinnaker suddenly blows wind. It has the drawback that it lacks elasticity when struck and bursts at once.
On the other hand, when the strength is less than 6.0 g / de, the strength is originally insufficient and the material bursts. Therefore,
It is important to satisfy both properties at the same time, and it is particularly desirable that the strength is 6.5 g / de or more and the elongation is 25% or more.

Next, the SS curve, which is the most characteristic feature of the polyester fiber of the present invention, will be described. Figure 1
Is an example of the polyester fiber S- used in the present invention.
The S curve is shown in comparison with 1, and the S—S curve of ordinary polyester fiber is shown in comparison with 2. The SS curve of the polyester fiber according to the present invention shows a substantially inverted S shape, and is characterized in that the strength gradient with respect to the elongation is greatly reduced in the range of 0% to 4% elongation. Here, the gradient A at the elongation of 0% in the SS curve is related to the elasticity of the cloth (woven fabric) and needs to be 1.0 g / de /% or more. If it is less than 1.0 g / de /%, for example, a cloth such as a spinnaker cannot withstand an impact when suddenly exposed to wind, and the dimensional stability such as deformation of the cloth is deteriorated, which is not preferable. . In addition, the elongation in the SS curve is 0 to
The ratio B / A of the minimum gradient B and the gradient A at 4% is related to the elastic force of the fabric, and is 0.2 or more and 0.5 or less, preferably 0.3 or more and 0.4 or less. It is necessary to be. Normal polyester fiber has a B / A of 0.6-
Although it is about 0.9, when the value exceeds 0.5 as described above, when fabric such as spinnaker suddenly blows wind, it lacks elasticity and is apt to burst at a stretch. It is remarkable when there is a defect. On the other hand, if it is less than 0.2, the strength retention is lowered, the fabric is likely to be deformed, and the dimensional stability becomes insufficient, which is not preferable.

Regarding the single fiber fineness (DPF),
If it is thick, the strength of the single fiber is large, and even if stress is concentrated on the single fiber, the fabric (woven fabric) is less likely to be torn.
If it exceeds denier and becomes thicker, the fabric becomes coarse and hard, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it is less than 1.5 denier, the strength of the single fiber itself becomes small and the fabric is apt to be broken. Therefore, the DPF is preferably 1.5 denier or more and 3.0 denier or less.

From the viewpoint of the finish and feel of the woven fabric, the boiling water shrinkage ratio is preferably in the range of 3 to 6%.

The woven fabric mainly composed of the polyester fibers having the above-mentioned characteristics is a fabric suitable for sports such as yacht sails and spinnakers which are exposed to the wind. This is because the above-mentioned characteristics are light weight and have high airtightness, and further stress to receive the wind, to improve the tear resistance sufficiently corresponding to rapid stress change, and the dimensional stability of the polyester fiber, This is because it is possible to take advantage of various features such as durability against sunlight and water, and lightness which is important for convenience of carrying and the like, and is particularly suitable for a spinnaker cloth for racing in a light wind.

Further, by using hollow fibers, the Young's modulus of the yarn is increased by about 10% when the strength level is the same as that of the solid fibers, so that the initial response when the yacht sail or spinnaker is exposed to the wind. The effect of improving can be gas.

The wind-breathing sports cloth of the present invention may or may not be resin-treated as long as it is made of polyester fiber satisfying all of the above relational expressions (1) to (7) at the same time. May be. When the fabric of the present invention is resin-processed, examples of preferable resins include polyurethane resins, silicone resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, etc.
It is preferably selected from those having excellent durability.

Next, as a preferred method for producing the polyester fiber preferably used in the present invention, for example, a polyester chip having an intrinsic viscosity [η] _{C of} 0.8 to 1.05 is melted and the polymer is produced from the die. When discharging, melt-extruding, and spinning, a zone in which the atmosphere immediately under the spinneret was actively heated was used, and the fibrous polymer melt flow that passed through this zone was cooled and the unstretched fiber obtained after applying the oil agent was taken up by a roller. Examples of the method include a method in which the fiber is wound via a wire and then drawn, or a method in which the fiber drawn by the take-up roller in the above method is immediately drawn without being wound. The stretching process in the former method will be specifically described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, the unstretched polyester multifilament 3 is supplied to a feed roller 4 pressed by a nip roller, and the feed roller and a heating roller 5 heated to a temperature above the glass transition point of the filament. While heating with a heating roller 5 while applying a slight stretch between them, while performing heat treatment between a roller 5 and a roller 6 with a heating body 7 such as a heating plate heated above the crystallization temperature of the polyester fiber. Stretch.
The drawn filament is heat-treated by the heating element 9 between the roller 6 and the roller 8 under relaxing conditions. The strength and elongation of the polyester fiber of the present invention, the gradients A and B, and the ratio B / A can be set to desired values mainly by appropriately controlling the stretching ratio, the relaxation ratio, and the heat treatment temperature in the above steps. it can. In particular, since the gradients A and B and the ratio B / A are affected by the relaxation ratio and the heat treatment temperature under relaxation, it is preferable that the relaxation rate is 2 to 7% and the heat treatment temperature is not less than the stretching temperature.

[0021]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. In addition, intrinsic viscosity, SS curve, relaxation rate, tear resistance,
The texture and the like of the cloth were measured by the following methods.

(Intrinsic viscosity) Measured in an o-chlorophenol solution at a concentration of 1.2 g / 100 ml and at a temperature of 35 ° C.

(SS curve of fiber) Using an Instron type measuring device, measurement is carried out at a sample length of 20 cm and a pulling speed of 10 cm / min, and recorded on an appropriate recording paper. Recorded SS
Read the required properties from the curve. When setting the sample in the Instron type measuring device, the load is set to 0.1 g / d at the lower end of the sample so as not to loosen the yarn. Breaking strength is the value obtained by dividing the strength at break by denier (g / d
e), the elongation at break is the elongation at break (%), and the slope A is the slope (g / de /%) of the tangent line drawn at the 0% elongation of the SS curve. , The slope B is the elongation of the SS curve is 0
The smallest tangent gradient within the range of ~ 4% (g
/ De /%). This measurement was performed 5 times and the average value was calculated.

The surface velocity V ₁ of the drawing rollers (relaxation modulus of the fiber), when the surface velocity V ₂ of the relaxation roller, relaxation rate _{(%) = {(V 1} -V 2) / V 1} × 10
A value obtained as 0, and a positive case corresponds to the relaxation condition.

(Breathability) JIS L-1096-79-
6.27 Air permeability According to the A method, it was measured using a Frazier type airflow meter. That is, 10 cm x from the fabric sample
5 pieces of a 20 cm test piece are taken in the vertical direction and 5 pieces in the horizontal direction, and a 5 cm cut is made at the right angle at the center of both grips of the test piece using an Instron type measuring device, and a pulling speed of 10 cm /
Measure in minutes and record on recording paper.

The maximum and minimum values were removed from the recorded data, and the values at the second, third and fourth positions were averaged.

(Fabric texture) The evaluation scale of the fabric was ⊚: very good, ∘: good, ×: somewhat bad.

(Burst strength) Diameter 108 mm with fixed end
2 to 3 from the gas supply port with a diameter of 40 mm from under the circular fabric
Nitrogen gas of kg / cm ² was supplied, and the internal pressure when the test fabric material bursts was measured. The internal pressure at this time was divided by the basis weight (g / m ² ) of the fabric material, and 10 times that value was taken as the burst strength.

(Tear strength) JIS L-1096-79
-6.15.2 Measured by the single tongue method.

(Cloth specific gravity) Calculated by calculation from the hollow ratio of the fiber, the basis weight of the greige and the basis weight of the resin processing.

(Cover factor CF) Total denier (D ₀ ) of the yarn and reduced denier (D) calculated from the hollowness
₁ ) and the number of warp and weft threads per 2.54 cm, respectively, X and Y, the cover factor DF is calculated from the following formula.
Was calculated. CF = D ₁ ^1/2 × (X + Y) D ₁ = D ₀ / (1-K / 100) This value is a measure of the degree of opening of the fabric.

[0032]

Example 1 Polyester multifilament yarn (30 / denier / 15 filaments) having the hollow ratio, denier, intrinsic viscosity, single fiber fineness, breaking strength, breaking elongation, gradient A, and gradient ratio B / A shown in Table 1. ) Was used to produce a woven fabric having the following structure. Weaving density; warp 100 / 2.54 cm Weft 100 / 2.54 cm The unit design is to arrange 20 polyester and multifilament yarns forming the above-mentioned ground structure in order, and then to form the ground structure. One thick yarn obtained by plying three polyester multifilament yarns constituting the yarn is arranged, then two polyester multifilament yarns constituting the above ground structure are arranged, and then the above three yarns are combined. It was an array of one thick yarn obtained by threading.

The textile greige thus obtained was subjected to scouring, presetting, and dyeing steps by a conventional method, and then subjected to heat treatment under predetermined conditions. The resulting woven fabric was coated with a polyurethane resin at a rate of 5 g / m ² . The characteristics of the obtained fabric material are shown in Table 2.

[0034]

[Table 1]

[0035]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2, those within the scope of the present invention are extremely useful as a cloth for wind-breathing sports. In other words, the cloth having a low basis weight has a high cover factor and is suitable for a spinnaker for racing when a light wind is particularly required.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 Load of polyester fiber used in the present invention
It is a graph which shows an example of an extension curve.

FIG. 2 is a process explanatory view showing an example of a method for producing a polyester fiber constituting the cloth of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fabric for sports which winds, comprising polyester fibers, which mainly satisfy the following (1) to (7), as main constituent fibers. (1) 20 ≦ K ≦ 50 (2) 0.95 ≧ [η] _F ≧ 0.70 (3) 3 ≧ DPF ≧ 1.5 (4) ST ≧ 6.0 g / de (5) EL ≧ 20. 0% (6) A ≧ 1.0 g / de /% (7) 0.5 ≧ B / A ≧ 0.2 [where K is the hollow ratio (%), [η] _F is the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester fiber, DPF is single fiber fineness (denier), ST
Is the breaking strength, EL is the breaking elongation, A is the gradient at the elongation of 0% in the load-load elongation curve, and B is the smallest gradient in the range of the elongation of 0 to 4%. ]