JPH0557209A - Crushing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide crushing equipment capable of stable and continuous operation by automatically changing the thickness of a raw material layer and the number of revolutions of a turntable to suppress vibration even if large vibration occurs during operation in a preliminary crusher, in crushing equipment where a vertical crusher and a finishing mill are used for precrushing and finishing crushing, respectively, and crude powder after precrushing is fed to the finishing mill to produce film powder. CONSTITUTION:Crushing equipment is composed of raw material supplying equipments 60, 70, 80 for supplying raw material to a vertical crusher 1, a finishing mill 110, a classifier 120, a dust collector 130 and an air intake fan 140. The vertical crusher 1 is equipped with a vibrometer 200, a thickness meter 210 for raw material layers and a controller 220.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The crushing equipment of the present invention uses a vertical crusher as a preliminary crusher for a finishing mill such as a ball mill, and mainly cement clinker, blast furnace slag, etc. are particularly hard and difficult to crush. Also, the present invention relates to a crushing facility for finely crushing a raw material having a strong abrasion property.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a kind of crusher for finely crushing chemicals such as limestone, blast furnace slag, and cement raw material into powder, as shown in FIG. 6, a vertical crusher equipped with a rotary table and crushing rollers. 1 is widely used. This type of crusher has a motor 2 at the bottom of the cylindrical casing 15.
A disk-shaped rotary table 3A driven by a speed reducer 2 by A to rotate at a low speed, and a plurality of crushing rollers 4 that are driven to rotate by being hydraulically pressed against a portion equally dividing the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface thereof in the circumferential direction. Is equipped with.

The crushing roller 4 is connected to a piston rod 10 of a hydraulic cylinder 9 via an arm 5 and an arm 7 which are pivotally supported by a shaft 15 by a shaft 6, and by operating the hydraulic cylinder 9, The crushing roller 4 is pressed against the rotary table 3A to apply crushing pressure to the raw material. 3B is a dam ring provided on the outer peripheral edge of the rotary table 3A for adjusting the raw material layer thickness, 14 is a gas blowing annular space passage around the rotary table 3A, 14A is a gas supply passage, and 13 is a raw material crushed by blades 13A. A rotary separator for classification, 16 is an outlet for taking out a product together with gas, and 17 is a raw material charging chute.

In such a vertical crusher, the raw material supplied to the central portion of the rotary table by the raw material feeding chute 17 receives the centrifugal force in the radial direction of the rotary table 3A and slides on the rotary table 3A. At times, the rotary table 3A receives a force in the rotation direction, and the rotary table 3A
It slides with A and performs a rotation somewhat slower than the rotation speed of the rotary table 3A. The above two forces, that is, the radial direction force and the rotational direction force are combined, and the raw material is the rotary table 3.
A spiral locus is drawn on A to move to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A. Since the roller is pressed against the outer periphery and is rotating, the raw material in which the spiral is drawn enters the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A from a direction forming an angle with the roller axial direction and is bitten. It is crushed and crushed.

On the other hand, at the base of the casing 15, gas such as air or hot air is introduced by a duct,
This gas blows up from the annular space portion 14 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 3A and the inner peripheral surface of the casing, so that the pulverized fine powder is entrained in the gas and the casing 1
5, the blade 1 of the separator 13 that is located in the upper part
The product having a predetermined particle size is subjected to the classification action by 3A and is discharged together with the gas from the discharge port 16 and sent to the next step.

In recent years, the demand for the product particle size of pulverized raw materials has been increasing year by year, and it has become more and more desired to make the product particle size finer, which is called fine pulverization or ultrafine pulverization. Therefore, it becomes difficult to meet the demand with a single crusher. Therefore, for example, before the raw material is put into a finishing mill such as a ball mill, a vertical crusher is used as a preliminary crusher. A method has been adopted in which pulverized products are sieved with a vibrating screen and only fine powder is supplied to a finishing mill. FIG. 5 shows a flow sheet in this case. The raw material of the raw material hopper 70 supplied by the raw material conveyor 60 is crushed by the vertical crusher 1 through the constant feed ware 80, and the product vibrates through the bucket elevator 90. The fine powder is guided to the screen 100 and screened, only fine powder is pulverized by a finishing mill (ball mill) 110, and the oversized product is preliminarily pulverized again by the vertical pulverizer 1. 120
Is a classifier, 130 is a dust collector, and 140 is a suction fan.

[0007]

In the above-described two-stage crushing by the preliminary crushing and the main crushing, the product of the preliminary crushing is sieved by the vibrating sieve, and the maintenance of the sieve becomes a problem. That is, for example, in the case of a raw material that is particularly abrasive, such as when crushing cement clinker containing slag, it is generally necessary to inspect and replace the vibrating screen every 2 to 3 months. However, it was inevitable to stop the operation for several hours, and the decrease in productivity due to the operation stop was unavoidable. Therefore, the adoption of an alternative means instead of a vibrating screen has been an immediate problem.

Further, when a hard and poorly crushable raw material such as slag or clinker is finely pulverized, a strong pressing force is applied to the pulverizing roller, so that the raw material layer thickness is comparatively small, so that vibration easily occurs and occurs. The vibration value (amplitude) was larger than that of ordinary raw materials, and there was the drawback that stable continuous operation was difficult to continue.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the crushing equipment of the present invention is a crushing equipment using a vertical crusher as a preliminary crusher. Is a vertical crusher that arranges a plurality of rotatable crushing rollers on the upper surface of the outer periphery of the rotary table and applies a predetermined crushing force to the crushing roller to crush the raw material between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller. The machine is equipped with a vibrometer in the casing, is equipped with a bed thickness gauge for measuring the material layer thickness between the rotary table and the crushing roller during operation, and the motor for driving the rotary table is a variable speed motor, and When the indicated value of the vibrometer exceeds a preset value or when the indicated value of the layer thickness gauge deviates from a preset range, a control device for changing the rotation speed of the variable speed motor is provided, Below the outer circumference of the rotary table Comprising an outlet of the grinding product to a raw material supply equipment for supplying the raw material into 該竪 pulverizer, and 該竪 pulverizer, a mill finish grinding the crushed product 該竪 pulverizer,
It consisted of a classifier for classifying fine powder after crushing, a dust collector for collecting fine powder after classification, and a suction fan.

[0010]

The crushing equipment of the present invention is a two-stage crushing process in which coarse particles of the crushed product crushed by the vertical crusher used as the preliminary crusher are supplied to the finishing mill and crushed. The fine powder of the die crusher is classified into fine powder, while the coarse powder after classification is crushed again in the finishing mill, resulting in high crushing efficiency. In addition, since the vibrating screen is omitted in the route that feeds the finishing mill, there are few outages and productivity is improved. Furthermore, when vibration occurs in the vertical crusher, the number of revolutions of the rotary table is changed by the vibrometer and bed thickness gauge installed in the vertical crusher and the difference between this measured value and the preset value. The control device that keeps the raw material layer thickness properly and controls the raw material supply amount can suppress the continuation of vibration generation and suppress it, so that stable continuous operation can be performed.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show an embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a crushing facility, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control device, FIG. 3 is a control system diagram, and FIG. 4 is a schematic explanation of a layer thickness gauge. FIG. In the figure, 1 is a vertical crusher, 2
A is a variable speed electric motor, 60 is a raw material conveyor, 70 is a raw material hopper, 80 is a constant feed ware, 80a is a variable speed electric motor for the same, 80b is a constant feed ware 80 weighing machine, 110 is a finishing mill (for example, ball mill or (Rod mill), 120 is a classifier, 130 is a dust collector, and 140 is a suction fan. A vibrometer 200 is attached to the casing 15 of the vertical crusher 1, and a layer thickness gauge 21 is attached to the arm 5 of the crushing roller 4 as shown in FIG.
Equipped with 0. 220 is a control device, and is a vibrometer 20.
0, the layer thickness gauge 210, the variable speed electric motor 2A, and the variable speed electric motor 80a of the constant feed ware 80. A ball mill or a rod mill is usually used as the finishing mill 110, and a classifying device (for example, a cyclone separator is used) 120 is connected in a closed circuit, and coarse powder after classification is supplied again to the inlet side of the finishing mill 110. The fine powder is collected by a dust collector 130 such as a bag filter, a cyclone, or an electric dust collector to be a product.

Next, of the structure of the vertical crusher 1, the layer thickness gauge 210 and the controller 220 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the layer thickness gauge 210 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the arm 5 that rotates the movement of the pulverizing roller 4 that moves up and down in response to a change in the raw material layer thickness that constantly changes during operation around the rotation axis 6 is used. As a displacement converter, for example, the displacement is measured by a layer thickness meter 130 to which a differential transformer is applied. That is, as shown in the figure, a core C made of a magnetic material is inserted between the primary coil E and the secondary coils A and B, and a constant AC voltage E _{P is} applied to the primary coil A.
Is excited and connected to the arm 5 via the rod R to move forward and backward, the reactance of the secondary coil A and the secondary coil B is changed by the movement of the core C, and the induced voltages E _A and E _The output potential difference E ₀ is obtained by making a difference in _B , and the displacement of the core C can be measured from this. The other structure of the vertical crusher 1 is the same as that described in the prior art, and the description thereof is omitted.

Next, the operation of the control device 220 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the measurement results of the vibrometer 200, the layer thickness gauge 210, and the weighing machine 80b, which are measured at every time interval set by the timer, are converted into electric signals and input to the control device 220. A comparator compares these three pieces of information (vibration value, raw material layer thickness, and raw material supply amount) with a preset value. If the set value is out of the range, the controller is turned off. The rotation speed of the variable speed electric motor 2A is controlled via this to increase or decrease the rotation speed of the rotary table 3A. The set values are the standard vibration level, the standard material layer thickness and the rated speed (variable speed motor for rotating table), rated speed (variable speed motor for constant feed wear drive).
Put in. The controller consists of a controller and a controller, and the controller indicates the range of increase or decrease in the number of rotations of the rotary table drive variable speed motor according to the difference between the measured value and the set value of the vibration value or the raw material layer thickness. The control operation includes proportional operation (P operation), integral operation (I operation), derivative operation (D operation), proportional integral operation (PI operation), proportional derivative operation (PD).
It can be used properly according to the situation of changes in the water content of the raw material such as (operation). In addition to the above, the controller also has a role of instructing the width of reducing the raw material supply amount according to how the measured value exceeds the set value of vibration. The raw material supply amount is obtained by integrating the measured values of the weighing machine 80b of the constant feed ware 80 in units of time.

The operator transmits an operation command to the variable speed electric motor 2A or the variable speed electric motor 80a based on the instruction from the controller. The lines with arrows in the figure show the flow of signals.

The flow of the control system of these control devices 220 is as shown in FIG. That is, the vibration value, the raw material layer thickness, and the raw material supply amount are measured at time intervals designated by the running timer, and when the actual vibration value is larger than the reference vibration level (for example, one-sided amplitude of 50 μm), the raw material layer thickness is within the set range. When it is lower, the rotary table rotation speed is decreased, and when it is higher than the set range, the rotary table rotation speed is increased. When the vibration level is high even though the raw material layer thickness is in the proper range, the raw material supply amount is temporarily reduced in order to avoid this situation. The rotation speed of the rotary table is reduced to maintain the original material layer thickness. In addition, when the vibration level is within the reference level and the raw material supply amount is less than the rated value, the raw material supply amount is increased, but at this time as well, the rotating table rotation speed is increased by a commensurate amount so that the raw material layer thickness does not change.

After changing the operation in this way, after a lapse of a certain time by the timer, the vibration value and the raw material layer thickness measured value by the layer thickness gauge 210 are compared again with the set value. Repeat the above operation. The set value of the vibration value is about 50 μm per side amplitude, and the set value of the raw material layer thickness depends on the type of raw material, the model number of the crusher, and the product grain size, and cannot be determined in a general manner. The coarser the grain size, the greater the set layer thickness. It is advisable to grasp the situation by operating records and test runs and select appropriate values.

By performing the automatic control having the feedback mechanism as described above, the vibration value suddenly increases, or the water content of the feed material suddenly decreases (or increases) during operation, and the grinding efficiency decreases. Or the biting becomes worse and the vibration value increases, the above operation improves the raw material supply rate and the raw material layer thickness, and the raw material becomes better in the biting and the stable operation is restored. Can be returned to the state.

In the crushing equipment of the present invention, such a vertical crusher 1 performs preliminary crushing, fine particles are classified and conveyed by air to the classifier 120, and coarse particles are supplied to the finishing mill 110 and crushed. Then, the fine powder having a desired particle size after finishing pulverization is collected by the classifier (cyclone separator) 120 connected to the finishing mill 110 in a closed circuit by the dust collector 130. Therefore, a classifying device such as a vibrating screen is not required between the vertical crusher and the finishing mill, and the configuration of the entire plant is simple, so the equipment cost and running cost are low. Especially with a highly abrasive material, frequent outages due to replacement of worn parts are avoided.

[0019]

Since the crushing equipment of the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. Among the crushed products of the vertical crusher as a preliminary crusher, fine powder does not pass through the finishing mill, so over-milling in the finishing mill can be prevented and crushing efficiency is improved. When the vertical crusher vibrates, the rotation speed of the rotary table is automatically changed to keep the raw material layer thickness within an appropriate range to suppress the vibration, so that the crushing equipment can be operated stably for a long period of time. Since the vibrating screen is not used unlike the prior art, wear parts replacement intervals are long, continuous operation periods are long, productivity is improved, and maintainability is improved. Since there is no classification equipment between the preliminary crushing and the finish crushing, the equipment cost is low.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an example of a crushing facility of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a control device for a vertical crusher according to the crushing equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a control system diagram of a vertical crusher according to the crushing equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view (longitudinal sectional view) of a layer thickness gauge of a vertical crusher according to the crushing equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flow sheet of a conventional crushing facility.

FIG. 6 is an overall vertical sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vertical Grinder 2 Speed Reducer 2A Variable Speed Electric Motor 2K Constant Speed Motor 3A Rotary Table 4 Grinding Roller 5 Arm 6 Rotating Shaft 15 Casing 60 Raw Material Conveyor 70 Raw Material Hopper 80 Constant Feed Wear 80a Variable Speed Electric Motor 80b Weighing Machine 90 Bucket Elevator 100 Vibrating Screen 110 Finishing Mill 120 Classifying Device 130 Dust Collector 140 Suction Fan 200 Vibrometer 210 Layer Thickness Gauge 220 Control Device A Secondary Coil B Secondary Coil C Core E Primary Coil R Rod

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A crushing facility using a vertical crusher as a preliminary crusher, wherein the vertical crusher has a plurality of rotatable crushing rollers disposed on an upper surface of an outer periphery of a rotary table. A vertical crusher for crushing raw materials between the upper surface of the rotary table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller by applying a predetermined crushing force to the casing. When the motor for driving the rotary table is a variable speed motor and the indicated value of the vibrometer exceeds a preset value, or when the indication of the layer thickness gauge is displayed, A control device for changing the rotation speed of the variable speed motor when the value deviates from a preset range, and a grinding product discharge port is provided at the lower outer periphery of the rotary table, and the raw material is supplied to the vertical grinding machine. A raw material supply facility for supplying From a vertical crusher, a finishing mill for crushing the crushed products of the vertical crusher, a classifier for classifying fine powder after crushing, a dust collector and a suction fan for collecting fine powder after classification. Crushing equipment.