JPH0553447B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a combine harvester equipped with a row crop header device for harvesting grain culms such as soybeans that are set at relatively low positions.

[Prior art]

Conventional full-feed type axial flow combine harvesters use a raking reel to rake in the grain culm and harvest it with a cutting blade, and the cut grain is transported from the raking auger to the handling room by a chain conveyor in the feeder house, where it is transported to the handling room by a screw-type harvester. The grain is now threshed using a handling barrel.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In such a combine harvester, the crops are raked in a random manner with one raking reel, which tends to damage the crops, and also makes it impossible to reap crops in accordance with the type and planting state of the crops. In particular, it was not possible to harvest grains such as soybeans that bear fruit at relatively low positions.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and enables harvesting work to be carried out according to the type of grain and the planting state, and in particular can be done at a constant rate without damaging each row of grains that bear fruit at a relatively low position. This allows reaping work to be performed at a cutting height of 1,000 yen, and when reaping work is performed using a part of the reaping section when reaping on the side of the field, the drive of the part that is not required is stopped.

The present invention includes a divider that divides a plurality of grain culms to be harvested into individual rows, a conveyance mechanism disposed behind the divider that conveys the grain culms cut by a cutting blade, and this conveyance mechanism and the divider. This combine is equipped with a row-crop header device that can be raised and lowered and has multiple units with drive shafts that drive the blades.Each unit can be raised and lowered individually, and each unit can be moved up and down by manual operation. If the unit is raised to the upper limit position, the transport mechanism and cutting blades in that unit are stopped, and if the row crop header device is manually raised to the upper limit position, all units are stopped. The present invention is characterized in that it is designed to stop the drive of the conveyance mechanism and the cutting blade.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described below based on the drawings showing embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 is a right side view of a combine harvester according to the present invention. This combine is equipped with a row crop header device 1 in place of the scraping reel in a conventional axial flow combine. The row crop header device 1 has three sets of units 2 that divide and reap the grain culms to be reaped in each row, and further convey them to the raking auger 3 behind them.
The grain harvested by the row crop header device 1 is conveyed from the raking auger 3 to the handling room 6 by the chain conveyor 5 of the feeder house 4, and is threshed by the screw type handling cylinder 7. The threshed and grated material falls from the receiving net 8 onto the swinging sorting board 9, and is then moved to the blower fan 1.
0 and is sorted by the oscillating sorting board 9. During this sorting process, grains and fine straw waste leak downward from the oscillating sorting board 9, and only the long straw is carried toward the dust outlet 11.

Leakage including grains that have fallen from the oscillating sorting board 9 is sorted by a blower fan 12 such as a winnowing device, and the grains are transferred to the first gutter 13 and the second particles to the second gutter 1.
4, the grains that fell into the first gutter 13 are transported to the paddy tank by a grain frying conveyor, and the second grains are transported to the paddy tank in the thrower tube 1.
5 and then returned to the handling room 6.
The discharge culm of the handling chamber 6 is composed of a discharge blade 18 at the rear end of the handling cylinder 7 and a casing 19. 16 is a crawler equipped with a threshing machine, and 17 is a control section.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the row crop header device attached to the front side of the combine, and FIG. 3 is a left side view thereof. The row drop header device 1 is mounted so as to be elevated relative to the machine by a hydraulic cylinder 66. The three units 2, 2, 2 in the row drop header device 1 each include a pair of left and right dividers 20, and a pair of left and right transport mechanisms 2 behind them.
1. It has a cutting blade 23, a transport mechanism 21, a drive shaft 22 for driving the cutting blade 23, etc., and each unit 2 is rotatable in the vertical direction and horizontal direction around the drive shaft 22. It is now possible to move.

Each unit in the row-crop header device 1 has a pair of left and right row-crop header frames 2 mounted on the front part of a platform frame 24 equipped with a scraping auger 3 inside the front part of the combine.
5 extends forward, and is attached to each row-crop header frame 25 on a guide rail 26 having a U-shaped cross section and extending horizontally in the left-right direction.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the area around the guide rail 26 of the row drop header device, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view thereof. Inside the guide rail 26 is a slide frame 2.
7 is slidably fitted to the guide rail 26. The guide rail 26 has long holes 28 in the left and right direction.
a and 28b are bored in two places, and a hydraulic cylinder 30 is installed on the lower side of the guide rail 26.
The piston rod 30a is installed with the forward and backward direction of the piston rod 30a as the left and right direction.
A bolt 31 is inserted into the tip from below, and the bolt 31 is inserted through one long hole 28a in the guide rail 26 and the slide frame 27, and is fixed to the slide frame 27 with a nut 32. The bolt 31 has a sleeve 31a.
is fitted externally. A bolt 33 attached to the slide frame 27 is slidably fitted into the other long hole 28b, so that the slide frame 27 is moved along the guide rail 26 when the piston rod 30a of the hydraulic cylinder 30 moves in and out. and move it left and right.

Bearing bodies 34a and 34b are attached to the upper surfaces of the left and right sides of the slide frame 27, respectively, and bearing pipes 35a and 35b that rotatably support the drive shaft 22 are respectively attached to the bearing bodies 34a and 34b. It is rotatably mounted.

Bevel cases 36, 36 are attached to one end of each bearing pipe 35a, 35b, respectively, and each bevel case 36, 36 is connected by a connecting pipe 37, and the drive shaft 22 is inserted into the connecting pipe 37 and each It penetrates inside the bevel cases 36, 36.

Inside each bevel case 36 of the drive shaft 22,
Bevel gears 91, 91 are loosely fitted, and each bevel gear 91 has an electromagnetic clutch 92, 92 which is slidable and rotatable integrally with the drive shaft 22.
They are engaged by the pressing force of pressing springs 93, 93. Each electromagnetic clutch 92 is separated from each bevel gear 91 by electromagnetic force. bevel gear 9
1 and 91 are in mesh with bevel gears 94 and 94 fixed to intermediate shafts 38 and 38 extending above the upper surface of each bevel case 36 and 36, and the rotation of the drive shaft 22 is controlled by each electromagnetic clutch. 92, 92 and bevel gears 91, 91 and 94, 94, and are transmitted to the intermediate shafts 38, 38, respectively. Each intermediate shaft 3
8 and 38 are attached to the bevel cases 36 and 36 at their lower ends, and are inserted through pipes 39 and 39 whose upper ends are attached to the rear lower surface of the transport mechanism 21, respectively, to drive a chain with tines in the transport mechanism 21, which will be described later. I'm starting to do that.

Bearing pipe 3 pivotally supported by one bearing body 34a
A bevel case 41 is attached to the right end of the bearing body 3.
It is rotatable relative to 4a. The drive shaft 22 rotatably passes through the bevel case 41. A bevel gear 42 is loosely fitted to the drive shaft 22, and an electromagnetic clutch 43 that can slide freely and rotate integrally with the drive shaft 22 is engaged with the bevel gear 42 by the pressing force of a pressure spring 44. ing. The electromagnetic clutch 43 is disengaged by electromagnetic force. A bevel gear (not shown) externally fitted onto a cutting blade drive shaft 45 extending forward from the front surface of the bevel case 41 meshes with the bevel gear 42 .
The cutting blade drive shaft 45 is inserted through a pipe 46 whose rear end is attached to the front surface of the bevel case.

A spline 22a is formed at each end of the drive shaft 22, and a spline 22a is formed at the outer end of the drive shaft 22 in the right unit.
An input pulley 47 is fitted onto the input pulley 47 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and each end of the other drive shaft 22 is connected to an adjacent unit by a spline 22a and a coupling 48 formed at the end. 2 drive shaft 2
2 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of one unit, and the mounting structure of each unit 2 will be explained based on this figure and FIG. 3.

A transport case frame 5 is mounted on the front surface of the bevel cases 36, 36 attached to the slide frame 27.
The rear end of 0.50 is attached. The transport case frames 50, 50 are bevel cases 36, 36
The mounting rod 20 of the divider 20 is bent at a substantially right angle and extends forward and downward from the front surface of the frame 50 .
The rear end portions of a are attached respectively. Upper end portions of connecting pipes 51 each having a U-shape in front view are fixed to the middle of a portion of each transport case frame 50 that extends forward and downward. A receiving blade part 23a of the cutting blade 23 is provided on the front surface of the connecting pipe 51 in the left and right direction.
A transmission mechanism 52 provided at the tip of a cutting blade drive shaft 45 is connected to the right end of the cutting blade 23, and the cutting blade 23 is rotated by the rotation of the cutting blade drive shaft 45. It reciprocates in the left-right direction while slidingly contacting the portion 23a.

In the middle of the connecting pipe 51, the tip of a piston rod 53a of a hydraulic cylinder 53 supported by a trunnion on the front surface of the row drop header frame 25 is pivotally supported, and when it advances, the transport case frame 50 and thus the unit 2 The whole is pivoted upwards and downwards by retraction.

The left and right side parts of a pair of left and right transport mechanisms 21 arranged in two stages, upper and lower, are respectively attached to the front upper surface of each transport case frame 50. The transport mechanism 2
1 is a pair of left and right upper transport cases 55, 55, each of which has a chain with tines stretched therein, and a pair of left and right lower transport cases 56, which are parallel to the upper transport case and have a chain with tines stretched therein. 5
6, and is inclined so that its rear part faces upward, similar to the front part of the transport case frame 50. The aforementioned pipes 39, 39 are attached to the rear of each lower transport case 56, respectively, and the chain with tines inside the lower transport case 56 is driven by the intermediate shaft 38 inserted through each pipe 39. Further, the rear upper surface of the lower transport case 56 and the rear upper surface of the upper transport case 55 are connected by a pipe 57, and an intermediate shaft 38 passing through the lower transport case 56 is inserted through the pipe 57. axis 38
At this time, the chain with tines in the upper transport case 55 is also driven.

Therefore, the piston rod 5 of the hydraulic cylinder 53
3a advances (or retreats), the transport case frame 50 moves upward (or downward) around the drive shaft 22.
The conveyance mechanism 21 on the upper surface and the cutting blade 23 on the lower side are also rotated upward, and as the conveyance case frame 50 is rotated upward (or downward), the bevel gears 36, 36, and 41 are also rotated. As a result, the intermediate shafts 39, 39 and the cutting blade drive shaft 45 are rotated upward (or downward) while power is being transmitted.

A sensor box 61b of a strip sensor 61 is attached to the front lower part of the transport mechanism 21 on the mounting rod 20a of the right divider 20 of the rightmost unit 2. Sensor arm 61a towards the front
has been extended. The central unit 2 also has a similar sensor arm 62a and sensor box 62b.
Furthermore, a strip sensor 63 is provided on the mounting rod 20a of the left divider 20 of the leftmost unit 2 with a sensor arm 63a extending from the sensor box 63b toward the center of the unit. ing. Each sensor arm 61
a, 62a, and 63a extend beyond the center of each unit 2, and as the machine advances, the tips thereof are rotated rearward as they come into contact with the grain culm to be harvested in each unit 2. It's summery. Two limit switches are provided in each sensor box 61b, 62b, 63b, which turn on and off according to the amount of rearward rotation of each sensor arm 61a, 62a, 63a, so that the grain culm is located approximately at the center of each unit. When located, each sensor arm 61a,
When the sensor arms 62a and 63a come into contact and rotate, both limit switches turn off. If the sensor arm rotates further backwards from this state, one limit switch turns on, and conversely, the sensor arm turns off from this state. If the amount of rotation is small, the other limit switch is turned on.

Note that the strip sensors 61, 62, and 63 are the transport mechanism 21.
The structure may be such that it is attached not only to the front lower part of the divider 20 but also to the side surface of the divider 20.

The mounting rod 20a of the right-hand divider 20 in each unit is provided with a cutting height sensor 65 for detecting the height of the mounting rod 20a above the ground. The cutting height sensor 65 has a sensor box 65b attached to the mounting rod 20a, and a sensor arm 65a extending downward from the bottom surface of the sensor box 65b.The sensor arm 65a slides on the field surface and rotates in the vertical direction. It's getting old. Two limit switches are provided within the sensor box 65b.
When the height of the mounting rod 20a from the ground becomes smaller and the sensor arm 65a rotates upward, one limit switch 65u (see FIG. 7) is turned on, and conversely, when the height from the ground becomes larger than a predetermined value, the sensor arm 65a turns on. When the limit switch 65d rotates downward, the other limit switch 65d (see FIG. 7) is turned on.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a control system for a combine harvester according to the present invention. In the figure, 70 is a control unit using a microcomputer, and the control unit 70
Input signals to the automatic steering control system that causes the machine to travel along grain culm rows to be harvested are based on either the detection result of the left row sensor 61 or the detection result of the right row sensor 63. In addition to the output signal of the steering selection switch 71 which selects whether to perform direction control and the output signal of the manual cutting height switch 72 which manually raises and lowers the entire row crop header device 1, the row crop header device A limit switch 61l is provided in the sensor box 61b of the row sensor 61 provided in the right unit 2 in 1, and is turned on when the grain culm is closer to the right side with respect to that unit. each output signal of the limit switch 61r that is turned on when
3, a limit switch 65u which is provided in the sensor box 65b of the cutting height sensor 65 provided in the right unit 2 and turns on when the height of this unit from the ground is below a predetermined value; Each output signal of the limit switch 65d that is turned on when the cutting height is above, the output signal of the unit lift switch 74 that is operated when manually adjusting the cutting height of each unit, and the hydraulic cylinder 30 that moves the unit in the left and right direction. The unit position sensor 75 detects the horizontal position of the unit by outputting a potential corresponding to the amount of movement of the piston rod 30a. This is the output signal of a unit height sensor 76 which detects the height position of the unit by outputting a potential corresponding to the amount of movement of the piston rod 53a.

The output signals of the row sensor limit switch, cutting height sensor limit switch, row adjustment switch, unit lift switch, unit position sensor, and unit height sensor provided in each of the other units are also separately given to the control section 70. ing.

The output signal from the control unit 70 is generated by solenoids S ₁ and S ₂ that, when energized, disengage the left and right side clutches 81 and 82 that control the steering of the aircraft.
The solenoid valve provided in the control hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 66 is energized to cause the piston rod 66a to move.
A solenoid S 3 operates to advance the row drop header device 1 to raise it, and a solenoid S ₃ operates a solenoid valve to move the piston rod 66a back and lower the row drop header device 1 by its excitation. S ₄ , a solenoid S ₅ which operates a solenoid valve provided in the control hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 30 to advance the piston rod 30a and move the unit 2 to the left by energizing the solenoid valve; The solenoid S ₆ operates the solenoid valve to move the unit 2 to the right, and the solenoid valve provided in the control hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 53 for raising and lowering each unit 2 is energized to move the piston rod 53a.
Solenoid S ₇ operates the solenoid valve to move the piston rod 53a forward and raise the unit, solenoid S ₈ operates the solenoid valve to move the piston rod 53a in and out and lower the unit, and power is supplied from the drive shaft 22 to the cutting blade drive shaft 45. A solenoid S ₉ which transmits and interrupts the electromagnetic clutch 43 to be in a cut-off state by its excitation, and intermediate shafts 38 and 3 which drive the conveyance mechanism 21.
The electromagnetic clutches 92 and 92, which transmit and cut off the power from the drive shaft 22 to the drive shaft 22, are connected to solenoids S10 and S10, respectively, which cut off electromagnetic clutches ₉₂ and ₉₂ by their excitation.

The combine harvester having such a configuration is capable of running along the grain culms on the left or right side of the group of grain culms to be harvested, so-called automatic steering, and also allows each unit 2 of the row crop header device 1 to , the movement is controlled in the left-right direction so that it is at a predetermined position with respect to the grain culm to be reaped, that is, so that the grain culm to be reaped is located approximately in the center with respect to each unit 2, Furthermore, each unit is automatically controlled to ascend and descend based on the detection results of the cutting height sensor.

Part 8 about the main controls in this combine.
The explanation will be based on the flowchart shown in the figure. To start work, place the combine harvester facing the group of grain culms to be harvested, and turn the row adjustment switch 7 of each unit 2.
By operating 3, each unit is moved in the left and right direction so that each unit 2 is at a predetermined position with respect to the grain culm to be reaped, in other words,
The grain culm rays are positioned approximately at the center of each unit 2. When the operation of the row setting switch 73 is completed and each unit is at a predetermined position, the unit position sensor 75 detects the position from the extension length of the piston rod 30a of the hydraulic cylinder 30,
The control unit 70 stores each of the detected values _P75 .

On the other hand, the unit lift switch 7 of each unit 2
4 to set the height of each unit above the ground to a predetermined value. When the operation of the unit lift switch 74 is completed and the unit reaches a predetermined height above the ground, the unit height sensor 76 detects the height position of the unit from the extension length of the piston rod 53a of the hydraulic cylinder 53, and the control unit 70 stores the detected value _P76 .

Therefore, on the sides of the field, the number of reaping rows is 2.
In this case, the outermost unit does not need to be driven. Therefore, when the operator manually raises the unit to the upper limit position, the unit height sensor 76 detects that the unit has reached the upper limit position, and the control section 70 controls the solenoids S ₉ and S ₁₀ in that unit. _S10 is excited, and the drive of the cutting blade 23 and the drive of the conveyance mechanism 21 of that unit are stopped. Even when work is started, cutting height control and left/right movement control in this unit are not performed.

Now, a case where all the units 2 perform the reaping work will be described below. The machine automatically steers to follow the grain culm row to be harvested based on the detection results of the left or right row sensor 61 or 63, and each unit 2 steers in the left-right direction so that the grain culm row is located approximately in the center. Movement control is performed.

Further, each unit 2 is controlled to ascend and descend based on the detection result of a cutting height sensor 65 provided in each unit. That is, the height of the unit 2 from the ground becomes smaller (or larger) than a predetermined value due to the unevenness of the field surface, and the sensor arm 65a rotates upward (or downward), causing the limit switch 65u or 65d of the cutting height sensor 65 to be activated. When turned on, the control unit 70 excites the solenoid S ₇ or S ₈ to activate the hydraulic cylinder 53.
The piston rod 53a of the piston rod 53a is advanced (or retracted). As a result, the unit 2 including the divider 20, the transport mechanism 21, and the cutting blade 23 rises (or falls) around the drive shaft 22, and when its height above the ground reaches a predetermined value, the limit switch 65u or 65d is turned off.
Solenoid S ₇ or S ₈ is demagnetized.

Therefore, when the height of the unit 2 from the ground becomes smaller (or larger) and the limit switch 65u or 65d of the cutting height sensor 65 is turned on, the piston rod 53a of the hydraulic cylinder 53 is turned on.
becomes the advancing (or retracting) limit, and the height of the unit in the row drop header device becomes the upper limit (or lower limit) state, and when the unit height sensor 76 detects such a state, that is, If the cutting height does not reach the predetermined value with the elevation control of each unit, the solenoid _S3 or _S4 , which controls the hydraulic cylinder 66 for raising and lowering the entire rowcrop header device 1, is energized to raise and lower the height of the rowcrop. The entire Tsuda device 1 is raised (or lowered). When the entire row drop header device 1 is raised (or lowered), if each unit 2 does not reach the predetermined height above the ground, solenoid S ₇ or S ₈ is energized to raise (or lower) the unit 2. or lower) to reach a predetermined height above the ground.

If the manual mowing height switch 72 is operated during such automatic elevation control of the unit, the automatic elevation control based on the detection result of the cutting height sensor 65 will be prioritized and the operation of the switch 72 will be performed. Priority is given to elevating.

Now, when performing a steering operation to turn the machine after completing one stroke, the manual cutting height switch 72 is operated for a predetermined period of time t in order to move the row crop header device 1 to the upper retracted position. When the row drop header device 1 is raised to the upper retracted position, the control unit 70 activates the solenoids S ₉ and S ₁₀ ,
_S10 is excited to stop driving the cutting blade 23 and stop driving the conveying mechanism 21. In this case, the turning flag KF, which indicates that one stroke of work is completed and it is time to turn, becomes set (=1). In this state, perform the required turning operation,
Place the machine in front of the grain culms to be harvested in the next process,
When the manual cutting height switch 72 is operated for a predetermined time t in order to lower the row crop header device 1 to a predetermined working position, the row crop header device 1 is lowered to the predetermined working position. At the same time, each unit is placed in the state set at the start of work. That is, by energizing the solenoid S ₅ or S ₆ and driving the piston rod 30a of the hydraulic cylinder 30 forward and backward, the entire unit 2 is moved in the left and right direction, and the position of each unit 2 is adjusted to the position of the low drop header device 1. The hydraulic cylinder 35 that moves the unit 2 in the left and right direction is controlled to be in the same state as the one set before the start of work, that is, the hydraulic cylinder 35 that moves the unit 2 in the left and right direction is at the value P ₇₅ stored by the unit height sensor 35 at the start of work. , further energizes the solenoid S ₉ or S ₈ to activate the piston rod 53 of the hydraulic cylinder 53.
Each unit 2 is raised and lowered by moving the unit a forward and backward, and the height position of the unit 2 is brought to the same height position as the height set before starting work with respect to the row drop header device 1, that is, the start of work. The hydraulic cylinder 53 is controlled so that the unit height sensor 76 reaches the previously stored value _P76 . Then, when unit 2 is in the state before starting work, solenoid S ₉ and
S ₁₀ and S ₁₀ are demagnetized, the power of the drive shaft 22 is transmitted to the cutting blade 23 and the transport mechanism 21, and the cutting blade 23 and the transport mechanism 21 are driven. The work is restarted in this state, and the same control will be repeated thereafter.

Incidentally, when traveling on the road without performing reaping work, each unit is positioned at the uppermost side, and the entire row crop header device 1 is also raised to the upper retracted position, and the driving of the units is stopped.

〔effect〕

According to the present invention, each unit in the row crop header device can be raised and lowered, so that even when crops are fruiting at a relatively low position, each row is not left uncut or damaged. Furthermore, when the number of cutting rows decreases at the side of the field, the transport mechanism and drive of the cutting blade are stopped by raising the unit that is not needed, which reduces power wastage. can be prevented, and safety is also significantly improved. When turning the machine after completing one stroke of work, if the row crop header device 1 is manually retracted to the upper limit position, the transport mechanisms and cutting blades of all units are stopped, preventing unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, safety for nearby workers is increased.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, when driving on the road, each unit is raised to its upper limit position, and the entire row drop header device is also raised to its upper limit position, so safety is significantly improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention.
The figures are a left side view of a combine harvester according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the main parts thereof, FIG. 3 is a left side view thereof, and
The figure is a perspective view of the main parts, Figure 5 is a sectional view, Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of the unit, Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of the control system, and Figure 8 is a flowchart for explaining the control contents. It is. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Row-crop header device, 2... Unit, 3... Scraping auger, 20... Divider, 21
...transport mechanism, 22...drive shaft, 23...mower blade,
30...Hydraulic cylinder, 45...Mower blade drive shaft, 5
3... Hydraulic cylinder, 61, 62, 63... Row sensor, 65... Cutting height sensor, 70... Control unit,
_S1 to _S10 ... Solenoid.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A divider that separates a plurality of grain culms to be harvested into individual rows, a conveyance mechanism disposed behind the divider that conveys the grain culms cut by the cutting blade, and a divider that transports the grain culm cut by the cutting blade, and This is a combine harvester equipped with a row-crop header device that can be raised and lowered and has multiple units with drive shafts to drive.Each unit can be raised and lowered individually, and each unit can be moved to its upper limit position by manual operation. If the unit is raised to the maximum position, the conveyance mechanism and cutting blade drive of that unit will be stopped, and if the row crop header device is manually raised to its upper limit position, the conveyance mechanism and drive of all units will be stopped. A combine harvester characterized in that the drive of the cutting blade is stopped.