JPH0542401A - Nc machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a workpiece requiring complicated work processed to be wrought continuously without using ATC, by providing a large turret tool post in which many tools can be attached at a time. CONSTITUTION:A stationary tool post 15 provided with a large turret 16 which can be circularly indexed is fixed on a mount base in one body with a bed 1, and each of headstock 6 and tailstock 11 is provided to be movable synchronously or independently in the X.Z axis direction respectively. Cutting work is carried out by moving the headstock and the tailstock synchronously in the X.Z axis directions while an axial workpiece W1 is supported between a chuck 8 and a center 13. And moreover, the tailstock can be substituted for a counter-headstock, and the stationary tool post can be set on the both sides of the central line of a spruble.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an NC lathe of a type in which a tool post side is fixed and a headstock side and a tailstock side are moved.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional NC lathe, as shown in FIG. 7, a headstock 101 and a tailstock 10 capable of moving a mounting position in the Z-axis direction.
The work piece is supported by 2 and X of the tool rest 103 or 104
・ The type that performs cutting by moving in the Z-axis direction is common.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
Since the C-lathe is premised on the movement of the turret in the X and Z axes, the size of the turret is limited due to inertia during operation and interference with the cover, etc., and the number of tools set on the turret However, in the case of a workpiece having a complicated machining process, it is necessary to replace the tool during the machining, resulting in a waste of time and labor. The installation of an automatic tool changer for this purpose eliminates the waste of labor, but at the same time, it occupies an increased area, increases the cost of the machine, and still requires only the tool transfer time. The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the conventional technology,
The object of the invention is to provide an NC lathe which has a large tool rest on which a large number of tools can be set at one time and which enables continuous machining of workpieces having complicated machining processes.

[0004]

To achieve the above object, an NC machine tool according to the present invention comprises a headstock movable in the X and Z axis directions and a tailstock movable in the X and Z axis directions. ,
NC control driving means for moving the tailstock and the headstock respectively in the X and Z axis directions synchronously or independently, and swivel indexing provided on at least one side of the center lines of the main spindle and the tailstock. And a fixed turret having a turret. Further, an opposed headstock may be provided instead of the tailstock.

[0005]

[Operation] While the work piece is supported on the headstock and tailstock or on the headstock and the facing headstock, synchronous movement in the X and Z directions is performed by the NC synchronous movement command, and the turret of the fixed tool post is used. Cutting is performed with a tool that is attached and indexed to the cutting position. When using it as a chucker,
The workpiece of the workpiece is gripped by the chuck of the headstock to perform the primary machining of the surface, and the workpiece after the primary machining is automatically gripped by the opposing chuck of the opposing spindle stock to perform the secondary machining.
Further, in the case of a lathe having fixed tool turrets on both sides of the spindle center line, it is possible to simultaneously machine two workpieces that are respectively gripped by both the spindle stock and the opposed spindle stock.

[0006]

EXAMPLE A first example will be described with reference to FIGS. The central recess 1 on the bed 1 installed on the floor
Guides 1b and 1c in the Z-axis direction are provided on both sides of a. And on the upper surface of the guide 1b, the guide 2 in the X-axis direction is provided on the upper surface.
A left carriage 2 having a and an X on the upper surface on the guide 1c.
Right carriages 3 each having an axial guide 3a are movably mounted, the left carriage 2 is moved and positioned via a ball screw 4 by a servo motor (not shown), and the right carriage 3 is a servo (not shown). Ball screw 5 by motor
It is moved and positioned via.

A spindle stock 6 is movably mounted on the left carriage 2, and a spindle 7 rotated by a built-in motor (not shown) is rotatably supported on the spindle stock 6 to support the spindle 7.
A chuck 8 is concentrically fitted to the tip of the. The headstock 6 is moved and positioned by a servomotor (not shown) via a ball screw 9. Further, a tailstock 11 is movably mounted on the right carriage 3, and a tailstock shaft 12 is supported by the tailstock 11 concentrically with the main shaft 5 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and at the tip of the tailstock shaft 11. The rotation center 13 is detachably attached. Then, the tailstock 11 is moved and positioned by the servomotor (not shown) via the ball screw 14.

A fixed tool post mount 1d, which will be described later, is integrally provided on the rear side of the bed 1. A large fixed tool post 15 is fixed on the mount 1d, and the fixed tool post 15 has a large diameter. The turret 16 is provided so that it can be swivel-indexed about a swivel center axis (not shown) in the Z-axis direction. The turret 16 is located substantially at the center of the bed 1 and has a large number of tool mounting stations on its outer periphery, and the tools T are removably mounted on the tool mounting stations. More bed 1
A chip conveyor 17 for discharging chips toward the rear side in the X-axis direction is installed in the central recess 1a.
A cutting fluid tank 18 is installed under the machine, and a chip storage box 19 is installed outside the machine.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. The left end of the shaft work W1 is gripped by the chuck 8,
The center hole on the right end face is supported by the rotation center 13 of the tailstock 11, the work W is rotated by the rotation of the spindle 7, and the headstock 6 and the tailstock 11 are brought into the workpiece support state by the NC synchronous movement command. While keeping the same, the X-axis and the Z-axis move at the same time, and the cutting work is performed by the first tool T indexed to the cutting position of the turret 16. When the cutting process with the first tool T is completed,
After the headstock 6 and tailstock 11 move synchronously and retract to a position where there is no interference, the turret 16 turns to index the next tool T to the cutting position, and the cutting process is restarted by the method described above. ..

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, on the right carriage 3, instead of the tailstock 11, the opposed headstock 21 is X-shaped.
Only the parts that can be moved in the axial direction are mounted, and the other parts are the same, so the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid duplication, and the description thereof is omitted. An opposed spindle 22 is rotatably supported on the opposed headstock 21 by a built-in motor incorporated therein, and an opposed chuck 23 is concentrically fitted to the tip of the opposed main shaft 22.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described. The left end of the shaft work W1 is gripped by the chuck 8 and the right end thereof is gripped by the counter chuck 23, and the work W1 is rotated by the simultaneous rotation of the main shaft 7 and the counter main shaft 22. The opposing headstock 7 simultaneously moves in the X-axis and Z-axis while holding the workpiece W1, and cutting is performed by the first tool T indexed to the cutting position. When the cutting process with the first tool T is completed, the headstock 6 and the facing headstock 21 move synchronously and withdraw to a position where there is no interference, and then the turret 16 turns to index the next tool T to the cutting position. The cutting process is restarted by the method described above.

When used as a chucker,
First, the material of the workpiece W2 is gripped by the chuck 8 to perform the primary machining of the surface, and when the primary machining is completed, the opposed headstock 2
1 to the chuck 8 side in the Z-axis direction to move the opposing chuck 23
The right end of the workpiece is inserted into the gripping claw that is opened, the opposing chuck 23 is closed, the chuck 8 is opened and gripping is changed, and the headstock 6 is retracted to a position where there is no interference. Secondary movement of the back surface is performed by moving 21 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The difference of the third embodiment from the second embodiment is that a mounting base is provided in front of and behind the bed 1, and a large rear fixed turret 25 and a large front fixed turret 2 are mounted on this mounting base.
6 is only fixed, and the other parts are the same, so the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid duplication, and description thereof will be omitted. A large rear turret 27 is supported on the rear fixed turret 25 so as to be rotatable and indexable around an unillustrated pivot center axis in the Z-axis direction, and a front fixed turret 26 has a pivot center not shown in the Z axis direction. A large front turret 28 is supported for pivotal indexing about the axis. The rear turret 27 and the front turret 28 are provided at a position apart from the center of the bed and spaced from each other in the Z-axis direction.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described. The two workpieces W2 and the opposing chuck 2
3 respectively, and the workpiece W2 of the chuck 8 is moved by the tool T of the rear turret 27 by the X-axis and Z-axis movements of the headstock 6 and the X-axis and Z-axis movements of the opposed headstock 21 by the opposed chuck 23. The workpiece W2 of 1 is simultaneously cut by the tool T of the front turret 28. The chuck 8 and the opposing chuck 2
It is also possible to hold both ends of the shaft work piece 3 concentrically, and perform cutting with the tool T of the rear turret 27 or the tool T of the front turret 28. The material of the workpiece W2 is gripped by the chuck 8 and the tool T of the rear turret 27 is used to perform the primary machining of the surface. It is also possible to perform the secondary processing of the back surface performed by the tool T, and in this case, the primary processing and the secondary processing can be performed simultaneously.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a guide 1e parallel to the Z-axis guides 1b and 1c is provided on the front side of the bed 1, and the front carriage 31 is provided on the guide 1e. Is movably mounted, and the tool rest 32 is movably mounted on the guide 31a in the X-axis direction on the front carriage 31. A turret 33 is provided on the tool rest 32 so that it can be swivel-indexed about a swivel center axis (not shown) in the Z-axis direction, and a plurality of tool mounting stations are provided on the outer circumference of the turret. The NC lathe according to the fourth embodiment has the outer diameter of the long workpiece W3 that cannot be supported unless the left carriage 2 and the right carriage 3 are expanded to near the outer moving ends in addition to the operation of the first embodiment. Allows cutting. The first
The turret 16 of the embodiment, the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment and the rear turret 27 and the front turret 28 of the third embodiment are Z
The present invention is not limited to the one that can be swivel-indexed around the swivel center axis in the axial direction, and can be swivel-indexable around the swivel center axis in the X-axis direction.

[0016]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. The turret side is fixed, and the NC lathe is a type that performs cutting processing by moving the headstock and tailstock side or the headstock and opposing headstock side in the X and Z directions, so an element that limits the size of the turret. Eliminates the need for a large turret capable of mounting a large number of tools at a time, enables continuous machining of workpieces in complicated machining steps, and eliminates the labor and time required for tool replacement. Further, since the tool rest is fixed and the chip dropping position is constant, the cutting cover, chip conveyor, cutting fluid tank, etc. can be downsized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an NC lathe according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of an NC lathe according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a top view of an NC lathe according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of an NC lathe according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a conventional NC lathe.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 bed 6 headstock 11 tailstock 15 fixed turret 16 turret 21 opposed headstock 25 rear fixed turret 26 front fixed turret 27 rear turret 28 front turret

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A headstock that is movable in X and Z axis directions, and X
.A tailstock movable in the Z-axis direction, NC control drive means for moving the tailstock and the headstock respectively in the X-Z axis directions synchronously or independently, and the centers of the main spindle and the tailstock shaft. A fixed turret having a swivel indexable turret provided on at least one side of the line.
C machine tool. 2. The NC machine tool according to claim 1, wherein an opposed headstock is provided instead of the tailstock.