JPH05303382A - Multidimensional panning effect device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the acoustic image movement having a sense of spread by using an acoustic image localizing means which orients an acoustic image even in a position other than the segment connecting right and left speakers and moving the acoustic image by multidimensional movement information. CONSTITUTION:The low frequency signal from a first LFO 27 is a 2.0Hz sine wave signal and has a middle amplitude, and that from a second LFO 28 is a 1.0Hz sine wave signal and has a middle amplitude. When a key is depressed, a music signal TS is generated in a set tone, and the acoustic image position is a little lightly oscillated in the vertical direction with 2.0Hz by a notch filter 21 and is moderately oscillated in the transverse direction with 1.0Hz by FIR filters 22 and 23. That is, the acoustic image is moved while describing the figure of 8 in the transverse direction. When a joystick is brought down to the right in this state, the figure of 8 is gradually moved to the right, and it is completely brought down to the right, and in this state, the acoustic image is so moved that it describes the figure of 8 long sideways from the right front to the right rear with the just right as the center.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an effect device used with an electronic musical instrument, an electric guitar or the like, and more particularly to a device for expanding a panning effect in multiple dimensions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a panning effect device has been mounted on an electronic musical instrument. An example of a conventional panning effect device is shown in FIG. Reference numeral 101 denotes a tone generator, which is a tone signal T
Output S. The tone signal TS is divided into two and sent to the multipliers 105 and 106. A low-frequency oscillator (LFO) 102 has an amplitude that changes in a range of "0" to "1" centered on "0.5" and a frequency of 0.1 to a few.
It oscillates a sinusoidal low frequency signal of about 0 Hz. This low frequency signal is multiplied by the musical tone signal TS in the multiplier 106 and is also sent to the adder 104 and subtracted from 1.
The subtracted signal is multiplied by the musical tone signal TS in the multiplier 105. The output signals of the multipliers 105 and 106 are the amplifier 1
03, amplified to the speaker drive level, and sounded by the left and right speakers 107 and 108.

With such a configuration, the sound image of the tone signal TS vibrates left and right in the line segment connecting the left and right speakers 107 and 108 in accordance with the low-frequency signal oscillated by the LFO 102.

[0004]

However, in the above-described conventional panning effect device, the range of movement of the sound image is limited to the line segment connecting the two speakers, and the feeling of spaciousness is poor. In view of such a problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide an effect device that can obtain a panning effect that spreads in multiple dimensions.

[0005]

A multi-dimensional panning effect apparatus of the present invention is a means for performing signal processing on a plurality of speakers and an input sound signal and sending the signal to the plurality of speakers. A sound image localization means for forming a sound image of a signal at a position other than a line segment connecting the plurality of speakers; and a multidimensional control signal generation means for generating a plurality of time-varying control signals respectively corresponding to a plurality of dimensions, And a movement control means for temporally changing the signal processing contents of the sound image localization means based on the plurality of control signals, and for moving the sound image position formed by the sound image localization means in a multidimensional manner. ..

[0006]

In the multidimensional panning effect apparatus of the present invention, the sound image localization means forms a sound image of the input sound signal such as a musical sound signal at a position other than a line segment connecting a plurality of speakers. Signal processing is performed so as to The sound signal subjected to the signal processing is sent to the plurality of speakers, and a sound image of the sound signal is formed at a position other than the line segment connecting the plurality of speakers. The multidimensional control signal generating means generates a plurality of control signals that change with time corresponding to a plurality of dimensions, and the movement control means changes the signal processing content of the sound image localization means based on the plurality of control signals. Let As a result, the sound image position of the sound signal moves in a multidimensional manner.

[0007]

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an electronic musical instrument 2 incorporating the multidimensional panning effect device of the embodiment of the present application and its usage. In the figure, 1 is an operator of the electronic musical instrument 2.
Reference numeral 3 is a keyboard and 4 is a display device. An operation panel 5 includes a tone color switch and a data sludder. Reference numeral 6 is a joystick, which can be freely moved by the operator in each of the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Reference numeral 7 is a speaker L (for left), and 8 is a speaker R (for right). Reference numeral 9 is a sphere representing a moving space of the sound image position recognized by the operator 1 by the multidimensional panning effect apparatus of the present embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the electronic musical instrument 2. A sound source device 11 outputs a musical tone signal TS. Reference numeral 12 is a sound image localization device that digitally performs signal processing so that the sound image of the musical sound signal TS appears at various positions. Reference numerals 13 and 14 denote DA converters that perform digital-analog conversion on the signals that have undergone signal processing for sound image localization. Reference numeral 15 is an amplifier that amplifies the DA converted signal to a speaker drive level. Reference numerals 7 and 8 are blocks of the speakers L7 and R8 shown in FIG. 3, and the output signal of the amplifier 15 is generated as a musical sound.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a block including the keyboard 3 and the operation panel 5 shown in FIG. 3, and a signal TC representing a tone color and a signal K representing a key depression according to the operation by the operator 1.
Operation information such as ON, a signal KOF representing a key release, a signal KC representing a pitch, and IT representing a key pressing strength are output. 6 is
3 is a block diagram of the joystick 6 shown in FIG. 3, in which operation information is output according to an operation of the operator 1. It should be noted that the signal KC representing the pitch is represented by a numerical value in which the pitch of A4 near 440 Hz is "69" and is decreased by 1 for each half step and increased by 1 for each half step. When expressing a minute pitch change such as vibrato,
The signal KC is represented using the decimal place.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a control unit which, when a signal TC is input from a keyboard 18 or the like, causes the tone generator 11 to generate a tone color of a tone signal TS generated by the tone generator 11.
Set the parameters of. Further, when the signals KON, KC and IT are input from the keyboard 18 etc., the control unit 20 sends the tone signal TS to the tone generator 11 by the pitch and I represented by the signal KC.
The generation is started at a volume proportional to the key pressing strength indicated by T, and when the signal KOF is input, the tone signal TS generated in the tone generator 11 is stopped.

The control unit 20 further responds to a plurality of signals from the keyboard 18 and the like by two Ls in the sound image localization device 12 which will be described later.
Signals LFO1C, LFO2C for controlling FO27, 28
Is output. The control unit 20 also controls the joystick 6
Based on the operation information, the signal X indicating the displacement of the joystick 6 in the X-axis direction and the signal Y indicating the displacement of the joystick 6 in the Y-axis direction are output.

Now, the signals LFO1C and LFO2C for controlling the first LFOs 27 and 28 will be described. By operating an LFO setting operator (not shown) in the operation panel 5, F1 and F2 representing frequency offset values of the first LFOs 27 and 28 described later, A1 and A2 representing amplitude offset values, and waveform type (sine wave , WF1 and WF2 representing a triangular wave, etc. are generated and input to the control unit 20. Further, the signal KC representing the pitch is used to calculate F1 ′ = F1 * (1+ (KC / 690)) (a) A2 ′ = A2 * (1- (KC / 690)) (b) Then, the frequency of the first LFO 27 and the amplitude of the LFO 28 are changed. Then, the control unit 20 controls F1 ′, A
1, WF1 as the signal LFO1C, F2, A2 ′, W
F2 is sent to the sound image localization device 12 as a signal LFO2C. With this change, the first LFO 27 has a higher frequency as the pitch is higher, and the second LFO 28 has a smaller amplitude as the pitch is higher.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, the sound image localization device 12
Will be described in detail. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of the sound image localization device 12. FIG. 40 shows a signal processing section for performing the signal processing, and 50 is a movement control section for controlling the content of the signal processing, that is, the movement of the sound image position.

The movement control unit 50 will be described first. 1st L
The FO 27 and the adder 29 control the elevation angle movement of the sound image (that is, the movement on the broken line α in FIG. 3 in the case of the front of the player). The first LFO 27 is a control signal LFO1C from the control unit 20.
Frequency determined according to F1 'input as
The low frequency signal PY having an amplitude determined according to 1 and a waveform determined according to WF1 is output. And the adder 29
Is added with the signal Y from the control unit 20, that is, the signal representing the displacement of the joystick 6 in the Y-axis direction. As a result, the periodic change of the first LFO 27 and the arbitrary change of the joystick 6 by the operator 1 are combined into a signal for controlling the elevation angle movement.

The second LFO 28, the adder 30, the coefficient controller 25, and the coefficient memory 26 surround the operator 1.
60 ° azimuth direction (that is, the direction indicated by broken line β)
Control the movement of the sound image. The second LFO 28 is the first
Like the LFO 27, the control signal LFO from the control unit 20
Frequency determined by F2 input as 2C,
A low frequency signal PX having an amplitude determined by A2 ′ and a waveform determined by WF2 is output. Adder 3
At 0, similar to the adder 29, the low frequency signal PX and the signal X representing the displacement of the joystick in the X-axis direction are added. Thus, the output signal of the adder 30 is the second LFO.
The periodic change of 28 and the arbitrary change of the joystick 6 by the operator 1 become a combined signal.

The coefficient controller 25 receives the output of the adder 30 as azimuth angle information, and reads from the coefficient memory 26 the coefficient required to localize the sound image at that azimuth angle. The coefficient data is the FIR filters 22 and 23 described later.
Both are made into one set and 360 for every 5 ° azimuth
.Degree., A total of 72 sets are stored in the coefficient memory 26. The coefficient controller 25 reads a set of coefficient data and outputs it to the FIR filters 22 and 23 separately.

The coefficient controller 25 reads two sets of coefficient data on the left and right sides of an azimuth angle in which no coefficient is stored, that is, an azimuth angle smaller than 5 °, and obtains a coefficient for each stage number of the FIR filter. Interpolate one by one to obtain a set of coefficient data corresponding to azimuth angles smaller than 5 °. That is, the coefficient controller 25 uses the addition signal of PX and X input from the adder 30 as an azimuth angle signal, reads the coefficient of the FIR filter corresponding to the azimuth angle, performs interpolation as necessary, and executes the FIR filter. It is given to 22 and 23. It is desirable to have the coefficient data as fine as possible with respect to the azimuth angle of 360 °, but when the data amount is too large, the coefficient data may be provided at a coarser azimuth angle interval.

Next, the signal processing section 40 will be described.
Reference numeral 21 denotes a notch filter capable of attenuating a desired band, to which the musical tone signal TS from the sound source device 11 is input. The ability of the notch filter to control the up and down sensation of the sound image is demonstrated by Anthony J. Watkins' paper "Psychoacoust
ical aspects of synthesized vertical locale cues "
(J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 63 (4). Apr. 1978) and so on, so the explanation is omitted here. The notch filter 21 has its coefficient changed by the output signal of the adder 29, and attenuates the frequency band corresponding to the desired vertical angle in the input musical tone signal TS. That is, PY
The elevation angle of the sound image position of the tone signal TS changes according to the combined value of Y and Y.

The FIR filters 22 and 23 further perform signal processing on the output of the notch filter 21 to comprehensively give a left / right volume difference, a left / right time difference, a left / right frequency intensity characteristic, and a frequency / phase delay characteristic. .. That is, when the coefficients stored corresponding to the azimuth angle are read out and given to the FIR filters 22 and 23, respectively,
The respective characteristics of the volume, time, frequency intensity, frequency phase delay and the difference between the left and right characteristics thereof are given so that the operator 1 feels as if the operator 1 were localized at the azimuth position.
The principle of this sound image localization will be described along with the method of creating coefficient data to be stored in the coefficient memory 26.

A dummy head is placed in a predetermined space, and microphones are installed in the auricles of both ears. Impulse sound is given to the dummy head from a predetermined azimuth angle, and the outputs of the two microphones are recorded at the same time when the impulse sound is generated. The outputs of the two microphones, that is, the impulse response signals, indicate the transfer function of the sound field centered on the left and right ears caused by the dummy head itself. If signal processing is performed using a filter that represents this transfer function, Even if the sound directly enters the ear without passing through the surrounding sound field, it can be heard as a sound exactly the same as the sound from the predetermined azimuth. In the case of the present embodiment, since the FIR filter is used,
A filter representing the transfer function can be made by simply using the impulse response represented by digital data as the coefficient of the FIR filter. Thus, based on the impulse response from various directions, F
That is, the coefficients of the IR filter are calculated.

With this method, not only azimuth angles but also elevation angles may be measured impulse responses from various angles to obtain FIR filter coefficients in all spatial directions.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent the coefficient data from increasing in size, the elevation angle direction is simplified by using a notch filter having a relatively simple structure.

In the measurement of the impulse response, since there is a period of no response for a while from the generation of the impulse sound until the first main response is output, the coefficient of the FIR filter is set to 0 for the amount of the non-response period. Although it is stored, the variable delay circuit may be separately configured for this time.

As described above, the tone signal TS is signal-processed by the notch filter 21, the FIR filters 22 and 23 so that the sound image is localized at a desired position. When the output signals of the FIR filters 22 and 23 are respectively DA-converted and heard through headphones, a sound image is localized and heard at a desired position. In the present embodiment, the speakers L7 and R8 built in the electronic musical instrument 2 are used. Therefore, the left and right sounds are mixed between the speakers and the operator 1 to cause crosstalk, and the effect of sound image localization cannot be effectively exhibited. Therefore, the crosstalk canceller 24 is used.

In the crosstalk canceller 24, the crosstalk generated in the positional relationship between the operator 1 and the speaker L7 and the speaker R8 in FIG. 3, that is, the component that the left speaker L8 gives to the operator's 1 right ear and the speaker R8 is the operator. The component to be given to the left ear of No. 1 is positively / negatively inverted and added to the left and right signals supplied to the speakers L7 and R8 in advance. As a result, the sound generated from the speaker L7 reaches only the left ear of the operator 1, and the sound generated from the speaker R reaches only the right ear of the operator 1, just like the sound.
In other words, the situation is exactly the same as when using headphones. In this way, the sound image position can be effectively recognized even by using the speaker L7 and the speaker R8.

Next, an example of the operation of this embodiment will be described. The low frequency signal from the first LFO 27 is a 2.0 Hz sine wave signal and has a relatively small amplitude. Also, the second
The low frequency signal from the LFO 28 is a 1.0 Hz sine wave signal having a medium amplitude. At this time, when the operator 1 presses the keyboard, the musical tone signal TS is generated with the set tone color, for example, the tone color of a saxophone, and its sound image position is slightly smaller in the vertical direction by the notch filter 21 and is 2.0 Hz.
And the FIR filters 22 and 23 vibrate in the lateral direction at 1.0 Hz. That is,
The sound image of the saxophone moves in front of the operator 1 so as to draw a figure 8 horizontally.

In this state, when the operator 1 gradually tilts the joystick 6 to the right, the figure 8 gradually moves to the right, and when the operator 1 is completely tilted to the right, The sound image of the saxophone moves from the front of the right to the rear of the right, centering on the right, so that a horizontally long figure 8 is drawn.

In the above embodiment, the sound image localization in the azimuth direction is processed by the FIR filter, but it may be simplified and used in combination with the IIR filter. further,
If the accuracy of the sound image position is not so high, the delay and the volume difference may be used alone.

In the above embodiment, the sense of perspective is not controlled, but if the coefficients of the FIR filter corresponding to any position in the space including the distance are used, the panning effect device with the sense of distance further expanded. Can be obtained.
In this case, it is desirable to provide a third LFO dedicated to distance control, and a pressure sensitive sensor may be provided below the joystick 6 to control the distance localization by pressing operation. Further, the manipulator that controls the sound image position is not limited to the joystick, but may be a manipulator that uses a potentiometer, an acceleration sensor, or the like.

[0029]

As described above, in the multidimensional panning effect apparatus according to the present invention, the multidimensional movement information is obtained by using the sound image localization means for localizing the sound image at a position other than the line segment connecting the left and right speakers. Since the sound image is moved by the panning effect, it is possible to realize a panning effect in a multidimensional manner and a sound image movement with a sense of expanse.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an example of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a sound image localization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an electronic musical instrument having a panning effect device according to an embodiment of the present application built therein and an operating condition thereof.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

12: Sound image localization device 7: Speaker L 8: Speaker R
20: control unit 21: notch filter 22: FIR
Filter 23: FIR filter 25: Coefficient controller 26: Coefficient memory 27: First LFO 28: Second LFO

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of speakers, and means for performing signal processing on an input sound signal and transmitting the processed sound signal to the plurality of speakers, wherein a sound image of the sound signal other than a line segment connecting the plurality of speakers is provided. Sound image localization means also formed at a position, multidimensional control signal generation means for generating a plurality of time-varying control signals respectively corresponding to a plurality of dimensions, and a signal of the sound image localization means based on the plurality of control signals A multi-dimensional panning effect device comprising: a movement control means that multi-dimensionally moves a sound image position formed by the sound image localization means by changing processing contents with time.