JPH0526620B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a universal cutting device for on-site machining, and more particularly to a simple device for cutting a workpiece of a large machine on-site.

[Conventional technology]

Machining for repairing production machinery is usually carried out at a processing factory following the process of dismantling, transporting, machining, transporting, and assembling. However, if machining is performed in the above-mentioned process in order to repair the deterioration of the main body parts of large rolling mills, speed reducers, etc., for example, a large amount of money and long-term equipment suspension will be required. Therefore, a special processing machine suitable for the part and shape to be processed is brought to the site where the production equipment is installed to perform machining.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in the past, in order to make it easier to perform setup work on site, we used specialized machines such as surface-only, hole-only, or screw-only machines that were designed to be portable and single-function machines that were more suited to the site. In addition to requiring design and manufacturing each time, it also requires processing machine storage space; (2) it lacks versatility to various types of equipment; and (3) it takes time to change the processing machine setup for each element processing.

As a conventional cutting unit for on-site machining,
For example, a commercially available sealing unit 20 as shown in Fig. 6 is common, and since the cutting drive source is basically an electric motor, it must be combined with a large speed reducer, and the weight is about 500 kg, making it lightweight and It was difficult to make it compact, and transporting it to the site and using it required a lot of effort.

In view of the fact that it is difficult to make the machine lightweight and compact using an electric motor as mentioned above, the present invention has been developed to provide a single machine with multiple processing functions, to be widely adaptable to various worksite environments and equipment, and to be easily handled. The purpose is to provide a cutting device that is as light and compact as possible.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention includes a transmission mechanism housed in a main body case and a hydraulic motor that supplies power to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism meshes with a gear A provided on a hydraulic motor shaft. a variable shaft having two large and small gears C and D on which gear B is fixedly arranged and which is slidable a certain distance by a spline mechanism;
The hydraulic motor shaft, the variable shaft, and the main shaft are fixedly arranged with two large and small gears E and F meshing with the gears C and D of the variable shaft, respectively, and a main shaft equipped with a tool attachment/detachment part at one end. The axes are in a triangular arrangement, and the gears C, D and the gears E, F
The reduction ratio is set to 1:1 and 1:1/3, and a switching lever is arranged in the main body case to switch the combination of gears C and D on the variable shaft and gears E and F on the main shaft. This is a versatile cutting device with special features.

[Effect]

In order to reduce size and weight, the present inventors considered adopting a hydraulic motor as a drive source in place of an electric motor, which can be adjusted over a wide range of rotations, can provide high torque, and is also smaller and lighter. However, when using a hydraulic motor, changes in the temperature of the hydraulic oil and vibrations caused by the pulsation unique to hydraulic pressure have a negative impact on machining accuracy, so we investigated countermeasures.

a. Countermeasures against changes in hydraulic oil temperature The problem can be resolved by separating the hydraulic motor shaft and main shaft and cutting off heat conduction to the main shaft.

b Regarding vibration countermeasures The issue is whether or not stable cutting can be achieved due to the functional effects of hydraulic pulsation on the hydraulic motor, such as rotational unevenness and vibration, but when we verified this through experiments, we found that it is generally not suitable for on-site machining. The required cutting power range is from 90 rpm for surface, groove and hole machining.
At 240 rpm, a torque of 20 kg/m is required. For tap machining, a torque of 47 kg/m is required at a rotation speed of 32 to 50 rpm.

I selected a hydraulic motor that satisfies this without using a reduction gear. The results are as follows.

No adverse effects on surface, groove and hole machining are observed.

However, when tap machining was performed under proper conditions, an interrupted cutting state occurred as shown in FIG. 4, and cutting became difficult.

Since this occurs at high torque and low rotation, the cause is that the flow rate in the hose from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor pulsates, causing pressure loss, and it takes a certain amount of time to overcome the cutting resistance. It's for a reason. That is, it has been found that if the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump is small, a pulsation phenomenon appears, making cutting difficult.

Therefore, in order to approximate the surface machining conditions where the cutting condition was good, I tried increasing the rotation speed above the appropriate rotation speed. Increasing the rotation speed means increasing the flow to the hydraulic motor. By gradually increasing the rotation speed while ignoring the cutting conditions of the tap tool, it was found that continuous cutting was possible from the time when the flow rate exceeded approximately twice the optimum rotation speed, as shown in Figure 4. However, at this high rotation speed, the speed becomes excessive and the blade of the tap tool breaks, and accuracy cannot be ensured, so it cannot be used in this state. As a countermeasure for this, it is necessary to maintain a flow rate twice the proper rotation during tap machining, so if you select the reduction ratio using a reducer and return to the conditions for tap machining, the hydraulic motor will We discovered that it is possible to process a wide range of elements that were not possible with conventional machines.

Next, we will discuss the reduction ratio.

As a result of numerous experiments and detailed studies by the present inventors, we found that in order for pulsation to not affect tap processing, the reduction ratio should be 1:1/2 or more.

The size (weight) of the hydraulic motor and reducer is
There is a relationship as shown in Figure 5 depending on the size of the reduction ratio, and when designing a reduction gear using a commercially available hydraulic motor, the reduction ratio that can achieve the greatest weight reduction is the 5th reduction ratio.
From the figure, it is approximately 1/2.8.

Tapping is usually performed after drilling the pilot hole, and the best rotation ratio is (drill):(tap)=1:1/3.

Therefore, if the reduction ratio is set to 1:1/3, tap machining can be started with just one action of switching the gear lever, eliminating the need to adjust the hydraulic pump discharge amount and confirm the specified rotation speed. .

In consideration of the above, in the present invention, we decided to adopt a reduction ratio of 1:1/3 with emphasis on operability.

Next, the arrangement of the transmission mechanism will be described.

If the transmission shafts were arranged in a line based on the general design concept, it would have been possible to reduce the weight by using a hydraulic motor, but the weight was around 90 kg, which was not enough to make it easy to handle. Therefore, we decided to separate the hydraulic motor shaft and main shaft, and arranged three shafts close together, including a variable shaft whose gear engagement can be switched using a spline mechanism, and connected the axes of each shaft within a plane. By arranging the oval shape into a triangle as shown in Figure 3, the weight was reduced to approximately 30 kg, making it possible to make it lightweight and compact enough to be easily handled.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the arrangement of a hydraulic motor and a transmission mechanism of the device of the present invention. In the figure, a main shaft 3 and a variable shaft 4 are respectively assembled to a main body case 1 via bearings 2, and furthermore, a hydraulic motor 5 and its shaft 6 are arranged adjacent to the variable shaft 4. The axes of these shafts 3, 4, and 6 are arranged in a triangle, as shown in the overall assembled perspective view of FIG.
A gear A is arranged on the hydraulic motor shaft 6.
meshes with a gear B fixed to the variable shaft 4.
A spline mechanism 7 is formed on the variable shaft 4, and two large and small gears C and D are fitted through the spline mechanism 7 so as to be slidable a fixed distance by operating a speed change lever, which will be described later. Two large and small gears E and F are fixedly disposed on the main shaft 3 and mesh with two large and small gears C and D of the variable shaft 4, respectively, and a tool attachment/detachment part 9 is disposed at one end of the shaft.

Here, the two large and small slidable gears C and D on the variable shaft 4 and the two large and small gears E and F on the main shaft 3 are as follows.
It is designed to have a reduction ratio of 1:1 and 1:1/3, which results in a rotation ratio of 1 (drill): 1/3 (tap) for pilot hole drilling and tapping. . The reduction ratio can be easily changed by moving gears C and D of the variable shaft 4 via a speed change lever 8 provided on the outside of the main body case 1, as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, five types of machining tools, including flat surfaces, grooves, holes (reamers), holes (drills), and taps, can be attached to the tool attachment/detachment section 9 of the main spindle 3 to perform necessary machining. It is possible.

For example, gears A-B-C-F mesh to transmit power during high-speed rotation during surface machining and hole machining, while gears A-B-D-E mesh during low-speed rotation and high torque during tap machining.
By meshing the two, a wide range of cutting including surface, hole, groove, and tap machining can be performed with one device of the present invention. Moreover, since it is lightweight and compact, it is easy to handle, change setups, and cut on-site. This makes it possible to perform this process accurately and in an extremely short period of time.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The device of the present invention is very compact, 1/17th the weight and 1/18th the size of conventional machines, and also uses hydraulic pressure and a variable shaft and main shaft equipped with gears with appropriately selected gear ratios. By combining a transmission mechanism with a switching lever for switching gears, the output can be freely set and the rotational speed can be varied steplessly. Therefore, a single machine can handle the processing capacity of five conventional dedicated machines, greatly reducing handling and setup change work in on-site processing, and has great effects such as reducing equipment costs and improving work efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 show embodiments of the device of the present invention,
Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of the hydraulic motor and transmission mechanism, Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the appearance of the device and applicable tools, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the device showing the arrangement of the main shaft, variable shaft, and hydraulic motor shaft. , Figure 4 is a graph showing the appropriate range of flow rate (rotation speed) that enables stable cutting without the influence of pulsation when using a hydraulic motor, and Figure 5 is a graph showing the settings of the hydraulic motor and reducer. An explanatory diagram showing the relationship with the size of the device, FIG. 6 is an outline diagram showing a conventional general cutting device. 1...Main body case, 2...Bearing, 3...Main shaft, 4...Variable axis, 5...Hydraulic motor, 6...Hydraulic motor shaft,
7... Spline mechanism, 8... Gear shift lever, 9... Tool attachment/detachment section, A, B, C, D, E, F... Gear.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Consists of a transmission mechanism housed in a main body case and a hydraulic motor that supplies power to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes a gear A provided on the hydraulic motor shaft and a gear B meshing with the gear A. A variable shaft equipped with two large and small gears C and D that are fixedly arranged and slidable a certain distance by a spline mechanism, and two large and small gears E and F that mesh with the gears C and D of the variable shaft, respectively, are fixed. The axes of the hydraulic motor shaft, variable shaft, and main shaft are arranged in a triangular shape, and the gears C and D and the gears E and F are configured to reduce the speed. The ratio is set to 1:1 and 1:1/3,
A universal cutting device characterized in that the main body case is provided with a switching lever for switching the combination of gears C and D of the variable shaft and gears E and F of the main shaft.