JPH0520986B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0520986B2 JPH0520986B2 JP59180564A JP18056484A JPH0520986B2 JP H0520986 B2 JPH0520986 B2 JP H0520986B2 JP 59180564 A JP59180564 A JP 59180564A JP 18056484 A JP18056484 A JP 18056484A JP H0520986 B2 JPH0520986 B2 JP H0520986B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- field
- magnetic flux
- flux density
- pole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
- H02K23/02—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting
- H02K23/04—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having permanent magnet excitation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc Machiner (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は永久磁石式直流機の界磁構造に係るも
ので、特に自動車用スターテイングモータに好適
な永久磁石式直流機の界磁構造に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a field structure of a permanent magnet type DC machine, and particularly to a field structure of a permanent magnet type DC machine suitable for a starting motor for an automobile.
従来の小形モータの界磁極は特開昭48−39907
号公報に開示されている如く電機子作用の減磁界
側により大きな保磁力を、増磁界側により大きな
磁留磁束密度の永久磁石を用いることで界磁極の
減磁耐力の向上を計ることが知られている。しか
し、上記思想を取り入れて使用される界磁極はフ
エライト磁石が主流であるが、その温度係数
（％／℃）が保磁力に対してはプラス、残留磁束
密度に対してはマイナスとなつている。従つて、
低温になる程保磁力が低下し、界磁極の減磁耐力
が下がる欠点を有し、これに対処するため永久磁
石の厚さを増す等の配慮が必要となり、必然的に
固定子のの外径も大きくなりモータの小形化に限
界があつた。
The field pole of the conventional small motor was published in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 48-39907.
As disclosed in the above publication, it is known that the demagnetization resistance of the field poles can be improved by using a permanent magnet with a larger coercive force on the demagnetizing field side and a larger retentive magnetic flux density on the increasing field side of the armature action. It is being However, ferrite magnets are the mainstream field poles used based on the above idea, but their temperature coefficient (%/℃) is positive for coercive force and negative for residual magnetic flux density. . Therefore,
The lower the temperature, the lower the coercive force and the lower the demagnetization resistance of the field poles. The diameter also increased, and there was a limit to miniaturization of the motor.
本発明の目的は、低温になる程減磁耐力を向上
する永久磁石式界磁極を採用することにより、小
形で軽量の永久磁石式直流機を提供することにあ
る。
An object of the present invention is to provide a small and lightweight permanent magnet type DC machine by employing permanent magnet type field poles whose demagnetization resistance improves as the temperature decreases.
継鉄２と、複合界磁極３とを有する永久磁石式
直流機の界磁構造であつて、継鉄２は、環状に形
成されてなり、複合界磁極３は、第２の永久磁石
３２より保持力が大きい第１の永久磁石３１と、
第１の永久磁石３１より残留磁束密度の大きい第
２の永久磁石３２とから構成されてなり、かつ前
記継鉄２の内周面に、電機子反作用の減磁界側に
第１の永久磁石３１が位置するように接合して配
置固定され、前記第１の永久磁石３１の温度係数
（％／℃）は、保持力、残留磁束密度ともマイナ
ス、第２の永久磁石３２の温度係数は、保持力が
プラス、磁留磁束密度がマイナスに構成されてい
る、永久磁石式直流機の界磁構造。
This is a field structure of a permanent magnet type DC machine having a yoke 2 and a composite field pole 3, in which the yoke 2 is formed in an annular shape, and the composite field pole 3 is connected to A first permanent magnet 31 with a large holding force,
and a second permanent magnet 32 having a higher residual magnetic flux density than the first permanent magnet 31, and the first permanent magnet 31 is placed on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 2 on the demagnetizing field side of the armature reaction. The temperature coefficient (%/°C) of the first permanent magnet 31 is negative in both holding force and residual magnetic flux density, and the temperature coefficient of the second permanent magnet 32 is negative in holding force and residual magnetic flux density. The field structure of a permanent magnet DC machine has a positive force and a negative magnetic flux density.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図により説明す
る。１は固定子で環状の継鉄２の内周に複数の複
合界磁極３が配置固定されている。それぞれの複
合界磁極３は、第１の永久磁石３１と第２の永久
磁石３２の組合せからなり、第２の永久磁石３２
は、BaO・nFl2O3又はSrO・nFl2O3で示される
フエライト磁石で、温度係数（％／℃）は保磁力
iHcが0.2〜0.5、残留磁束密度が−0.18〜−0.20の
性能を有し、電気子反作用の増磁界側を主にして
界磁磁極の中心を越えて減磁界側の一部まで延び
ている。又、第１の永久磁石３１は減磁界側（更
には増磁界側の一部まで）には希土類元素の一種
であるネオジウムと鉄、硼素を主成分とした温度
係数が保持力bHc、残留磁束密度Br共マイナス
の性能を有し、前記第２の永久磁石と並置して固
着している。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 is a stator, and a plurality of composite field poles 3 are arranged and fixed on the inner periphery of an annular yoke 2. Each composite field pole 3 consists of a combination of a first permanent magnet 31 and a second permanent magnet 32, and the second permanent magnet 32
is a ferrite magnet represented by BaO・nFl 2 O 3 or SrO・nFl 2 O 3 , and the temperature coefficient (%/℃) is the coercive force.
It has the performance of iHc of 0.2 to 0.5 and residual magnetic flux density of -0.18 to -0.20, and extends mainly on the magnetizing field side of the armature reaction and beyond the center of the field magnetic pole to a part of the demagnetizing field side. . In addition, the first permanent magnet 31 has a coercive force bHc, a residual magnetic flux, and a temperature coefficient mainly composed of neodymium, which is a type of rare earth element, iron, and boron, on the demagnetizing field side (and even a part on the increasing field side). It has a negative density Br and is fixed in parallel with the second permanent magnet.
電動機の場合、複合界磁極３の磁束の方向が図
面第１図の矢印４の方向であり、かつ電機子導体
５の電流方向が図示の如くであると電機子は矢印
６の方向に回転し、図示の方向に電機子作用によ
る起磁力７が生じる。従つて界磁極３の左側の部
分は磁束７による減磁作用を受けるたこの部分に
高保磁力の第１の永久磁石を設け、減磁耐力を持
たせている。 In the case of an electric motor, if the direction of the magnetic flux of the composite field pole 3 is in the direction of arrow 4 in Figure 1 of the drawing, and the current direction of armature conductor 5 is as shown, the armature will rotate in the direction of arrow 6. , a magnetomotive force 7 is generated due to armature action in the direction shown. Therefore, the left side portion of the field pole 3 is provided with a first permanent magnet having a high coercive force in the portion that is subjected to the demagnetizing effect by the magnetic flux 7, so as to have a demagnetizing resistance.
ここでこの磁石式直流機をエンジン始動用電動
機として使用した場合、低温になる程起動トルク
が大きくそのためには大きなバツテリーと組合
せ、大きな電流で電動機を始動する必要があり、
電機子反作用の減磁界も大きく発生する。このた
め第２図に示す第２の永久磁石の磁気特性では一
般に減磁耐力を保つため厚い永久磁石を必要とす
るが、第３図に示す本発明に応用する第１の永久
磁石と組合せると温度が低くなる程保磁力が増
し、永久減磁耐力が向上する。更に磁留磁束密度
も増すためトルクの発生も増し、エンジンの起動
も容易となる。 When this magnetic DC motor is used as an electric motor for starting an engine, the lower the temperature, the greater the starting torque, which requires combining it with a large battery and starting the motor with a large current.
A large demagnetizing field due to armature reaction is also generated. For this reason, the magnetic properties of the second permanent magnet shown in Fig. 2 generally require a thick permanent magnet to maintain demagnetization resistance, but when combined with the first permanent magnet shown in Fig. 3 applied to the present invention. As the temperature decreases, the coercive force increases and the permanent demagnetization resistance improves. Furthermore, since the magnetic flux density increases, the generation of torque also increases, making it easier to start the engine.
尚、第１の永久磁石３１は第２の永久磁石３２
より磁留磁束密度、保持力共高い値を示している
が、希土類元素を使用するため高価である。そこ
で本発明の如く要部のみ第１の永久磁石３１を用
い、第２の永久磁石３２は高残留磁束密度のフエ
ライト磁石とする。 Note that the first permanent magnet 31 is the second permanent magnet 32.
Although it shows higher values for both magnetic flux density and coercive force, it is expensive because it uses rare earth elements. Therefore, as in the present invention, the first permanent magnet 31 is used only in the main part, and the second permanent magnet 32 is a ferrite magnet with a high residual magnetic flux density.
他の実施例を第４図〜第８図に示す。第４図は
第１の永久磁石を界磁極３の中心を越えて増磁界
側に延長して配置することで高残留磁束密度部分
の面積が増し高トルク化に対応している。 Other embodiments are shown in FIGS. 4 to 8. In FIG. 4, by arranging the first permanent magnet so as to extend beyond the center of the field pole 3 toward the increasing field side, the area of the high residual magnetic flux density portion is increased to correspond to higher torque.
また第５図のように永久磁石の両端部に向つて
厚さを漸減すれば、磁束の急激な変化を防いで音
や振動の発生を防止することもできる。 Furthermore, if the thickness is gradually reduced toward both ends of the permanent magnet as shown in FIG. 5, sudden changes in magnetic flux can be prevented, thereby preventing the generation of noise and vibration.
更に高トルク化を計るとすれば第６図のよう
に、増磁界側に永久磁石の可逆透磁率より高い透
磁率を有する第３の磁極３３を設置すれば逆果的
である。 In order to further increase the torque, it would be counterproductive to install a third magnetic pole 33 having a higher magnetic permeability than the reversible magnetic permeability of the permanent magnet on the magnetic field side as shown in FIG.
高トルク化の一つとしては、第７図に示すよう
にブラシ８と８の間の磁気中性軸に対して、第１
磁石側のポールアークθ1を第２、第３磁極側のポ
ールアークθ2より小さくすることで第１の永久磁
石の減磁耐力を更に向上することができるので効
果的である。 As one way to increase the torque, as shown in FIG.
It is effective to make the pole arc θ 1 on the magnet side smaller than the pole arc θ 2 on the second and third magnetic pole sides, since it is possible to further improve the demagnetization resistance of the first permanent magnet.
高トルク、コスト低減を考慮するならば第８図
のように、第１の磁石の軸長LPを電機子反作用
の影響が及ぶ範囲とし、その両端を含む全体をコ
字状に包み込めば効果的である。 If high torque and cost reduction are considered, as shown in Fig. 8, the axial length L P of the first magnet should be the range affected by the armature reaction, and the whole including both ends should be wrapped in a U-shape. Effective.
尚第１の磁石と第２の磁石の分割点は磁石性能
によつて変るため特定できず、又、第１の磁石と
第２の磁石は焼結によつて一体的に成形すること
も可能であり、分割点の急激な磁気誘導度の変化
を防止し音、振動を低減する効果がある。 The dividing point between the first magnet and the second magnet cannot be specified because it changes depending on the magnet performance, and the first magnet and the second magnet can also be integrally formed by sintering. This has the effect of preventing sudden changes in magnetic induction at the dividing point and reducing noise and vibration.
本発明によれば低温になる程減磁耐力を向上す
る永久磁石式界磁極を採用することにより、小形
で軽量の永久磁石式直流機を提供できる。
According to the present invention, by employing permanent magnet field poles whose demagnetization resistance improves as the temperature decreases, it is possible to provide a small and lightweight permanent magnet DC machine.
第１図は本発明磁石式直流機の構造の要部正面
図、第２図は第２の永久磁石の磁気特性図、第３
図は第１の永久磁石の磁気特性図、第４図〜第８
図はそれぞれの他の実施例を示す界磁部要部正面
図、第８図は本実施例の複合磁極の平面図であ
る。
１……固定子、２……継鉄、３……複合界磁
極、５……電機子導体、３１……第１の永久磁
石、３２……第二の永久磁石。
Figure 1 is a front view of the main part of the structure of the magnetic DC machine of the present invention, Figure 2 is a magnetic characteristic diagram of the second permanent magnet, and Figure 3 is a diagram of the magnetic characteristics of the second permanent magnet.
The figures are magnetic characteristic diagrams of the first permanent magnet, Figures 4 to 8.
The figures are front views of the main parts of the field parts showing other embodiments, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the composite magnetic pole of this embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Stator, 2... Yoke, 3... Composite field pole, 5... Armature conductor, 31... First permanent magnet, 32... Second permanent magnet.
Claims (1)
式直流機の界磁構造であつて、 継鉄２は、環状に形成されてなり、 複合界磁極３は、第２の永久磁石３２より保持
力が大きい第１の永久磁石３１と、第１の永久磁
石３１より残留磁束密度の大きい第２の永久磁石
３２とから構成されてなり、かつ前記継鉄２の内
周面に、電機子反作用の減磁界側に第１の永久磁
石３１が位置するように接合して配置固定され、 前記第１の永久磁石３１の温度係数（％／℃）
は、保持力、残留磁束密度ともマイナス、第２の
永久磁石３２の温度係数は、保持力がプラス、磁
留磁束密度がマイナスに構成されている。 永久磁石式直流機の界磁構造。 ２ 第１の永久磁石３１は、界磁極３の中心を越
えて増磁界側に延びていることを特徴とした特許
請求の範囲第１項記載の永久磁石式直流機の界磁
構造。[Claims] 1. A field structure of a permanent magnet DC machine having a yoke 2 and a composite field pole 3, wherein the yoke 2 is formed into an annular shape, and the composite field pole 3 is It is composed of a first permanent magnet 31 having a larger holding force than the second permanent magnet 32, and a second permanent magnet 32 having a larger residual magnetic flux density than the first permanent magnet 31, and A first permanent magnet 31 is bonded and fixed to the inner peripheral surface so that it is located on the demagnetizing field side of the armature reaction, and the temperature coefficient (%/°C) of the first permanent magnet 31 is fixed.
has a negative coercive force and a residual magnetic flux density, and the temperature coefficient of the second permanent magnet 32 has a positive coercive force and a negative residual magnetic flux density. Field structure of permanent magnet DC machine. 2. The field structure of a permanent magnet type DC machine according to claim 1, wherein the first permanent magnet 31 extends beyond the center of the field pole 3 toward the increasing field side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18056484A JPS6162349A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Field structure of permanent magnet dc machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18056484A JPS6162349A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Field structure of permanent magnet dc machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6162349A JPS6162349A (en) | 1986-03-31 |
| JPH0520986B2 true JPH0520986B2 (en) | 1993-03-23 |
Family
ID=16085480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18056484A Granted JPS6162349A (en) | 1984-08-31 | 1984-08-31 | Field structure of permanent magnet dc machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6162349A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6462448B1 (en) | 2000-07-05 | 2002-10-08 | Black & Decker Inc. | Flux ring for an electric motor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS523199A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1977-01-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Segment magnet and method of manufacture thereof |
| JPS57148566A (en) * | 1981-03-09 | 1982-09-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Composite permanent magnet for magnetic field |
| JPS5934490B2 (en) * | 1981-12-15 | 1984-08-23 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Blow molding method and pre-pinch device for blow molding machine |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57189274U (en) * | 1981-05-25 | 1982-12-01 | ||
| JPS5934490U (en) * | 1982-08-26 | 1984-03-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Magnetic starter motor |
-
1984
- 1984-08-31 JP JP18056484A patent/JPS6162349A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS523199A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1977-01-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Segment magnet and method of manufacture thereof |
| JPS57148566A (en) * | 1981-03-09 | 1982-09-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Composite permanent magnet for magnetic field |
| JPS5934490B2 (en) * | 1981-12-15 | 1984-08-23 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Blow molding method and pre-pinch device for blow molding machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6162349A (en) | 1986-03-31 |
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