JPH0515251A - Plant raising bed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a plant raising bed useful for civil engineering, laid on a natural ground, etc., stopping effluence of surface soil, repressing weed growth and having an excellent sight, comprising nonwoven fabric consisting of inorganic fibers and a soft binder resin together with surface soil heaped up on the nonwoven fabric. CONSTITUTION:The objective plant raising bed is composed of a nonwoven fabric (preferably 2-15mm thickness) which is laid on a natural ground 1 or a prepared ground 2 and is obtained by opening and mixing inorganic fibers and a soft binder resin and thermally molding and surface soil 3 heaped up on the nonwoven fabric 2. The compounding ratio of the organic fiber and the soft binder resin is preferably 70-99(wt.)% inorganic fibers and 1-30% soft binder resin.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a growing bed for suppressing the growth of weeds and growing plants suitable for improving the aesthetics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Weeds are apt to grow on road shoulders, slopes after civil engineering work, bare land, etc., and aesthetics are significantly impaired when the weeds are in a large and overgrown state. Overgrown weeds are mowed, for example, manually or mechanically. Alternatively, a herbicide is sprayed to kill weeds and the like. However, it is necessary to mow the weeds and spray the herbicide regularly according to the breeding condition of the weeds. Also, sprayed herbicides can cause pollution problems.

Further, a method of suppressing the growth of weeds by laying a light-shielding substance made of a natural organic substance such as paper or straw on the ground surface is also adopted. However, a light-shielding substance made of a natural organic substance is apt to decay, and depending on the material, it may adversely affect the plant to be cultivated.

In view of this, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-142340 proposes to use a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers having a flat cross section as an agricultural sheet.
Examples of synthetic fibers include polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and polyvinyl chloride fibers. It is also introduced to promote the growth of plants by adding a light absorbing substance to an agricultural sheet.

[0005]

However, the sheet made of synthetic fiber may be a defect rather than excellent durability. That is, the synthetic fiber sheet remains in its original shape for a long period of time and exists in the soil. Alternatively, when the topsoil flows out, it is blown away by the wind and causes various problems.

Further, since many conventional synthetic fiber sheets have poor water retention, the water supplied to the surface soil permeates the synthetic fiber sheet and flows into the ground soil. On the other hand, since the topsoil layer is isolated from the soil of the ground by the sheet, as a result, the topsoil is easily dried excessively, and there are limits to the plants that can be cultivated.

[0007] Further, the synthetic fiber sheet is unsuitable for the topsoil, and when the precipitation becomes relatively large, the topsoil may flow out and the synthetic fiber sheet may be exposed. In such a case, it is necessary to raise the topsoil again on the synthetic fiber sheet and remake the growing bed.

The present invention has been devised in order to solve such problems, and by using inorganic fibers as a basic sheet for a cultivation bed, the cultivation of the cultivated plant can be smoothly grown and the topsoil can be maintained. The non-woven fabric itself is used as a part of the soil for cultivating plants, and further an object is to provide a plant growing floor that does not generate pollutants.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The plant growing bed of the present invention comprises:
In order to achieve the object, it is composed of a non-woven fabric laid on a natural ground, and a topsoil laid on the non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric disintegrates inorganic fibers and a flexible binder resin.
It is a plant growing bed that is mixed and heat-molded.

Rock wool, glass wool and the like can be used as the inorganic fibers. As the non-woven fabric, those in which these inorganic fibers and heat-fusible fibers are defibrated and mixed, and then heat-formed into a sheet or felt (hereinafter referred to as a sheet) having a thickness of 1 to 20 mm used. This thickness is the thickness necessary for retaining the topsoil by the time the planted seedlings have rooted in the natural ground. If the thickness is less than 1 mm, the surface soil is not sufficiently retained. Conversely, 20
When the thickness is more than mm, the adhesion to the natural ground is deteriorated, and the sheet is likely to be lifted due to germination of weeds. In addition, it becomes difficult to wind it into a roll, which causes inconvenience in handling.

[0011]

[Operation] Inorganic fibers are composed mainly of SiO ₂ and CaO. For example, slag sheet obtained from blast furnace slag is a fertilizer necessary for plant growth, SiO ₂ ·.
It contains xCaO, Mg, Fe, Mn and the like. Therefore, seeds and seedlings planted in the topsoil gradually dissolve the sheet by the action of roots, extract minerals, and grow well. This point is basically different from the case where the conventional synthetic fiber sheet is used. Moreover, it has a predetermined water retention property and water drainage, and the topsoil is maintained in an appropriate wet state.

In addition, the inorganic fiber has a good compatibility with the natural soil from the component system. Therefore, the stability of the topsoil piled up on the sheet is good, and the sheet itself adheres to the natural ground. Furthermore, since the inorganic fiber sheet gradually weathers and decomposes over a long period of time and becomes part of the soil,
It does not generate substances that cause pollution.

The roots from the seeds or seedlings of the plant planted in the topsoil penetrate the sheet as they grow and root in the natural ground below. As a result, the sheet is securely held on the natural ground, and the growing bed is not separated from the natural ground.

The porosity of the sheet changes depending on the packing density of the inorganic fibers. This porosity affects the water permeability from the topsoil through the sheet to the natural ground, and the weed-preventing property of suppressing the weeds from budding on the topsoil through the sheet from the natural ground. Generally, in order to obtain a large water permeability, the porosity may be increased, but the weed-proof property is lowered. On the contrary, if the porosity is increased in order to improve the weed-proof property, the water permeability is lowered. Therefore, it is preferable that the sheet has a packing density of about 40 to 300 kg / m ³ in consideration of both the water permeability and the grass-proof property. Further, the thickness of the sheet is preferably 1 to 25 mm, more preferably 2 to 15 mm.

In order to adjust the water retention and water permeability of the sheet, the inorganic fibers can be surface-treated with a surfactant in advance. In this case, usable surfactants are:
It must not adversely affect germination and growth of cultivated plants. As such an example, a nonionic surfactant is generally preferable. By this surface treatment,
Gives high permeability to the sheet while having low porosity,
It is possible to prevent the topsoil from becoming excessively wet. Furthermore, in order to enhance water retention, germination of cultivated plants, if necessary, modified acrylic resin type that does not adversely affect growth, high-molecular water-absorbing polymer such as starch type,
Clay minerals such as smectite may be added in the sheet or on the surface of the sheet.

Examples of the inorganic fibers include rock wool produced from natural rocks, in addition to the slag wool produced from blast furnace slag described above. A mixture of these inorganic fibers and a flexible binder resin is knitted into a mat shape or a sheet shape and then heat-treated to form a sheet. In this case, if necessary, the needling treatment may be performed to increase the strength of the sheet. Further, if necessary, a plurality of sheets may be laminated and then processed into a single sheet by a needling process or the like.

As the flexible binder resin used for this molding, a powdery or granular thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride type, a styrene type, a polyolefin type, a polyester type and a nylon type can be used, more preferably, There is a heat-fusible fiber such as a clad / core multi-layer type made of a plurality of resins having different melting temperatures, which are formed by processing into a fibrous form. The heat-fusible fiber is preferably one that decomposes after a long period of time while being buried in soil. Then, the inorganic fibers are appropriately bonded by heating the inorganic fiber sheet during or after the molding. Although not limiting the present invention, the heat fusible fibers are inorganic fibers 7
It is blended in a ratio of 30 to 1% by weight with respect to 0 to 99% by weight.

Further, during the molding of the inorganic fibers, organic fibers as a raw material for organic compost for soil improvement may be blended. This type of organic fiber includes wood fiber, peat moss, water moss,
Hemp fiber, coconut shell fiber, cellulose fiber, cotton, suf, rayon, etc. are used. However, since the organic fiber easily rots and may hinder the growth of the cultivated plant at the time of rotting, the organic fiber is preferably added in an amount of 50% by weight or less when compounded.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1: As shown in FIG. 1, the growing bed of this example has two layers of a sheet 2 made of an inorganic fiber laid on a natural ground 1 and a topsoil 3 laid on the sheet 2 made of an inorganic fiber. It has a structure.

As the inorganic fiber sheet 2, there was used rock wool mixed with 8% by weight of polyethylene / polypropylene heat-fusible fiber as a flexible binder resin and molded by thermocompression bonding to a thickness of 2.5 mm. .. The density of the inorganic fiber-made sheet 2 is 180 kg / m ^3, a tensile strength of about kg / cm ³ in the machine direction was about 3 kg / cm ³ in the width direction. The natural ground 1 is composed of a gravel layer with a diameter of several mm to several tens of mm, and a test section is set in a field where the groundwater level is low.
As the topsoil 3 to be laid on the top, commercially available sprayed greening adjusted soil (Hortosoil, manufactured by Fujimi Material Co., Ltd.) was used. Then, the topsoil 3 was sprayed to have a thickness of about 10 mm, and at the same time, seeds of chrysanthemums for greening were sown.

Under this condition, the irrigation was allowed to rain, and the growth condition of the plants was investigated after 1 month. As a result, many chrysanthemums were germinated and several true leaves were spread in each individual. In addition, germination of weeds other than Chrysanthemum plants used for greening was hardly observed.

For comparison, a sheet made of felt-like synthetic polyester fiber was used to form a topsoil layer similar to that of the example, and at the same time, seeds of chrysanthemum plants for greening were sown, and germinated chrysanthemums were used. No individual plant was found.

As is clear from the test results, it can be seen that the growing bed of this example provides a favorable environment for germination and growth of the seedlings 4. This is because the rock wool itself is effectively utilized by the plant as a part of the soil for growing the plant at the same time as the water retaining effect of the sheet, and the topsoil 3 is firmly connected to the topsoil 3 by the inorganic fiber sheet 2. And SiO2 x CaO, M contained in rock wool
It is considered that g, Fe, Mn and the like act as components necessary for plant growth.

Further, in the case of this embodiment, the ground surface of the construction portion was completely greened by the plant species used about six months after planting. On the other hand, in the case of the comparative example, the planting part could not be planted depending on the plant species used. In addition, a partial outflow of topsoil was observed and the polyester synthetic fiber sheet used was exposed. When the test plots of Examples were later dug up, the inorganic fiber sheet 2 was integrated with the natural ground 1 and the topsoil 3, and it was a soil suitable for growing plants as it was. On the other hand, in the comparative example using the sheet made of polyester-based synthetic fiber, the synthetic fiber remains in its original form, so it is necessary to rebuild the greening construction after removing the synthetic fiber. there were.

As is clear from this comparison, according to the present invention, an environment suitable for growing plants can be created by a simple operation, and the state can be continued.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily create a breeding environment required for plant growth. In addition, the basic inorganic fiber sheet has a good compatibility with the natural ground and topsoil, and even if there is some amount of precipitation, the topsoil is tied up and its outflow is prevented. Moreover, since the inorganic fiber sheet gradually weathers and decomposes and integrates with the soil, there is no foreign substance left in the soil unlike when using a synthetic fiber sheet, and it can be used as it is for plant cultivation. It can be reused.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a growing bed in Example 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Natural ground 2 Inorganic fiber sheet 3 Topsoil 4 Plant seedling

Claims (1)

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A non-woven fabric laid on a natural ground or a constructed ground, and a top soil laid on the non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric is composed of an inorganic fiber and a flexible binder resin. A plant-growing floor characterized in that it is made of fibers, mixed, and heat-molded.