JPH045533Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to iron sleepers that support railroad tracks, and to electrical insulating pads used for electrical insulation and buffering purposes between the railroad tracks.

(Prior art) When iron sleepers are used in railways, the rails are used as part of the electrical circuit for signals and control, so it is necessary to electrically insulate the iron sleepers and the rails. Therefore, various insulating pads have been developed and used.

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 146601/1983 proposes an insulating pad that has excellent electrical insulation performance, is easy to handle, and has low maintenance costs.

The invention described in the publication (hereinafter referred to as Invention A) is an insulating pad for a rail on a sleeper, and the insulating pad has a bottom part inserted between the rail and the sleeper below it when in use, and a bottom part of the rail when in use. two upper parts (shoulders) that cover the upper surface of each of the
and the top and bottom are integrally formed, the top is hinged to each side edge of the bottom, and the hinge is formed of a section of reduced thickness pad material; an insulating pad having an interengaging elbow groove structure for counteracting differential movement between the top and bottom parts in the longitudinal direction of the hinge; The product and shoulder are integrated, allowing for accurate installation, and is said to have features such as no electrical leakage.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) As a result of testing various insulating pads used when using iron sleepers, the inventors found that conventional insulating pads have the following problems. I knew.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a concave groove type insulating pad 2 is placed on an iron sleeper 1 and a rail 3 is placed thereon.
s, 3t is applied to the rail 3 due to the load, vibration, lateral vibration, etc.
As shown by the broken line in the figure, the pads are bitten, and as a result, cracks 4 are generated, rainwater enters, and the insulation resistance is drastically reduced, resulting in short circuits or damage to the insulating pads 2 themselves. Therefore, it can be assumed that the same problem exists in Invention A described above as well, unless some countermeasure not described is taken.

Next, since the insulating pad 2 is used in large quantities, it is desirable that it be functional, simple in form, and easy to manufacture.

In addition, it is preferable that the electrical insulation function is excellent and that function can be guaranteed for a long period of time, but at present there are no insulation pads that can be economically produced and whose performance can be guaranteed for a long period of time. I can't find it.

The object of the present invention is to provide an insulating pad that has a low manufacturing cost, can guarantee long-term insulation performance, and is easy to install and maintain.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the inventor of the present invention, as a result of various studies, developed a concave groove-type main body that straddles the top surface of the iron sleeper and encompasses the bottom of the rail, and a shoulder for pressing the rail. In this electrical insulating pad for rails, the rail pressing shoulders are held bendably through strip flexible arms projecting from both sides of the grooved main body, and the rail bearing surface of the grooved main body is For a rail, provided with longitudinal grooves on both sides to prevent cracks, and further provided with stepped portions on the lower edge of the rail pressing shoulder and on both side walls of the concave groove-shaped main body that engage with each other in the rail holding position to form a draining section. We developed an electrical insulating pad and succeeded in providing an insulating pad that does not have the problems mentioned above.

(Operation) The operation of the present invention will be explained using the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an open rail pressing shoulder of an electrical insulating pad for rails showing one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a rail fastened to iron sleepers using an electrical insulating pad for rails. be. In this invention,
The rail pressing shoulder is held bendably through strip flexible arms projecting on both sides of the concave groove type main body, and is attached under the rail, and when removed, the rail pressing shoulder is opened. The purpose of this is to simplify the work as there is no need to lift the rail too much, and the vertical grooves on both sides of the rail bearing surface of the concave groove type main body to prevent cracks are designed to prevent loads, vibrations, and lateral vibrations from being applied to the rail. In order to prevent both ends of the rail leg from biting into the rail bearing surface of the pad and causing cracks, the ends of the rail leg should not be in contact with each other, and the lower edge of the rail pressing shoulder and the concave groove should be prevented. The purpose of providing watertightness on both side walls of the mold body is to provide watertightness in order to prevent deterioration of insulation properties due to intrusion of rainwater.

(Example) Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, flexible strip arms 6a to 6d protrude from both sides of pad 5 to bendably hold rail pressing shoulders 7a and 7b (hereinafter simply referred to as shoulders).

Side walls 8a to 8d extending upward are provided on both sides of the rail bearing surface 5a (hereinafter simply referred to as the top surface) of the pad 5, and furthermore, the step portions between the side walls 8a, 8b and 8c, 8d are provided with fitting holes. Projections 9a, 9
b is provided protrudingly. In the present invention, the term "side wall" includes the side walls 8a to 8d and the stepped portion provided with the protrusions 9a and 9b. The main body of the pad 5 is formed as a groove-shaped main body 5s by having the side walls.

Next, the protrusions 9a, 9b are connected to the shoulders 7a, 7.
When b is in the rail pressing position, the shoulder 7
Recessed groove 1 for fitting protruding from the lower edge of a, 7b
0a and 10b to form a drainage part.

In addition, in the portions adjacent to the side walls 8a to 8d on both sides of the upper surface 5a and the protrusions 9a and 9b, and in the portions in contact with both ends 3s and 3t of the bottom portion 3a of the rail 3 shown in FIG. , 11b (hereinafter simply referred to as vertical grooves) are provided.

The longitudinal grooves 11a and 11b have a semicircular cross section or a U-shaped cross section, without any sharp parts, and have a shape that is gently continuous with the upper surface 5a, so that the occurrence of cracks is low.

It is preferable that both ends of the bottom portion 3a of the rail 3 face the vertical grooves 11a, 11b and are configured so as not to directly contact the upper surface 5a.

In Fig. 1, the concave grooves 7m and 7n drilled in the shoulders 7a and 7b are designed to prevent distortion during injection molding and also to improve the advancement resistance when the rail advances. It is something.

Since the pad 5 of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, when it is installed under the rail, the shoulders 7a and 7b are shaped like a bird with its wings spread, as shown in Figure 1, so that the rail can be placed under the rail. It can be easily inserted without much lifting, and replacement is also extremely easy.

Further, since the pad and the shoulders 7a, 7b are formed as one body via the striped flexible arms 6a to 6d, the positioning of the shoulders 7a, 7b is ensured.

Moreover, the above-mentioned uneven shapes 10a, 10b, 9a, 9
Since the water draining effect can be achieved by mating with b,
There is also less risk of electrical leakage accidents.

Therefore, the uneven shapes 10a, 10b, 9a, 9
Instead of the structure shown in FIG. 3, the engaging protrusions 9c and 10c of a phase-interrupting joint may be used instead. In the present invention, the irregularities 10a, 10b, 9a, 9b and the interlocking engagement protrusions 9c, 10c are collectively referred to as a stepped portion that meshes with each other to form a draining portion.

Furthermore, the function of the pad 5 of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

In the figure, 12a and 12b are shoulder 7a,
It is a clamp fitting that presses and supports the rail 3 via the clamping bolts 13a and 13b, the clamping nuts 14a and 14b, the washers 15a and 15b, and the clamping bolt pedestals 16a and 16b.

Wedge pieces 17a and 17b act to press the clamp fittings 12a and 12b supported by wedge receivers 18a and 18b press-protruded from the top surface of the iron sleeper 50 against the shoulders 7a and 7b. The wedge receiving portions 18a and 18b may have a structure in which appropriate metal fittings are welded to them.

Now, when the pad 5 of the present invention is used to fasten the rails of iron sleepers using the above-mentioned members, there is an advantage that the rails and the fastening mechanism can be inspected and maintained only from the direction of the top surface of the iron sleepers 50.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the insulating pad 5 showing the shoulder 7b in the rail-pressing position, and the strip flexible arms 6c and 6d are flexible enough to be easily bent and extended by human power.

In the figure, 19b is a recess for receiving a clamp fitting, and 20 is a wear-resistant and pressure-resistant metal backing plate that is adhered or embedded in the surface of the recess 19b as required.

Next, FIG. 5 is a front view of the insulating pad 5 of the present invention in the rail pressing position, showing vertical grooves 11a and 1 which have a secondary effect of improving insulation performance in addition to preventing cracks.
1b is formed into a gently arched groove on the upper surface 5a.

Further, FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing the state in which the insulating pad 5 is straddled over the iron sleeper 51, 21a, 21
b shows the legs for maintaining posture. The leg portions 21a, 2
An appropriate number of pads 1b is provided in consideration of the thrust force applied to the insulating pad 5 in the longitudinal direction of the rail.

Therefore, the present inventors formed the upper surface 5a into a rough surface with a high coefficient of friction, that is, a high friction rough surface, as shown in the schematic perspective view of FIG. 7, in order to reduce the advance of the rail. Excellent results were obtained.

As the means for forming the high-friction rough surface, it is preferable to form fine and uniform irregularities on a portion of an injection mold corresponding to the upper surface, and then perform injection molding.

The effect of the above-mentioned high friction rough surface will be explained with reference to the graphs of FIGS. 8 and 9.

Figure 8 is a graph showing the forward resistance when no rough surface is formed on the rail bearing surface of the insulating pad, with the horizontal axis representing the forward resistance force and the vertical axis representing the relative displacement between the rail and the insulating pad. . When the propulsion force was increased by 100 kg on the rail, the displacement was small up to 400 kg, but a sudden displacement occurred at 450 kg.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the acceleration resistance when the rail bearing surface of the insulating pad is formed into a rough surface as shown in FIG. 7. In this case as well, the thrust force was increased by 100 kg, but a sudden displacement occurred at 810 kg.

As described above, since the effect of having a high-friction rough surface is significant, it is preferable that the upper surface of an insulating pad used in a place where there is a concern about rail progression be a high-friction rough surface.

Next, the size and material of the pad of this embodiment will be described.

The top surface is 204 mm long and 150 mm wide. The height from the top of the side wall to the tip of the leg is 35 mm. The shoulder is 110 mm long and wide.
An insulating pad with a width of 10 mm, a length of 16 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm was manufactured as an integral injection molded product from high-density polyethylene or nylon plastic, and was used to support a 50 KgN rail. ,
We succeeded in achieving our goals by withstanding long-term loads and vibrations and maintaining high insulation resistance values.

(Effects of the invention) The insulating pad of the invention can be manufactured economically and is easy to handle, allowing for efficient maintenance, inspection, and replacement during initial installation as well as during use. . It also has excellent electrical insulation,
It has high reliability even during long-term use, and has great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an insulating pad according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a rail fastening situation using the pad, and Fig. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the step portion forming the draining part of the present invention. , Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the insulating pad when one side of the shoulder is in the rail pressing position, Fig. 5 is a front view of the insulating pad of the present invention in the rail pressing position, and Fig. 6 is the insulating pad on the iron sleeper. Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of the rail bearing surface and the insulating pad with a high-friction rough surface, and Figures 8 and 9 are for the surge resistance test of the insulating pad. A graph showing load and displacement, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the occurrence of cracks in a conventional insulating pad, and FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view thereof. 1... Iron sleeper, 2... Insulating pad, 2a... Body, 3... Rail, 3a... Bottom, 3s, 3t...
Both ends, 4...Crack, 5...Pad, 5a...
...Rail bearing surface (top surface), 5s...Concave groove type body, 6
a to 6d...Striped flexible arm, 7a, 7b...Shoulder, 7m, 7n...Concave groove, 8a to 8d...
Side wall, 9a, 9b... protrusion, 9c... engaging protrusion,
10a, 10b...concave strip, 10c...engaging protrusion,
11a, 11b... vertical groove for crack prevention, 12a, 1
2b...Clamp fitting, 13a, 13b...Tightening bolt, 14a, 14b...Tightening nut, 1
5a, 15b...Washer, 16a, 16b...Tightening bolt pedestal, 17a, 17b...Wedge piece, 18
a, 18b...wedge receiver, 19a, 19b...recess, 20...metal backing plate, 21a, 21b...leg, 50, 51...iron sleeper.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) In an electrical insulating pad for rails consisting of a groove-shaped main body that straddles the top surface of iron sleepers and encompasses the bottom of the rail, and a shoulder for pressing the rail, on both sides of the groove-shaped main body: The rail pressing shoulders are held bendably through respective protruding strip flexible arms, and longitudinal grooves for preventing cracks are provided on both sides of the rail bearing surface of the concave groove type main body, and the rail pressing shoulders An electrical insulating pad for rails, comprising a lower edge of the pad and both side walls of the concave groove-type main body, and provided with stepped portions that engage with each other in a rail holding position to form a drainage portion. (2) The electrical insulating pad for rails according to claim 1 of the utility model registration claim, wherein the rail bearing surface is a high-friction rough surface.