JPH0455590A - Method and device for constructing vertical pit structure in ground - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the efficiency and safety of operation by a method in which a square excavator is connected to the lower end of a square casing to excavate the ground, square casings are connected to the upside of the lower end square casing in order, and an inner wall tube is inserted into the casings. CONSTITUTION:A square excavator 1 is connected to the lower end of a lower square casing 2, and water is injected into the casing 2 to excavate the ground. As the excavation proceeds, the soil and water are pumped up to the ground's surface, the casing 2 is settled down, and next square casings 13 are connected to the upside of the casing 2 in order. After a square vertical pit 14 of a desired depth is formed under the ground, the excavator 1 is separated from the casing 2 and taken out of the tip 14. An inner wall tube 16 is inserted into the pit 14, reinforced concrete 17 is placed into the space between the tube 16 and the inner wall face 15 of the casings 2 and 13, and water in the pit 14 is drained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for constructing a pit structure with a rectangular cross section in soil for use as an underground parking lot or the like.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a method of constructing a pit structure in the soil, a caisson method and an earth drill are used in which a box-shaped structure made of reinforced concrete is excavated and sunk into the soil, and excavation and concrete pouring are repeated. A method is known in which a continuous underground wall is constructed in the soil and then the soil surrounded by the continuous underground wall is discharged.

The former caisson construction method maintains high pressure inside the caisson, and workers excavate in this compressed air, which poses problems such as the need to excavate the soil evenly so that the caisson sinks vertically under its own weight. , the working conditions of workers are poor, there is a problem of caisson disease, it takes a lot of man-hours, it is not economical, and for example, 3
．． There are problems such as the depth of excavation sinking being limited due to the working limit of 5 atm. Also, the latter method is 2
It is suitable for constructing underground structures at a depth of about 0m, but
There is a problem in that it is not suitable for constructing underground structures with a depth of 20 m or more.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to form a deep vertical shaft with a rectangular cross-sectional area of about 50 to 50 looms, which can be used for underground parking lots and other purposes, and which reaches the supporting ground. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for constructing structures in soil by automatic excavation.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A method for constructing a pit structure in soil according to the present invention is to removably connect a square hole excavator l to the lower end of a lower rectangular casing 2, and pour water into the lower rectangular casing. The soil under the lower end casing is injected, the soil below the lower end casing is excavated with a square hole excavator, the scraped earth and sand is sucked out to the ground together with water, and as the excavation progresses, the lower end rectangular casing is pushed down and settled, and it is successively added to the top of the lower end rectangular casing. Square casing 13
A vertical hole 14 with a square cross section of a desired depth is prepared in the ground by retaining water in the rectangular casing, and the square hole excavator is separated from the lower end of the square casing and taken out from the vertical hole, and then the inner wall pipe is removed. 16 is inserted into the shaft, reinforced concrete is poured between the inner wall pipe and the inner wall surface 15 of the rectangular casing, and then the inside of the shaft is drained.

The apparatus for constructing a pit structure in soil according to the present invention comprises a square hole excavator l, means 3 for detachably connecting the square hole excavator to the lower end of a lower rectangular casing 2, and means 5 for injecting water; means 8 for sucking excavated earth and sand together with water from inside the lower rectangular casing and taking it out on the ground; a plurality of supplementary rectangular casings 13 to be added onto the lower rectangular casing; It is characterized by comprising means 12 for sinking.

Further, the square hole drilling machine l according to the present invention is provided with a pair of blade plates 22 on which a large number of drilling cutters 21 are respectively attached in a plurality of parallel rows, and these blade plates are slid at an inclined position arranged in a V-shape. Support frame 2 that is movably suspended
3, a device 27 for reciprocating the blades, means IO for suspending the support frame from the ground, and means 3 for removably connecting the support frame to the lower end of the rectangular casing to be sunk. Features.

(Function) According to the configuration of the present invention described above, water is held within the casing to balance it with the groundwater pressure outside, and the inclined reciprocating rotor plate of the square hole drilling machine connected to the lower end casing is reciprocated to perform excavation. By doing so, a pit structure with a rectangular cross-sectional area of about 50 to 100 m2 can be constructed vertically underground to a depth of 30 to 50 m, reaching the supporting ground, making excavation work safe and easy. Can be done efficiently.

(Embodiment) The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and in the illustrated example,
A square hole excavator 1 shown in a schematic perspective view in FIG. 1 is detachably connected to the lower end of a lower square casing 2 by a clamp actuator 3 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, use a suitable excavator to excavate a depression about 2 m deep on the property where the pit structure is to be constructed, and install a chisel pipe or guide frame 6 with a square cross section in the depression by 1 m in height. The guide frame 6 is buried so that 1/3 to 1/4 of the water is above the ground, and water is injected into the guide frame 6 from a supernatant water tank 4 through a water supply pipe 5. A square hole excavator 1 is suspended in the guide pipe 6 by a wire rope 11, thereby injecting the water in the guide frame 6 into the square casing 2, and the square hole excavator 1 removes the soil under the lower end of the square casing. The earth and sand that has been excavated and scraped off is sucked out along with water by a pump 7 through a suction pipe 8 into a sedimentation tank 9 on the ground, and as the excavation progresses, a lifting action is applied via a wire rope 11 by a winch 10 and a controlled push-down actuator 12 is applied. The rectangular casing is pushed down via the horizontal balance push-down plate 45 to sink horizontally into the soil, and the additional rectangular casings 13 are added one after another on top of the lower end rectangular casing 2, and water is also poured into the additional rectangular casing 13 at least in the lower part. A vertical hole 14 with a rectangular cross section of a desired depth is created in the ground.Finally, the clamp by the clamp actuator 3 is released to separate the square hole excavator 1 from the lower rectangular casing 2, and the square hole excavator 1 is connected to the wire. It is pulled up with a rope 11, taken out from inside the shaft 14, and an inner wall pipe 16 shown by a virtual line with reinforcing bars arranged around its outer periphery is inserted into the shaft 14, and between this inner wall surface 16 and the inner wall surface 15 of the rectangular casing. Pour concrete 17 and open the pit 14
The interior will be drained and a pit structure with a rectangular cross section will be constructed underground.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 4 to 7, the excavator l is equipped with a pair of blade plates 22 on which a large number of excavating cutters 21 are staggered in parallel rows and chips welded to a rectangular frame 20. , each vane 22 has a guide rod 24 . fixed to the lower side of the support frame 23 extending in parallel as shown in FIG. 6 .
25 is suspended in an inclined position via rollers 26 (see FIG. 1) on the vane plate 22, and a hydraulic cylinder 27 is provided at an intermediate position between the guide rods 24, 25 and parallel to these guide rods, by means of which the blade The plate 22 is configured to reciprocate.

The left and right reciprocating blades 22 are arranged in a V-shape as shown in Fig. 4, thereby collecting the excavated soil at the lower end of the figure 7, and opening the tip of the earth and sand suction pipe 8 at this lower end as described later. This makes it easier to remove excavated soil. Further, it is preferable in terms of operational balance that the reciprocating blades 22 are moved in opposite directions when the hydraulic cylinder 27 is extended, and are operated with their positions shifted in the reciprocating direction as shown in FIG. .

A plurality of side cutters 28 are mounted on the movable frame 18 operated by a hydraulic cylinder 29 at the outer end of each reciprocating blade plate 22 of the square hole drilling machine 1, and when the square hole drilling machine 1 is in excavation operation, The side cutter 28 is made to protrude to the protruding position shown in the figure, and the lower end cutting edge and outer side of the lower rectangular casing 2 are slightly lateralized to reduce frictional resistance with the earthen wall.

A plurality of clamp actuators 3 for removably connecting the square hole drilling machine 1 to the lower end of the lower rectangular casing 2 are fixed to each side of the support frame 23 as shown in FIG. It is set up. The clamp actuator 3 is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, and a clamp piece 31 is rotatably attached to the tip of a piston rod 30 by a pin 32.
During the holding operation, the piston rod 30 is extended and the clamp surface of the clamp piece 31 is pressed against the inner surface of the lower rectangular casing 2 by hydraulic pressure, so that the support frame 23 is firmly fixed and held to the lower rectangular casing. .

In order to remotely control and operate the hydraulic actuators such as the hydraulic cylinders 27 and 29 and the clamp actuator 3 of the above-mentioned square hole excavator from the ground, solenoid valves, hydraulic pumps, hydraulic tanks, etc. that receive signals from the control device on the ground are operated. A closed case 35 is fixedly provided on the support frame 23. A lifting bracket 36 is provided on the sealed case 35, and a wire rope 11 is connected to this bracket 36 from a winch 10 on the ground, and a braking force is applied to the lower rectangular casing 2 to prevent it from sinking due to its own weight. 1 can be lifted.

Further, the distal end of the earth and sand suction pipe 8 connected to the pump 7 on the ground is fixed to the support frame 23 so as to open at the bottom of the V-shape formed by the pair of vanes 22.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the rectangular casing 13, which is made of a plurality of steel plates with a thickness of 3 mm, for example, 9 m long and 8 m wide.
, formed in a rectangular shape with a height of 1.8 m. Square casing 1
A plurality of joint plates 40 are welded and attached to the upper end of 3, and are formed so that they can be added one after another on the ground and connected with bolts. 41 indicates a reinforcing connecting plate. The lower rectangular casing 2 is also formed in the same way as the supplementary rectangular casing. A side friction cutter can be attached to the lower end of the lower end of the rectangular casing 2 in the same manner as in the case of a caisson, so that it can function in the same way as the side cutter 28 described above. In this case, the side cutter 28 described above can be omitted. I can do it.

Figures 8(a) and 8(b) show the additional rectangular casing 13.
As shown in FIG. 8a, the winch 10, the push-down actuator 12
Rails 43 are extended and provided on both sides of the guide frame 6 below the machine stand 42 to which the equipment etc. are attached. Left and right casing portions 13a of the square casing 13,
13b, respectively, and feed them from the left and right under the machine stand 41, and as shown in Fig. 8b, reinforcing joints are attached to the double-sided casing parts 13a and 13b at a position where the vertical axis coincides with the rectangular casing 2 or 13 located at the upper end. After the plates 41 are welded and connected together, the push-down actuator 12 composed of a hydraulic cylinder is operated to lower the horizontal balance push-down plate 45 onto the upper end of the rectangular casing 13, and the push-down plate 45 is added to the rectangular casing. 13 are connected with bolts using a connecting piece 46, and the push-down plate 4
5 is raised by the actuator to lift up the refilling casing 13, and in this state, the movable assembly table 44 is removed from the bottom of the refilling rectangular casing 13.Finally, the refilling rectangular casing 13 is attached to the lower rectangular casing 2 by the joint plate 40. Alternatively, by connecting to 13, the rectangular casing 13 can be refilled. Although the work of replenishing the replenishing rectangular casing 13 has been described above, it goes without saying that the lower end rectangular casing 2 can also be assembled and installed in the guide frame 6 in the same manner.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, a pit structure with a rectangular cross section can be safely and efficiently constructed vertically underground at a depth that reaches the supporting ground, thereby increasing the degree of land use. For example, by using it as an underground parking facility, it is possible to solve the problem of parking cars in urban areas.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a square hole drilling machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for constructing a pit structure according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a supplementary square casing, and FIG. A front view of the square hole excavator. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line v-■ in Figure 4 in the direction of the arrow. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in Figure 4 in the direction of the arrow. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the square hole excavator shown in FIG. 4, and FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) are perspective views illustrating the replenishment work of the replenishment rectangular casing. 1... Square hole drilling machine 2... Lower end square casing 3... Clamp actuator (connection means) 4...
・Supernatant water tank 5... Water supply pipe (water injection means) 6.
... Guide frame 7 ... Pump 8 ... Sediment suction pipe (soil removal means) 9 ... Sedimentation tank 10 ... Winch 11 ...
・・Wire rope 12・・Push down actuator (sinking means) 13・
...Additional square casing 14...Drilling hole 16...Inner wall pipe 17.
... Reinforced concrete 20 ... Rectangular frame 21 ... Excavation cutter 22 ... Wing plate 23 ... Support frame 24.25 ... Guide rod 26 ... Roller 27 ... Hydraulic cylinder 28 ... Side cutter 29...Hydraulic cylinder 30...Piston rod 31...Clamp piece 40...Joint plate
41... Reinforcement connecting plate 42... Machine stand
43...Rail 44...Moveable assembly table 45...Horizontal balance push-down plate 46...Connection piece

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A square hole excavator is removably connected to the lower end of the lower rectangular casing, water is injected into the lower rectangular casing, and the soil below the lower end casing is excavated by the square hole excavator; The scraped earth and sand are sucked out to the ground along with water, and as the excavation progresses, the lower rectangular casing is pushed down and settled.
Add additional rectangular casings one after another on top of the lower rectangular casing, retain water in the additional rectangular casing, create a vertical hole with a square cross section of desired depth underground, and separate the square hole excavator from the lower rectangular casing. A shaft structure characterized in that the shaft is removed from the shaft, an inner wall pipe is inserted into the shaft, reinforced concrete is poured between the inner wall pipe and the inner wall surface of the rectangular casing, and then the inside of the shaft is drained. How to build things in the soil. 2. A square hole excavator, a means for removably connecting the square hole excavator to the lower end of the lower rectangular casing, a means for injecting water into the lower rectangular casing, and a means for injecting water into the lower rectangular casing from inside the lower rectangular casing. A pit structure is provided in the soil, characterized by comprising means for sucking it up and taking it out to the ground, a plurality of additional rectangular casings added onto the lower end rectangular casing, and means for sinking the lower end and the additional rectangular casings by a controlled amount. equipment to build. 3. A support frame comprising a pair of blade plates on which a plurality of drilling cutters are respectively attached in a plurality of rows parallel to each other, and each of these blade plates is slidably suspended and supported at an inclined position arranged in a V shape; A device that reciprocates each plate,
Used for constructing a pit structure in soil, characterized by comprising means for suspending the support frame from the ground, and means for removably connecting the support frame to the lower end of the rectangular casing to be sunk. square hole drilling machine.