JPH0454014Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] [Industrial application field]

This invention relates to the structure of automobile doors, and in particular,
This invention relates to an improvement in a door structure that opens and closes a door opening formed from the side to the top of a passenger seat.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, there is a door called a gull wing door for opening and closing a door opening formed from a side surface of a body to a roof. This gull wing door has a door hinge provided on the roof side, and has a structure in which it can be opened by flipping upward around the door hinge. Therefore, when closing a door that flips upward when it is fully open, a string is hung from the door and pulled so that the occupant cannot reach it while sitting in the seat. I turned around and tried to close the door. For this reason, conventional gull wing doors have had the problem of poor operability. Furthermore, this gull wing door has a problem in that the distance between the door hinge and the center of gravity of the door is large, resulting in a large operating load when opening the door. In addition, some door structures used in racing cars have an upper hinge located near the center of the leading edge of the roof in the width direction of the vehicle body, and a lower hinge provided in a fender portion extending to the side of the vehicle body. Such a door structure is opened so that the door flips up toward the front of the vehicle body and diagonally upward. For this reason, it is difficult for the occupant sitting in the seat to reach the door, and the door is opened and closed by an assistant outside the vehicle. Therefore, such a door structure cannot be used for commonly used passenger cars. Furthermore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-28725, the upper hinge is provided at the center position in the width direction of the vehicle body at the rear of the roof, and the lower hinge is provided at the center position in the width direction of the cowl panel, that is, the width of the front edge of the front windshield glass. Some are installed at the front of the central part of the roof, and when the door is fully open, part of the door covers the central part of the roof in the width direction and the top surface of the front windshield glass. However, in the door structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-28725, the center of gravity of the door is too far away from the hinge center line passing through the upper hinge and lower hinge, so the operating load when opening the door becomes too heavy. There is a problem. Furthermore, even when the door is open, a portion of the door is above the occupant's head when getting on and off the vehicle, resulting in a narrow space for getting on and off the vehicle. On the other hand, in Utility Application No. 61-132033 (see Utility Model Application No. 63-37323), the applicant proposed a bar roof at a position above the passenger seat, leaving the bar roof at the center in the width direction of the roof, and A door opening that is continuously formed in the vehicle body from the top to the top, a door that is arranged to open and close the door opening, and an inner peripheral edge of the door opening on the center side in the width direction of the vehicle body that is attached to the bar roof. A door hinge mechanism that supports the door so that the door opening can be opened and closed, and includes an attached upper hinge and a lower hinge that is attached to a position forward of the door opening and from near the connecting portion between the front pillar and the cowl panel. and a door body comprising a door inner panel, a door outer panel, an inner reinforcement for reinforcing the door inner panel, and an outer reinforcement for reinforcing the door outer panel; a door frame whose lower end is connected to the inner reinforcement and outer reinforcement and forms a window frame; the door inner panel, the door outer panel, the inner reinforcement and the outer reinforcement; The present invention has proposed an automobile door structure in which at least one of the members extends forward from the front side of the door frame, and the extended portion is supported by the vehicle body via the lower hinge. In this proposal, the hinge center line passing through the upper hinge and lower hinge of the door is close to the center of the door body, that is, the center of gravity of the door, so that the operating load during the door opening operation is reduced. Furthermore, since the hinge center line passes through a position close to the occupant seated in the passenger seat, the position of the door in the fully open state can be brought closer to the seated occupant;
This allows the passenger to easily open and close the door while sitting in the passenger seat. Furthermore, since the door can be flipped up toward the front of the vehicle body and near the center in the width direction of the vehicle body when fully open, there is a large space above the occupant's head when getting on and off the vehicle, and therefore a large space can be secured for the occupant to get on and off the vehicle.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

Here, since the door is formed to open and close a large door opening that is formed from the side to the top of the passenger, the rigidity of the door must naturally be greater than that of a conventional side door. . In particular, since the door frame extends upward from the door body and is bent horizontally along the roof, its cross-sectional area is considerably larger than the door frame of a conventional side door.
Torsional rigidity, over-opening rigidity, damper push-up rigidity, etc. are increased. However, if the cross-sectional area of the door frame is increased in order to increase the rigidity of the door frame, there is a problem in that not only does the weight of the door increase, but also the visibility from the cabin occupants is narrowed. .

[Purpose of invention]

This invention was made in view of the above problems, and is an automobile door structure that aims to reduce the weight of the door frame and improve visibility in the door for opening and closing the door opening extending from the side to the upper side of the passenger. The purpose is to provide

[Means to solve the problem]

This idea consists of a door opening that is continuously formed in the vehicle body from the side to the top of the passenger seat, leaving a bar roof in the widthwise center of the roof above the passenger seat, and a door opening that opens and closes this door opening. an upper hinge attached to the bar roof at the inner peripheral edge of the door opening on the center side in the width direction of the vehicle; and a connecting portion between the front pillar and the cowl panel, which is located in front of the door opening. A door hinge mechanism includes a lower hinge attached to a front position from the vicinity and supports the door so as to freely open and close the door opening, and the door includes a door body and a window on the upper part of the door body. a door frame forming a frame, the door frame is formed by connecting a front member along the front pillar, a horizontal member along the bar roof, and a rear rear vertical member, and these front members, horizontal The member and the rear vertical member are each configured by connecting an inner frame and an outer frame so as to form a closed cross section therebetween, and the front member supports the upper hinge and the lower hinge, and the front member supports the upper hinge and the lower hinge, and the front member supports the upper hinge and the lower hinge, and the front member supports the upper hinge and the lower hinge, and The above object is achieved by making the area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the closed cross section of the horizontal member and the rear vertical member.

[Effect]

In this invention, the stiffness of the entire door is increased by making the cross section of the front member, which has a low contribution rate to the door frame stiffness, torsional stiffness, over-opening stiffness, damper push-up stiffness, etc., thinner than other parts. To reduce the weight of a door and improve forward visibility for occupants inside a vehicle without reducing the weight of the door.

【Example】

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a passenger seat 12 in an automobile 10 is used.
At the upper position, a door opening 18 is continuously formed in the vehicle body from the side to the upper part of the passenger seat 12, leaving the bar roof 16 at the center in the width direction of the roof 14, and the door opening 18 is opened and closed. a door 20 arranged in the same manner as shown in FIG.
The lower hinge 26 is attached to the cowl panel 25 at a position forward from the connecting portion between the front pillar 24 and the cowl panel 25,
The door 20 includes a door hinge mechanism that supports the door opening so that it can be opened and closed, and the door 20 includes a door body 21 and a door frame 50 that forms a window frame on the top of the door body 21. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the door frame 50 includes a front member 52 along the front pillar 24 and a horizontal member 5 along the bar roof 16.
4 and a rear rear vertical member 56 are connected, and these front side members 52, horizontal members and 54, and rear vertical member 56 are connected to the inner frame 52A, the rear vertical member 56, respectively.
54A, 56A and outer frames 52B, 54
B, 56B with closed cross sections 52C, 54C, 56 between them.
are connected to each other to form C,
Moreover, the front side member 52 is connected to the upper hinge 22.
and the lower hinge 26, and the cross-sectional area of the closed cross-section 52C is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the closed cross-sections 54C and 56C of the horizontal member 54 and the rear vertical member 56. Here, in this embodiment, when the in-plane moment of inertia, out-of-plane moment of inertia, torsion constant, and weight of the front member 52 and the rear vertical member 56 are set to 100 for the horizontal member 54. The ratio is shown in Table 1 below.

[Table] The bar roof 16 is orthogonal to the header portion 32 that supports the upper end of the front windshield glass 30, and constitutes a so-called T-bar roof. The upper hinge 22 is attached at a corner portion 34 where the bar roof 16 and the header portion 32 intersect. As shown in the figure, the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 are shaft hinges, and their rotating shafts 22A and 26A are arranged in alignment. Therefore, the hinge center line 28 passing through the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 is positioned to pass through the interior of the vehicle. Further, a gas damper 36 is attached to the door 20 in order to reduce the operating load when opening the door 20 and soften the impact when closing the door 20. As shown in FIG. 4, this gas damper 36 is supported on the outer surface of the lower portion of the upright portion 24B of the front pillar 24 via a ball bearing 36A.
Further, on the door 20 side, there is a front edge 20A of the door 20.
Similarly, it is swingably supported by a ball bearing 36B near the lower side of the lower hinge 26. Reference numeral 38 in FIG. 1 indicates a door window pane of the door 20, and reference numeral 40 in FIG. 3 indicates a door weather strip. This door wayer strip 40 is attached to a rising flange 18B at the inner circumferential end of a stepped portion 18A that is formed along the inner circumferential edge of the door opening 18, extending inward from the outer surface of the vehicle body. ,
When the door 20 is fully closed, it contacts the inner surface of the door 20 to seal between the body and the door 20. The upper hinge 22 is attached to a stepped portion 18A formed along the inner peripheral edge of the door opening 18, and is prevented from protruding onto the top surface of the roof. Here, the front edge of the door opening 18 includes a header portion 32 that holds the upper edge of the front windshield glass 30, an inclined portion 24A of the front pillar 24, and an upright portion 24 of the front pillar 24.
It is formed along B. In the door structure as described above, the hinge center line 28 passing through the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 of the door 20 passes near the upper part of the body of the seated occupant in the vehicle interior.
The door 20 can be easily opened and closed while remaining seated. In addition, the distance between the center of gravity of the door 20, which is located slightly above the center of the door body 21, and the hinge center line 28 is shorter than that of conventional gull wing doors, etc., and therefore the operating load when opening and closing the door is reduced. Can be made smaller. Furthermore, in the door 20 of the above embodiment, the closed cross section 52 of the front member 52 in the door frame 50
C is smaller than the closed cross sections 54C and 56C of the horizontal member 54 and the rear vertical member 56, and as shown in Table 1 above, the cross-sectional characteristic values and weight are smaller than the horizontal member 54 and the rear vertical member 56. Since the size of the door frame 50 is smaller than that of the door frame 50, the weight of the door frame 50 and the door 20 can be reduced, and the front and side visibility from the occupants in the vehicle can be expanded. Here, the front member 52 has a lower contribution rate to the rigidity of the door frame 50, the torsional rigidity of the door, the over-opening rigidity, the damper thrusting rigidity, etc., so it is thinner than the horizontal member 54 and the rear vertical member 56. There is no problem in doing so. Note that the upper hinge 22 is attached to the bar roof 16.
Although the upper hinge 22 is disposed at the corner portion 34 at the front end of the bar roof 16, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the upper hinge 22 may be attached at any position in the front and rear direction of the bar roof 16. Further, the attachment position of the lower hinge 26 is not limited to the cowl panel 25, but may be in the vicinity of the connecting portion between the cowl panel 25 and the front pillar 24. Therefore, it may be attached to the front pillar 24 or may be attached to both the front pillar 24 and the cowl panel 25. Furthermore, it may be attached to another body member near the connecting portion. Further, the upper hinge 22 and the lower hinge 26 do not necessarily have to be shaft hinges, and one or both may be ball joints.

[Effect of the idea]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to reduce the weight of the door and improve the front and side visibility of the occupants in the vehicle without reducing the rigidity of the entire door frame, the torsional rigidity of the door, the rigidity of over-opening, and the rigidity of bumping up the damper. It has the excellent effect of being able to expand the number of people.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an automobile in which the door structure according to the present invention is implemented, Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the door of the automobile in a fully closed state, and Fig. 3 shows the upper hinge and its vicinity in the same embodiment. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the lower hinge and its vicinity; FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the door in the same embodiment; FIGS. 6 to 8 are FIG. of-
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line to -. 10... Car, 12... Passenger seat, 14... Roof, 16... Bar roof, 18... Door opening,
20...Door, 21...Door body, 22...Top hinge, 24...Front pillar, 25...Cowl panel, 26...Lower hinge, 50...Door frame, 52...Front side member, 54...Horizontal member , 56... Rear vertical member, 52A, 54
A, 56A... Inner frame, 52B, 54
B, 56B...Outer frame, 52C, 54
C, 56C...Closed section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Above the passenger seat, a bar roof is left in the widthwise center of the roof, and a door opening is continuously formed in the vehicle body from the side to the top of the passenger seat, and a door opening is arranged to open and close this door opening. a door, and an inner peripheral edge of the door opening on the center side in the vehicle body width direction,
The door includes an upper hinge attached to the bar roof, and a lower hinge attached forward of the door opening and near the connecting portion between the front pillar and the cowl panel, so that the door can be freely opened and closed. the door includes a door body; a door frame forming a window frame on the upper part of the door body; the door frame includes a front member along a front pillar; , connecting a horizontal member along the bar roof and a rear vertical member at the rear,
The front member, the horizontal member, and the rear vertical member are each constructed by connecting an inner frame and an outer frame so as to form a closed cross section therebetween, and the front member supports the upper hinge and the lower hinge, and . An automobile door structure in which the cross-sectional area of the closed cross-section is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the closed cross-section of the horizontal member and the rear vertical member.