JPH0453454A - Protein feed for ruminant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title feed excellent in fanciness and rumen bypassability, consisting of a molded product of a mixture of a protein feed, fatty acid calcium salt, caking agent and feed additive(s) at specified proportion. CONSTITUTION:The objective feed consisting of a molded product of a mixture of (A) 25-75 (pref. 25-70)wt.% of a protein feed (e.g. blood meal, feather meal, meat meal), (B) 25-75 (pref. 25-70)wt.% of a fatty acid calcium salt, (C) 0.1-10 (pref. 0.1-5)wt.% of a caking agent (e.g. molasses, starch, CMC, casein sodium), and (D) 0-20 (pref. 0-15)wt.% of feed additive(s) (e.g. amino acid(s) such as lysine, vitamin(s), mineral(s)).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a protein feed that has good palatability and excellent rumen bypass properties and is used for nutritional supplementation of ruminant animals.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, protein has been often fed to livestock for the purposes of providing energy, maintaining physical condition, accelerating the rate of pay increase, improving meat quality, and promoting milk production.

However, protein feeds generally do not have good palatability, and although they are mixed in advance with compounded feeds, or are mixed with flavoring agents, sweeteners, etc., this does not necessarily improve palatability.

In addition, in ruminant animals such as cows, when protein is orally administered as it is, it is denatured and degraded by microorganisms that coexist in the rumen, and the protein reaches the digestive organs from the abomasum where it should be absorbed. Not only is there no waste, but a large amount of harmful substances such as ammonia are generated, which harms the health of animals and makes it impossible to achieve the intended purpose.

In order to solve these problems, methods have been taken to improve the palatability of the feed by pelletizing it, and to impart ruminal bypass properties by coating it with a protective substance.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-55099 proposes a method of improving palatability by pelletizing mineral feed, and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 59-198946 proposes a method of improving palatability by pelletizing mineral feed. By doing the first
A method of imparting gastric bypass properties has been proposed. Also,
In addition to this, there are other methods for imparting ruminal bypass properties.
JP 63-313546, JP 59-66843
No. 63-317050, No. 633170
No. 52, No. 63-317053, etc., but most of the methods include various blending compositions, melt-mixing with high-melting-point oils and fats, fatty acids, or fatty acid salts, and granulating after cooling.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, simply pelletizing the protein does not significantly improve palatability, and coating the protein with a protective substance may not serve as a nutritional source, has poor digestibility in the abomasum and beyond, and requires complicated procedures for coating. There are disadvantages such as difficulty in implementation due to the time required. Furthermore, when mixed with pellets of concentrate feed that is normally fed to rebel animals, there is a drawback that the protection is destroyed by heating during pelletization.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of intensive research to solve the above problems.

That is, the present invention provides 25 to 75% by weight of protein feed, 25 to 75% by weight of fatty acid calcium, and 0.1 to 10% of binder.
The present invention relates to a protein feed for anti-feather animals comprising a molded product of a mixture of 20% by weight and feed additives 'jjyJO' to 20% by weight.

[Structure and operation of the invention]

In the present invention, the protein feed used as the main raw material is
Oral administration provides energy, maintains physical condition, increases weight,
Any substance that exhibits biological activity such as improving meat quality and promoting milk production may be used, such as blood meal, feather meal,
Examples include meat meal, mid-bone meal, fish meal, poultry bone meal, full-fat soybean, defatted soybean, corn gluten meal, and casein.

The amount of this protein feed used is 25-7% of the total blended composition.
It may be appropriately selected within the range of 5% by weight, preferably 25 to 70% by weight. If it is less than 25% by weight, it cannot fully function as a protein feed. If it exceeds 75% by weight, the effect of improving palatability cannot be sufficiently obtained.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the fatty acid calcium used together with the above-mentioned main raw materials is effectively utilized as a high-energy bypass fat and oil feed for rebel animals.

There are no limitations to the raw materials or manufacturing method for producing fatty acid calcium; for example, starting materials include fatty acids produced by hydrolyzing fats such as beef tallow, liver fat, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, palm oil, and palm kernel oil. Fatty acid calcium produced by a method such as a direct method or a double decomposition method can be used.

The amount of fatty acid calcium used is 2% of the total composition.
It may be appropriately selected within the range of 5 to 75% by weight, preferably 25 to 70% by weight. When the amount is less than 25% by weight, the proportion of protein feed decomposed in the rumen increases, and sufficient bypass properties cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 75% by weight,
This is not preferable because the proportion of the protein feed used decreases.

In the present invention, molasses, starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium caseinate, propylene glycol, sodium alginate, and the like are used singly or in combination of two or more as binders for solidifying these raw materials.

The amount of this binder used varies depending on the type of protein feed, the type of binder, the molding method, the shape of the product, etc., but it is generally 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight. It is best to keep it within the range. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of the binder is weak, and the molded product will not have sufficient strength to bend. If it exceeds 10% by weight, a binder will be added unnecessarily, which is undesirable from a cost standpoint.

In the present invention, feed additives can be used in addition to the above-mentioned raw materials, if necessary.

This is added for purposes such as nutritional support, promotion of utilization of nutritional components, and regulation of metabolic functions. Amino acids such as lysine, methionine, and tryptophan, ascorbic acid,
Examples include vitamins such as nicotinic acid, and minerals such as magnesium carbonate and manganese carbonate.

The amount of these feed additives used is 20% of the total blended composition.
% by weight, preferably up to 15% by weight. If it exceeds 20% by weight, the proportion of protein feed and fatty acid calcium used decreases accordingly, which is not preferable.

The shape and particle size of these raw materials used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and if they are too large to mix, they may be pulverized.

In the present invention, water is added to the above blended composition as necessary. The optimum amount of water to be added varies depending on the molding method, the type and performance of the molding machine, and the target moisture content of the product, but it is generally desirable to be within the range of 0 to 40% by weight.

Such blended compositions are sufficiently mixed and molded into various shapes such as disc-shaped, ring-shaped berets, extruders, and granules to produce final products.

Note that when 5 to 40% by weight of water is added, the water content can be adjusted to a predetermined value by subjecting it to a drying process if necessary after the above-mentioned molding.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the protein feed for reactionary animals of the present invention is a molded product of protein feed, fatty acid calcium, and a binder, it is a protein feed with excellent palatability and excellent rumen bypass properties.

Furthermore, since the feed of the present invention is a molded product such as pellets or granules, it is extremely easy to handle during transportation and feeding.

〔Example〕

Next, examples of the present invention will be described in comparison with comparative examples.

Below, percentages and ratios are based on weight.

Moreover, palm oil fatty acid calcium was used as the fatty acid calcium in the example.

(1) Preparation Example 1 Meat bone meal (crude protein content = 55%) 480g
, fatty acid calcium 480g, starch 40g (Protein feed/fatty acid calcium/binder ratio: 48/48
/4) were mixed and molded using an extruder while adding 20% of the total amount of water. After that, the moisture content of the product is reduced to 10% or less by hot air drying at 60°C, and the diameter of the product is 61 cm.
A pelleted feed with a length of 10 to 20 m was obtained.

Example 2 480 g of fishmeal (crude protein content: 266%), 480 g of fatty acid calcium, 20 g of carboxymethyl cellulose, 10 g of nicotinic acid, 10 g of magnesium carbonate (blending ratio of protein feed/fatty acid calcium/binder/feed additives:
Pelletized feed was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using 48/4 B/2/2).

Example 3 Blood meal (crude protein prize 1: 87%) 470g, fatty acid calcium 470g, starch 20g, sodium caseinate 1
0g1 carboxymethyl cellulose 10g, L-lysine chloride 10g, L-ascorbic acid 10g (protein feed/
Fatty acid calcium/binder/feed additive blend ratio:
47/47/4/2) in the same manner as in Example 1,
Pelleted feed was obtained.

Example 4 Feather meal (crude protein content = 83%) 470g, fatty acid calcium 470g, starch 20g, molasses 20g,
DL-methionine 10g, magnesium carbonate Log (
A pelleted feed was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using a blending ratio of protein feed/calcium fatty acid/binder/feed additive: 47/47/4/2.

Example 5 680 g of meat bone meal (same as Example 1),
Fatty acid calcium 280g, starch 40g (protein feed/
Fatty acid calcium/binder ratio 768/28/4
) to obtain pelleted feed in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 6 280 g of meat bone meal (same as Example 1),
Fatty acid calcium 680g, starch 40g (Protein feed/fatty acid calcium/binder ratio: 2B/6
8/4) to obtain pelleted feed in the same manner as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 1 Meat bone meal (same as Example 1) 500g,
A powdered feed was obtained by mixing 500 g of fatty acid calcium (mixing ratio of protein feed/fatty acid calcium: 50150).

Comparative Example 2 490 g of fishmeal (same as Example 2), 490 g of fatty acid calcium, 10 g of nicotinic acid, I[magnesium Lo
g (mixing ratio of protein feed/fatty acid calcium/feed additive: 49/49/2) to obtain a powdered feed.

Comparative Example 3 490 g of blood meal (same as Example 3), 490 g of fatty acid calcium, 10 g of L-lysine hydrochloride, and 10 g of L-ascorbic acid (blending ratio of protein feed/calcium fatty acid/feed additive: 49/49/2). The mixture was mixed to obtain powdered feed.

Comparative Example 4 Feather meal (same as Example 4) 490g, fatty acid calcium 490g, DL-methionine 10g, magnesium carbonate 10g (protein feed/fatty acid calcium/
Mixing ratio of feed additives: 49/49/2),
Powdered feed was obtained.

Comparative Example 5 Meat bone meal (same as Example 1) 960g,
Starch 40g (Protein feed/binder ratio: 96/4
) to obtain pelleted feed in the same manner as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 6 Meat horn meal (same as Example 1) 800g,
Fatty acid calcium 160g, starch 40g (protein feed/
Fatty acid calcium/binder ratio: 80/16/
4), pellet-shaped feed was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

(2) Evaluation test (palatability test) In order to examine the palatability of the protein feeds obtained in the examples and comparative examples, 250 g of the obtained protein feeds and 3,750 g of commercially available mixed feed were mixed to give a total of 4° 000g of test feed was prepared, and 4,000g of compound feed alone was used as a comparison feed.
The test feed and the comparison feed were fed to five cows at the same time during milking and allowed to eat for 10 minutes.

As a result, the ratio of the amount eaten by both animals was as shown in Table 1.

<Rumen bypass property test> In order to examine the rumen bypass property of the protein feeds obtained in the Examples and Comparative Examples, 5 g of the protein feed was mixed with McDougall (McD) corresponding to cow ruminal fluid.

uga 11) in 200 mA of artificial gastric juice and heated at 39°C.
After being shaken for 24 hours at a temperature of , the sample was taken out from the artificial gastric juice, and the reduction rate of crude protein was determined and taken as the elution rate. The results were as shown in Table 1.

In addition, the above-mentioned McDougall's artificial gastric juice contains 9.8 g of sodium bicarbonate, 0.57 g of potassium chloride, 0.04 g of calcium chloride, and 9.8 g of disodium phosphate decahydrate.
3 g, sodium chloride 0.47 g and sodium sulfate heptahydrate 0.12 g dissolved in water 11 pH 8.3
It is a solution of

As is clear from the results in Table 1, the protein feed for ruminants of the present invention has excellent palatability and a low crude protein elution rate in the rumen, that is, it has excellent rumen bypass properties. I know that there is.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A protein feed for ruminants consisting of a molded product of a mixture of 25-75% by weight of protein feed, 25-75% by weight of fatty acid calcium, 0.1-10% by weight of a binder, and 0-20% by weight of feed additives. .