JPH0440176A - Television special effect device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an effect like crossing two pictures by defining the depth-wise direction of an output picture, to which three-dimensional movement/rotation/ enlargement is executed, as a Z direction, executing arithmetic for the unit of a picture element concerning a Z value, calculating the priority order for the unit of the picture element based on the result of comparison with a Z value similarly calculated from another channel, and synthesizing the two different pictures according to the priority order. CONSTITUTION:The Z value generated by a Z value computing element 11 is defined as ZA. The output switching the Z value similarly calculated in the other channel and the fixed Z value set to a Z register 12 from a CPU by a switcher 13 is defined as ZB. A comparator 14 calculates difference between the ZA and the ZB, and a ROM 15 converts the level of the differential value. In this case, by using the Z value set to the Z register 12, a back ground and the priority order can be attached even when operating the device at the single channel. According to a synthesizing coefficient generated by the ROM 15, the signal is synthesized with the picture from the other channel by a synthesizer 7, and after executing the processing of synthesizing a back ground signal to a part, where any picture des not exist, by a back ground adding circuit 8, D/A conversion 9 is executed so as to get an output picture 16.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image compositing system, and more particularly to a television special effects device with three-dimensional effects such as rotation and perspective.

Prior Art FIG. 4 shows the configuration of a conventional television special effects device. The input image A1 is converted into digital data by the A/D converter 2 and written into the image memory 4 according to the sequentially generated write address generator 3. The stored image data is read out from the image memory 4 according to the three-dimensional conversion address generated by the read address generator 5. The read image data is synthesized by the synthesizer 7 with the input image B6 from other channels according to the priority order set for each screen. Next, the background addition circuit 8 synthesizes a background signal to the area where no image exists, and
/A converter 9 converts it into an analog television signal to obtain output image data corresponding to output image 1o.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, as shown in Figure 2, in the conventional television special effects device, when combining two images, the priority order is uniform (a), and the combined output image has one channel as the other. There was a problem that the image was always on top, resulting in an unnatural image.

The present invention is intended to solve such conventional problems, and aims to obtain the effect (b), which is similar to crossing two fly images.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention sets the depth direction of the screen of an output image that has been three-dimensionally moved, rotated, and enlarged as the Z direction, and calculates the Z value on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Based on the result of comparing that Z value with the Z values obtained in the same way for other channels, the priority order for each pixel is determined, and two different images are combined according to the priority order.

Effect Therefore, according to the present invention, by comparing the Z values, it is possible to determine which of the two images will be the foreground, and based on the result, the images are combined, and the two images are combined. You can get a crossover effect.

Embodiment First, before applying the present invention, a method of generating a read address for the image memory 4 to obtain a three-dimensional movement, rotation, and enlargement effect will be explained.

Movement, rotation, and expansion of figures in three-dimensional space are expressed by affine exchange. Since this apparatus is configured to control reading from the image memory 4, an inverse transformation of an affine transformation is used. Assuming that the output image obtained by moving, rotating, and enlarging the input image is in the three-dimensional normal coordinate system [X y z],
A formula for inversely transforming an output image into a three-dimensional homogeneous coordinate system [uvwα] hairfin transformation is shown in formula (1).

However, the determinant of the 4×4 matrix in equation Q) is not 0, but aij
(i, j=1 to 4) are constants. In order to convert equation (1) into a three-dimensional normal coordinate system [UVW], the right-hand side of equation (1) should be α
When normalized by dividing by formula (2) % formula % (2) The input image is W = 0 in the three-dimensional normal coordinate system [UVW]
It is on a plane. Therefore, equation (2)! l) W = 0
is obtained, variable 2 in equation (1) can be erased, and the read address [U, V] of the image memory is obtained.

However, Ki (i=1 to 9) in equation 3) is a constant. K
The image memory 4 is read out using the values of addresses U and V obtained by setting i once for each field from the CPU and substituting the sequentially changing values of the coordinates xXy of the output screen into equation (3). Yes, you can obtain image data that has been moved, rotated, and enlarged in real time.

Next, a method of calculating the Z value will be explained. As mentioned above, if we consider that the input image is on the W-0 plane of the three-dimensional normal coordinate system [UVW], p w = 0 and (1
), we obtain equation (4).

a, 3x+ a2. y+a33z+a43=O-(4)
Solving equation (4) for 2 yields equation (5).

Z-Kyx + Kay + Ke
−(5) However, 7= ass/ass, Ks”
"ats/ass, K9'" a43/a
3! The specific configuration of the present invention will be described by way of examples. In FIG. 1, 11 is a Z
12 is a Z register, 13 is a switch, 14 is a comparator, 15 is a ROM, and 16 is an output image signal. 1st
In the figure, the Z value generated by the Z value calculator 11 is designated as ZA. From the Z value obtained in the same way for other channels and the CPU
The fixed Z value set in the register 12 and the switch 13
Let ZB be the output switched by .

The difference between ZA and ZB is calculated by the comparator 14, and the difference value is expressed as R.
The level is converted by OM15. Here 2 registers 1
By using a Z value set to 2, you can prioritize the background even when the device is operated on a single channel, and you can obtain an image that looks as if the effect image has been inserted into the background. . ROM
At step 15, the level conversion shown in FIG. 3 is performed to generate a synthesis coefficient for the change in the two difference values to be sent to the synthesizer 7. By changing the two-difference value d in FIG. 3, soft edge processing can be performed at the intersection position of multiple images. A synthesizer 7 synthesizes the image with other channels according to the synthesis coefficients generated in the ROM 15, and a background addition circuit 8 synthesizes a background signal where no image exists, and then D/A conversion 9 is performed. Finally, an output image 16 having an effect similar to that of a cross between two images is obtained.

In the above embodiments, 7 to 7 are constants that can be easily obtained compared to the constants used to obtain three-dimensional rotation, movement, and expansion. Equation (5), which is a conversion equation, is the same as some of the calculations performed in Equation (3). By setting .about., binary values for each pixel can be obtained in real time. The result is compared with the binary values obtained in the same way for other channels to determine which one will be the foreground, pixel by pixel, and the images obtained from the two channels are combined pixel by pixel using the obtained priority order. A cross-like effect can be obtained.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention makes it possible to generate a Z value for each pixel in real time by setting a constant that can be easily obtained by the CPU once for each field. By comparing two images pixel by pixel to see which one is the foreground and composing them, it is possible to obtain an effect that looks like a cross.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a television special effects device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the effect image obtained by the device, and FIG.
FIG. 4, a diagram showing OM level conversion, is a schematic block diagram of a conventional television special effects device. 1... Input image A, 2... A/D converter, 3...
Write address generator, 4... Image memory, 5...
・Read address generator, 6... input image B, 7.
... Synthesizer, 8... Background addition circuit, 9... D/A converter, 11... Z value calculator, 12... 2 registers,
13...Switcher, 14...Comparator, 15...RO
M, 16... Output image. Name of agent Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano and 1 other person Figure input image A 1 composite input image B Figure d Δ Z difference value

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] An image memory that sequentially stores input image data, and a read address generator that reads out the image data stored in the image memory to obtain image processing effects of three-dimensional rotation, movement, and enlargement. , a Z value calculator that calculates a Z value as three-dimensional depth information, and a comparator that compares the depth information of the input image data calculated by the Z value calculator with the depth information similarly calculated in another channel. , a synthesizer for synthesizing image data from a channel different from the image data from the output of the comparator and the output of the input image data from the image memory with pixel-by-pixel priority; A television special effects device that combines image data and image data of another channel to obtain image data in which the two images intersect with each other.