JPH0433415B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a drainage structure for condensed water in a cultivation greenhouse for growing and cultivating plants such as vegetables, fruits, and flowers.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] In general, greenhouses for this kind of cultivation either do not allow outdoor cultivation in cold seasons such as winter, or do not allow plants to be grown quickly through forced cultivation. By surrounding the greenhouse with translucent materials such as translucent films and boards, the temperature of the greenhouse can be maintained higher than the outside temperature. However, conventionally, translucent members were made of a single layer, so they inevitably lacked sufficient insulation, and as a result, as the outside temperature dropped significantly at night, the temperature inside the greenhouse continued to drop, which had a negative impact on plants. Sometimes I put it away. To deal with this, it is necessary to increase the indoor temperature by heating the room, but this also increases the cost burden for heating. Therefore, in order to increase heat retention at night, double translucent materials are used.
In this case, the sunlight must pass through the double translucent member, resulting in another drawback that the amount of sunlight is significantly reduced.

Therefore, we first proposed installing a shutter in the greenhouse that could be opened and closed to ensure sunlight during the day and heat retention at night, and we were able to achieve considerable results. In this product, dew condensation tends to occur on the indoor surface of the slats constituting the shutter curtain due to temperature differences, and in that case, the condensed water falls as water droplets.
This poses a problem as it may have a negative impact on plants.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention was devised for the purpose of providing a drainage structure for condensed water in a cultivation greenhouse that can eliminate these drawbacks. A cultivation greenhouse surrounded by a transparent material is equipped with a shutter that can be opened and closed, and the cultivation greenhouse can be divided into a single-layer greenhouse made of translucent materials, and a double-layer greenhouse made of a fully closed shutter and translucent materials. The present invention is characterized in that a water receiving groove is provided on the side edge of the slat greenhouse facing inward side constituting the shutter.

With this configuration, the present invention makes it possible to reliably prevent condensed water adhering to the indoor surface of the shutter slat from dripping onto the floor soil in a greenhouse in which a shutter that can be opened and closed is installed. This is what I did.

[Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a greenhouse, and the greenhouse 1 is built long in the east-west direction with the gable side facing approximately east-west. A framework is formed using a support column 3 on the north side that is inclined so as to be displaced, and a roof support column 4 that is supported in an inclined manner so that it becomes lower toward the south side between the upper ends of both supports 2 and 3.
A greenhouse 1 is formed by extending a translucent resin film 5 over the entire surface of these supports 2, 3, and 4 as well as an auxiliary frame material (not shown).

On the other hand, reference numeral 6 denotes a reflective plate that also serves as a heat insulating material, and the reflective plate 6 has a reflective surface formed of a member such as aluminum foil on its surface. It is erected on the north side of the greenhouse so as to be substantially parallel to the north side support 3, at a predetermined distance from the north side support 3, and erected in an inclined manner with the reflective surface facing south. It reflects sunlight and directs the reflected light toward the soil surface inside the greenhouse.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a shutter to be assembled in the greenhouse, and a guide rail 8 that constitutes the shutter 7
are integrally attached to the pillars on both end sides of the greenhouse 1 either directly or via support frames. In the embodiment, the guide rail 8 is composed of an outer circumferential rail body 8a and an inner circumferential rail body 8b, which are arranged in parallel inside and outside. They are oriented in parallel vertical directions, and have a gentler slope than the roof support 4 on the ceiling side, but are laid so that the south side is lower. Furthermore, on the north side, the reflector 6 and the north side support 3
The outer rail body 8a is laid parallel to the support column 3, and the inner rail body 8b is laid at a steeper slope than the supporting column 3. On the other hand, the slats 9 constituting the shutter curtain are made of a heat insulating material such as rigid polyurethane foam. Furthermore, reflective surfaces similar to those of the reflective plate 6 are formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the slat 9, and running rollers 10 and 11 are installed on both left and right edges of the slat 9 in a staggered manner on both the inner and outer surfaces. There is.
The inner side running roller 10 is the inner circumferential side rail body 8.
b, the outer running roller 11 is the outer rail body 8
They are assembled so that they each travel along a path.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a gutter that is integrally provided below along the guide rail on the indoor side of each guide rail 8, and is arranged to become gradually lower as it goes from the north side of the greenhouse to the south side. As will be described later, when the shutter is fully closed, the condensed water that has collected in the water receiving groove of the slat 9 and the dew condensed water that has been generated in the chain 12 is received and drained elsewhere.
In the figure, reference numeral 15 is an airtight sheet provided on the rear end edge of the final slat 9, which comes into contact with the reflector plate 6 when the shutter is fully closed to ensure the airtightness of the greenhouse.

On the other hand, 12 is an operating chain attached to the roller shaft 10a of the inner side running roller 10, and the operating chain 12 is arranged such that the edges of the slats 9 that are adjacent to each other face each other with a predetermined gap L between them. The slats 9 are connected continuously. Reference numeral 13 denotes a switch installed at the north corner of the guide rail 8. A drive sprocket 14, which is chain-transmitted to the switch 13, meshes with the operating chain 12. The shutter curtain can be opened and closed by forcibly moving the chain of the drive sprocket 14 along with forward and reverse driving of the shutter curtain. That is, when the shutter curtains are fully open, they are stored in a stacked manner on the guide rail 8 of the storage section formed on the north side, but when the operating chain 12 is moved to the south side by the drive of the opening/closing machine 13. In conjunction with this, the slats 9 are sent out in order from the upper slat 9, and the first slat 9
reaches the tip of the guide rail 8, and is fully closed when the gap L between each slat 9 disappears,
This state is detected by a lower limit switch (not shown) and the drive of the opening/closing machine 13 is stopped. Conversely, by driving the opening/closing machine 13 in the opposite direction to the above, the slats 9 are sequentially fed into the storage section on the north side and are fully opened.This is detected by an upper limit switch different from the above, and the slats 9 are opened/closed. The drive of the shutter 13 is stopped, and in this way the opening and closing of the shutter 7 can be controlled.

Upper and lower frames 20, 30 are incorporated into the upper and lower edges of the slat 9 in the longitudinal direction to form a panel body. The upper and lower frames 20 and 30 are made of extruded aluminum members, and the upper frame 20 has a substantially U-shaped cross section and is attached to cover the slat 9. On the other hand, the lower stile 30 is inwardly connected to the upper stile 2.
A holding part 31 having a substantially U-shaped cross section similar to that of 0 has a plurality of hawk-shaped protruding pieces 32 on the outside, and the protruding pieces 32 on both sides are provided with locking parts 33 facing inward. Further, a protruding piece 3 on the lower edge side of the slat 9 facing the greenhouse interior surface 9a (hereinafter referred to as the slat interior surface 9a)
A square gutter-shaped water receiving groove 34 is formed in the slat chamber 2 to collect condensed water adhering to the inner surface 9a of the slat chamber. Reference numeral 40 denotes a semi-cylindrical buffer member made of elastic rubber, which is fitted onto the protruding piece 32 side of the lower stile 30, so that each slat 9 is in airtight contact with the other when the shutter is fully closed. This is how it was done.

In the embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above, the shutter 7 is kept fully open during the daytime when the sun's rays irradiate, and by doing so, the sun's rays are transmitted from the single layer resin film 5 extremely efficiently. It is possible to secure the necessary sunlight with good incidence. On the other hand, when the outside temperature drops at night and there is a risk that the indoor temperature will drop abnormally, the shutter 7 is fully closed by driving the opening/closing machine 13. By doing so, the greenhouse 1 becomes a double insulation layer consisting of the outer resin film 5 and the inner fully closed shutter curtain, which prevents the room temperature inside the shutter 7 from decreasing. This can be reliably prevented and heat retention can be greatly improved.

On the other hand, in this case, when the shutter 7 is fully closed, the room A surrounded by the shutter 7,
If there is a temperature difference between the intermediate chamber B between the shutter 7 and the outer resin film 5, condensation is likely to form on the inner surface 9a of the slat chamber of the shutter 7, and the generated condensation becomes water droplets and falls. There is a risk that this will happen. However, in the present invention, when the shutter is fully closed, the rollers 11 and 10 of each slat 9 are guided by the guide rails 8a and 8b, which are inclined downward in the front direction and move downward in the closing direction, so that the slat interior surface 9a The vehicle will come to a stop on a downward slope. Therefore, the condensed water adhering to the slat interior surface 9a is transmitted to and collected in the water receiving groove 34 provided at the lower end edge of the slat interior surface 9a on the lower side. The condensed water collected in the water receiving groove 34 is further received and drained by a gutter 16 provided along the lower side of the guide rail.

In this way, in the present invention, even if condensed water adheres to the slat interior surface 9a when the shutter 7 is fully closed, the condensed water flows along the slant interior surface 9a and is received by the water receiving groove 34. It turns out. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the condensed water from turning into water droplets and falling directly onto the soil surface of the floor, hitting the plants and having an adverse effect on their growth, thereby allowing the plants to grow in a healthy manner.

Furthermore, the inclination angle of the slat 9 itself needs to be such that water drops do not fall and flow into the water receiving groove 34, but by applying a droplet agent made of a surfactant or the like to the inner surface 9a of the slat chamber, If the condensed water does not become water droplets and spreads over the slat indoor surface 9a, the condensed water will easily flow into the water receiving groove 34 along the surface slope, and the slope angle can therefore be lowered, reducing the overall height of the greenhouse. There is no need to increase the height.

[Operations and Effects] In summary, since the present invention is constructed as described above, during the daytime when the sun's rays are shining, the sun's rays can be extremely efficiently incident as a single layer made of a member such as a resin film. ,
On the other hand, when the outside temperature drops at night and there is a risk that the indoor temperature will drop abnormally, the shutter is fully closed and a double insulation layer with a resin film is used to keep the shutter warm. However, even if condensation occurs on the inside of the slat chamber due to the temperature difference when the shutter is fully closed, the inside of the slat chamber is sloped forward and down, so the condensed water that has adhered to it will be It flows towards the bottom edge and is collected in the water receiving groove at the bottom edge, ensuring that the condensed water does not turn into water droplets and fall to the soil surface side, adversely affecting the plants. It is possible to prevent this from occurring and to allow plants to grow in a healthy manner.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show a condensed water treatment structure in a cultivation greenhouse according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the greenhouse when the shutter is fully closed, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main part,
FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing the inside of the slat chamber, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the slat, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the lower stile. In the figure, 1 is a greenhouse, 9 is a slat, 9a is a slat indoor surface, 16 is a gutter, 30 is a lower stile, 34 is a water receiving groove, and 40 is a buffer member.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A cultivation greenhouse surrounded by a transparent material is equipped with a shutter that can be opened and closed,
It is possible to switch between a single-layer greenhouse made of a translucent member and a double-layer greenhouse made of a fully closed shutter and a translucent member, and the shutter has a ceiling portion that is gently sloped downward in the front; A drainage structure for condensed water in a cultivation greenhouse, characterized in that a water receiving groove is provided on the side edge of the inward facing surface of the slat greenhouse constituting the shutter curtain.