JPH0430971A - Cutting material and cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase accuracy, efficiency and durability, by composing a cutting material with an alumina quality fiber being hardened by resin. CONSTITUTION:Organic fiber aggregate and organic fiber reinforcing material are cut by using the cutting material made by hardening an alumina quality fiber with resin. Thus, cutting performance, durability and accuracy are increased without reducing the inclusion rate of abrasive grains.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to cutting and grinding materials and cutting and grinding methods.

More specifically, the present invention relates to materials for grinding and cutting organic fiber aggregates and materials reinforced with organic reinforcing fibers, and methods for grinding and cutting.

<Prior art> Conventional cutting materials include natural abrasive grains such as diamond, garnet, and silica sand, and artificial abrasive grains such as fused alumina, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, poron nitride, and calcined alumina. It has been used by coating metals such as cast iron, paper, cloth, non-woven fabric, etc., or by adhering or hardening with resin etc.

However, in these cutting materials, the abrasive grains are only a part of the surface, and moreover, the abrasive grains fall off during processing, resulting in low cutting efficiency and low durability of the cutting materials.

In order to solve this problem, some attempts have been made to mix a large amount of abrasive grains, but in this case, there were problems such as a decrease in the strength of the cutting material, a curved cut surface, and a decrease in cutting accuracy.

In order to solve these problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-3796 discloses a grindstone reinforced with silicon carbide fibers.
No. 86, JP-A-55-131473, and JP-A-59-97845 propose a whetstone reinforced with glass fiber, and JP-A No. 63-34072 proposes a whetstone reinforced with carbon fiber. .

<Problem to be solved by the invention> In cutting materials such as the above-mentioned fiber-reinforced grinding wheels, the content of abrasive grains is reduced by the amount of fibers mixed for reinforcement, resulting in poor cutting performance and durability. It is inferior and the accuracy is not sufficient.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention is a cutting material for an organic fiber aggregate and an organic fiber reinforced material, which is made by solidifying alumina fibers with a resin, and a cutting method using the cutting material. is to provide.

Known alumina fibers can be used.

Among them, AhOz is 60% by weight or more, SiO□ is 3O
Consisting of N content% or less, tensile strength is 100kg/f
High strength and high hardness alumina fibers with a Mohs hardness of 4 or more are preferred.

The length of the alumina fiber is preferably 10 fi or more, preferably 100 fi or more, and more preferably 20 fi or more in view of its mechanical strength reinforcing effect.

In the case of continuous filaments, they may be used as they are, but they may also be processed into cloth, string, etc.

The diameter of the alumina fiber is approximately 3μ or more and 100μ or less,
If the diameter is large, the cutting efficiency will be excellent, but the smoothness of the cutting surface will be poor, and if the diameter is small, the alumina fiber will have the excellent smoothness of the cutting surface, but the efficiency will be poor. good.

In addition, alumina fibers include carbon fibers, aramid fibers, poron fibers, silicon carbide fibers, silicon nitride fibers, glass fibers,
Other fibers such as silica fiber have strength, impact resistance, electrical resistance,
They may be mixed to improve physical properties such as thermal conductivity.

Examples of resins that harden alumina fibers include epoxy resin,
Hardening resins such as phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, alkyd resin, urea-formalin resin, polyimide resin; polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene,
There are thermoplastic resins such as polyvinyl chloride, ABS resin, AS resin, polyacrylamide, polyacetal, polysulfone, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polyether sulfone, polyether ether ketone, and polyamideimide.

Among these, tough resins such as epoxy resins, polyether sulfone resins, polyether ether ketone resins, and polyamide-imide resins are particularly suitable.

In order to harden alumina fibers using these resins, well-known methods for producing fiber-reinforced composite materials can be used.

That is, thermosetting resins are impregnated into alumina fibers in an uncured or semi-cured state or dissolved in a solvent, and thermoplastic resins are impregnated into alumina fibers in a molten or immersed state.

If the fibers are not in the form of continuous filaments, they may be mixed with a resin as is, or they may be processed into a nonwoven fabric or a preformed body and solidified with the resin.

Various molding methods used for fiber-reinforced composite materials can be used to mold alumina fibers hardened with resin into the shapes of various cutting materials.

In the case of continuous filaments, there are prepreg lamination methods, filament winding methods, pultrusion methods, etc.

In the case of discontinuous fibers, injection molding or the like is used.

With these methods, the shape of the cutting material can be changed to plates, rods, pipes,
Any object can be used depending on the purpose, such as a disk.

Machining the cutting material with grooves, holes, etc. to improve the discharge of cutting waste and the distribution of lubricant is effective in improving cutting performance.

In the present invention, the higher the proportion of alumina fibers in the cutting material, the better the mechanical strength and cutting performance, and the proportion is from 20% by volume to 80% by volume, preferably from 50% by volume to 70% by volume.

If it is less than 20% by volume, the cutting performance will be low, and if it exceeds 80% by volume, the amount of resin to be fixed will be too small, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, in order to achieve high strength and high rigidity, it is preferable that the fibers be oriented in the direction of stress.

Among the materials to be cut, organic fiber aggregates include natural fibers such as cotton, raw silk, wool, and hemp; synthetic fibers such as aramid fibers, nylon fibers, polyether ether ketone fibers, and polyoxy Hengeil fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, polyether sulfone fiber, polysulfone fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, polyvinylidene chloride fiber,
There are polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, etc., and two or more of these fibers may be combined, and small amounts of metal fibers, carbon fibers, and ceramic fibers may also be mixed.

The forms of the aggregate include tow, woven fabric, non-woven fabric,
etc.

Furthermore, the fiber thickness and fiber length may be arbitrary.

Organic fiber-reinforced materials are so-called fiber-reinforced resins (FR
Among P) and fiber-reinforced rubber, it refers to those whose reinforcing fibers are organic fibers.

This type of organic fiber is same as above be.

Furthermore, the fiber thickness and fiber length may be arbitrary.

The fibers may be in any form, such as unidirectionally aligned, woven fabric, or nonwoven fabric.

The types of resin and rubber to be reinforced include thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, synthetic rubbers, natural rubbers, and combinations thereof.

The organic fiber-reinforced material is obtained by a well-known manufacturing method for fiber-reinforced resin and fiber-reinforced rubber.

In addition, its shape can be flat, cylindrical, prismatic, cylindrical, rectangular, etc.
■It is possible to cut into any shape such as beam shape, honeycomb shape, lump, tire shape, etc., and it is also possible to cut into sandwich structure or honeycomb structure in combination with other materials.

To cut a material to be cut using a cutting material, a well-known technique and method may be used.

The shape of the cutting material is adapted to the driving method and driving direction of the cutting material.

For example, in order to rotate and cut the cutting material, the cutting material is shaped into a disk, a cylinder, a column, a cone, a cylindrical planar shape, or the like.

Then, the cutting material is placed on the rotating tool, and the cutting material is placed on the rotary tool for approximately 50 to 10 minutes.
The material to be cut is cut by rotating it at about 000 rpm+w and pressing it against the material to be cut.

During cutting, it is also possible to add water or cutting oil for cooling purposes.

As methods for driving the cutting material, there are methods of reciprocating the cutting material, methods using ultrasonic vibration, and the like.

In addition, the cutting material can also be manually sheared and cut using scissors.

(Effects of the Invention) The cutting material of the present invention is superior to conventional abrasive grains and glass in terms of performance, accuracy, efficiency, and durability for grinding and cutting organic fiber aggregates and organic fiber reinforced materials. Superior compared to fiber-based abrasive grinding materials.

In other words, no fuzz or firmness occurs during grinding or cutting, and subsequent finishing is unnecessary.

In addition, alumina fibers have excellent corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and have high thermal conductivity, so frictional heat can be easily removed, making cutting defects less likely to occur due to softening of the material to be cut, and deterioration of the quality of the material being cut. It has excellent durability.

Plus, alumina! Since the fibers also act as reinforcing materials, the mechanical strength is particularly excellent.

<Example> The present invention will be further described below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Bisphenol A type epoxy resin (Sumi〇Epoxo E
LA-134 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 60 parts by weight, cresol nopofuku type epoxy resin (Sumi ■Epoxy ESC)
N-2208 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 40 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of diandiamide, 3(3,4 dichlorophenyl)-
4 parts by weight of 1,1-dimethylurea were mixed, heated to 75° C., allowed to flow down onto a continuous release paper, and passed through a doctor knife to obtain a resin film.

Alumina fiber Altex (Al□Ox85% by weight
, SiO □ 15% by weight, thickness 15 μm, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) were aligned in one direction, spread out into a sheet, and a release paper having the resin film was sandwiched between the top and bottom of the tow.
A linear pressure of 3 kg/amO was applied with a press roll at ℃ to obtain a prepreg sheet with a fiber basis weight of 330 g/m.

The prepreg sheet was cut out and the fiber orientation angle was 0”/9.
After stacking 4 beams of 0°/90°10°, 3c11 in the center
A disk with an outer diameter of 2001 mm was also punched out with a hole of .

The disc was put into a mold and hot pressed at 5 kg/d at 120 °C, with a thickness of 0.7 fi and a fiber volume content (vr) of 6.
0% cutting material was obtained.

Using continuous long fiber tow of aramid fiber Twaron ■1000 (Nippon Aramid Co., Ltd.), 40 parts by weight of bisphenol A epoxy resin, glycidylamino epoxy resin (Sumi ■Epoxy ELM-120 special product of Sumitomo Chemical Industries)
20 overlapping parts, Talesol novolak type epoxy resin, 4
Using a mixture of 0 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of ginandiamide, and 1 part of imidazole curing agent 2E4MZ-CN (manufactured by Shikoku Kasei), the fiber weight was determined in the same manner as the alumina 'It fiber prepreg notebook. A prepreg sheet of 216 g/n was obtained.

This prepreg sheet was cut out and the fiber orientation angle was 45°.
10°/-45'/90°/90°/-45°10'
After laminating 8 bars of /45", put it in a mold and produce 5 kg/cd.
, heat pressed at 120℃, thickness 2fi, length and width 150m,
(2) A 60% aramid fiber reinforced resin board was obtained.

Separately, instead of the above aramid fiber and continuous long fiber tow, 6,
A prepreg sheet with a fiber basis weight Bog/g was obtained in the same manner except that 6 nylon plain woven fabric was used.

This prepreg sheet was cut out, and 16 sheets were laminated with the fiber direction alternately changed by 90 degrees.
A nylon fiber-reinforced resin board measuring 150 m in length and width and having a Vv of 60% was obtained.

The aforementioned aramid fiber-reinforced resin plate and nylon fiber-reinforced resin were fixed to a stand, and the cutting materials were attached to the rotary wheel of a grinder (111 Maruto Tech Two-Way Cafter MC-513 model) at a circumferential speed of 2500 m. The performance of the cutting material was evaluated by rotating it at a speed of 30/min and pressing and cutting it while pouring water at a feed rate of 30/min.

The material to be cut was judged to be good if no fuzz, firmness, or burntness was observed on the cut surface, and bad if any were observed.

The degree of clogging of the cut material was visually determined and classified as good, slightly poor, and poor.

If the amount of cutting material wear is less than 10■, it is considered good, and if it is more than 50■, it is bad.
The intermediate score was rated as slightly poor.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2 In the cutting material of Example 1, the fiber weight of the alumina fiber prepreg was 166 g/n (stitched), and the prepreg was stacked at a fiber orientation angle of 45° 10° / -45° / 90° /
Except for 8 sheets of 90°/-45" and 10°/45".
The same procedure was carried out to obtain cutting materials with the same thickness (■).

This cutting material was similarly evaluated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 In the cutting material of Example 1, an alumina fiber plain woven cloth was used instead of the alumina continuous long fiber tow, and the fiber basis weight was 66.
A cut material having the same thickness (■) was obtained in the same manner except that 2 g/% prepreg was used and III was performed in two layers of O'/90°.

This cutting material was similarly evaluated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 4 In the cutting material of Example 1, the alumina continuous fiber tow was replaced with Al tex and ALMAX (α-Alz
A cut material having the same thickness and V was obtained in the same manner except that the cutting material had an oi of 99.5χ, a thickness of lOμ, and was manufactured by Mitsui Mining Co., Ltd.).
This cutting material was similarly evaluated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 5 In the cutting material of Example 1, the alumina continuous fiber tow was replaced with Altex and Alcen (A1.0°8
0X, 5iOi20! , thickness 10 μm, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo (■)), to obtain cutting materials having the same thickness (■).

This cutting material was similarly evaluated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 In the cutting material of Example 1, glass fiber (manufactured by Nippon Glass Fiber ■, thickness 17 μm) was used instead of the alumina continuous long fiber tow.
) was used in the same manner except that a prepreg sheet with a fiber basis weight of 263 g/m was used, and the thickness, V,
The same cutting material was also obtained. This cutting material was similarly evaluated.

The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 A cut material was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the same glass fibers as in Comparative Example 1 were used to prepare a prepreg with a fiber basis weight of 132 g/%. This cutting material was similarly evaluated.

The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3 In the cutting material of Example 3, a glass fiber plain woven cloth was used instead of the alumina fiber plain woven cloth, and the fiber basis weight was 528 g/
A cut material was obtained in the same manner except that a prepreg of m was used.

This cutting material was similarly evaluated.

The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 4 Commercially available cutting material, diamond blade (manufactured by Malto)
Evaluation was made in the same manner using .

The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A cutting material for organic fiber aggregates and organic fiber reinforced materials, which is made by hardening alumina fibers with resin. 2) A method of cutting an organic fiber aggregate and an organic fiber reinforced material using a cutting material made of alumina fibers hardened with resin.