JPH04213695A - Segment for shield tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce cost and shorten a term of work of shield excavation by making a segment for tunnel in concrete construction which is reinforced by using a molded material made by impregnating a specific fiber into resin or its short fiber, etc. CONSTITUTION:Segments for shield tunnel made of concrete construction reinforced using molded materials in the forms of bar, plate, L-shape, T-shape, groove-shape, cylinder, square tube, etc., made by impregnating one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or vinylon into resin, or steel. fiber are used to one part 9 of the wall body of a main tunnel 1. Then, similar segments are used also to one part 11 of the wall body of a main tunnel 5 that a shield machine 7 reaches. Next, protective equipment 13, 15 are provided in a ring shape imide main tunnels 1, 3. And, the shield machine 7 installed inside the main tunnel 1 is moved fold to cut and break down one part 9 of the wall body with a digging blade 17, and excavates the natural ground, thereby soil improvement and wall body wrecking work can be eliminated.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Purpose of the invention]

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield tunnel segment for a shield tunnel excavated by a shield tunneling machine.

0003

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, the shield method has been in the spotlight as one of the tunnel excavation methods.

This shield construction method is a construction method in which a tunnel is excavated while a cylindrical shield excavator equipped with a cutting blade at the tip is propelled underground. By the way, if you try to branch out another tunnel from inside this shield tunnel, you will have to demolish the already constructed tunnel wall and launch another shield tunnel from there to construct the shield tunnel. , or by excavating the ground using the conventional mountain tunnel construction method. At this time, when demolishing the tunnel wall, in order to prevent the inflow of mud and groundwater from the opening created there, it is necessary to improve the ground by injecting chemical solution into the surrounding ground in advance, or solidify it by freezing method. It is necessary to prevent the ground from collapsing during wall demolition work. Both of these methods are quite expensive. In addition, the above-mentioned ground improvement work, demolition work of walls, and work to remove the destroyed materials are very time-consuming, which hinders shortening the construction period and is also unfavorable from a safety standpoint.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Dividing one tunnel into another in this way increases the cost of ground improvement of the surrounding ground, impedes shortening the construction period, and has safety issues. There were also some concerns.

[0006] The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and enables the shield excavator to demolish the walls of an existing shield tunnel and excavate another shield tunnel without any modification, thereby making it possible to excavate another shield tunnel by itself. The aim is to reduce costs, shorten construction time, and improve safety by eliminating the need for improvements and wall demolition work.

[0007]

[Structure of the invention]

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the shield tunnel segment of the present invention is a rod-shaped segment made of resin impregnated with any one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or vinylon. , plate-like, L
The concrete structure is reinforced using formed materials such as T-shaped, groove-shaped, cylindrical, square tube, etc., or short fibers thereof or steel fibers.

[0009]

[Function] The shield tunnel segment of the present invention is a rod-shaped or plate-shaped segment made of resin impregnated with carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or vinylon so that it can be easily cut by a shield excavator. , L-shaped, T-shaped, groove-shaped, cylindrical, rectangular tube, etc., or their short fibers or steel fibers are used to reinforce the concrete structure. Even when a wall segment is cut with a shield excavator, such a concrete reinforcing material is easily cut without getting entangled with the excavation blade. Therefore, the shield tunneling machine itself can demolish the existing tunnel segment and directly excavate the tunnel. Therefore, ground improvement and wall demolition work are no longer necessary, making it possible to reduce costs, shorten construction period, and improve safety.

If a material that is easy to cut, such as artificial aggregate, is used as the above-mentioned concrete aggregate, it will be easier to cut the wall using a shield excavator. In addition, the rod-shaped concrete reinforcement used in the present invention may be placed in concrete as it is, like reinforced concrete, or the reinforcement may be tensioned to give prestress to the concrete, and the ends of the rod-shaped concrete reinforcement may be placed in the concrete. It may be established in

[0011] Furthermore, if a shield tunnel is constructed adjacently using the vertical pile for shield construction method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-176093) for which the present applicant has already filed an application, it will be possible to excavate a large cross-sectional underground space and Construction of stations, underground connections of shield tunnels, etc. can be carried out safely and economically.

0012

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a shield construction method using a shield tunnel segment according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, 1 and 3 are main tunnels, and 5 is main tunnel 1.
, 3 laterally interconnecting them. First, a shield excavator 7 for excavating the branch tunnel 5 is installed in the main tunnel 1, and is used to cut a segment 9 of the wall of the main tunnel 1 to excavate the branch tunnel 3. . For this reason, a part 9 of the wall of the main tunnel 1 is provided with a rod-shaped, plate-shaped, L-shaped, T-shaped, groove, etc. made of resin impregnated with carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or vinylon. Molded materials such as shapes, cylinders, rectangular tubes, etc., or their short fibers or steel fibers
A shield tunnel segment with a reinforced concrete structure is used.

[0013] As aggregates for this concrete, artificial aggregates such as fired clay, volcanic lapilli and processed products thereof, expanded slabs, coal shells and processed products thereof are used. Also, part 11 of the wall of main tunnel 3 that the shield excavator will reach.
The segments of the present invention are also used in the same manner. That is,
Parts 9 and 11 of the walls corresponding to the starting and reaching positions of the shield excavator 7 for the branch tunnel 5 have sufficient strength to withstand external earth pressure and water pressure, and are easily accessible by the shield excavator 7. The structure should have the property of being cut. In addition, inside the main tunnels 1 and 3 where the shield excavator 7 starts and reaches, there are measures to prevent groundwater and earth from flowing into the main tunnel from the surrounding ground when the shield excavator 7 excavates the ground. Protective devices (entrance packing) 13 and 15 are arranged in a ring.

The construction of this construction method is carried out as follows. First, the shield excavator 7 for branching is installed in the main tunnel 1, and its tip is aligned with the inner periphery of the protection device 13 to determine the excavation start position. Next, the shield excavator 7 is advanced in the excavation direction (direction A), and while the outer circumferential surface of the shield excavator 7 and the inner circumferential surface of the protection device 13 are brought into sliding contact, the excavator blade 17 cuts the wall corresponding to the cutting position. Part 9 is cut and destroyed. Then, the excavation of the ground continues. In this case, the segments of the main tunnels 1 and 3 and the segments of the branch tunnel 5 that are not cut by the shield excavator 7 may be conventional segments or segments of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an underground space according to another embodiment, FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are sectional views of the central part thereof. Generally, underground spaces are constructed by excavating from the ground surface, but there are cases where excavation from the ground surface is not possible due to buildings, etc. Furthermore, when constructing a deep underground space, excavating from the ground surface not only increases construction time and costs, but also reduces construction safety due to increased earth pressure and water pressure. Additionally, the disposal of excavated soil poses a social problem as construction pollution.

This embodiment shows a solution to such a case. As shown in Fig. 2, the vertical piles 21 and 23 are constructed at a distance from the location where the underground space is excavated,
The small-section shield excavator 25 is started from the starting pile 21 and excavates the shield tunnel 27-1 to the reaching pile 23 as shown in FIG. At the starting and reaching parts of the shield excavator 25, the surrounding areas are bonded to the vertical piles 21 and 23 using a protective device (entrance packing) to prevent mud and groundwater from flowing into the vertical piles 21 and 23. do.

Next, this small cross-section shield tunnel 27
-1, and while cutting a part of it, excavate the adjacent shield tunnel 27-2. In this way,
Shield tunnels 27-1, 27-2, . . . with small cross sections are constructed one after another. In addition, the shield tunnel 27-1 with a small cross section
, 27-2, . . . use the segment of the present invention. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the shield tunnel 27-1,
27-2, ... demolish the inner surface segment, construct a rigid frame 29 made of RC or steel, and install each shield tunnel 2.
7-1, 27-2, . . . and the vertical piles 21, 23 are excavated to complete the underground space 31. This underground space 31 is excavated after the walls have been completed around it, so it can be carried out using a large excavating machine in the same way as when excavating from the ground, so it is safe and economical. In addition, the Ramen 29 and each shield tunnel 27-1, 27-
Concrete or the like is poured into a portion 33 surrounded by 2, . . . .

[0018] Also, on the walls of the vertical piles 21 and 23, vertical piles for shield construction method (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-17609
3) can also be used to allow the shield excavator to safely and economically launch and reach from within the vertical pile. i.e. carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber,
Or, using molded materials such as rods, plates, L-shapes, T-shapes, grooves, cylinders, square tubes, etc. made by impregnating vinylon with resin, short fibers thereof, or steel fibers. It will be a reinforced concrete structure.

Note that in this embodiment, the shield excavator 25
Although the shield tunneling machine is started from the standing pile 21 and reaches the standing pile 23, it is also possible to start the shield tunneling machine from the side of the tunnel with a large cross section and make it reach the side of the tunnel with a large cross section. At this time, on the wall of the tunnel for departure and arrival,
The segments of the present invention are used in the same way as the vertical piles 21 and 23 described above.

Next, another example of constructing an underground space will be shown. In each of the embodiments described above, a construction method was shown in which the shield tunnel cuts the wall surface of the existing shield tunnel or the wall surface of the vertical pile at almost a right angle, and then proceeds straight ahead to excavate the ground. The shield excavator is launched in a direction diagonal to the wall surface of the shield tunnel using the segments and the vertical pile for shield construction method (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-176093), which has already been applied for.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a tunnel using this construction method.
FIG. 7 is a plan view thereof. A cylindrical standing pile 41 is constructed using a standing pile for shield construction method (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-176093), and a small-section shield excavator (not shown) is launched diagonally to cut a part of the standing pile 41. , a shield tunnel 43 is constructed along its circumference. The segment of the present invention is used on the wall surface of this shield tunnel 43, and after one round of the shield tunnel, the shield tunneling machine is made to go around the outer circumference of the shield tunnel while cutting a part of the already constructed shield tunnel. That is, excavation is performed while moving the shield excavator outward (A1, A2 in the figure).

After constructing a tunnel ring of a predetermined size, the tunnel is excavated while moving the shield excavator downward (B in the figure). Thereafter, excavation is performed while moving the shield excavator inward (C1, C2 in the figure), and the vertical pile 41 is also cut. Next, as in FIG. 5, a rigid frame etc. is constructed and the internal space 47 is excavated to complete the underground space. This underground space is protected by walls built inside the shield tunnel, preventing the inflow of mud and groundwater, so large excavation machines can be used to safely excavate the earth and sand, just as in the case of excavating earth and sand on the surface. It can be excavated quickly and economically.

[0023] In the present embodiment, the tunnel excavating machine with a small cross section is made to dig downward from above, but it is also possible to excavate from below and reach above.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a tunnel junction when two tunnels are connected underground using the present invention. When excavating a long tunnel from both sides using shield tunneling machines, two shield tunneling machines are docked underground. In this case, since there is mud and groundwater in the ground between the fronts of the two shield tunneling machines, the ground in this area must be improved by chemical injection or solidified using a freezing method, and then the mountain tunnel will be constructed. The construction method requires excavating the ground and connecting the two shield tunnels underground.

The present embodiment shows one solution to such a case, and uses the segment of the present invention for a part of the wall of the tunnel 61 excavated by the first shield excavator 63, and Inside, the direction of excavation of tunnel 61 is approximately 90°.
Instead, the first shield excavator 63 is stopped and a part of the tunnel 61 is closed with concrete 65. This concrete 65 may be ordinary concrete or concrete using a foaming agent, or may be made of artificial aggregate such as fired clay, volcanic lapilli and its processed products, expanded slabs, coal shells and its processed products, etc. may be used to facilitate cutting.

Next, the end of the concrete 65 is cut by the second shield excavator 69 which has excavated the tunnel 67 from the other direction, and the tunnel 61 and the tunnel 67 are docked underground.

[0027] By expanding this construction method, it is possible to construct a shield tunnel without providing a vertical shaft. Figure 9
is a sectional view of a joint portion according to the example. First, the shield excavator 71 is installed on the ground surface so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
Excavate vertically (or diagonally downward). Once the tunnel has been dug down to a predetermined depth, the direction of the shield excavator 71 is changed to horizontal, and the main tunnel 73 is constructed. At this time,
The segment of the present invention is used for lining the bend and the sections 75 before and after the bend. Then, the tunnel 79 is docked in the tunnel 73 while excavating a part of the tunnel 73 with another shield excavator 77 that has excavated the tunnel 79.

In order to prevent groundwater from flowing into the tunnel 73 during docking, temporary partition walls 81a and 81b are provided before and after the bent portion of the tunnel 73, and are removed after docking is completed.

[0029] The method of constructing adjacent tunnels while cutting wall segments of existing tunnels can also be used when two tunnels are docked underground in parallel to construct a tunnel with a polycircular cross section. Can be applied. Figure 10 shows
It is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel when it has a polycircular cross section, and a part 93 of the segment constituting the wall of the shield tunnel 91 is made thick, and the segment of the present invention is used in that part. A part 93 of that segment is connected to the shield tunnel 9
Cut with another shield excavator that excavates 5. The segment of the present invention is also used on the wall of the shield tunnel 95,
After the connection, the part was demolished and reinforced with pillar materials.
It will be a shield tunnel with a polycircular cross section. By performing this construction method intermittently between two tunnels, separating them in some sections and connecting them in others, it is possible to construct a tunnel that has the same function as the connecting cross tunnel shown in Figure 1. I can do it.

The method of constructing a tunnel adjacent to an existing tunnel by cutting wall segments can also be applied to the construction of underground railway stations.

FIG. 11 shows an example of this case, in which a main tunnel 103 for a double-track railway 101 is excavated between two vertical piles (not shown) using a shield excavator.
The wall is constructed with segments of the invention. After that, the tunnel 107a for the station or platform 105a, 105b
, 107b are excavated using another shield excavator while partially cutting the wall portion of the main tunnel 103. Once the three-core, polycylindrical cross-section tunnel is completed in this way, the overlapping wall portions of the main tunnel 101 and tunnels 107a and 107b are replaced with pillars to complete the underground station.

[0032] Furthermore, underground stations require connecting tunnels for elevators, escalators, stairs, etc. from the platform to the ground level, but if this connecting tunnel is to be a shield tunnel, the wall of the station tunnel is coated with the invention. Using the segments, a shield tunneling machine can be launched from within this station tunnel to construct a connecting tunnel. Alternatively, if the shield tunneling machine is started from the ground, the above-mentioned connecting tunnel is constructed, and the segments according to the present invention are used at the joints of the main tunnel, it is possible to safely and economically connect the main tunnel and the connecting tunnel. Underground joints can be performed.

[0033]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, ground improvement, wall demolition work, etc. can be omitted, and costs can be reduced, construction period can be shortened, and safety can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a shield construction method using a shield tunnel segment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an underground space according to another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of an underground space according to another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the central part of an underground space according to another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the central part of an underground space according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a tunnel according to another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a tunnel according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a joint portion of tunnels when two tunnels are connected underground.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a joint portion of a tunnel when two tunnels are connected underground.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel with a polycircular cross section.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a tunnel with a polycircular cross section according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 3...Main tunnel 5...branch tunnel 21, 23, 41...vertical shaft 31…………Underground space 61, 67, 73, 79...tunnel

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A segment constituting the wall of a tunnel excavated using a shield excavator, wherein the segment is impregnated with a resin of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or vinylon. Molded materials such as rod-shaped, plate-shaped, L-shaped, T-shaped, groove-shaped, cylindrical, rectangular tube, etc., or their short fibers or steel fibers.
A segment for a shield tunnel characterized by having a concrete structure reinforced using.