JPH0415305A - Piston cylinder device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the speed of a piston at a stable speed and with stable force and to enable automatic reciprocating motion by providing a piston and a base, both of which are magnets or the other thereof is a ferromagnetic body, where the suction force is applied, a switching member for a duct by close adhesion of the piston and the base, a spring for repulsing both of them, and a rapid exhaust valve. CONSTITUTION:A switching member 4 formed by an inlet valve 4a, an exhaust valve 4b and a cylinder valve 4c is supported near the center of a base 3 in such a manner as to move in the axial direction and pressed by an auxiliary spring 10. Either a piston 2 or a base 3 is formed by a magnet, the other is formed by a ferromagnetic body, or both of them are formed by magnets, and suction force is applied between them. A piston 2 is driven by a spring 5 and a rapid exhaust valve 6 provided on the cylinder head chamber 49 side. Thus, the speed and force are stable, the speed of the piston 2 can be controlled, and the repeated reciprocating motion thereof can be automatically performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cylinder device driven by fluid pressure such as air pressure or oil pressure, in which a piston moves reciprocatingly and the fluid control path is automatically switched by the movement of the piston. This invention relates to a cylinder device.

[Prior art]

In a piston cylinder device using conventional air pressure,
To make the piston reciprocate, it is necessary to switch the supply air pressure using a three-way valve for a single-acting cylinder and a four-way or five-way valve for a double-acting cylinder. In both cases, a control signal for the valve was required in addition to the main supply air pressure, and in order to achieve automatic reciprocating motion, it was necessary to add a piston operation confirmation circuit and use this signal to operate the control valve. Conventionally, there was no technology that supplied only air pressure and caused a piston to reciprocate with a single piston-cylinder device. Note that the reciprocating motion referred to here does not include mere vibration.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As mentioned above, in the conventional piston cylinder device, a complicated control mechanism was required to automatically cause reciprocating motion. For example, in the case of air pressure, the pushing force or retraction force is constant by supplying only the main air pressure, and the time interval of reciprocation can be changed arbitrarily by changing the air pressure supply speed. The object of the present invention is to provide an automatically reciprocating piston-cylinder device that can be driven at low pressure.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the main parts of the piston cylinder device of the present invention include a cylinder container, and a cylinder which is movable on the axis of the cylinder container while dividing the cylinder container into two parts, a cylinder head chamber and a cylinder cap chamber. a piston installed internally, a base provided in the cylinder cap chamber, a switching member that switches the path of pressure fluid when the piston comes into close contact with the base, and a switching member that is located between the piston and the base so as to repel the cylinder It consists of a spring housed in the cap chamber and a quick exhaust valve provided on the cylinder head chamber side. Further, the switching member is composed of an air supply valve, an exhaust valve, and a cylinder valve, and each function is such that the piston and the base are in close contact with each other, so that the air supply valve is connected to the intermediate port from the input boat with respect to the path for introducing the supply pressure fluid. The path to the chamber is switched from the input boat to the cylinder cap chamber, the exhaust valve changes the intermediate chamber from closed to open to the atmosphere, and the cylinder valve changes the cylinder cap chamber from open to closed to the atmosphere. do.

Further, either the piston or the base is configured such that one of them is a magnet and the other is a dimagnetic material, or both of the piston and the base are configured of magnets so that an attractive force is exerted between them. Although the base and the switching member can be installed at any suitable position in the cylinder cap chamber, it is particularly effective to install them on the cylinder axis because of the advantages described below.

Further, although an intermediate path connecting the switching member to the quick exhaust valve and a path from each part to the muffler are installed, it is also possible to form an integral structure.

Further, the relative positions of the base and the switching member may be either on the center side in the case of a concentric type, or they may not be concentric.

Furthermore, the positions of the base and the switching member are quite delicate;
Since it is determined mainly from the relationship between the attractive force of the magnetic force, the restoring force of the spring, and the pressure that the piston receives, it is desirable to be able to adjust the relative position as desired. Note that, irrespective of the above, the intake valve, exhaust valve, and cylinder valve may be switched almost simultaneously, or any one of them may be switched some time ago. Further, these three types of valves may be integrated into an integrated switching member, or may be separated types that operate in a series.

Further, since the purpose of the spring is to add a repulsive action to the piston and the base, it is also possible to use a tension spring in the opposite cylinder head chamber.

Further, the rapid exhaust valve may be provided with a speed adjusting valve on each of the inlet side and the discharge side.

Further, the rapid exhaust valve may be of the type described in the embodiments described later, or may be of a type available on the market for boat fishing.

Moreover, the exhaust from the intermediate chamber and the exhaust from the rapid exhaust valve may be combined into one place or may be separated, but it is preferable to discharge them to the atmosphere through a muffler.

Further, the piston rod may be passed through the center of the switching member on the cylinder shaft on the cylinder cap side, or may be provided on both sides.

Alternatively, the base may be an electromagnet, the piston may be a dimagnetic material, and the electromagnet may be energized by the operation of the switching member and deenergized by the return of the switching member or optionally from the outside.

Further, the piston is a free piston, and a hammer member is disposed on the cylinder head chamber side of the cylinder container so that it can reciprocate in the cylinder axial direction while being sealed, and the piston is separated from the base and is moved by the restoring force of the spring. It is also possible to transmit the impact force to the outside by colliding with the hammer member.

Furthermore, since the piston is configured to be able to move on the cylinder axis while dividing the cylinder container into a cylinder head chamber and a cylinder cap chamber and sealing them, in addition to various sealing means, a bellows or a diaphragm can also be used. . At this time, a bellows or a diaphragm can substitute for the action of a spring, and the bellows can be located in either the cylinder head chamber or the cylinder cap chamber.

Furthermore, as the pressure fluid, in addition to air and oil, any fluid that can transmit pressure can be used.

[For production]

In the screw cylinder device configured as described above, during normal startup, the piston is placed on the cylinder head side by the spring, and the switching member is configured so that the exhaust valve is closed, the air supply valve is connected to the intermediate chamber, and the cylinder valve is opened. is in a state of

For example, in the case of pneumatics, the supply air passes through the intermediate chamber and enters the cylinder head chamber via a quick exhaust valve, pushing up the piston against the spring. At this time, a magnetic force acts between the piston and the base, and when the distance between the piston and the base is sufficient to cause attraction, the piston and the base attract each other against the restoring force of the spring. At this time, the switching member is activated, and the intermediate chamber is first opened to the atmosphere by the atmosphere of the exhaust valve, and the rapid exhaust valve is activated, and the air in the cylinder head chamber is exhausted through the rapid exhaust valve. Ru. On the other hand, as the air supply valve operates at about the same time, the supply air passes through the air supply valve and enters the cylinder cap chamber, but by this time the cylinder valve is in the atmosphere and the cylinder cap chamber is sealed. Therefore, this pressure and the restoring force of the spring try to push the piston down. This causes the force on the piston to become unbalanced and the piston to be separated from the base. Even if the piston leaves the base, the cylinder valve remains closed until the piston is no longer returned to its original position due to magnetic force. When the piston gains momentum due to the restoring force of the spring and sufficiently separates from the base, the switching member returns and the cylinder valve opens to replenish the insufficient air in the cylinder cap chamber from the exhaust chamber. Then, both the air supply valve and the exhaust valve return to normal. In addition, in the cylinder head chamber, until the quick exhaust valve returns,
The piston moves toward the cylinder head in response to the resistance of the exhaust system and returns to the starting state. The above cycle is repeated depending on the supply speed of supply air and the exhaust speed of each part.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, the following effects are produced as effects of the present invention.

To provide a piston cylinder device that automatically reciprocates when only pressure fluid is supplied because a switching member automatically switches between primary pressure fluid and exhaust. Since the operation of the piston is mainly based on the restoring force of the spring, its speed and force are always stable, and the speed can be adjusted by changing the exhaust resistance. Furthermore, the movement of the piston can be controlled by closing the primary pressure supply based on the operating signal of the switching member and opening it based on another signal.

In addition, in conventional single-acting cylinders, when supplying pressure fluid to operate the piston, it was necessary to add the pressure required for operation and the amount required to compress the spring.
The device according to the present invention mainly relies on the restoring force of the spring for the force required for operation, and the air pressure that supplies the force necessary for return, so the supply pressure of pressurized fluid during operation can be lower than that of the conventional type. Therefore, the corresponding amount of labor and energy is saved.

Also, in the free piston type without a piston rod,
It can also be used as an intermittent vibrator by utilizing the impact when the piston is pushed down and collides with the hammer member.

Furthermore, since the rapid exhaust valve is built into the main body and the exhaust resistance can be reduced, rapid movement is possible and a simple quick return mechanism is possible.

〔Example〕

The embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 (
A) represents a state in which the piston 2 is being pushed up from the start, and FIG. 1(B) representatively shows a state in which the piston 2 is attracted to the base 3 and is about to separate from it.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1(A), the cylinder container 1 is divided into a cylinder head chamber 49 and a cylinder cap chamber 8, which are internally arranged so as to be movable on the cylinder axis while being sealed. A piston 2, a base 3 provided in the cylinder cap chamber 8, and the piston 2.
a switching member 4 that switches the path of pressure fluid by coming into close contact with the base 3; a spring 5 disposed between the piston 2 and the base 3 and housed in the cylinder cap chamber 8 so as to be repulsive; and the cylinder head. In a piston cylinder device comprising a quick exhaust valve 6 provided on the side of a chamber 49, the switching member 4 is supported near the center of the base 3 so as to be movable in the cylinder axial direction, and is composed of an air supply valve 4a, an exhaust valve 4b1 and a cylinder valve 4C formed by a through hole, which is pushed toward the cylinder head by an auxiliary spring 10. Also, piston 2 or base 3
One of them is made of a magnet and the other is made of a dimagnetic material, or both of the above are made of a magnet so that an attractive force is exerted between them. The cylinder head chamber 49 is connected to the quick exhaust valve 6 and connected to the switching member 4 via an intermediate path 16. The buffer spring 14 is used to buffer the piston 2, and various other methods may be used. A part of the fixing bolt 15 is omitted, and parts not explained are also omitted from numbering. The piston 2 is provided with various sealing means.

For example, in addition to the O-ring 19, the piston ring 20, and a part of the piston 2 (not shown), a magnetic fluid is attached to the labyrinth 21 as a permanent magnet, the cylinder container 1 is made of a dimagnetic material, and a magnetic field is generated between the two. A seal can also be created by forming a fluid film. The space between the piston rod 7 and the end cover 13 is similarly sealed.

With the above configuration, the supplied air regulated by the throttle valve 18 in FIG.
The piston 2 is pushed up in the cylinder head chamber 49 by following arrows 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d1 and 51e. On the other hand, the air in the cylinder cap chamber 8 is
The air is exhausted from the muffler 12 via 2a and 52b.

Next, moving to FIG. 1(B), when the piston 2 comes near the base 3, the two are attracted by magnetic force. At this time, the switching member 4 is actuated, first the cylinder valve 4C is closed, and then the air in the intermediate path 16 is exhausted from the exhaust valve 4b as shown by arrows 53a and 53b, and this pressure change causes the valve 6a of the rapid exhaust valve 6 to be exhausted.
is activated and the air in the cylinder head chamber 49 flows as shown by the arrow 54a.
, 54b, the air is exhausted through the muffler 12. Habo,
At the same time, the air supplied by the air supply valve 4a is supplied by arrows 51a and 55.
It enters the cylinder cap chamber 8 through a and tries to push down the piston 2. When the attraction force due to the magnetic force acting between the piston 2 and the base 3 is exceeded, the two are separated and the piston 2 is moved toward the cylinder head side at once by the restoring force of the spring 5. When the piston 2 separates from the base 3, the switching member 4 returns to its initial state, and air is supplied to the cylinder cap chamber from the exhaust chamber 11 through the cylinder valve 4c.

As long as the supply of air continues, the above cycle is repeated [Another Embodiment] FIG.
A cylinder valve seat 22 is adjustably mounted on the exhaust chamber 11 side using a fixture 23 and positioned using a spring 30. This allows delicate adjustment of the switching member 4 from the outside.

Furthermore, although only the concept of control is shown and detailed explanation is omitted,
Operation signal 4 of switching member 4 by limit switch 46 etc.
7 to the electromagnetic valve 48 to turn on and off the supply air, it becomes possible to control the operation of the cylinder device as desired.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a modification of the quick exhaust valve used in the present invention, and in particular, shows only the cylinder head side with a structure in which the quick exhaust valve is integrated. An exhaust member 23 is sandwiched between the cylinder container 1 and the end cover 13, and a ring-shaped valve 24
is arranged so as to be in close contact with the exhaust member 23 or to be freely openable. Further, the center side of the ring-shaped valve 24 is formed into a lip shape from a flexible material. Note that fixing devices for each part are omitted. FIG. 3(A) shows the state at the time of starting, and since the gap between the piston rod 7 and the lip portion 61 of the ring-shaped valve 24 is narrow, air from the intermediate path 16 flows through the ring-shaped valve 24. The flow enters the cylinder head chamber 49 in the direction of the arrow 56a156b so as to seal it up, pushing up the piston 2. Therefore, the piston rod 7 moves in the direction of the arrow 31 to promote the movement of the ring-shaped valve 24. The fine hole 25 and the adjustment screw 26 are an example of measures to prevent a shock when the piston 2 returns.

Further, FIG. 3(B) shows the state of the rapid exhaust valve of FIG. 3(A) when the piston 2 returns. That is, the air in the intermediate path 16 is exhausted in the direction of the arrow 57a by an exhaust valve (not shown), so the ring-shaped valve 24 is activated, the air in the cylinder head chamber 49 is exhausted in the direction of the arrow 57b, and the silencer 12 is also exhausted all at once. is released. Meanwhile, the ring-shaped valve 24
The piston rod 7 is deformed as shown in the figure using the outer circumference as a fulcrum, and the piston rod 7 also moves in the direction of the arrow 32.

FIG. 4 partially shows another embodiment of the quick exhaust valve used in the present invention. The ring-shaped valve 27 has a valve hole 28, and is formed so that there is a slight gap 62 between the ring-shaped valve 27 and the piston rod 7 so that a slight contact or frictional resistance such as lubricating oil acts. The operation is the same as that shown in FIG. 3(A), so a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the piston 2 does not have a piston rod, and a hammer member 29 is arranged on the cylinder head side so as to be slidable while being sealed. It shows. The bracket 63 indicated by the chain double-dashed line is an example of a vibration transmission member on the other side, and the fixing method is omitted.

Furthermore, FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the piston 2 and the bellows 34, which divide the cylinder container 1 into a cylinder head chamber 49 and a cylinder cap chamber 8, are integrally formed. An example in which the device is installed on the cap chamber 8 side is shown. The operation is the same as that in FIG. 1(A), so a description thereof will be omitted.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a piston cylinder device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view including a switching member according to another embodiment, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are rapid exhaust exhaust according to other embodiments. FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of a piston cylinder device according to another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of a piston cylinder device according to another embodiment.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder container (1), and a cylinder head chamber (49) and a cylinder cap chamber (49) in the cylinder container (1).
8) a piston (2) that is internally arranged so as to be movable on the cylinder axis while being divided into two parts, and a base (3) provided in the cylinder cap chamber (8); A switching member (4) that switches the path of pressure fluid by coming into close contact with the base (3), and a switching member (4) that is installed in the cylinder cap chamber (8) so as to be repulsive between the piston (2) and the base (3). Spring (5
) and a quick exhaust valve (6) provided on the side of the cylinder head chamber (49), one of the piston (2) or the base (3) is made of a magnet and the other is made of a dimagnetic material, or both of the above are provided. A piston cylinder device characterized in that both of the two are constructed with magnets so that an attractive force is exerted between the two. 2. The magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet is an electromagnet, which is energized by the operation of the switching member (4) and deenergized by the return of the switching member (4) or optionally from the outside. Piston cylinder device. 3. The piston (2) is a free piston, and a hammer member (29) is arranged on the cylinder head chamber (49) side of the cylinder container (1) so as to be able to reciprocate in the cylinder axial direction while sealing the piston (2). (2) is the base (3
3. The piston-cylinder device according to claim 1, wherein the piston-cylinder device separates from the spring (5) and collides with the hammer member (29) by the restoring force of the spring (5) to transmit the impact force to the outside.