JP7537288B2 - Adjustment force activation control device and adjustment force activation control method - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to an adjustment power activation control device and an adjustment power activation control method that calculates the respective control target values of multiple energy resources in response to an adjustment power activation command.

In recent years, the introduction of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, which are difficult to adjust the output of, is progressing, and the proportion of adjustable power sources such as thermal power is expected to decrease in the future. To compensate for this, a system is being created that utilizes multiple distributed energy resources to provide adjustment power.

Adjustment capacity is a general term for, for example, the ability to balance supply and demand (the ability to supply power when demand is greater than supply, or the ability to consume (absorb) power when supply is greater than demand), and the ability to adjust the frequency of electricity (the ability to supply power when the frequency is lower than a reference frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) to bring the frequency closer to the reference frequency, or to consume (absorb) power when the frequency is higher than the reference frequency).

For example, an aggregator (adjustment capacity provider) operates an energy resource aggregation business (ERAB) that utilizes multiple energy resources (power generation facilities, storage facilities, load facilities, VPPs (Virtual Power Plants), etc.) owned by consumers, power generation companies, electricity retailers, etc., to have each energy resource provide adjustment capacity in response to an order to activate adjustment capacity.

As an apparatus for controlling the provision of adjustment power using multiple energy resources, Patent Document 1 describes an adjustment power activation control device that issues a control command to an energy resource according to the difference between the actual value and the planned value of the adjustment power provided by the energy resource.

JP 2019-67286 A

However, in such conventional adjustment power activation control devices, when an energy resource is in the middle of responding to the activation target value, if a control command corresponding to the difference between the planned value and the actual value is given to the energy resource, there is a risk that the response of the energy resource will overshoot.

The present disclosure has been made to solve the problems described above, and aims to provide an adjustment power activation control device and adjustment power activation control method that can calculate the control target values of multiple energy resources in response to an adjustment power activation command and that is less likely to cause overshoot in the response of the energy resources.

The adjustment power activation control device of the present disclosure includes a control target value calculation unit that calculates a control target value to be notified to an administrator or management system of each energy resource of a controlled group, which is a combination of multiple energy resources, in response to a command to activate the adjustment power; a model response amount calculation unit that calculates a model response amount, which is an estimated response amount of the controlled group to the notification, using a model that imitates the past response amount of the controlled group with respect to the elapsed time since the time when the activation command for the controlled group was issued ; an actual response amount acquisition unit that acquires an actual response amount , which is the actual response amount of the controlled group to the notification; a control target value recalculation unit that calculates a new control target value to be notified to an administrator or management system of at least one of the energy resources of the controlled group and an energy resource other than the controlled group; and an output unit that outputs the control target values calculated by the control target value calculation unit and the control target value recalculation unit for notification, and the control target value recalculation unit calculates the new control target value by adding the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount to the control target value of each energy resource of the controlled group.

The adjustment power activation control method of the present disclosure includes the steps of: calculating a control target value to be notified to an administrator or management system of each energy resource of a controlled group, which is a combination of multiple energy resources, in response to a command to activate the adjustment power; calculating a model response amount, which is an estimated response amount of the controlled group to the notification, using a model that mimics the past response amount of the controlled group with respect to the elapsed time since the time when the activation command for the controlled group was issued; acquiring an actual response amount, which is the actual response amount of the controlled group to the notification , and a control target value recalculation unit adding the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount to the control target value of each energy resource of the controlled group, respectively, to calculate a new control target value to be notified to an administrator or management system of at least one of the energy resources of the controlled group and an energy resource other than the controlled group; and outputting the control target value for notification.

The adjustment power activation control device and adjustment power activation control method disclosed herein can calculate the control target values of multiple energy resources in response to an adjustment power activation command, and is less likely to cause overshoot in the response of the energy resources.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an adjustment power exercise control system according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an ERAB according to the first embodiment. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method for creating a group responsive model according to the first embodiment; FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating the processing of an adjustment power activation control device 1 according to the first embodiment. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the processing of the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to the second embodiment.

Embodiment 1.
1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an adjustment power activation control system according to the present embodiment. In the adjustment power activation control system of the present embodiment 1, an adjustment power activation control device 1 is connected to a plurality of management systems 7 via a communication network 9. Power generation facilities, power storage facilities, load facilities, and the like are connected as energy resources 8 to each interconnection point 8a and below of a system 8b.

In the following, an example will be described in which each interconnection point 8a is a consumer's power receiving point, and each energy resource 8 is a consumer-side energy resource including load equipment and power storage equipment. The consumer-side energy resource 8 may include power generation equipment in addition to load equipment and power storage equipment. Between the power receiving point 8a and the consumer-side energy resource 8, an energy meter 8c is provided that measures the amount of grid power used by the energy resource 8. This energy meter 8c can be, for example, a smart meter that measures the amount of power used at the power receiving point 8a at predetermined time intervals (e.g., 30 minutes) and transmits the measurement results to a system power usage billing system. The consumer system 6 is composed of the consumer-side energy resource 8 and a management system 7 that controls the energy resource 8.

The adjustment force activation control device 1 has an input unit 10, a receiving unit 2, a calculation processing unit 3, a transmission unit 4, a storage unit 5, and an output unit 12. The output unit 12 is configured to include a transmission unit 4 and a display unit 11. The adjustment force activation control device 1 can be configured by a general-purpose computer system, and for example, the receiving unit 2 and the transmission unit 4 can be a communication adapter that enables communication with the Internet, the storage unit 5 can be a storage device such as a hard disk drive, the calculation processing unit 3 can be a central processing unit (CPU) that can read and operate a computer program stored in the storage unit 5, the input unit 10 can be an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse, and the display unit 11 can be a display device. It goes without saying that the adjustment force activation control device 1 can be configured by something other than a general-purpose computer, such as configuring the calculation processing unit 3 with a dedicated hardwired circuit or logic circuit, or building the calculation processing unit 3 on cloud computing.

The calculation processing unit 3 has a control target value calculation unit 3a, an actual response amount acquisition unit 3b, a response model creation unit 3c, a model response amount calculation unit 3d, and a control target value recalculation unit 3e. Each of these units of the calculation processing unit 3 can be incorporated as an individual object in a computer program, for example.

The receiver 2 receives the adjustment power activation command transmitted from the upper system via the communication network 9. The upper system is, for example, a system of a power generation company, a retail electricity company, a general electricity transmission and distribution company, etc. This adjustment power activation command is, for example, a power generation command issued by a power generation company to procure power generation (including reverse flow), a demand response command issued by a retail electricity company to procure a demand suppression amount to achieve the planned simultaneous equal amount, and a demand response command issued by a general electricity transmission and distribution company to procure a demand suppression amount for supply and demand adjustment. This adjustment power activation command may be directly input to the input unit 10 instead of being received by the receiver 2. For example, this adjustment power activation control device 1 is used by an aggregator that performs an energy resource aggregation business (ERAB) that procures adjustment power according to such an adjustment power activation command by utilizing multiple energy resources.

Figure 2 is a relationship diagram showing the relationship between the electricity transmission and distribution business operator, the aggregator, and the consumer in the ERAB according to this embodiment. The aggregator's business is to collect adjustment power from virtual power plants and demand response, and provide it to the electricity transmission and distribution business operator. The electricity transmission and distribution business operator instructs the aggregator on the activation command value of the adjustment power to be activated, and the aggregator instructs the consumer who has made a contract in advance on the control target value, etc., in order to collect the instructed adjustment power.

The adjustment power activation command received by the receiver 2 includes a set of information on the target amount of power to be provided to the grid 8b, the activation command value (kW), the time to start providing power of the activation command value (hereinafter referred to as the activation start time), and the time to end providing power of the activation command value (hereinafter referred to as the activation end time). The activation end time may be indicated as the duration from the activation start time. This activation command value may be achieved by providing generated power from the power generation facility to the grid 8b, or by providing negawatts or posiwatts by suppressing demand for grid power.

The amount of power supplied by negawatts is calculated from the time-averaged power (kW) of the grid power usage at the receiving point 8a for each predetermined time interval (e.g., 30 minutes) and the baseline (kW). The grid power usage at the receiving point 8a can be measured by a watt meter 8c installed between the receiving point 8a and the energy resource 8.

The baseline is the expected power usage at the power receiving point 8a in the event that no adjustment power is activated. The baseline value or the calculation method thereof is determined in advance, for example, through prior consultation between the aggregator and the consumer. This baseline value or the calculation method thereof is stored in advance in the memory unit 5 of the adjustment power activation control device 1.

The calculation processing unit 3 of the adjustment power activation control device 1 may be provided with a baseline creation unit (not shown), and the baseline creation unit may automatically create a baseline to be stored in the memory unit 5. For example, the baseline creation unit may receive and store the measurement values of the grid power usage at the receiving point 8a when the adjustment power is not activated from the power meter 8c, classify the stored grid power usage by conditions such as weather, temperature, calendar information (information such as day of the week and holidays), and time at the time of each measurement, and create the time average value of the grid power usage for each classification as a baseline.

The aggregator has already concluded a contract to pay a price to the consumer, who is the contract holder of each receiving point, according to the amount of power supplied to that receiving point. This price is paid, for example, according to the amount of power supplied multiplied by the adjustment power unit price (price per kWh). The memory unit 5 of the adjustment power activation control device 1 stores in advance contract information for such a contract, such as the period during which adjustment power can be activated for each energy resource 8, the specific number of the interconnection point 8a that is the supply target point, the available power, and the adjustment power unit price.

In FIG. 1, the control target value calculation unit 3a determines a control target group, which is a combination of multiple energy resources 8, in response to the adjustment power activation command received by the receiving unit 2, and calculates a control target value to be notified to the manager or management system 7 of each energy resource 8 in the determined control target group.

In the following, the reference time from which the adjustment force activation control device 1 calculates the elapsed time from the adjustment force activation command is referred to as the activation command time, but this activation command time may be the time when the receiver 2 receives the adjustment force activation command, or the time when the control target value calculation unit 3a described below calculates or notifies the control target value, or it may be the time of various events or operations that occur in the vicinity of that time. Alternatively, the activation command time may be the activation start time included in the adjustment force activation command. In the following, an example will be explained in which the activation command time is the time when the receiver 2 receives the adjustment force activation command.

The control target value calculation unit 3a performs a calculation to allocate the activation command value in the adjustment power activation command received by the receiving unit 2 as a control target value to the multiple energy resources 8. In detail, the control target value calculation unit 3a determines a control target group, which is a combination of multiple energy resources 8, from the multiple energy resources 8 whose contract information is stored in the storage unit 5 based on the contract information and a predetermined allocation method, and performs a calculation to allocate the activation command value in the adjustment power activation command received by the receiving unit 2 to each energy resource 8 of the control target group.

Each control target value calculated by the control target value calculation unit 3a in this manner is notified to the management system 7 that controls the energy resource 8 to which it is allocated, together with information specifying the control start time and control end time of the control target value, from the transmission unit 4 via the communication network 9. Note that these control start times and control end times may be different from the activation start time and activation end time specified by the adjustment power activation command, and the period between the activation start time and activation end time may be divided into multiple periods, and the activation command value may be allocated to each energy resource 8 for each period.

Note that, although the control target value is the target power value to be provided to the grid 8b, the control target value may be a value converted into other parameters necessary to achieve the target power value. For example, the control target value may be a grid usage power value including a baseline.

Methods for allocating the activation command value to each energy resource 8 include, for example, allocating the activation command value in equal proportions based on the amount of adjustment power that each energy resource 8 can provide, or allocating the activation command value in order starting from the energy resource 8 with the cheapest unit price of adjustment power (unit price per kWh).

When the management system 7 is notified of the control target value, the control start time, and the control end time from the transmission unit 4, it automatically or manually controls the energy resource 8 that is the control target of the management system 7 so that the energy resource 8 supplies the power specified by the control target value to the grid 8b during the period from the control start time to the control end time. This supplied power is, for example, negawatts.

In the case of manual control, for example, the management system 7 displays the notified control target values, control start time, and control end time on a display device (not shown), and the manager of the energy resource 8, upon seeing the display, makes various settings in the management system 7 to achieve the control target values, control start time, and control end time.

Here, the transmission unit 4 transmits the control target value, control start time, and control end time to the management system 7, but these control target values, etc. may be displayed on the display unit 11, and the aggregator's staff member who sees the display may communicate the control target values, etc. to the manager of the energy resource 8 by other means such as a telephone, so that the manager of the energy resource 8 can make various settings in the management system 7 according to the control target values, etc.

The actual response amount acquisition unit 3b of the adjustment power activation control device 1 acquires the total value of the actual response amounts of each energy resource 8 to which the activation command value included in the adjustment power activation command is allocated as the actual response amount of the entire controlled group at any timing between the activation command time and the activation end time (hereinafter referred to as the response amount acquisition timing). Here, an example is described in which the acquired response amount is the power value (kW) provided to the grid 8b, but it may be other parameters that correlate with the power value. Below, an example is described in which each energy resource 8 provides negawatts to the grid 8b, but all or any of the energy resources 8 may provide other types of power such as posiwatts.

In more detail, for example, the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b acquires the amount of grid power usage of each energy resource 8 for the most recent minute from the activation command time, with each minute being the response amount acquisition timing, from the power meter 8c at each response amount acquisition timing. This amount of grid power usage for the most recent minute may be measured by the power meter 8c and transmitted to the adjustment power activation control device 1 via a wireless network (not shown, for example, a wireless network for the power meter 8c to communicate with a billing processing system for grid power usage fees), or the management system 7 may acquire it from the power meter 8c and transmit it to the receiving unit 2 via the communication network 9. Alternatively, the management system 7 may independently measure the amount of grid power usage and transmit it to the receiving unit 2 via the communication network 9.

The actual response amount acquisition unit 3b calculates the power value (kW) provided by each energy resource 8 to the grid 8b at the response amount acquisition timing by taking a time average of the system power usage (kWh) for the most recent minute of each energy resource 8 received in this manner. The actual response amount acquisition unit 3b further calculates the value obtained by subtracting the baseline (kW) of each energy resource 8 from the power value (kW) provided by each energy resource 8 calculated in this manner as the actual response amount of that energy resource 8.

In this way, the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b calculates the actual response amount (kW) of each energy resource 8 at each response amount acquisition timing, and acquires the sum of the calculated actual response amounts of each energy resource 8 as the actual response amount of the entire control target group.

The model response amount calculation unit 3d estimates the amount of response of the entire control target group at each response amount acquisition timing using a model that mimics the time response of the entire control target group (hereinafter referred to as the group response model). The group response model is generated in advance by the response model creation unit 3c and stored in the storage unit 5. For example, the group response model is a model that identifies the correlation between the elapsed time from the activation command time and the response amount of the past performance of the entire control target group, and when the elapsed time from the activation command time is input, the estimated amount of response of the entire control target group at that timing is calculated as the model response amount.

This group response model may be a model that uses the activation command value as an input value in addition to the time elapsed since the activation command time, and identifies the correlation between the combination of the elapsed time and the activation command value and the response amount of the past performance of the entire controlled group. In this case, when the activation command time and the activation command value are input into the group response model, the estimated response amount of the entire controlled group at that timing is calculated as the model response amount.

In addition, this group response model may be a model that identifies a correlation with the response amount of the past performance of the entire controlled group using as input conditions such as the time elapsed from the activation command time and the activation command value, as well as the activation command time, weather, temperature, and day of the week (weekday, Saturday, Sunday, and public holiday) at the activation command time.

The control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates the difference between the actual response amount of the entire control target group acquired by the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b and the model response amount of the entire control target group calculated by the model response amount calculation unit, and calculates a new control target value to be notified to at least one of the energy resources 8 of the control target group according to the difference.

For example, when the actual response amount of the entire control target group acquired by the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b is smaller than the model response amount calculated by the model response amount calculation unit, the control target value recalculation unit 3e determines the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount as the response amount that is insufficient to achieve the adjustment power activation command, and reallocates the difference to each energy resource 8 of the control target group. Then, the control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates a new control target value by adding the reallocated value to the most recent control target value notified to each energy resource 8 in the past (here, the control target value calculated by the control target value calculation unit).

The new control target value calculated by the control target value recalculation unit 3e is notified to the manager of the energy resource 8 to be controlled or the management system 7, in the same manner as the control target value calculated by the control target value calculation unit 3a.

Note that here, the control target value recalculation unit 3e reallocates the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount to each energy resource 8 of the control target group, but it may also be set as a new control target value for an energy resource 8 different from the control target group, and notified to the administrator of the energy resource 8 or the management system 7.

The series of processes of calculating such new control target values and notifying the control target values by the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b, the model response amount calculation unit 3d, and the control target value recalculation unit 3e are repeated at the above-mentioned response amount acquisition timing (e.g., every minute). It is preferable that such a response amount acquisition timing be a timing when any of the multiple energy resources 8 of the control target group is in the middle of a transient response toward the control target value, since this enables more precise control.

The responsive model creation unit 3c shown in FIG. 1 creates a responsive model that the model responsive amount calculation unit 3d uses as a group responsive model, and stores it in the storage unit 5. Below, an example of how the responsive model creation unit 3c creates a group responsive model is described.

The responsive model creation unit 3c creates one responsive model for each energy resource 8, and each time a control target group is determined, creates a group responsive model by combining the responsive models of each energy resource 8 included in the control target group, and stores the created group responsive model in the storage unit 5. Alternatively, the responsive model creation unit 3c creates in advance a group responsive model corresponding to the control target group including all energy resources 8 contracted by the aggregator, and stores the created group responsive model in the storage unit 5.

A more detailed example of a method for creating a group response model in the response model creation unit 3c will be given. First, the memory unit 5 stores the actual response amount of the entire control target group in response to past activation command values as data for creating a response model. This data for creating a response model may be manually input by the user to the input unit 10, or may be the actual response amount of the entire control target group acquired by the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b in response to past activation command values and stored in the memory unit 5.

In the data for creating a response model, the activation command value, the time elapsed since the activation command time, and the actual response amount of the entire control target group at that elapsed time are related to each other as a single piece of performance data. The data for creating a response model contains a large number of such performance data.

The response model creation unit 3c reads this response model creation data and identifies characteristics such as dead time, time constant, and gain in the relationship between the elapsed time from the activation command time and the actual response amount of the entire control target group.

Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method for creating a group responsive model in the responsive model creation unit 3c. In the graph in Figure 3, the horizontal axis represents the time elapsed from the activation command time, and the vertical axis represents the actual amount of responsiveness for the entire control target group. The responsive model creation unit 3c classifies the data for creating the responsive model by activation command value, and for each classification, plots each piece of actual data included in the data for creating the responsive model as shown by a circle in the graph in Figure 3. Figure 3 illustrates an example of a graph corresponding to one activation command value.

The response model creation unit 3c identifies characteristic values (hereinafter referred to as characteristic data) such as dead time, time constant, and gain that fit the group of plots consisting of the multiple plots. The least squares method can be used to find such fitting characteristic data.

The response model creation unit 3c creates a group response model for each activation command value, which is a model of a first-order lag + dead time system for the activation command value, and by substituting the characteristic values obtained as described above, a group response model is created for each activation command value, in which the elapsed time from the activation command time is used as input and the estimated amount of response of the entire control target group is used as output.

In Figure 3, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the activation command value (kW), so only data for creating a response model for the same activation command value can be plotted. However, to plot data for creating a response model with different activation command values in a single graph in Figure 3, the vertical axis may represent the percentage of the actual response amount of the entire control target group relative to the activation command value.

The data for creating the responsive model may also include attributes such as the weather, temperature, day of the week (weekdays, Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays), and time at the time of the activation command, and the data for creating the responsive model may also be classified by these attributes, and a group responsive model may be created for each classification. The responsive model creation unit 3c may also create a machine learning model such as a neural network as a group responsive model using the above-mentioned inputs and outputs as teacher signals.

Figure 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing by the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to this embodiment. The processing by the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to this embodiment will be explained using Figure 4.

In step S101, at 12:55, the receiver 2 receives an adjustment power activation command from a higher-level system such as a simple command system. Here, it is assumed that this adjustment power activation command specifies an increase in adjustment power of 100 kW as the activation command value, 13:00 as the activation start time, and 13:30 as the activation end time. In other words, it is assumed that an increase in adjustment power of 100 kW is instructed to be activated between 13:00 and 13:30. This received adjustment power activation command is stored in the memory unit 5. In addition, 12:55 is stored in the memory unit 5 as the activation command time of the adjustment power activation command.

In step S102, the control target value calculation unit 3a performs a calculation to allocate the activation command value received by the receiving unit 2 as a control target value to each energy resource 8 of the control target group. Here, it is assumed that the three energy resources 81 to 83 shown in FIG. 1 are the control target group, and the adjustment power that energy resource 81 can provide is 100 kW, the adjustment power that energy resource 8b can provide is 60 kW, and the adjustment power that energy resource 83 can provide is 40 kW. If the allocation method of the control target value calculation unit 3a is to allocate the adjustment power that each energy resource 8 can provide in equal proportions, the control target value calculation unit 3a allocates a control target value of 50 kW to energy resource 81, a control target value of 30 kW to energy resource 8b, and a control target value of 20 kW to energy resource 83.

In step S103, the control target value calculation unit 3a notifies the manager or management system 7 of each of the energy resources 81 to 83 of the control target value allocated to that energy resource. For example, the control target value calculation unit 3a displays on the display unit 11 the contact information for the manager of the energy resource 81, the control target value of 50 kW allocated to the energy resource 81, the control start time of the control target value, and the control end time of the control target value, and urges the aggregator to notify the manager of the energy resource 81 of an instruction to start the control. Alternatively, the control target value calculation unit 3a notifies the management system 7 that manages the energy resource 81 of the control target value, the control start time, and the control end time via the transmission unit 4 and the communication network 9 (e.g., the Internet). Here, the control target value calculation unit 3a notifies the management system 7 that manages each of the energy resources 81 to 83 of the control target value, the control start time, and the control end time.

Steps S102 and S103 are performed immediately after step S101. Here, since the receiver 2 receives the adjustment power activation command at 12:55, it is assumed that at 12:56 the management system 7 that manages each of the energy resources 81 to 83 receives the respective control target values, control start times, and control end times.

In step S104, the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b acquires the grid power usage of each of the energy resources 81 to 83 from the power meter 8c at the power receiving point 8a of each of the energy resources 81 to 83 at a predetermined timing after the control start time. The actual response amount acquisition unit 3b then performs an approximate conversion of the grid power usage (KWh) of each of the energy resources 81 to 83 to a power usage value (KW) at that timing by time averaging or the like, and calculates the difference between the baseline and the approximated power usage value (KW) for each of the energy resources 81 to 83 as the actual response amount.

Here, the baseline of energy resource 81 is 120 kW, the baseline of energy resource 82 is 80 kW, and the baseline of energy resource 83 is 50 kW. Also, at the relevant timing (for example, 12:57), the power usage value at the power receiving point 8a of energy resource 81 is 90 kW, the power usage value at the power receiving point 8a of energy resource 82 is 60 kW, and the power usage value at the power receiving point 8a of energy resource 83 is 40 kW. Then, the actual response amounts of each of energy resources 81 to 83 at 12:57 are calculated as follows: 120 kW - 90 kW = 30 kW for energy resource 81, 80 kW - 20 kW = 20 kW for energy resource 82, and 50 kW - 40 kW = 10 kW for energy resource 83. From these values, the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b calculates the actual response amount of the entire control target group at 12:57 as 30 kW + 20 kW + 10 kW = 60 kW.

In step S105, the control target value recalculation unit 3e determines whether the activation end time has passed. If the activation end time has passed, the process ends, and if not, the process of steps S106 to S110 described below is executed. In this example, the activation end time is 13:30, and since it was 12:57 in step S104, in step S105 it is determined that the activation end time has not passed, and the process proceeds to step S106.

In step S106, the model response amount calculation unit 3d checks whether a group response model corresponding to the current controlled group and activation command value is stored in the memory unit 5. If such a group response model is stored in the memory unit 5, the process proceeds to step 107; if not, the response model creation unit 3c creates such a group response model and stores it in the memory unit 5. Here, the response model creation unit 3c creates a group response model that receives the activation command value and the elapsed time from the activation command time as input, and outputs an estimated response amount for the entire controlled group.

In step S107, the model response amount calculation unit 3d reads out from the storage unit 5 the group response model corresponding to the current controlled group and activation command value, and inputs the activation command value and the elapsed time from the activation command time into the read group response model, thereby outputting the model response amount, which is the estimated response amount of the entire controlled group. Here, the elapsed time input into the group response model is 2 minutes, which is the difference between 12:57, the timing when the actual response amount was obtained in step S104, and 12:55, the activation command time. Here, the model response amount calculation unit 3d calculates the model response amount of the entire controlled group at 12:57 to be 70 kW.

In step S108, the control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates a response difference value, which is the difference between the model response amount calculated by the model response amount calculation unit 3d and the actual response amount calculated by the actual response amount acquisition unit. Here, the control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates a response difference value, which is the difference between the model response amount of the entire control target group at 12:57 of 70 kW and the actual response amount of the entire control target group at 12:57 of 60 kW, to be 10 kW. As a result, it is determined that the rise in the supply power is insufficient by 10 kW compared to control in response to a similar adjustment power activation command in the past.

In step S109, the control target value recalculation unit 3e corrects the control target value of each energy resource by allocating the calculated response differential value to each energy resource 81-83 of the control target group. Here, the adjustment capacity that can be provided by each of the energy resources 81-83 is 100 kW for energy resource 81, 60 kW for energy resource 82, and 40 kW for energy resource 83. The control target value recalculation unit 3e allocates the response differential value of 10 kW in equal proportions to the adjustment capacity that can be provided by each of the energy resources 81-83, allocating 5 kW to energy resource 81, 3 kW to energy resource 82, and 2 kW to energy resource 83. As a result, the control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates the new control target values of each of the energy resources 81 to 83 by combining them with the previous control target values, and calculates energy resource 81 as 50kW + 5kW = 55kW, energy resource 82 as 30kW + 3kW = 33kW, and energy resource 83 as 20kW + 2kW = 22kW.

In step S110, the control target value recalculation unit 3e notifies each of the energy resources 81 to 83 of the new calculated control target values in the same manner as the control target value calculation unit 3a did. At this time, the control target value recalculation unit 3e may notify a new control start time and a new control end time together with the new control target values. After this, the process returns to step S104, and the processes of steps S106 to S110 are repeated until an end determination is made in step S105.

The adjustment power activation control device 1 according to this embodiment notifies each energy resource 8 of a new control target value based on the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount in this manner, so that even if at least one of the energy resources 8 is in the middle of responding toward the control target value at that time, overshooting of the activation command value is unlikely to occur, and the necessary adjustment power can be generated from each energy resource 8. Furthermore, because such a new control target value is notified before the activation start time, it becomes easier to achieve the activation command value at the activation start time. Furthermore, because such a new control target value is notified even after the activation start time, tracking to the activation command value after the activation start time is improved.

Embodiment 2.
In the first embodiment, the actual result response amount acquisition unit 3b periodically (for example, every minute) acquires the system power consumption of each energy resource 8, and each time, a new control target value calculated by the control target value recalculation unit 3e is notified to the manager of the energy resource 8 or the management system 7. In the present embodiment, the actual result response amount acquisition unit 3b periodically acquires the system power consumption of each energy resource 8, while notifying the new control target value non-periodically.

In the following, only the differences from embodiment 1 will be described, and descriptions of the same or corresponding parts and processes will be omitted. Regarding reference numerals, the same reference numerals will be used for the same or corresponding parts as embodiment 1, and descriptions will be omitted.

In the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to this embodiment, the control target value recalculation unit 3e compares the response differential value with a threshold value, and calculates a new control target value only if the response differential value is greater than the threshold value. In other respects, it is the same as the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to the first embodiment.

Figure 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing of the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to this embodiment. Steps S201 to S210 in Figure 5 are similar to steps S101 to S110 shown in Figure 4, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted. Figure 5 differs from Figure 4 in that step S211 has been added.

In step S211 of FIG. 5, the control target value recalculation unit 3e compares the responsive differential value calculated in step S208 with a threshold value, and determines whether or not to correct the control target value based on the comparison result. For example, if the absolute value of the responsive differential value is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S209. If the absolute value of the responsive differential value is smaller than the threshold value, the process returns to step S204. The threshold value is pre-stored in the storage unit 5. For example, if the threshold value is 5 kW and the responsive differential value calculated in step S208 is 10 kW, the process proceeds to step S209.

In the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to the first embodiment, a new control target value is notified to the manager or management system 7 of the energy resource 8 each time the actual response amount acquisition unit 3b acquires the system power usage of each energy resource 8, which increases the load on the manager or management system 7. On the other hand, in the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to the present embodiment, a new control target value is notified to the manager or management system 7 of the energy resource 8 only when the absolute value of the response difference value is large, so that a new control target value can be notified to the manager or management system 7 only when there is a great need to correct the control target value, thereby reducing the load on the manager or management system 7.

Embodiment 3.
In the first and second embodiments, the control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates a new control target value based on the responsive differential value at that time. In the present embodiment, the control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates a new control target value based on the responsive differential value at that time and the past. In the following, only the differences from the first and second embodiments will be described, and the same or corresponding parts will not be described.

In the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to this embodiment, the control target value recalculation unit 3e does not allocate the responsive differential value at that time to each energy resource 8, but allocates an evaluation value N of the following (Equation 1) to each energy resource 8 instead of the responsive differential value. Here, P is the responsive differential value at that time, I is the integral value of the past responsive differential values, and D is the difference between the responsive differential value P at that time and the previous responsive differential value. However, Kp, Ki, and Kd are control parameters that can be set arbitrarily. Other points are the same as those of the adjustment power activation control device 1 according to the first embodiment.
N=Kp×P+Ki×I+Kd×D...(Formula 1)
Thus, in this embodiment, the control target value recalculation unit 3e calculates the evaluation value N using the difference value P, the integral value I and the derivative value D by a PID control method, which is proportional control, integral control and derivative control.

In this embodiment, the control target value recalculation unit 3e corrects the control target value using the PID control method, using not only the responsive differential value at that time, but also an integral value which is an accumulation of past responsive differential values, and a differential value which is the difference value from the previous responsive differential value. This makes it possible to deal with long-term accumulation of responsive differential values (deviations) and short-term fluctuations in responsive differential values, and to correct the control target value with high precision.

1 Adjustment power activation control device, 2 Receiving unit, 3 Calculation processing unit, 3a Control target value calculation unit, 3b Actual response amount acquisition unit, 3c Response model creation unit, 3d Model response amount calculation unit, 3e Control target value recalculation unit, 4 Transmission unit, 5 Memory unit, 6 Consumer system, 7 Management system, 8 Energy resource, 8a Interconnection point, 8b System, 8c Power meter, 9 Communication network, 10 Input unit, 11 Display unit, 12 Output unit

Claims (8)

a control target value calculation unit that calculates a control target value to be notified to a manager or management system of each energy resource of a control target group, which is a combination of a plurality of energy resources, in response to a command to activate the adjustment capability;
A model response amount calculation unit that calculates a model response amount, which is an estimated response amount of the control target group to the notification, using a model that simulates a past response amount of the control target group with respect to an elapsed time from the time when the activation command was issued for the control target group;
an actual performance response amount acquisition unit that acquires an actual performance response amount, which is an amount of response of the control target group to the notification;
a control target value recalculation unit that calculates a new control target value to be notified to a manager or management system of at least one of the energy resources of the control target group and an energy resource other than the control target group;
an output unit that outputs the control target value calculated by the control target value calculation unit and the control target value recalculation unit for the notification,
The control target value recalculation unit is an adjustment power activation control device that calculates the new control target value by adding the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount to the control target value of each energy resource of the control target group. The adjustment power activation control device according to claim 1, wherein the activation command includes a target power value to be supplied to the grid as an activation command value, and the control target value is the activation command value allocated to each energy resource of the control target group. the estimated response amount of the control target group is an estimated total value of power provided to the grid by each energy resource of the control target group,
The adjustment power activation control device according to claim 2 , wherein the response amount of the performance of the control target group is a total value of the performance of power supplied to the grid by each energy resource of the control target group. At least one of the energy resources in the control target group is a consumer-side energy resource including at least a load facility connected below a grid interconnection point,
The adjustment power activation control device of claim 3, wherein the actual response amount acquisition unit acquires the system power usage of the consumer-side energy resource, and calculates the difference between the system power usage calculated from the acquired system power usage of the consumer-side energy resource and a baseline of the consumer-side energy resource that is stored in advance, as the actual power supplied by the consumer-side energy resource to the system. The adjustment power activation control device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the actual amount of power supplied by the energy resource to the grid is negawatts or posiwatts of power. The adjustment power activation control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control target value recalculation unit corrects the control target value for the manager or the management system if the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and does not correct the control target value if the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount is smaller than the threshold. The control target value recalculation unit calculates an evaluation value using a response difference value that is the difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount, an integral value of the past response difference value, and a differential value that is the difference between the previous response difference value and the current response difference value, and calculates the new control target value according to the evaluation value. The adjustment power activation control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A step of calculating a control target value to be notified to a manager or management system of each energy resource of a control target group, which is a combination of a plurality of energy resources, in response to a command to activate the adjustment capability;
A step of calculating a model response amount, which is an estimated response amount of the control target group to the notification, using a model simulating a past response amount of the control target group with respect to an elapsed time from the time when the activation command was issued for the control target group;
Acquire a performance response amount , which is a response amount of the performance of the control target group to the notification;
A step of calculating a new control target value to be notified to a manager or management system of at least one of the energy resources of the control target group and an energy resource other than the control target group by adding a difference between the model response amount and the actual response amount to the control target value of each of the energy resources of the control target group;
outputting the control target value for the notification;
The adjustment force activation control method includes:

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