JP7433661B2 - ラクトコッカス属細菌由来のナノ小胞及びその用途 - Google Patents
ラクトコッカス属細菌由来のナノ小胞及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(a)正常ヒト及び被検者のサンプルから分離した細胞外小胞からDNAを抽出するステップ;
(b)前記抽出したDNAに対して16S rDNAに存在する遺伝子配列に基づいて作製したプライマーペアを用いてPCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)を行った後、それぞれのPCR産物を収得するステップ;及び
(c)前記PCR産物の定量分析を通して正常ヒトに比べてラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞の含有量が低い場合、糖尿病、心筋梗塞、心房細動、脳卒中、腎不全、パーキンソン病、又はうつ病と判定するステップ。
(a)正常ヒト及び被検者のサンプルから分離した細胞外小胞からDNAを抽出するステップ;
(b)前記抽出したDNAに対して16S rDNAに存在する遺伝子配列に基づいて作製したプライマーペアを用いてPCRを行った後、それぞれのPCR産物を収得するステップ;及び
(c)前記PCR産物の定量分析を通して正常ヒトに比べてラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞の含有量が低い場合、糖尿病、心筋梗塞、心房細動、脳卒中、腎不全、パーキンソン病、又はうつ病と判定するステップ。
本発明の実施形態は、例えば以下のものが挙げられる。
[1]
ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、糖尿病、心筋梗塞、心房細動、脳卒中、腎不全、パーキンソン病、うつ病、及び炎症性疾患からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物。
[2]
前記炎症性疾患は、アトピー性皮膚炎、にきび、乾癬、副鼻腔炎、鼻炎、結膜炎、喘息、皮膚炎、炎症性コラーゲン血管疾患、糸球体腎炎、脳炎、炎症性腸炎、慢性閉鎖性肺疾患、敗血症、敗血性ショック、肺線維症、未分化脊椎関節症、未分化関節症、関節炎、炎症性骨溶解、ウイルス又はバクテリア感染による慢性炎症疾患、大腸炎、潰瘍性大腸炎、炎症性腸疾患、関節リウマチ、反応性関節炎、骨関節炎、強皮症、骨粗しょう症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、心筋炎、心内膜炎、心嚢炎、嚢胞性線維症、橋本甲状腺炎、グレーブス病、らい病、梅毒、ライム病、ボレリア症(Borreliosis)、神経性ボレリア症、結核、サルコイドーシス、ループス、凍傷ループス、結核性ループス、ループス腎炎、全身性エリテマトーデス、黄斑変性、ブドウ膜炎、過敏性腸症候群、クローン病、シェーグレン症候群、線維筋痛症、慢性疲労症候群、慢性疲労免疫不全症候群、筋痛性脳脊髄炎、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、パーキンソン病、及び多発性硬化症よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上であることを特徴とする、[1]に記載の薬学的組成物。
[3]
前記炎症性疾患は、インターロイキン-6(IL-6)又は腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF-α)により媒介される疾患であることを特徴とする、[1]又は[2]に記載の薬学的組成物。
[4]
前記小胞は、平均直径が10~200nmであることを特徴とする、[1]~[3]のいずれか1に記載の薬学的組成物。
[5]
前記小胞は、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌から自然的又は人工的に分泌されることを特徴とする、[1]~[4]のいずれか1に記載の薬学的組成物。
[6]
前記ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞は、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)から分泌されることを特徴とする、[1]~[5]のいずれか1に記載の薬学的組成物。
[7]
ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、糖尿病、心筋梗塞、心房細動、脳卒中、腎不全、パーキンソン病、うつ病、及び炎症性疾患からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の疾患の予防又は改善用食品組成物。
[8]
前記炎症性疾患は、アトピー皮膚炎、にきび、乾癬、副鼻腔炎、鼻炎、結膜炎、喘息、皮膚炎、炎症性コラーゲン血管疾患、糸球体腎炎、脳炎、炎症性腸炎、慢性閉鎖性肺疾患、敗血症、敗血性ショック、肺線維症、未分化脊椎関節症、未分化関節症、関節炎、炎症性骨溶解、ウイルス又はバクテリア感染による慢性炎症疾患、大腸炎、潰瘍性大腸炎、炎症性腸疾患、関節リウマチ、反応性関節炎、骨関節炎、強皮症、骨粗しょう症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、心筋炎、心内膜炎、心嚢炎、嚢胞性線維症、橋本甲状腺炎、グレーブス病、らい病、梅毒、ライム病、ボレリア症(Borreliosis)、神経性ボレリア症、結核、サルコイドーシス、ループス、凍傷ループス、結核性ループス、ループス腎炎、全身性エリテマトーデス、黄斑変性、ブドウ膜炎、過敏性腸症候群、クローン病、シェーグレン症候群、線維筋痛症、慢性疲労症候群、慢性疲労免疫不全症候群、筋痛性脳脊髄炎、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、パーキンソン病、及び多発性硬化症よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上であることを特徴とする、[7]に記載の食品組成物。
[9]
前記炎症性疾患は、インターロイキン-6(IL-6)又は腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF-α)により媒介される疾患であることを特徴とする、[7]又は[8]に記載の食品組成物。
[10]
前記小胞は、平均直径が10~200nmであることを特徴とする、[7]~[9]のいずれか1に記載の食品組成物。
[11]
前記小胞は、ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌から自然的又は人工的に分泌されることを特徴とする、[7]~[10]のいずれか1に記載の食品組成物。
[12]
前記ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞は、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)から分泌されることを特徴とする、[7]~[11]のいずれか1に記載の食品組成物。
[13]
ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、糖尿病、心筋梗塞、心房細動、脳卒中、腎不全、パーキンソン病、うつ病、及び炎症性疾患からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の疾患の予防又は治療用吸入剤組成物。
[14]
ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、炎症性疾患の予防又は改善用化粧料組成物。
[15]
前記炎症性疾患は、アトピー性皮膚炎、にきび、及び乾癬よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上であることを特徴とする、[14]に記載の化粧料組成物。
[16]
ラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞の、糖尿病、心筋梗塞、心房細動、脳卒中、腎不全、パーキンソン病、うつ病、及び炎症性疾患からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤の製造のための使用。
(a)正常ヒト及び被検者のサンプルから分離した細胞外小胞からDNAを抽出するステップ;
(b)前記抽出したDNAに対して16S rDNAに存在する遺伝子配列に基づいて製作したプライマーペアを用いてPCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)を行った後、それぞれのPCR産物を収得するステップ;及び
(c)前記PCR産物の定量分析を通して正常ヒトに比べてラクトコッカス(Lactococcus)属細菌由来の小胞の含有量が低い場合、糖尿病、心筋梗塞、心房細動、脳卒中、腎不全、パーキンソン病、又はうつ病と判定するステップ。
(予防又は治療用)に応じて適宜決定され得る。
腸内細菌と細菌由来の小胞が胃腸管を通じて全身的に吸収されるかを評価するために、次のような方法で実験を行った。マウスの胃腸に蛍光で標識した腸内細菌と腸内細菌由来の小胞をそれぞれ50μgの用量で、胃腸管に投与し、0分、5分、3時間、6時間、12時間後に蛍光を測定した。マウスの全体イメージを観察した結果、図1aに示されたように、細菌である場合には、全身的に吸収されなかったが、細菌由来の小胞である場合には、投与5分後に全身的に吸収され、投与3時間後には、膀胱に蛍光が濃く観察されて、小胞が泌尿器系に排泄されることが分かった。また、小胞は、投与12時間まで体内に存在することが分かった(図1a参照)。
血液、尿、唾液などの臨床サンプルをまず10mlのチューブに入れ、遠心分離法(3,500×g、10min、4℃)で浮遊物を沈め、上清のみを新しい10mlのチューブに移した。0.22μmのフィルタを用いて細菌及び異物を除去した後、セントリプレップチューブ(centrifugal filters 50kD)に移して1,500×g、4℃で15分間遠心分離して、50kDより小さい物質は捨てて、10mlまで濃縮させた。さらに0.22μmのフィルタを用いて細菌及び異物を除去した後、Type 90tiローターで150,000×g、4℃で3時間超高速遠心分離方法を用いて上清を捨て、固まったペレットを生理食塩水(PBS)で溶かした。
実施例2の方法で糖尿病患者47人の唾液、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト277人の唾液を対象として、唾液内に存在する細菌及び小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌及び細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの唾液に比べて糖尿病患者の唾液でラクトコッカス属細菌及びラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表2、表3、及び図2参照)。
実施例2の方法で糖尿病患者61人の血液、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト122人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて糖尿病患者の血液でラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表4及び図3参照)。
実施例2の方法で心筋梗塞患者57人の血液、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常対照群163人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて心筋梗塞患者の血液でラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表5及び図4参照)。
実施例2の方法で心房細動患者32人の血液、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト64人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて心房細動患者の血液でラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表6及び図5参照)。
実施例2の方法で脳卒中患者115人の血液、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト109人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて脳卒中患者の血液でラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表7及び図6参照)。
実施例2の方法で腎不全患者21人の血液、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト20人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて腎不全患者の血液でラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表8及び図7参照)。
実施例2の方法でパーキンソン病患者39人の尿、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト79人の尿を対象として、尿内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの尿に比べてパーキンソン病患者の尿でラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表9及び図8参照)。
実施例2の方法でうつ病患者20人の尿、及び年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト20人の尿を対象として、尿内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの尿に比べてうつ病患者の尿でラクトコッカス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表10及び図9参照)。
前記実施例に基づいて、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス菌株(L.lactis)を培養した後、その小胞を分離して、特性を分析した。ラクトコッカス・ラクティス菌株を37℃好気性条件で吸光度(OD600)が1.0~1.5になるまでMRS(de Man-Rogosa and Sharpe)培地で培養した後、LB(Luria-Bertani)培地に継代培養した。以後、菌株が含まれている培地を回収して、10,000g、4℃で20分間遠心分離して菌株を除去し、0.22μmのフィルタに濾過した。濾過した上清を100kDa Pellicon 2 Cassetteフィルタメンブレン(Merck Millipore,US)でMasterFlex pump system(Cole-Parmer,US)を用いて精密ろ過(microfiltration)を通じて50ml体積に濃縮した。濃縮させた上清をさらに0.22μmのフィルタで濾過した。以後、BCAアッセイを用いてタンパク質を定量し、得られた小胞に対して下記実験を実施した。
炎症細胞でラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞(L.lactis EV)の炎症メディエーター(IL-6、TNF-α)の分泌に対する影響を調べるために、マウスマクロファージ株であるRaw 264.7細胞にラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞を多様な濃度(0.1、1、10μg/ml)で処理した後、細胞死滅とELISAを行った。より具体的に、48ウェル細胞培養プレート内に4×104個ずつ分注し、Raw
264.7細胞にDMEM無血清培地を入れた多様な濃度のラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞を処理して12時間培養した。以後、細胞死滅は、EZ-CYTOX(Dogen,Korea)を用いて測定し、細胞培養液は、1.5mlのチューブに集めて、3000gで5分間遠心分離し、上層液を集めて-80℃に保管しておいた後、ELISAを行った。
前記結果に基づいて、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞の抗炎症効果を評価するために、多様な濃度(0.1、1、10μg/ml)のラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞をマウスマクロファージ株に12時間前処理した後、病原性小胞である大腸菌由来の小胞1μg/mlで処理し、12時間後、炎症性サイトカインの分泌をELISAで測定した。その結果、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞を前処理した場合、大腸菌由来の小胞によるIL-6及びTNF-αの分泌が顕著に抑制されることを確認した(図12参照)。特にラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞の前処理によるTNF-αの分泌抑制効果が、有用微生物対照群であるラクトバチルス・プランタルム(Lactobacillus plantarum)由来の小胞の前処理によるTNF-αの分泌抑制効果より大きいことを確認した(図12参照)。前記結果は、大腸菌由来の小胞のような病原性小胞により誘導される炎症反応をラクトコッカス・ラクティス由来の小胞が効率的に抑制することができることを意味する。
Claims (9)
- ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、炎症性疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物であって、
前記炎症性疾患が、インターロイキン-6(IL-6)又は腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF-α)により媒介される、薬学的組成物。 - 前記小胞は、平均直径が10~200nmである、請求項1に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記小胞は、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)から自然的又は人工的に分泌される、請求項1に記載の薬学的組成物。
- ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、炎症性疾患の予防又は改善用食品組成物であって、
前記炎症性疾患が、インターロイキン-6(IL-6)又は腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF-α)により媒介される、食品組成物。 - 前記小胞は、平均直径が10~200nmである、請求項4に記載の食品組成物。
- 前記小胞は、ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)から自然的又は人工的に分泌される、請求項4に記載の食品組成物。
- ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、炎症性疾患の予防又は治療用吸入剤組成物であって、
前記炎症性疾患が、インターロイキン-6(IL-6)又は腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF-α)により媒介される、吸入剤組成物。 - ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、炎症性疾患の予防又は改善用化粧料組成物であって、
前記炎症性疾患が、インターロイキン-6(IL-6)又は腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF-α)により媒介される、化粧料組成物。 - ラクトコッカス・ラクティス(Lactococcus lactis)由来の小胞の、炎症性疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤の製造のための使用であって、
前記炎症性疾患が、インターロイキン-6(IL-6)又は腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNF-α)により媒介される、使用。
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