JP7472911B2 - セラミックハニカムフィルタ - Google Patents
セラミックハニカムフィルタ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7472911B2 JP7472911B2 JP2021537266A JP2021537266A JP7472911B2 JP 7472911 B2 JP7472911 B2 JP 7472911B2 JP 2021537266 A JP2021537266 A JP 2021537266A JP 2021537266 A JP2021537266 A JP 2021537266A JP 7472911 B2 JP7472911 B2 JP 7472911B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- passage
- inflow
- ceramic honeycomb
- cross
- flow path
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical group [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Si] SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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- C04B2111/00793—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filters or diaphragms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
- C04B2235/6021—Extrusion moulding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
- F01N2330/34—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details with flow channels of polygonal cross section
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Description
式(2):36≦α≦60の関係を満たすハニカム構造体を開示しており、大容積貫通孔群を構成する貫通孔の長手方向に垂直な断面の形状が八角形であり、小容積貫通孔群を構成する貫通孔の上記断面の形状が四角形であるのが望ましいと記載している。特許文献1は、このような構成を有するハニカム構造体に触媒を担持させる際には、大容積貫通孔群を構成する貫通孔と小容積貫通孔群を構成する貫通孔とを隔てる隔壁よりも、大容積貫通孔群を構成する貫通孔同士を隔てる隔壁に触媒をより多く担持させた方が、ハニカム構造体の圧力損失を上昇させることなく、排気ガス等の浄化性能を向上させることができると記載している。
前記複数の流路は、前記一方の端部が開口し、かつ前記他方の端部が目封止された流入流路と、前記一方の端部が目封止され、かつ前記他方の端部が開口した流出流路とからなり、
前記流路の長手方向に垂直な断面において、
(a)前記流入流路の断面積が、前記流出流路の断面積より大きく、
(b)前記流入流路及び前記流出流路の断面形状が正四角形の四隅を切り落とした、4回回転対称の八角形であり、
(c)前記流入流路と前記流出流路とが、第一の方向と、前記第一の方向に直交する第二の方向とに交互に並んで、かつ前記隔壁を挟んで対向する辺同士が平行となるように配設されており、
(d)前記流入流路の開口率が45~60%であり、
(e)前記流路の数が30~60個/cm2であり、
(f)前記流入流路と、その流入流路に隣接する流出流路との間に形成された隔壁の厚さt1が0.150~0.260 mmであり、
(g)前記流入流路と、その流入流路に隣接する流入流路との間に形成された隔壁の厚さt2が、1.175<t2/t1<1.6を満たすことを特徴とする。
0.2<α1/α2<1.2、
0.3<β1/β2<1.2、及び
0.3<β1/α1<1.5
を満たすのが好ましい。
図1は本発明のセラミックハニカムフィルタの一例を模式的に示す斜視図である。図2は、図1のA-A断面図である。さらに図3及び図4は図2のB―B断面での部分断面図である。本発明のセラミックハニカムフィルタ1は、流路2の長手方向に垂直な平面で切断した断面の外形が円形又は楕円形に形成されており、流体の流路2を区画形成する多孔質の隔壁3及び外周壁4とを備え、流路2の長手方向に垂直な平面で切断した断面における断面積が異なる2種類の流路(流入流路2a及び流出流路2b)2が形成されている。
[ρ×V/(1+ρ×V)]×100(%)
によって求めることができる。例えば、セラミックハニカムフィルタの隔壁の材質がコーディエライトである場合は、コーディエライトの真比重2.52g/cm3を用いて、セラミックハニカムフィルタの隔壁の材質が炭化珪素である場合は、炭化珪素の真比重3.21g/cm3を用いて計算する。
(a)流入流路2aの断面積が流出流路2bの断面積より大きく、
(b)流入流路2a及び流出流路2bの断面形状が正四角形の四隅を切り落とした、4回回転対称の八角形であり、
(c)流入流路2aと流出流路2bとが、第一の方向と、前記第一の方向に直交する第二の方向とに交互に並んで、かつ隔壁3aを挟んで対向する辺同士が平行となるように配設されており、
(d)流入流路2aの開口率が45~60%であり、
(e)前記流路の数が30~60個/cm2であり、
(f)流入流路2aと、その流入流路2aに隣接する流出流路2bとの間に形成された隔壁の厚さt1が0.150~0.260 mmであり、
(g)流入流路2aと、その流入流路2aに隣接する流入流路2aとの間に形成された隔壁の厚さt2が、1.175<t2/t1<1.6を満たすハニカムセグメント10が、図6に示すように、接合材層13を介して互いの接合面で一体的に接合されてなるハニカムセグメント接合体である。ハニカムセグメント接合体の外周面は、外周コート層14で被覆するのが好ましい。
本発明のセラミックハニカムフィルタの製造方法について説明する。
まずセラミック原料に、有機バインダー、造孔材、及び水を添加して混合、混練を行って、可塑化したセラミック坏土を作製する。
コーディエライト化原料として、カオリン、タルク、シリカ、アルミナの粉末を、質量比で、50%のSiO2、36%のAl2O3、及び14%のMgOのコーディエライト組成となるように調整し、造孔材として中空の樹脂粒子、有機バインダーとしてメチルセルロースとヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを添加し、乾式で十分混合した後、水を添加し、十分な混練を行って可塑化したセラミック杯土を作製した。このセラミック坏土を押出し成形用金型を用いてハニカム形状に押出し成形し、切断して、直径280 mm、全長314.8 mmの成形体とした。この成形体を、マイクロ波で乾燥し、最高温度1410℃で25時間保持して焼成した後、外周周縁部を除去加工し、流路の断面形状が正四角形の四隅を切り落とした、4回回転対称の八角形で、断面積の大きな流路と小さな流路が交互に配置された図1~4に示すセル構造を有する実施例1及び2のコーディエライト質セラミックハニカム構造体と、流路の断面形状が図7に示すセル構造を有する比較例1及び2のコーディエライト質セラミックハニカム構造体を得た。表1に具体的な形状及び構造を示す。
水銀圧入法による測定は、セラミックハニカムフィルタから切り出した試験片(10 mm×10 mm×10 mm)を、Micromeritics社製オートポアIIIの測定セル内に収納し、セル内を減圧した後、水銀を導入して加圧し、加圧時の圧力と試験片内に存在する気孔中に押し込まれた水銀の体積との関係を求めることにより行った。前記圧力を気孔径に換算し、気孔径の大きい側から小さい側に向かって積算した累積気孔容積(水銀の体積に相当)を気孔径に対してプロットし、気孔径と累積気孔容積との関係を示すグラフを得た。水銀を導入する圧力は0.5psi(0.35×10-3 kg/mm2)とし、圧力から気孔径を算出する際の常数は、接触角=130°及び表面張力=484dyne/cmの値を使用した。そして、水銀の加圧力が1800psi(1.26kg/mm2、気孔径約0.1μmに相当)での累積気孔容積を全気孔容積とした。得られた水銀圧入法の測定結果から、全気孔容積、気孔率、累積気孔容積が全気孔容積の50%となる気孔径(メジアン気孔径)を算出した。気孔率は、全気孔容積Vと、隔壁材質であるコーディエライトの真比重ρ(=2.52g/cm3)とから計算式:[ρ×V/(1+ρ×V)]×100(%)によって求めた。
社団法人自動車技術会が定める規格M505-87「自動車排気ガス浄化触媒用セラミックモノリス担体の試験方法」に従ってA軸圧縮破壊強度を測定し、比較例1の測定値を1.00とした相対値で示した。
圧力損失テストスタンドに固定したセラミックハニカムフィルタに、空気を流量10 Nm3/minで送り込み、流入側と流出側との差圧(圧力損失)を初期圧損値として測定し、比較例1の測定値を1.00とした相対値で示した。なおセラミックハニカムフィルタを固定する際に、断面積が大きい流入流路が目封止されずに開口した端部が空気の流入側となるようにセラミックハニカムフィルタを配置した。
圧力損失テストスタンドに固定したセラミックハニカムフィルタに、空気流量10 Nm3/minで、平均粒径0.11μmの燃焼煤を1.3 g/hの速度で投入し、フィルタ体積1リットルあたりの煤付着量が2 gとなった時の流入側と流出側との差圧(圧力損失)をスス付き圧損として測定し、比較例1の測定値を1.00とした相対値で示した。なおセラミックハニカムフィルタを固定する際に、断面積が大きい流入流路が目封止されずに開口した端部が空気の流入側となるようにセラミックハニカムフィルタを配置した。
(2) α2は、流入流路の各辺のうち、隣接する流出流路に対向する辺212の長さを表す。
(3) β1は、流出流路の各辺のうち、隣接する流出流路に対向する辺221の長さを表す。
(4) β2は、流出流路の各辺のうち、隣接する流入流路に対向する辺222の長さを表す。
Claims (3)
- 多孔質の隔壁で仕切られた複数の流路を備え、一方の端部から流入させた流体を前記多孔質の隔壁を通過させ他方の端部から流出するように構成されたセラミックハニカムフィルタであって、
前記複数の流路は、前記一方の端部が開口し、かつ前記他方の端部が目封止された流入流路と、前記一方の端部が目封止され、かつ前記他方の端部が開口した流出流路とからなり、
前記流路の長手方向に垂直な断面において、
(a)前記流入流路の断面積が、前記流出流路の断面積より大きく、
(b)前記流入流路及び前記流出流路の断面形状が正四角形の四隅を切り落とした、4回回転対称の八角形であり、
(c)前記流入流路と前記流出流路とが、第一の方向と、前記第一の方向に直交する第二の方向とに交互に並んで、かつ前記隔壁を挟んで対向する辺同士が平行となるように配設されており、
(d)前記流入流路の開口率が45~60%であり、
(e)前記流路の数が30~60個/cm2であり、
(f)前記流入流路と、その流入流路に隣接する流出流路との間に形成された隔壁の厚さt1が0.150~0.260 mmであり、
(g)前記流入流路と、その流入流路に隣接する流入流路との間に形成された隔壁の厚さt2が、1.175<t2/t1<1.6を満たすことを特徴とするセラミックハニカムフィルタ。 - 前記流路の長手方向に垂直な断面において、前記流入流路の各辺のうち、隣接する前記流入流路に対向する辺の長さα1、及び隣接する前記流出流路に対向する辺の長さα2、並びに前記流出流路の各辺のうち、隣接する前記流出流路に対向する辺の長さβ1、及び隣接する前記流入流路に対向する辺の長さβ2が、
0.2<α1/α2<1.2、
0.3<β1/β2<1.2、及び
0.3<β1/α1<1.5
を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックハニカムフィルタ。 - 前記多孔質の隔壁の気孔率が45~60%、及びメジアン気孔径が5~20μmであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のセラミックハニカムフィルタ。
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EP1676620B2 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2012-05-16 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Honeycomb structure |
JP4737594B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-18 | 2011-08-03 | 日立金属株式会社 | セラミックハニカムフィルタ |
US7393377B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2008-07-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Honeycomb filter and exhaust gas treatment apparatus |
US8092568B2 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2012-01-10 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Ceramic honeycomb filter and its production method |
JP6934702B2 (ja) | 2015-03-27 | 2021-09-15 | 株式会社デンソー | 排ガス浄化フィルタ |
JP7094193B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-24 | 2022-07-01 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカムフィルタ |
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JP2005125209A (ja) | 2003-10-22 | 2005-05-19 | Ibiden Co Ltd | ハニカム構造体 |
JP2005270969A (ja) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-10-06 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | ハニカムフィルタ及び排ガス処理装置 |
JP2008168279A (ja) | 2006-10-05 | 2008-07-24 | Ibiden Co Ltd | ハニカム構造体 |
WO2008117559A1 (ja) | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-02 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | ハニカムフィルタ |
JP2011167641A (ja) | 2010-02-19 | 2011-09-01 | Denso Corp | 排ガス浄化フィルタ |
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