JP7324829B2 - Life-saving warmers and life-saving equipment - Google Patents
Life-saving warmers and life-saving equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP7324829B2 JP7324829B2 JP2021208927A JP2021208927A JP7324829B2 JP 7324829 B2 JP7324829 B2 JP 7324829B2 JP 2021208927 A JP2021208927 A JP 2021208927A JP 2021208927 A JP2021208927 A JP 2021208927A JP 7324829 B2 JP7324829 B2 JP 7324829B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010013647 Drowning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明は、例えば、乗船、磯釣りにおいて、不測の海難事故や水難事故に遭遇した際の緊急用備品として用いられる救命採暖具及び救命用具に関するものである。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a life-saving warmer and a life-saving tool used as emergency supplies in the event of an unexpected marine accident or water accident, for example, when boarding a ship or surf fishing.
従来、この種の救命用具として、衣服に、電池の通電による発熱体を取り付けた構造、あるいは、生石灰と水分との反応による発熱体を取り付けた構造であって、これら発熱体から放射される赤外線を赤外線映像カメラにより捕捉し、遭難者の捜索及び採暖に利用するものが知られている。 Conventionally, as a lifesaving tool of this kind, a structure in which a heating element is attached to clothes by electric power of a battery, or a structure in which a heating element is attached by reaction between quicklime and moisture, and infrared rays emitted from these heating elements is captured by an infrared video camera and used for searching and warming the victims.
しかしながら上記従来構造の場合、前者の場合、通電による発熱体にあっては、電池と発熱体との遭難者による通電操作が必要であり、この通電操作により海難事故発生時等の緊急性を有する場合には不向きであり、又、後者の場合、生石灰と水分との反応による発熱体にあっては、衣服の両腕部分に接着剤によって生石灰を収容した合成樹脂フィルム袋を１個又は複数個接着し、合成樹脂フィルム袋の内部に水分を少しずつにじみ込ませるための繊維束を袋内部から袋外部に放出させ、繊維束による毛細管現象を用いた水分導入手段も必要となり、それだけ、発熱体の構造が複雑化し易く、合成樹脂フィルム袋は透湿性及び透光性が高く、袋内の生石灰の経年劣化が生じ易く、それだけ、使用の耐久性が低くなると共に緊急時には不向きなことがあるという不都合を有している。 However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional structure, in the former case, it is necessary for a shipwrecked person to energize the battery and the heating element in the case of the energized heating element. In the latter case, in the case of a heat generating element caused by reaction between quicklime and moisture, one or more synthetic resin film bags containing quicklime are attached to both arms of the garment with an adhesive. It is also necessary to release a fiber bundle from the inside of the bag to the outside of the bag to allow the moisture to gradually seep into the interior of the synthetic resin film bag, and to introduce moisture using the capillary phenomenon caused by the fiber bundle. The structure of the bag is likely to be complicated, and the synthetic resin film bag has high moisture permeability and light permeability, and the quicklime inside the bag is likely to deteriorate over time. have an inconvenience.
本発明はこれらの不都合を解決することを目的とするもので、本発明のうちで、請求項１記載の発明は、救命胴衣、腰巻きタイプ、肩掛タイプの救命具に収納され、水との接触により発熱反応する発熱剤と、該発熱剤を包み込むための吸水シートと、該発熱剤を包み込んだ該吸水シートを封入するための封入袋体とからなり、上記封入袋体に、不測の海難事故や水難事故に遭遇したとき、直ちに該封入袋体内に海水や淡水の水を侵入させるための通し穴状の丸穴又は四角穴状の通水口部が配設され、上記吸水シートは、高分子吸水材を含有する綿状のパルプ、該パルプを挟んで包む吸水紙、及び該吸水紙を包む不織布からなる吸水性の高いシート材で構成され、発熱の維持時間、効率的な発熱作用及び適度な発熱温度の維持により、長時間にわたる漂流を可能とすることを特徴とする救命採暖具にある。 The object of the present invention is to solve these problems . It consists of an exothermic agent that reacts exothermically, a water-absorbing sheet for wrapping the exothermic agent, and an enclosing bag for enclosing the water-absorbing sheet enclosing the exothermic agent. A through hole-shaped round hole or a square hole-shaped water passage port is provided for allowing seawater or fresh water to enter the enclosing bag immediately in the event of a drowning accident, and the water-absorbing sheet is made of a polymer water-absorbing material . It consists of a highly water-absorbent sheet material consisting of cotton-like pulp containing wood, water-absorbent paper that sandwiches the pulp and wraps it, and non-woven fabric that wraps the water-absorbent paper. The life-saving warming device is characterized in that it is possible to drift for a long period of time by maintaining the heat generation temperature .
又、請求項２記載の発明は、上記発熱剤は、透水性袋内に生石灰（酸化カルシウム）粉末及びアルミニウム粉末の混合粉末を充填してなることを特徴とするものであり、又、請求項３記載の発明は、上記封入袋体は、外面がポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、中間にアルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＶＭ－ＰＥＴ）及び内面にポリエチレン（ＰＥ）の３層構造のアルミニウム袋からなることを特徴とするものである。 The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the exothermic agent is formed by filling a water-permeable bag with a mixed powder of quicklime (calcium oxide) powder and aluminum powder. The invention described in 3 is characterized in that the enclosing bag is made of an aluminum bag having a three-layer structure of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on the outer surface, aluminum-deposited polyethylene terephthalate (VM-PET) on the middle, and polyethylene (PE) on the inner surface. and
又、請求項４記載の発明は、上記請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の救命採暖具及び非常食を包装袋体に収納してなることを特徴とする救命用具にある。 Further, the invention according to claim 4 is a lifesaving device characterized in that the lifesaving warming device and emergency food according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are contained in a packaging bag.
本発明は上述の如く、請求項１記載の発明にあっては、救命採暖具を救命胴衣、腰巻きタイプ、肩掛タイプの救命具に収納し、乗船、磯釣り時等の海難事故や水難事故に備えることになり、この際、例えば、装着者が不測の海難事故や水難事故に遭遇し、装着者が海中や水中に投げ出されたとき、救命胴衣、腰巻きタイプ、肩掛タイプの救命具に収納された上記救命採暖具は海水や淡水の水に接触し、通し穴状の丸穴又は四角穴状の通水口部から直ちに封入袋体内に海水や淡水の水が侵入し、海水や淡水の水は吸水シートに吸水され、水は吸水シートに包み込まれた発熱剤の内部に侵入し、発熱剤と水との接触により発熱反応が生じ、発熱反応により生じた熱は吸水シート及び封入袋体を介して遭難者に伝導され、吸水シートに吸水された水は発熱反応による熱によって蒸発して水蒸気が発生し、水蒸気は救命胴衣の内部空間に籠もり、水蒸気の対流により遭難者に熱が伝わり、しかして、発熱反応により生じた熱は封入袋体内の熱伝導を経た後、封入袋体からの熱伝達、水蒸気による対流及び熱放射により遭難者に伝わり、遭難者は熱伝達、対流及び熱放射により暖を採ることができ、救命採暖具により遭難者は身体の心臓部、手足部、頭部などを暖めることができ、さらに、発熱剤を包み込む吸水シートの高吸水性により発熱の維持時間及び効率的な発熱作用を長く得ることができ、吸水シートの存在により遭難者に対する熱傷も防ぐことができ、長時間にわたる漂流も可能となって海難事故や水難事故に対する有効な対策とすることができ、さらに、上記吸水シートは、高分子吸水材を含有する綿状のパルプ、パルプを挟んで包む吸水紙、及び吸水紙を包む不織布からなる吸水性の高いシート材で構成されているから、加水により膨張する高分子吸収材の採用により発熱開始時より適度な過度な発熱が抑えられ、適度な発熱温度の維持を図ることができる。 As described above, in the invention according to claim 1, the life-saving warming device is stored in a life jacket , a waist-wrapped type, or a shoulder-type life-saving device to prepare for sea accidents and water accidents during boarding, rock fishing, etc. In this case, for example, when the wearer encounters an unexpected marine accident or water accident and the wearer is thrown into the sea or water, the above-mentioned lifesaving equipment stored in a life jacket , waist wrap type, or shoulder type lifesaving device When the life-saving warmer comes into contact with seawater or freshwater, seawater or freshwater immediately enters the enclosing bag through the round hole or square hole-shaped water passage opening. The water is absorbed into the heat-generating agent wrapped in the water-absorbing sheet, and the heat-generating agent contacts the water, causing an exothermic reaction. The water absorbed by the water-absorbing sheet evaporates due to the heat generated by the exothermic reaction, and the water vapor stays in the inner space of the life jacket. After the heat generated by the exothermic reaction passes through the heat conduction inside the enclosing bag, it is transmitted to the victim by heat transfer from the enclosing bag, convection by water vapor and heat radiation, and the victim is warmed by heat transfer, convection and heat radiation. The life-saving warmers can warm the victim's heart, limbs, and head. The presence of the water-absorbent sheet prevents burn injuries to victims, and allows them to drift for long periods of time . , the water-absorbing sheet is composed of a highly water-absorbing sheet material composed of cotton-like pulp containing a polymer water-absorbing material, water-absorbing paper sandwiching the pulp and wrapping it, and non-woven fabric wrapping the water-absorbing paper, so that it expands with water. Excessive heat generation can be suppressed from the start of heat generation by adopting a high-molecular absorbing material, and a proper heat generation temperature can be maintained.
又、請求項２記載の発明にあっては、上記発熱剤は、透水性袋内に生石灰（酸化カルシウム）粉末及びアルミニウム粉末の混合粉末を充填してなるから、海水等の水と生石灰との反応、水と生石灰との反応によって生成される水酸化カルシウムとアルミニウムとの反応により発熱反応までの立ち上がり時間の短縮及び発熱量の増大、発熱温度、発熱時間の維持を図ることができ、発熱開始時より過度な発熱が抑えられ適度な発熱温度の維持を図ることができ、さらには、発熱剤の軽量化を図ることができ、使用の利便性を高めることができ、又、請求項３記載の発明にあっては、上記封入袋体は、外面がポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、中間にアルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＶＭ－ＰＥＴ）及び内面にポリエチレン（ＰＥ）の３層構造のアルミニウム袋から構成されているから、アルミニウム袋のアルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレートにより非透湿性（ガスバリアー性）、高遮光性及び高熱伝導率を得ることができ、発熱剤の生石灰の経年劣化を防いで使用の耐久性を向上することができ、緊急時に対応することができる。 In the second aspect of the present invention, the exothermic agent is formed by filling a mixed powder of quicklime (calcium oxide) powder and aluminum powder in the water-permeable bag. The reaction between calcium hydroxide and aluminum produced by the reaction of water and quicklime shortens the rise time up to the exothermic reaction, increases the amount of heat generated, maintains the heat generation temperature and heat generation time, and starts heat generation. It is possible to suppress excessive heat generation from time to time and maintain an appropriate heat generation temperature, and furthermore, it is possible to reduce the weight of the exothermic agent and improve the convenience of use. In the above invention, the enclosing bag is composed of an aluminum bag having a three-layer structure of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on the outer surface, aluminized polyethylene terephthalate (VM-PET) in the middle, and polyethylene (PE) on the inner surface. Therefore, the aluminum vapor-deposited polyethylene terephthalate of the aluminum bag can provide impermeability (gas barrier property), high light shielding property and high thermal conductivity, and it can prevent the deterioration of the quicklime of the exothermic agent over time and improve the durability of use. and can respond to emergencies.
又、請求項４記載の発明にあっては、救命採暖具を救命胴衣、腰巻きタイプ、肩掛タイプの救命具に収納し、乗船、磯釣り時等の海難事故や水難事故に備えることになり、この際、例えば、装着者が不測の海難事故や水難事故に遭遇し、装着者が海中や水中に投げ出されたとき、包装袋体を開封すると、救命胴衣、腰巻きタイプ、肩掛タイプの救命具に収納された上記救命採暖具は海水や淡水の水に接触し、通し穴状の丸穴又は四角穴状の通水口部から直ちに封入袋体内に海水や淡水の水が侵入し、海水や淡水の水は吸水シートに吸水され、水は吸水シートに包み込まれた発熱剤の内部に侵入し、発熱剤と水との接触により発熱反応が生じ、発熱反応により生じた熱は吸水シート及び封入袋体を介して遭難者に伝導され、吸水シートに吸水された水は発熱反応による熱によって蒸発して水蒸気が発生し、水蒸気は救命胴衣の内部空間に籠もり、水蒸気の対流により遭難者に熱が伝わり、しかして、発熱反応により生じた熱は封入袋体内の熱伝導を経た後、封入袋体からの熱伝達、水蒸気による対流及び熱放射により遭難者に伝わり、遭難者は熱伝達、対流及び熱放射により暖を採ることができ、救命採暖具により遭難者は身体の心臓部、手足部、頭部などを暖めることができ、さらに、発熱剤を包み込む吸水シートの高吸水性により発熱の維持時間及び効率的な発熱作用を長く得ることができ、吸水シートの存在により遭難者に対する熱傷も防ぐことができ、長時間にわたる漂流も可能となって海難事故や水難事故に対する有効な対策とすることができ、さらに、上記吸水シートは、高分子吸水材を含有する綿状のパルプ、パルプを挟んで包む吸水紙、及び吸水紙を包む不織布からなる吸水性の高いシート材で構成されているから、加水により膨張する高分子吸収材の採用により発熱開始時より適度な過度な発熱が抑えられ、適度な発熱温度の維持を図ることができ、さらに、上記包装袋体に上記救命採暖具と一緒に非常食を収納してなるから、包装袋体内に収納した非常食の存在により、一層、長時間にわたる漂流に備えることができ、海難事故や水難事故に対する有効な対策とすることができる。 In addition, in the invention of claim 4 , the lifesaving warmer is stored in a life jacket , a loincloth type, or a shoulder type lifesaving device to prepare for a sea accident or a water accident when boarding a ship or surf fishing. When, for example, the wearer encounters an unexpected maritime accident or water accident and is thrown into the sea or water, when the packaging bag is opened, it can be stored in a life jacket , waist wrap type, or shoulder type life preserver. The above-mentioned lifesaving warming device comes into contact with seawater or freshwater, and seawater or freshwater immediately enters the sealed bag from the round hole or square hole-shaped water passage opening. Water is absorbed by the water-absorbing sheet, and the water enters the inside of the exothermic agent wrapped in the water-absorbing sheet, and the contact between the exothermic agent and the water causes an exothermic reaction, and the heat generated by the exothermic reaction passes through the water-absorbing sheet and the enclosing bag. The water absorbed by the water-absorbing sheet evaporates due to the heat generated by the exothermic reaction, generating steam. Thus, the heat generated by the exothermic reaction passes through the heat conduction in the enclosing bag, and then is transmitted to the victim by heat transfer from the enclosing bag, convection by water vapor, and heat radiation. The life-saving warmers can warm the victim's heart, limbs, and head. Efficient heat generation can be obtained for a long time, and the presence of the water-absorbing sheet can prevent burn injuries to victims, and can be drifted for a long time, making it an effective measure against accidents at sea and water accidents. Furthermore, the water-absorbing sheet is composed of a highly water-absorbing sheet material composed of cotton-like pulp containing a high-molecular water-absorbing material, water-absorbing paper sandwiching and wrapping the pulp, and non-woven fabric wrapping the water-absorbing paper. Excessive heat generation can be suppressed from the start of heat generation by adopting a polymer absorbent material that expands due to heat, and it is possible to maintain a moderate heat generation temperature. Since food is stored, the presence of emergency food stored in the packaging bag makes it possible to prepare for drifting for a long time, which is an effective measure against marine accidents and water accidents .
図１乃至図１４は本発明の実施の形態例を示し、図１乃至図７は第一形態例、図８は第二形態例、図９は第三形態例、図１０は第四形態例、図１１は第五形態例、図１２乃至図１４は第六形態例である。 1 to 14 show embodiments of the present invention, wherein FIGS. 1 to 7 are a first embodiment, FIG. 8 is a second embodiment, FIG. 9 is a third embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a fourth embodiment. , FIG. 11 shows a fifth embodiment, and FIGS. 12 to 14 show a sixth embodiment.
この場合、本発明の実施の形態例の救命採暖具Ｒは、図７の如く、救命胴衣Ｗ、腰巻きタイプ、肩掛タイプ等の各種の救命具に収納され、大別して、海水、淡水等の水との接触により発熱反応する発熱剤Ｈと、発熱剤Ｈを包み込むための吸水シートＳと、発熱剤Ｈを包み込んだ吸水シートＳを封入するための封入袋体Ｆとからなり、上記封入袋体Ｆに通水口部Ｔが配設されている。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the life-saving warmer R of the embodiment of the present invention is housed in various life-saving devices such as a life jacket W, a waist-wrapped type, and a shoulder-mounted type. a heat-generating agent H that reacts exothermically by contact with the heat-generating agent H; A water passage portion T is arranged in the .
図１乃至図７の第一形態例において、Ｈは発熱剤であって、この場合、図２、図５の如く、透水性袋Ｈ１内に生石灰（酸化カルシウム・ＣaＯ）粉末及びアルミニウム（ＡＬ）粉末の混合粉末Ｈ３を充填し、ヒートシール部Ｈ２・Ｈ２・Ｈ２で三方シールされてなり、透水性袋Ｈ１は、ポリプロピレン繊維及びレーヨン繊維の多層構造の不織布が用いられ、生石灰粉末の純度、粒度、及びアルミニウム粉末の粒度、生石灰粉末とアルミニウム粉末との混合割合は、発熱剤Ｈと水との接触により生ずる発熱反応の立ち上がり時間及び立ち上がり温度、救助に至るまでに必要な温度の持続時間等を考慮して定めることになる。 1 to 7, H is an exothermic agent, and in this case, as shown in FIGS . ) Filled with mixed powder H 3 of powder and sealed on three sides with heat-sealed parts H 2 · H 2 · H 2 , water-permeable bag H 1 is made of multi-layered nonwoven fabric of polypropylene fiber and rayon fiber, The purity and grain size of the quicklime powder, the grain size of the aluminum powder, and the mixing ratio of the quicklime powder and the aluminum powder are determined by the time and temperature at which the exothermic reaction caused by the contact between the exothermic agent H and water, and the temperature required for rescue. It is determined by taking into consideration the duration of the temperature and other factors.
又、上記吸水シートＳは、この場合、図２、図６の如く、高分子吸水材Ｓ１（高吸水性高分子・高吸水性ポリマー）を含有する綿状のパルプＳ２、パルプＳ２を包む吸水紙Ｓ３・Ｓ３、この場合、二枚の吸水紙Ｓ３・Ｓ３で挟んでパルプＳ２を包み、及び、吸水紙Ｓ３・Ｓ３を包む不織布Ｓ４・Ｓ４からなるゴム系のホットメルト接着剤Ｓ７による３層構造の吸水性の高いシート材で構成され、吸水シートＳの二枚の不織布Ｓ４・Ｓ４でパルプＳ２を包む吸水紙Ｓ３・Ｓ３を挟み、二枚の不織布Ｓ４・Ｓ４の外周部４カ所をヒートシール部Ｓ５・Ｓ５・・により・・熱圧着固定して形成されている。 2 and 6, the water-absorbing sheet S is flocculent pulp S 2 or pulp S 2 containing a high-molecular-weight water-absorbing material S 1 (high water-absorbing polymer/high-water-absorbing polymer). In this case, the pulp S2 is sandwiched between two water-absorbent papers S3 - S3 , and the non-woven fabric S4 - S4 that wraps the water-absorbent papers S3 - S3 Water absorbing paper S 3 · S which is composed of a sheet material with a three-layer structure and high water absorption by a rubber-based hot melt adhesive S 7 , and wraps pulp S 2 with two nonwoven fabrics S 4 · S 4 of the water absorbing sheet S 3 are interposed therebetween, four outer peripheral portions of two non-woven fabrics S 4 and S 4 are thermally compressed and fixed by heat-sealed portions S 5 and S 5 .
又、上記封入袋体Ｆは、図１、図２の如く、外面がポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、中間にアルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＶＭ－ＰＥＴ）及び内面にポリエチレン（ＰＥ）の３層構造にしてガスバリアー性（非透湿性）及び遮光性の高いアルミニウム袋Ｆ１から構成され、アルミニウム袋Ｆ１の３カ所を開口部Ｆ３を残してヒートシール部Ｆ２・Ｆ２・Ｆ２により熱圧着固定し、この三方袋タイプのアルミニウム袋Ｆ１内に発熱剤Ｈを包み込んだ吸水シートＳを封入した後、開口部Ｆ３をヒートシール部Ｆ２で熱圧着固定することになる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the enclosing bag F has a three-layer structure of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on the outer surface, aluminum-deposited polyethylene terephthalate (VM-PET) in the middle, and polyethylene (PE) on the inner surface. It consists of an aluminum bag F1 with high barrier properties (non-moisture permeability) and light shielding properties, and the aluminum bag F1 is thermocompression-bonded and fixed at three locations with heat-sealed portions F2 , F2 , and F2 , leaving an opening F3. Then, after the water-absorbing sheet S containing the exothermic agent H is enclosed in the three-sided aluminum bag F1 , the opening F3 is fixed by thermocompression with the heat seal portion F2 .
この場合、図１、図３の如く、上記通水口部Ｔとして、上記封入袋体Ｆの左右対向位置に直径６ｍｍ程度の丸穴が４個宛、計８個、表面から裏面に至る通し穴状に形成され、封入袋体Ｆは横１３０ｍｍ×縦１８０ｍｍ程度の大きさに形成されている。 In this case, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, four circular holes having a diameter of about 6 mm are provided at the right and left facing positions of the encapsulating bag F as the water passage portion T, for a total of eight through holes extending from the front surface to the back surface. The enclosing bag F is formed in a size of about 130 mm wide by 180 mm long.
この実施の第一形態例は上記構成であるから、図１、図２の如く、上記吸水シートＳの三本の仮想折線Ｓ６により形成される６区画のうちの１区画に上記発熱剤Ｈを載置し、図４（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）の手順で三本の仮想折線Ｓ６の位置で吸水シートＳを折り畳み、同図（ｃ）の如く、吸水シートＳにより発熱剤Ｈを包み込み、図４の如く、折り畳み状態において、発熱剤Ｈを吸水シートＳの中央位置に包み込み、図１、図３の如く、発熱剤Ｈを包み込んだ吸水シートＳを封入袋体Ｆ内に封入し、開口部Ｆ３をヒートシール部Ｆ２で熱圧着固定し、救命採暖具Ｒを製作することになる。 Since this first embodiment has the above configuration, one of the six sections formed by the three imaginary folding lines S6 of the water absorbent sheet S is provided with the exothermic agent H as shown in FIGS. 4(a), (b), and (c), the water absorbent sheet S is folded at the positions of the three virtual folding lines S6 , and as shown in FIG. 4(c), the water absorbent sheet S generates heat. 4, the exothermic agent H is wrapped in the central position of the water absorbent sheet S in the folded state, and the water absorbent sheet S including the exothermic agent H is placed in the enclosing bag F as shown in FIGS. , and the opening F3 is thermocompression-fixed with the heat-sealed part F2 to manufacture the life-saving warming device R.
そして、図７の如く、この救命採暖具Ｒを救命胴衣Ｗ等の救命具に収納し、例えば、装着者の心臓の近傍に対向する位置に形成されたポケット内に救命採暖具Ｒを配置して乗船、磯釣り時等の海難事故等に備えることになる。 Then, as shown in FIG. 7, this lifesaving warming device R is housed in a lifesaving device such as a life jacket W, and for example, the lifesaving warming device R is placed in a pocket formed in a position facing the vicinity of the wearer's heart. It will prepare for marine accidents, etc., when boarding a ship or when fishing from a rock.
この際、例えば、装着者が不測の海難事故や水難事故に遭遇し、装着者が海中や水中に投げ出されたとき、救命胴衣Ｗ等の救命具に収納された上記救命採暖具Ｒは海水や淡水の水に接触し、通水口部Ｔから直ちに封入袋体Ｆ内に海水等の水が侵入し、海水等の水は吸水シートＳに吸水され、水は吸水シートＳに包み込まれた発熱剤Ｈの透水性袋Ｈ１を通過して発熱剤Ｈの内部に侵入し、発熱剤Ｈと水との接触により発熱反応が生じ、発熱反応により生じた熱は吸水シートＳ及び封入袋体Ｆを介して遭難者に伝導され、吸水シートＳに吸水された水は発熱反応による熱によって蒸発して水蒸気が発生し、水蒸気は救命胴衣Ｗの内部空間に籠もり、水蒸気の対流により遭難者に熱が伝わり、しかして、発熱反応により生じた熱は封入袋体Ｆ内の熱伝導を経た後、封入袋体Ｆからの熱伝達、水蒸気による対流及び熱放射により遭難者に伝わり、遭難者は熱伝達、対流及び熱放射により暖を採ることができ、救命採暖具Ｒにより遭難者は身体の心臓部、手足部、頭部などを暖めることができ、さらに、発熱剤Ｈを包み込む吸水シートＳの高吸水性により発熱の維持時間及び効率的な発熱作用を長く得ることができ、吸水シートＳの存在により遭難者に対する熱傷も防ぐことができ、長時間にわたる漂流も可能となって海難事故等に対する有効な対策とすることができる。 At this time, for example, when the wearer encounters an unexpected marine accident or water accident and the wearer is thrown into the sea or water, the life-saving warming device R stored in a life-saving device such as a life jacket W may be exposed to seawater or freshwater. When the exothermic agent H comes into contact with the water, the water such as seawater immediately enters the enclosed bag body F from the water passage portion T, the water such as seawater is absorbed by the water absorbent sheet S, and the water is wrapped in the water absorbent sheet S. The water permeable bag H 1 penetrates into the exothermic agent H, and an exothermic reaction occurs due to the contact between the exothermic agent H and water. The water absorbed by the water-absorbing sheet S evaporates due to the heat generated by the exothermic reaction, generating steam. After the heat generated by the exothermic reaction passes through the heat conduction inside the enclosing bag F, it is transmitted to the victim by heat transfer from the enclosing bag F, convection by steam, and heat radiation, and the victim receives heat transfer. , convection and heat radiation, and the life-saving equipment R can warm the heart, limbs, and head of the victim. Due to water absorption, heat generation can be maintained for a long time and efficient heat generation action can be obtained, and the presence of the water-absorbing sheet S can prevent burns to victims, and it is possible to drift for a long time, which is effective against marine accidents. can be taken as a countermeasure.
この場合、図５の如く、上記発熱剤Ｈは、透水性袋Ｈ１内に生石灰（酸化カルシウム）粉末及びアルミニウム粉末の混合粉末Ｈ３を充填してなるから、海水等の水と生石灰との反応、水と生石灰との反応によって生成される水酸化カルシウムとアルミニウムとの反応により発熱反応までの立ち上がり時間の短縮及び発熱量の増大、発熱温度、発熱時間の維持を図ることができ、発熱開始時より過度な発熱が抑えられ適度な発熱温度の維持を図ることができ、さらには、発熱剤Ｈの軽量化を図ることができ、使用の利便性を高めることができる。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the exothermic agent H is formed by filling the mixed powder H3 of quicklime (calcium oxide) powder and aluminum powder in the water-permeable bag H1 , so that water such as seawater and quicklime The reaction between calcium hydroxide and aluminum produced by the reaction of water and quicklime shortens the rise time up to the exothermic reaction, increases the amount of heat generated, maintains the heat generation temperature and heat generation time, and starts heat generation. Excessive heat generation can be suppressed from time to time, and an appropriate heat generation temperature can be maintained. Furthermore, the weight of the exothermic agent H can be reduced, and the convenience of use can be improved.
又、この場合、図６の如く、上記吸水シートＳは、高分子吸水材Ｓ１（高吸水性高分子・高吸水性ポリマー）を含有する綿状のパルプＳ２、パルプＳ２を包む吸水紙Ｓ３・Ｓ３、この場合、二枚の吸水紙Ｓ３・Ｓ２で挟んでパルプＳ２を包み、及び、吸水紙Ｓ３・Ｓ３を包む不織布Ｓ４・Ｓ４からなるホットメルト接着剤Ｓ７による３層構造の吸水性の高いシート材で構成されているから、発熱剤Ｈを包み込む吸水シートＳの高吸水性により発熱の維持時間及び効率的な発熱作用を長く得ることができ、加水により膨張する高分子吸収材Ｓ１の採用により発熱開始時より適度な過度な発熱が抑えられ、適度な発熱温度の維持を図ることができ、吸水シートＳの存在により遭難者に対する熱傷も防ぐことができ、長時間にわたる漂流も可能となって海難事故等に対する有効な対策とすることができる。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the water-absorbing sheet S includes a cotton-like pulp S 2 containing a high-molecular water-absorbing material S 1 (superabsorbent polymer/high-absorbent polymer), and a water-absorbent material surrounding the pulp S 2 . Paper S 3 /S 3 , in this case, sandwiched between two water absorbent papers S 3 /S 2 to wrap the pulp S 2 , and a hot melt consisting of a nonwoven fabric S 4 /S 4 wrapping the water absorbent papers S 3 /S 3 Since the sheet material has a three-layer structure with the adhesive S7 and is highly water-absorbing, the high water-absorbing property of the water-absorbing sheet S enveloping the exothermic agent H makes it possible to maintain the heat generation for a long time and to obtain an efficient heat-generating action. Excessive heat generation can be suppressed from the start of heat generation by adopting the polymer absorbent material S1 that expands with water, and a moderate heat generation temperature can be maintained. It is also possible to prevent drifting for a long time, which is an effective measure against accidents at sea.
又、この場合、図１、図２の如く、上記封入袋体Ｆは、外面がポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、中間にアルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＶＭ－ＰＥＴ）及び内面にポリエチレン（ＰＥ）の３層構造のアルミニウム袋Ｆ１から構成されているから、アルミニウム袋Ｆ１のアルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレートにより非透湿性（ガスバリアー性）、高遮光性及び高熱伝導率を得ることができ、発熱剤Ｈの生石灰の経年劣化を防いで使用の耐久性を向上することができ、緊急時に対応することができる。 In this case, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the enclosing bag F has a three-layer structure of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on the outer surface, aluminum-deposited polyethylene terephthalate (VM-PET) on the middle, and polyethylene (PE) on the inner surface. Since the aluminum bag F1 is composed of the aluminum bag F1, the aluminum-deposited polyethylene terephthalate of the aluminum bag F1 can provide non-moisture permeability (gas barrier property), high light shielding property, and high thermal conductivity. The durability of use can be improved by preventing deterioration over time, and it is possible to respond to emergencies.
図８の第二形態例は封入袋体Ｆの別例構造を示し、この場合、上記通水口部Ｔとして、上記第一形態例に比べ、上記封入袋体Ｆの上下対向位置に直径６ｍｍ程度の丸穴が４個宛、計８個、表面から裏面に至る通し穴状に形成され、封入袋体Ｆは横１３０ｍｍ×縦１８０ｍｍ程度の大きさに形成している。 The second embodiment of FIG. 8 shows a different structure of the enclosing bag F. In this case, compared to the first embodiment, the water passage portion T has a diameter of about 6 mm at a position facing the upper and lower sides of the enclosing bag F. 4 round holes, totaling 8, are formed in a through-hole shape extending from the front surface to the back surface, and the enclosing bag body F is formed to have a size of about 130 mm wide by 180 mm long.
図９の第三形態例も封入袋体Ｆの別例構造を示し、この場合、上記通水口部Ｔとして、上記第一形態例に比べ、上記封入袋体Ｆの片面に横３０ｍｍ×縦４０ｍｍ程度の四角穴状に形成され、封入袋体Ｆは横１３０ｍｍ×縦１８０ｍｍ程度の大きさに形成している。 The third embodiment of FIG. 9 also shows another example structure of the enclosing bag F. In this case, compared to the first embodiment, the water flow port T is 30 mm wide by 40 mm long on one side of the enclosing bag F, compared to the first embodiment. The enclosing bag F is formed to have a size of about 130 mm wide by 180 mm long.
図１０の第四形態例も封入袋体Ｆの別例構造を示し、上記第一形態例にあっては、三方袋タイプとなっているが、この場合、合掌タイプ（背貼りタイプ）のアルミニウム袋Ｆ１とされ、この合掌タイプのアルミニウム袋Ｆ１内に発熱剤Ｈを包み込んだ吸水シートＳを封入した後、ヒートシール部Ｆ２・Ｆ２・Ｆ２の三位置で熱圧着固定し、上記通水口部Ｔとして、上記第一形態例に比べ、上記封入袋体Ｆの上下対向位置に直径６ｍｍ程度の丸穴が４個宛、計８個、表面から裏面に至る通し穴状に形成され、封入袋体Ｆは横１３０ｍｍ×縦１８０ｍｍ程度の大きさに形成している。 The fourth embodiment of FIG. 10 also shows another example structure of the enclosing bag body F, and in the above first embodiment, it is a three-sided bag type, but in this case, the palm-to-palm type (back sticking type) aluminum A bag F1 is formed, and after enclosing a water-absorbing sheet S containing an exothermic agent H in this palm-to-palm-type aluminum bag F1 , the bag is fixed by thermocompression at three positions of the heat-sealed portions F2 , F2 , and F2 , As the water flow port T, compared to the first embodiment, four round holes with a diameter of about 6 mm are formed at the upper and lower positions of the encapsulating bag F, for a total of eight holes. The enclosing bag F is formed to have a size of approximately 130 mm wide by 180 mm long.
図１１の第五形態例は吸水シートＳの別例構造を示し、この場合、上記吸水シートＳの二本の仮想折線Ｓ６により形成される３区画のうちの１区画に上記発熱剤Ｈを載置し、図１１（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）の手順で二本の仮想折線Ｓ６の位置で吸水シートＳを折り畳み、同図（ｃ）の如く、吸水シートＳにより発熱剤Ｈを包み込み、発熱剤Ｈを包み込んだ吸水シートＳを封入袋体Ｆ内に封入する構造ととしている。 The fifth embodiment of FIG. 11 shows another structure of the water absorbent sheet S. In this case, the exothermic agent H is placed in one of the three sections formed by the two imaginary folding lines S6 of the water absorbent sheet S. 11(a), (b), and (c), the water absorbent sheet S is folded at the positions of the two imaginary folding lines S6 , and the exothermic agent is applied by the water absorbent sheet S as shown in FIG. 11(c). The structure is such that a water absorbent sheet S enveloping H and an exothermic agent H is enclosed in an enclosing bag F.
これら第二形態例、第三形態例、第四形態例及び第五形態例にあっても、上記、第一形態例と同様な作用効果を得ることができる。 Even in these second, third, fourth, and fifth examples, the same effects as those of the first example can be obtained.
図１２乃至図１４の第六形態例は別例構造を示し、この場合、上記救命採暖具Ｒ及び非常食Ｅを包装可能な包装袋体Ｂを形成し、この場合、包装袋体Ｂは合成樹脂、例えば、ポリプロピレンフィルム（ＰＰ）、アルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＶＭ－ＰＥＴ）等により製作され、この包装袋体Ｂに上記救命採暖具Ｒ及び、飲料水袋、栄養食品、レトルト食品、インスタント食品などの非常食Ｅを封入袋体Ｆと一緒に収納し、包装袋体Ｂに開裂用ノッチＮ・Ｎを形成して構成している。 The sixth embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 shows another structure, in which a packaging bag B capable of packaging the life-saving warming device R and emergency food E is formed. In this case, the packaging bag B is synthetic. Made of resin such as polypropylene film (PP), aluminum-deposited polyethylene terephthalate (VM-PET), etc., the above-mentioned lifesaving warmer R, drinking water bag, nutritional food, retort food, instant food, etc. The emergency food E is stored together with the enclosing bag body F, and the packaging bag body B is formed with notches N and N for splitting.
この第六形態例にあっては、上記第一形態例の図７と同様に、救命採暖具Ｒ及び非常食Ｅを収納した包装袋体Ｂを救命胴衣Ｗ等の救命具に収納して乗船、磯釣り時等の海難事故等に備えることになり、海難事故等に遭遇したとき、包装袋体Ｂを開裂用ノッチＮを用いて開封すると上記救命採暖具Ｒの通水口部Ｔから封入袋体Ｆ内に海水等の水が侵入して発熱剤Ｈと水との接触により発熱反応が生じ、上記第一形態例と同様な作用効果を得ることができ、さらに、包装袋体Ｂに収納した非常食Ｅにより、一層、長時間にわたる漂流に備えることができ、海難事故等に対する有効な対策とすることができる。 In this sixth embodiment, similarly to FIG. 7 of the first embodiment, the packaging bag B containing the life-saving warming device R and the emergency food E is stored in a life-saving device such as a life jacket W and boarded. In preparation for a sea accident during rock fishing, etc., when a sea accident occurs, when the packaging bag B is opened using the notch N for tearing apart, the enclosure bag body is opened from the water passage portion T of the lifesaving warming device R. When water such as seawater enters F, an exothermic reaction occurs due to the contact between exothermic agent H and water. The emergency food E makes it possible to prepare for drifting for a longer period of time, which is an effective countermeasure against marine accidents and the like.
尚、本発明は上記実施の形態例のものに限られるものではなく、例えば、上記通水口部Ｔの形状や配置位置等、発熱剤Ｈの種類や組成等、吸水シートＳの材質や積層構造等、封入袋体Ｆの材質や積層構造等、包装袋体Ｂの材質や積層構造等、救命採暖具Ｒ、救命胴衣Ｗ、透水性袋Ｈ１、混合粉末Ｈ３、高分子吸水材Ｓ１、パルプＳ２、吸水紙Ｓ３、不織布Ｓ４、アルミニウム袋Ｆ１、非常食Ｅの形状、材質、組成や構造等は適宜変更して設計されることになる。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Etc., material and layered structure of enclosing bag F, material and layered structure of packaging bag B, life-saving warmer R, life jacket W, water-permeable bag H 1 , mixed powder H 3 , polymer water-absorbing material S 1 , pulp S 2 , absorbent paper S 3 , nonwoven fabric S 4 , aluminum bag F 1 , and emergency food E are designed by appropriately changing the shape, material, composition, structure, and the like.
以上の如く、所期の目的を充分達成することができる。 As described above, the intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.
Ｒ 救命採暖具
Ｗ 救命胴衣
Ｈ 発熱剤
Ｈ１ 透水性袋
Ｈ３ 混合粉末
Ｓ 吸水シート
Ｓ１ 高分子吸水材
Ｓ２ パルプ
Ｓ３ 吸水紙
Ｓ４ 不織布
Ｆ 封入袋体
Ｆ１ アルミニウム袋
Ｔ 通水口部
Ｅ 非常食
Ｂ 包装袋体
R Life-saving warmer W Life jacket H Exothermic agent H 1 Water-permeable bag H 3 Mixed powder S Water-absorbing sheet S 1 Polymer water-absorbing material S 2 Pulp S 3 Water-absorbing paper S 4 Non-woven fabric F Sealed bag F 1 Aluminum bag T Water passage E Emergency food B Packaging bag
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| JP2012090873A (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-17 | Suzuki Yushi Kogyo Kk | Water-absorbing exothermic patch sheet |
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| JP2007143570A (en) | 2005-11-04 | 2007-06-14 | Mycoal Products Corp | Heating implement and heating pack |
| KR100778141B1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-11-23 | 이동희 | Lifesaving Jacket including Heating Generator |
| JP3128765U (en) | 2006-11-01 | 2007-01-25 | 賀代子 森 | Disposable coasters and universal seats |
| KR101181309B1 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2012-09-10 | 오종환 | Heating pack |
| JP6553337B2 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | 小林製薬株式会社 | Multi-layer film for disposable outer bag and disposable body warmer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012090873A (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-17 | Suzuki Yushi Kogyo Kk | Water-absorbing exothermic patch sheet |
| CN107600366A (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-19 | 南京瑞安腾企业管理咨询有限公司 | A kind of boat-carrying life vest of dipper system |
| KR101982248B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 | 2019-05-24 | 강병환 | Distress prevention system and distress prevention method using the system |
| CN111017159A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 东台市兴盾船舶设备有限公司 | Assembled type warm-keeping life jacket capable of automatically emitting light at night |
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| JP7514985B2 (en) | 2024-07-11 |
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