JP7305356B2 - H2発生との統合による空気からのco2の省エネルギー除去 - Google Patents
H2発生との統合による空気からのco2の省エネルギー除去 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Claims (21)
- システムであって、
入力としてのpHが7を超える捕捉ストリーム(アルカリ捕捉ストリーム)と、
出力としてのpHが7を超える枯渇ストリーム(アルカリ枯渇ストリーム)(ここで、「枯渇ストリーム」は、「捕捉ストリーム」よりも低い濃度の溶解した無機炭素を有する)と、
出力としての枯渇ストリームを有する二酸化炭素除去ユニット動作と、
一連の電解槽であって、各電解槽が、CO2豊富入力ストリームを受け取り、CO2豊富入力ストリームよりも酸性であるCO2豊富出力ストリームを生成するチャンバと、CO2欠乏入力ストリームを受け取り、CO2欠乏入力ストリームよりもアルカリ性であるCO2欠乏出力ストリームを生成するチャンバとを有し、これらのチャンバが、イオン選択膜とその両側に位置する電極で分離されており、前記電解槽が、水素および酸素も生成する、一連の電解槽と、を備え、
少なくとも1つの初期電解槽が、そのCO2豊富入力ストリームとしてアルカリ捕捉ストリームを受け取り、
少なくとも1つの最終電解槽が、CO2豊富出力ストリームを前記二酸化炭素除去ユニット動作に送り、
少なくとも1つの戻り電解槽が、前記二酸化炭素除去ユニット動作から、CO2欠乏入力ストリームとして前記枯渇ストリームを受け取り、
前記システムから出力される前記アルカリ枯渇ストリームが、1つ以上の電解槽からのCO2欠乏出力ストリームを含む、システム。 - 前記初期電解槽、前記最終電解槽、および前記戻り電解槽が、同じ電解槽である、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記初期電解槽および前記最終電解槽が、異なる電解槽である、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムに圧力を提供するための少なくとも1つのポンプをさらに備え、前記ポンプが、電解槽ごとにシステムポンプまたは個別ポンプのうちの少なくとも1つを備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つのポンプが、各セル中の二酸化炭素の所望の分圧よりも高い各電解槽中の圧力を維持する、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記電解槽が、陽イオン交換膜または陰イオン交換膜のうちの少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記アルカリ捕捉ストリーム中に溶解している炭素が、周囲大気、ガスの混合物、または燃焼プロセスからの排気のうちの1つから捕捉される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記二酸化炭素除去ユニット動作の入力ストリームおよび前記枯渇ストリームのうちの少なくとも1つに接続された、少なくとも1つの再生器をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記アルカリ捕捉ストリームにおいて前記電解槽に接続された酸素除去導管をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記アルカリ捕捉ストリームが、大気としての外気と接触する炭素捕捉塔をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 再生可能な電源を含む前記電解槽用の電源をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 大気から二酸化炭素を除去して水素を発生させる方法であって、
大気からの二酸化炭素をpHが7を超える捕捉溶液(アルカリ捕捉溶液)中に捕捉することと、
前記アルカリ捕捉溶液をCO2豊富経路で一連の電解槽に送ることであって、各電解槽セルが、入力されたCO2豊富溶液の酸性度を上げるチャンバを有する、送ることと、
二酸化炭素捕捉ユニット動作で酸性度が上げられたCO2豊富溶液から二酸化炭素を除去して、CO2欠乏溶液を生成することと、
前記CO2欠乏溶液を戻り経路で前記一連の電解槽に送ることであって、各電解槽が、CO2欠乏溶液のアルカリ度を上げるチャンバを有する、送ることと、
アルカリ度が上げられたCO2欠乏溶液を前記二酸化炭素捕捉ユニット動作に戻すことと、を含み、
前記酸性度を上げるチャンバとアルカリ度を上げるチャンバとがイオン選択膜とその両側に位置する電極で分離されている、方法。 - アルカリ度を上げるために、KOH、KHCO3、K2CO3、NaOH、Na2CO3、およびNaHCO3からなる群のうちの少なくとも1つの塩基溶液を用いる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 同伴CO2を最小化または再吸収することのうち少なくとも1つと組み合わされた、前記CO2豊富経路内の前記電解槽から酸素を捕捉することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 混合容器中の各電解槽の出力を混合することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記電解槽が、地球に豊富な材料を含む触媒を使用する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記電解槽中の圧力を、電解槽から出力されるCO2豊富溶液中の二酸化炭素の分圧より高いように制御することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記CO2豊富溶液から二酸化炭素を追い出すために、前記二酸化炭素捕捉ユニット動作中の圧力を低下することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 酸化還元活性でない塩を前記アルカリ捕捉溶液に添加することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 電解槽であって、
第1の入力ストリームを受け取る第1のチャンバであって、前記第1の入力ストリームよりも酸性である第1の出力ストリームを生成する、第1のチャンバと、
第1の電極と、
第2の入力ストリームを受け取る第2のチャンバであって、前記第2の入力ストリームよりもアルカリ性である第2の出力ストリームを生成する、第2のチャンバと、
第2の電極と、
前記電極に接続された電圧源と、
イオン選択膜と、を備え、
前記イオン選択膜と、前記イオン選択膜の両側に配置された第1の電極及び第2の電極とが、前記第2のチャンバから前記第1のチャンバを分離し、
前記イオン選択膜にわたる局部的なpH降下を減少するために、前記電解槽が、前記第1の入力ストリームおよび前記第2の入力ストリームの流れを制御するように構成される、電解槽。 - 前記第1および第2のチャンバのうちの少なくとも1つに配置された、少なくとも1つのスペーサをさらに含む、請求項20に記載の電解槽。
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