JP7377076B2 - 圧粉磁心の製造方法 - Google Patents
圧粉磁心の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7377076B2 JP7377076B2 JP2019208410A JP2019208410A JP7377076B2 JP 7377076 B2 JP7377076 B2 JP 7377076B2 JP 2019208410 A JP2019208410 A JP 2019208410A JP 2019208410 A JP2019208410 A JP 2019208410A JP 7377076 B2 JP7377076 B2 JP 7377076B2
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 109
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- -1 mercaptomethyl Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000005370 alkoxysilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000889 permalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWOVEJBDMKHZQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN1C(=O)N(CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)C(=O)N(CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)C1=O QWOVEJBDMKHZQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002796 Si–Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LAQFLZHBVPULPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(phenyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si]C1=CC=CC=C1 LAQFLZHBVPULPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000702 sendust Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0246—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits by moulding or by pressing powder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14791—Fe-Si-Al based alloys, e.g. Sendust
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
- H01F1/26—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated by macromolecular organic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F2027/348—Preventing eddy currents
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
圧粉磁心は、インダクタ及びリアクトルとも呼ばれるコイルのコアに用いられる磁性体である。この圧粉磁心は、軟磁性粉末を加圧成形及び焼鈍して成る。軟磁性粉末としては、低酸化雰囲気下での焼鈍によって酸化され得る元素が含有していればよい。典型的には、この軟磁性粉末としては、鉄を主成分とするパーマロイ(Fe-Ni合金)、Si含有鉄合金(Fe-Si合金)、センダスト合金(Fe-Si-Al合金)、アモルファス合金、純鉄粉等が挙げられる。
この圧粉磁心は、少なくとも軟磁性粉末の加圧成形工程と焼鈍とも呼ばれる成形体熱処理工程を経て製造される。加圧成形工程の前に、軟磁性粉末を熱処理する粉末熱処理工程、絶縁材料で軟磁性粉末を被覆する絶縁処理工程、潤滑剤を添加する潤滑剤添加工程の少なくとも一つを実行してもよい。粉末熱処理工程と絶縁処理工程とを含む場合、粉末熱処理工程が先の工程である。潤滑剤添加工程を含む場合、潤滑剤添加工程は加圧成形工程の直前工程である。即ち、全ての工程を実行する場合、軟磁性粉末に対して粉末熱処理工程、絶縁処理工程、潤滑剤添加工程、加圧成形工程及び成形体熱処理工程が、この順番で実行される。
粉末熱処理工程では、非酸化雰囲気又は大気雰囲気下で軟磁性粉末を加熱する。非酸化雰囲気は、真空雰囲気又は不活性ガス雰囲気が好ましい。不活性ガスとしては、H2やN2が挙げられる。加熱時間は、例えば1~6時間程度である。この粉末熱処理工程では、500℃以上700℃以下の温度環境下で軟磁性粉末を加熱することが好ましい。この粉末熱処理工程において、500℃以上700℃以下の温度環境下で軟磁性粉末を加熱すると、ヒステリシス損失の低減効果を得ることができる。推測であり、このメカニズムに限定されないが、ヒステリシス損失が低減するのは次の理由の通りと考えられる。
絶縁処理工程では、軟磁性粉末の外側に絶縁材料による絶縁層を形成する。単層の絶縁層を軟磁性粉末の外側に形成する絶縁処理工程では、絶縁層に含める全絶縁材料を軟磁性粉末と混合し、加熱乾燥させる。絶縁材料の種類ごとに層を分けた絶縁層を軟磁性粉末の外側に形成する絶縁処理工程では、軟磁性粉末と絶縁材料との混合と加熱乾燥を下層から最外表層へ順番に繰り返す。尚、軟磁性粉末と他の材料とを混合する際は、混合機(W型、V型)、ポットミル等を使用して行い、この時、軟磁性粉末に内部歪が入らないように混合することが好ましい。
潤滑剤混合工程では、得られた軟磁性粉末に対し、潤滑剤を添加し、混合する工程である。この混合工程により、絶縁層の表面に潤滑剤が被覆される。潤滑剤として、ステアリン酸及びその金属塩ならびにエチレンビスステアラマイド、エチレンビスステアレートアミドなどのワックスが使用できる。潤滑剤を混合することにより、軟磁性粉末同士の滑りが良くなり、混合時の密度を向上させ成形密度が高くなる。また、潤滑剤を混合することにより、成形時の上パンチの抜き圧低減、金型と粉末の接触によるコア壁面の縦筋の発生が抑制される。
成形工程では、軟磁性粉末を加圧成形することにより、成形体を形成する。成形時の圧力は10~20ton/cm2であり、平均で12~15ton/cm2程度が好ましい。
成形体熱処理工程では、加圧成形工程を経た成形体を加熱して歪を除去する。加熱環境の温度帯としては、650℃以上850℃以下が好ましい。650℃未満であると、歪除去の効果が限定的となる。850℃超であると、絶縁材料により成る絶縁層が破壊され、絶縁材料により成る絶縁層に起因する渦電流損失の低減効果が減殺される。
Pcv =Kh×f+Ke×f2・・(1)
Ph =Kh×f・・(2)
Pe =Ke×f2・・(3)
Pcv:鉄損
Kh :ヒステリシス損失係数
Ke :渦電流損失係数
f :周波数
Ph :ヒステリシス損失
Pe :渦電流損失
(表1)
Claims (5)
- 軟磁性粉末を所定形状の成形体に成形する加圧成形工程と、
前記加圧成形工程を経た前記成形体を、酸素濃度が0.1%以上5%以下の雰囲気下で、650℃以上850℃以下で熱処理する成形体熱処理工程と、
を含み、
前記成形体熱処理工程前は酸化被膜が未形成である前記軟磁性粉末に対し、前記成形体熱処理工程で酸化被膜を形成すること、
を特徴とする圧粉磁心の製造方法。 - 前記成形体熱処理工程では、酸素濃度が0.1%以上1%以下の雰囲気下で熱処理すること、
を特徴とする請求項1記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。 - 前記加圧成形工程前に、前記軟磁性粉末を500℃以上で熱処理する粉末熱処理工程を含むこと、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。 - 前記軟磁性粉末は、FeSiAl合金粉末であること、
を特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。 - 前記軟磁性粉末を絶縁材料で被覆する絶縁処理工程と、
前記絶縁処理工程を経た前記軟磁性粉末に潤滑剤を添加する潤滑剤添加工程と、
を前記加圧成形工程前に含むこと、
を特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載の圧粉磁心の製造方法。
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JP2019208410A JP7377076B2 (ja) | 2019-11-19 | 2019-11-19 | 圧粉磁心の製造方法 |
CN202011221588.5A CN112908668A (zh) | 2019-11-19 | 2020-11-05 | 压粉磁心的制造方法 |
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JP7377076B2 true JP7377076B2 (ja) | 2023-11-09 |
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