JP7228577B2 - 半導体装置製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7228577B2 JP7228577B2 JP2020516125A JP2020516125A JP7228577B2 JP 7228577 B2 JP7228577 B2 JP 7228577B2 JP 2020516125 A JP2020516125 A JP 2020516125A JP 2020516125 A JP2020516125 A JP 2020516125A JP 7228577 B2 JP7228577 B2 JP 7228577B2
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Description
焼結性粒子としての第1の銀粒子(平均粒径60nm,DOWAエレクトロニクス株式会社製)35.86質量部と、焼結性粒子としての第2の銀粒子(平均粒径1100nm,三井金属鉱業株式会社製)23.90質量部と、熱分解性高分子バインダーとしてのポリカーボネート樹脂(商品名「QPAC40」,重量平均分子量は150000,常温で固体,Empower Materials社製)0.87質量部と、低沸点バインダーとしてのイソボルニルシクロヘキサノール(商品名「テルソルブMTPH」,常温で液体,日本テルペン化学工業株式会社製)3.47質量部と、溶剤としてのメチルエチルケトン 35.91質量部とを、ハイブリッドミキサー(商品名「HM-500」,株式会社キーエンス製)をその撹拌モードで使用して混合し、ワニスを調製した。撹拌時間は3分間とした。そして、得られたワニスを、離型処理フィルム(商品名「MRA50」,三菱樹脂株式会社製)に塗布した後に乾燥させて、焼結接合用組成物の厚さ40μmのシート体を形成した。乾燥温度は110℃とし、乾燥時間は3分間とした。以上のようにして、焼結性粒子と、熱分解性高分子バインダーと、低沸点バインダーとを含む焼結接合用シートを作製した。
以下のような焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップの作製、当該チップの銅基板への仮固定による焼結接合ワークの作製、および当該ワークにおける一括焼結接合を行った。そして、焼結接合箇所についての観察を行った。
まず、平面電極(5mm角)を一方の面に有するシリコンチップ(5mm角,厚さ350μm)を用意した。平面電極は、シリコンチップ表面上のTi層(厚さ50nm)とその上のAu層(厚さ100nm)との積層構造を有する。次に、シリコンチップの平面電極に対し、圧着ロールを備えるラミネータを使用して焼結接合用シートを貼り合わせた。貼合せ温度は70℃であり、貼合せ用の荷重(圧着ロールによる圧力)は0.3MPaであり、圧着ロールの速度は10mm/秒である。貼り合わせの後、焼結接合用シートにおいてシリコンチップの平面電極に圧着された部分を当該電極上に残して同シートにおける他の部分を取り除き、5mm角の焼結接合用材料層を片面に伴うシリコンチップを得た。このようにして、必要数の焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップを作製した。
Ag膜(厚さ5μm)で全体が覆われた銅板(厚さ3mm)に対し、二つの焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップをその焼結接合用材料層側にて圧着させて仮固定し、焼結接合ワークを得た。このようにして、二つの焼結接合ワークを作製した。
加熱プレス用の一対の平行平板を備える焼結装置(商品名「HTM-3000」,伯東株式会社製)を使用して、複数の焼結接合ワークについて一括焼結接合を行った。具体的には、複数の焼結接合ワーク(それぞれ二つの焼結接合用材料層付き半導体チップが仮固定されている)とその上に重ねられた厚さ30μmの第1緩衝材シート(商品名「900UL」,日東電工株式会社製)とを、一対の平行平板における一対のプレス面の間に挟持させた状態で、当該プレス面間にて焼結接合ワークをその積層方向に加圧しつつ加熱過程を経て、各焼結接合ワークにおける各焼結接合用材料層から焼結層を形成した。このような焼結接合工程において、加圧力は10MPaとした。加熱過程では、昇温速度1.5℃/秒で80℃から300℃まで昇温して、300℃にて2.5分間保持した。その後、空冷によって170℃まで降温させ、そして水冷によって80℃まで降温させた。水冷は、平行平板内に設けられている水冷機構によるものである。
超音波映像装置(商品名「FineSAT FS200」,株式会社日立パワーソリューションズ製)を使用して、焼結接合ワークにおける各焼結接合箇所を観察した。各焼結接合ワークにおいて、二つのシリコンチップのそれぞれと銅基板との間に形成された各焼結層に接合不良(焼結層の周縁部が基板や半導体チップに接合していない状態)は見られなかった。その結果を表1に掲げる。
焼結接合工程において、厚さ30μmの第1緩衝材シートに代えて厚さ100μmの第2緩衝材シート(商品名「900UL」,日東電工株式会社製)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップの作製から一括焼結接合までを行い、且つ焼結接合箇所の観察を行った。各焼結接合ワークにおいて、二つのシリコンチップのそれぞれと銅基板との間に形成された各焼結層に接合不良(焼結層の周縁部が基板や半導体チップに接合していない状態)は見られなかった。その結果を表1に掲げる。
焼結接合工程において、厚さ30μmの第1緩衝材シートに代えて厚さ30μmの第3緩衝材シート(商品名「920UL」,日東電工株式会社製)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップの作製から一括焼結接合までを行い、且つ焼結接合箇所の観察を行った。各焼結接合ワークにおいて、二つのシリコンチップのそれぞれと銅基板との間に形成された各焼結層に接合不良(焼結層の周縁部が基板や半導体チップに接合していない状態)は見られなかった。その結果を表1に掲げる。
焼結接合工程において緩衝材シートを使用しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップの作製から一括焼結接合までを行い、且つ焼結接合箇所の観察を行った。焼結接合ワークにおいて焼結層に接合不良(焼結層の周縁部が基板や半導体チップに接合していない状態)を生じるものがあった。その結果を表1に掲げる。
焼結接合工程において、厚さ30μmの第1緩衝材シートに代えて厚さ30μmの第4緩衝材シートを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップの作製から一括焼結接合までを行い、且つ焼結接合箇所の観察を行った。第4緩衝材シートは次のようにして作製した。
焼結接合工程において、厚さ30μmの第1緩衝材シートに代えて厚さ30μmの第5緩衝材シート(商品名「9700UL」,日東電工株式会社製)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、焼結接合用材料層付きシリコンチップの作製から一括焼結接合までを行い、且つ焼結接合箇所の観察を行った。焼結接合ワークにおいて焼結層に接合不良(焼結層の周縁部が基板や半導体チップに接合していない状態)を生じるものがあった。その結果を表1に掲げる。
実施例1~3および比較例1~3で使用した各緩衝材シートについて、引張弾性率を調べた。具体的には、同一組成の緩衝材シート試料片(幅10mm×長さ40mm×厚さ100μm)について、引張試験機(商品名「オートグラフAGS-50NX」,株式会社島津製作所製)を使用して、初期チャック間距離10mm、23℃および引張速度50mm/分の条件で、引張試験を行った。そして、同試験の測定により得られた応力-歪み曲線における測定初期期間の立ち上がり直線部分の傾きから引張弾性率(MPa)を求めた。その結果を表1に掲げる。
実施例1~3および比較例1~3で使用した各緩衝材シートについて、耐熱性を調べた。その結果を表1に掲げる。具体的には、緩衝材シートから約10mgの試料を切り出し、この試料について、示差熱-熱重量同時測定装置(商品名「示差熱天秤 TG-DTA TG8120」,株式会社リガク製)を使用して、昇温過程での重量減少を測定した。本測定は、大気雰囲気下、基準重量温度である25℃から500℃まで昇温速度10℃/分にて昇温を行った。試料における25℃での重量(基準重量)から350℃での重量への減少率(%)を表1に掲げる。
比較例2で使用した第4緩衝材シートは、焼結接合工程を進めるにあたり、柔らかすぎて焼結接合ワーク上に重ね合わせるのが困難であった。これに対し、他の緩衝材シートでは、そのような問題を生じなかった。その結果を表1に掲げる。
比較例1,3では、一括焼結を経た焼結接合ワークにおいて割れや欠けの生じているシリコンチップがあった。実施例1~3および比較例2では、そのような割れや欠けは生じなかった。その結果を表1に掲げる。
第1面およびこれとは反対の第2面を有する基板、前記第1面側に配され且つ接合されることとなる複数の半導体チップ、および、各半導体チップと前記基板との間にそれぞれが介在する焼結性粒子含有の複数の焼結接合用材料層、を含む積層構成を有する焼結接合ワークを用意する工程と、
厚さ5~5000μmかつ引張弾性率2~150MPaの緩衝材シートおよび前記焼結接合ワークを重ねて一対のプレス面の間に挟持させた状態で、当該一対のプレス面間にて前記焼結接合ワークをその積層方向に加圧しつつ加熱過程を経ることにより、前記焼結接合用材料層から焼結層を形成する、焼結接合工程と、を含む半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記2〕
前記緩衝材シートの前記厚さは、10μm以上であり、好ましくは20μm以上であり、より好ましくは30μm以上である、付記1に記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記3〕
前記緩衝材シートの前記厚さは、3000μm以下であり、好ましくは1500μm以下、より好ましくは1000μm以下、より好ましくは500μm以下である、付記1または2に記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記4〕
前記緩衝材シートの前記引張弾性率は、5MPa以上であり、好ましくは15MPa以上、より好ましくは30MPa以上である、付記1から3のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記5〕
前記緩衝材シートの前記引張弾性率は、120MPa以下であり、好ましくは100MPa以下である、付記1から4のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記6〕
前記緩衝材シートは、大気雰囲気下、基準重量温度25℃、および昇温速度10℃/分の条件での重量減少測定における350℃での重量減少率が0.1%以下である、付記1から5のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記7〕
前記焼結接合工程における加熱温度は200℃以上であり且つ加圧力は5MPa以上である、付記1から6のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記8〕
前記焼結性粒子は、銀粒子、銅粒子、酸化銀粒子、および酸化銅粒子からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含む、付記1から7のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記9〕
前記焼結接合用材料層における前記焼結性粒子の含有割合は、60~99質量%であり、好ましくは65~98質量%、より好ましくは70~97質量%である、付記1から8のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
〔付記10〕
前記焼結層の厚さは、5~200μmであり、好ましくは10~150μmである、付記1から9のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
S 基板
C チップ(半導体チップ)
10 焼結接合用シート
11 焼結接合用材料層
12 焼結層
20 緩衝材シート
Pa プレス面
Claims (8)
- 第1面およびこれとは反対の第2面を有する基板、前記第1面側に配され且つ接合されることとなる複数の半導体チップ、および、各半導体チップと前記基板との間にそれぞれが介在する焼結性粒子含有の複数の焼結接合用材料層、を含む積層構成を有する焼結接合ワークを用意する工程と、
厚さ5~5000μmかつ引張弾性率2~150MPaの緩衝材シートおよび前記焼結接合ワークを重ねて一対のプレス面の間に挟持させた状態で、当該一対のプレス面間にて前記焼結接合ワークをその積層方向に、前記緩衝材シートが前記半導体チップ周りに閉空間を形成しないように加圧しつつ加熱過程を経ることにより、前記焼結接合用材料層から焼結層を形成する、焼結接合工程と、を含み、
前記焼結接合用材料層が、熱分解性高分子バインダーを含む、半導体装置製造方法。 - 前記熱分解性高分子バインダーが、ポリカーボネート樹脂及びアクリル樹脂から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置製造方法。
- 前記焼結接合用材料層における前記熱分解性高分子バインダーの含有量が0.5~10質量%である、請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置製造方法。
- 前記緩衝材シートは、大気雰囲気下、基準重量温度25℃、および昇温速度10℃/分の条件での重量減少測定における350℃での重量減少率が0.1%以下である、請求項1から3のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
- 前記焼結接合工程における加熱温度は200℃以上であり且つ加圧力は5MPa以上である、請求項1から4のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
- 前記焼結性粒子は、銀粒子、銅粒子、酸化銀粒子、および酸化銅粒子からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
- 前記焼結接合用材料層における前記焼結性粒子の含有割合は60~99質量%である、請求項1から6のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
- 前記焼結層の厚さは5~200μmである、請求項1から7のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置製造方法。
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