JP7171420B2 - vessel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to ships.

Patent document 1 shows an example of a demagnetization device for removing residual magnetism generated in a building structure. The demagnetizing device described in Patent Document 1 includes a DC power supply using a capacitor and a demagnetizing coil arranged on the surface of a building structure that generates residual magnetism. In the demagnetizing device described in Patent Document 1, a damped oscillating current of a resonance circuit specified by the capacitance of the capacitor and the resistance and inductance of the demagnetizing coil continues while changing the polarity of the demagnetizing coil. supplied by The demagnetizing device described in Patent Document 1 sequentially generates demagnetizing magnetic fields with different polarities in the demagnetizing coil, thereby removing the residual magnetism of the building structure once with a normal power supply regardless of its polarity and strength. Demagnetize by operation.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-102216

By the way, in the future, there is a desire to apply DC ring power distribution as a power distribution system for ships. In the case of AC power distribution, the magnetization of ship structural members was not a problem because it is single-phase and the polarity periodically changes. becomes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a ship capable of suppressing the magnetization of the hull caused by the direct current flowing in the power distribution system.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention is an inboard wiring that is arranged in a ship and transmits and distributes DC power from power generation equipment toward loads including propulsion equipment, and wiring included in the inboard wiring, a switching unit that switches the polarity or path of the current flowing through the first wiring that connects the power generation equipment and the propulsion equipment, and the switching unit is connected to one end of the first wiring in the vicinity of the power generation equipment. A first switching unit connected to switch the polarity of the current input to the first wiring, and a current output from the first wiring connected to the other end of the first wiring in the vicinity of the propulsion equipment It is a ship having a second switching unit for switching the polarity of .

Further, one aspect of the present invention is an inboard wiring that is arranged in a ship and transmits and distributes DC power from power generation equipment toward a load including propulsion equipment, and wiring included in the inboard wiring, wherein the power generation equipment and the a switching unit for switching the polarity or path of the current flowing through the first wiring connecting to the propulsion equipment, wherein the inboard wiring is between two different points on the ring-shaped wiring that constitutes the first wiring and the ring-shaped wiring. The switching unit has one or more switches inserted into the one or more connection wires, and the one or more switches are opened or closed By doing so, the ship switches the path of the current flowing through the first wiring.

Further, one aspect of the present invention is the above ship, further comprising a control unit that causes the switching unit to switch the polarity or the path each time an integrated value of the current flowing through the first wiring exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

According to each aspect of the present invention, since the polarity of the DC current can be changed by the switching unit, the magnetization of the hull caused by the DC current flowing in the power distribution system can be suppressed.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration example of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation example of a control device 5 shown in FIG. 1; FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the ship which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a first switching unit 41 and a second switching unit 42 shown in FIG. 3; FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the operation example of 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration example of a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a plan view for explaining an operation example of the switch 41 and the like shown in FIG. 6; 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an example configuration of a computer according to at least one embodiment; FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code|symbol is used for the same or corresponding structure, and description is abbreviate|omitted suitably.

(Basic configuration example of embodiment)
First, a basic configuration example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration example of an electric system 1a in a ship 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. An electrical system 1a of a ship 1 shown in FIG. The power distribution system 2 is a DC power distribution system and includes inboard wiring 3 and a switching unit 4 . The load 8 has a configuration in which a plurality of electrical loads operating on the DC power distributed by the power distribution system 2 in the ship 1 are integrated into one, and includes propulsion equipment 81 .

The inboard wiring 3 is wiring arranged inside the ship 1 including a main line (bus line) for distributing DC power, etc., and includes a first wiring 31. The first wiring 31 is a part of the inboard wiring 3 and is wiring for distributing direct current flowing from the power generation equipment 6 to the propulsion equipment 81 . That is, the first wiring 31 is wiring that connects the power generation equipment 6 and the propulsion equipment 81 . The switching unit 4 switches the polarity or path of the current flowing through the first wiring 31 according to the instruction from the control device 5 . The switching unit 4 is configured by having, for example, a plurality of electromagnetic switches.

The control device 5 is a control unit that is composed of a computer and its peripheral devices and that controls each unit such as the switching unit 4 by executing a predetermined program. The control device 5 has a function of acquiring the current flowing through the first wiring 31, the output current of the power generation equipment 6, the current consumption of the propulsion equipment 81, and the like.

The power generation equipment 6 has a generator 7 and transmits electric power generated by the generator 7 toward the load 8 via the inboard wiring 3 . The generator 7 is driven by a heat engine or the like (not shown) to generate AC or DC power. In addition, the power generation equipment 6 has a heat engine, a controller for the generator 7, a converter for converting the AC output of the generator 7 into a predetermined DC output, and the like.

Next, an operation example of the control device 5 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an operation example of the control device 5 shown in FIG. The control device 5 repeatedly executes the processing shown in FIG. 2 at predetermined time intervals. In the process shown in FIG. 2, the control device 5 first measures the current flowing through the first wiring 31 (step S1), and calculates the integrated value of the measured current (the value obtained by multiplying the current value of the DC current by the energization time). Calculate (step S2) and store in a predetermined storage device (step S3). Next, control device 5 determines whether the calculated integral value exceeds a predetermined threshold value (step S4).

When the integrated value exceeds the threshold value ("YES" in step S4), the control device 5 outputs a predetermined control signal to the switching unit 4 to change the polarity of the first wiring 31 or the path. The switching is instructed (step S5). Here, the switching unit 4 switches the polarity or path of the current flowing through the first wiring 31 according to the instruction from the control device 5 . Next, the control device 5 initializes the integral value to "0" (step S6), and terminates the processing shown in FIG. On the other hand, if the integrated value does not exceed the threshold value ("NO" in step S4), control device 5 terminates the process shown in FIG.

According to the above operation, the polarity of the DC current can be changed every time the integral value of the current exceeds the predetermined threshold value. The magnetization of the hull of the ship 1 can be suppressed.

The current measured in step S1 is not limited to the current flowing through the first wiring 31, and may be, for example, the output current of the power generation equipment 6, the consumption current of the propulsion equipment 81, or the like.

(First embodiment)
Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. FIG. FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams showing a configuration example of the ship 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the operating states of the switching unit 4 are different between FIGS. 3A and 3B. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the first switching section 41 and the second switching section 42 shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining an operation example of the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the first embodiment, the power generation equipment 6 has a three-phase AC generator 7 (corresponding to the generator 7 in FIG. 1) and an AC-DC converter 71. Also, the switching section 4 has a first switching section 41 and a second switching section 42 . Also, the first wiring 31 has a pair of wirings 31-1 and 31-2. Propulsion equipment 81 also includes a DC-AC converter 811 , a three-phase AC motor 812 (propulsion motor), and a propeller 813 .

In the first embodiment, the switching unit 4 is connected to one end of the first wiring 31 (one end of each of the wiring 31-1 and the wiring 31-2) in the vicinity of the power generation equipment 6. A first switching unit 41 that switches the polarity of the current input to 31, and the other end of the first wiring 31 near the propulsion equipment 81 (the other ends of the wiring 31-1 and the wiring 31-2) and a second switching unit 42 connected to switch the polarity of the current output from the first wiring 31 .

In the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the three-phase AC generated by the three-phase AC generator 7 is converted to DC by the AC-DC converter 71 and input to the first switching section 41 . The first switching unit 41 operates in a state of polarity switching OFF (FIG. 3A) or polarity switching ON (FIG. 3B). 3A, the first switching unit 41 connects the positive output line 71-1 of the AC-DC converter 71 to the wiring 31-1, and is connected to the wiring 31-2. On the other hand, in the polarity switching ON operation state shown in FIG. The negative output line 71-2 of the device 71 is connected to the wiring 31-1.

On the other hand, like the first switching unit 41, the switching unit 42 operates in the state of polarity switching OFF (FIG. 3(a)) or polarity switching ON (FIG. 3(b)). In the polarity switching OFF operation state shown in FIG. 3A, the second switching unit 42 connects the wiring 31-1 to the positive output line 42-1 and connects the wiring 31-2 to the negative output line 42-2. do. On the other hand, in the polarity switching ON operation state shown in FIG. connect to.

Here, a configuration example of the first switching unit 41 and the second switching unit 42 shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG. The first switching unit 41 shown in FIG. 4 has electromagnetic contactors 411 and 412 of c contacts (transfer contacts). When the control signal output by the control device 5 is off (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 411 is not energized), the electromagnetic contactor 411 switches the common terminal connected to the positive output line 71-1 to the b contact (break contact) ( 31-1), and the control signal output by the control device 5 is ON (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 411 is excited), the common terminal connected to the positive output line 71-1 becomes the a contact (make contact ) (wiring 31-2). When the control signal output by the control device 5 is OFF (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 412 is not excited), the electromagnetic contactor 412 connects the common terminal connected to the negative output line 71-2 to the b contact (wiring 31 -2), and when the control signal output by the control device 5 is ON (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 412 is excited), the common terminal connected to the negative output line 71-2 is set to the a contact (wiring 31-1 ). The same control signal is input to electromagnetic contactors 411 and 412 from control device 5, and electromagnetic contactors 411 and 412 operate synchronously.

The second switching unit 42 also has electromagnetic contactors 421 and 422 of c contacts (transfer contacts). When the control signal output by the control device 5 is off (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 421 is not energized), the electromagnetic contactor 421 turns the common terminal connected to the positive output line 42-1 to b contact (break contact) ( wiring 31-1), and the control signal output by the control device 5 is ON (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 421 is excited), the common terminal connected to the positive output line 42-1 becomes the a contact (make contact ) (wiring 31-2). When the control signal output by the control device 5 is OFF (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 422 is not excited), the electromagnetic contactor 422 connects the common terminal connected to the negative output line 42-2 to the b contact (wiring 31 -2), and when the control signal output by the control device 5 is ON (the coil of the electromagnetic contactor 422 is excited), the common terminal connected to the negative output line 42-2 is set to the a contact (wiring 31-1 ). The same control signal as the control signal from the controller 5 to the magnetic contactors 411 and 412 is input to the magnetic contactors 421 and 422, and the magnetic contactors 411 and 412 and the magnetic contactors 421 and 422 are synchronized. works.

The operation of the control device 5 in the first embodiment can be the same as the operation of the control device 5 shown in FIG. 1 described with reference to FIG. 2, for example. In this case, the control device 5 of the first embodiment switches the polarity of the first wiring 31 alternately by switching the control signal for the first switching unit 41 and the second switching unit 42 on or off in step S2 of FIG. switch to

In addition to the magnetization of the hull caused by direct current flowing in a certain direction, there is a particular concern about magnetization around the wiring of equipment such as propulsion motors that require large current power supply (the strength of the magnetic field is roughly proportional to the amount of current). to do). For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when wiring 31-1 and wiring 31-2 are laid with independent cables or the like, magnetization due to the DC current flowing through the first wiring 31 may occur as in areas A1 and A2 depending on the routing. There is a risk that there will be a portion where the influence of Note that FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining an operation example of the first embodiment of the present invention. However, once the wiring is installed, it is not easy to replace the location. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the magnetization of the hull can be suppressed to a problem level or less by periodically switching the polarity of the power supply line from the generator to the propulsion motor. Also in the first embodiment, it is possible to grasp the magnetization level of the hull from the current of the propulsion motor and the operation time, and to determine the timing of polarity change and the polarity change period. Moreover, according to the first embodiment, the magnetization of the hull is prevented and the demagnetization current by the demagnetizer is reduced, thereby contributing to energy saving.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration example of a ship according to the second embodiment of the invention. 6(a) and 6(b) differ from each other in the operating state of the switching unit 4. FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view for explaining another operation example of the switch 41 and the like shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6 , in the second embodiment, the inboard wiring 3 includes a ring-shaped wiring 30 and three connection wirings 33 , 34 and 35 connecting two different points on the ring-shaped wiring 30 . In this case, part or all of the ring-shaped wiring 30 and the connection wirings 33 , 34 and 35 become the first wiring 31 . Note that the number of connection wirings can be one or any number.

Further, the switching unit 4 has three switches 401, 402 and 403 inserted into the three connection wires 33, 34 and 35, and the three switches 401, 402 and 403 are opened or closed. By doing so, the path of the current flowing through the first wiring 31 is switched. That is, in the second embodiment, the route of the first wiring 31 that connects the power generation equipment 6 and the propulsion equipment 81 changes depending on the opening/closing states of the switches 401 , 402 and 403 . The open/closed states of the switches 401 , 402 and 403 are switched by the control device 5 . In FIGS. 6 and 7, the switches 401, 402 and 403 in the closed state (ON state) are indicated by symbols enclosing vertical lines in rectangles, and the switches in the open state (OFF state) 401, 402 and 403 are indicated by a circle surrounded by a rectangle.

Further, in the second embodiment, the electric system 1a includes two power generation facilities 6-1 and 6-2 and two propulsion facilities 81-1 and 81-2. In this case, the two power generation equipment 6-1 and 6-2 correspond to the power generation equipment 6 shown in FIG. 1, and the two propulsion equipment 81-1 and 81-2 correspond to the propulsion equipment 81 shown in FIG. . Further, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 6A, the power generation equipment 6-1 and the propulsion equipment 81-1 are connected in order from the top with the switch 401 interposed in the connection wiring 33, and the switch 403 is interposed in the connection wiring 35. , the propulsion equipment 81-2 and the power generation equipment 6-2 are connected in this order from the top.

In the second embodiment, the control device 5 controls the opening/closing states of the switches 401, 402 and 403 to the states shown in FIG. 6(a), FIG. 6(b) or FIG. 7, for example. The switches 401, 402 and 403 are all on in the state shown in FIG. 6(a), the switches 401, 402 and 403 are all off in the state shown in FIG. 6(b), and the switches 401, 402 and 403 are all off in the state shown in FIG. 401 and switch 403 are off, and switch 402 is on.

In the state of FIG. 6(a), the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-1 to the propulsion equipment 81-1 flows, for example, in order as indicated by the dashed-line arrows along the paths of currents i101, i102 and i103 (wiring Although it depends on the resistance, most of the current flows (hereinafter the same)). In addition, the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-2 to the propulsion equipment 81-2 flows, for example, through currents i201, i202 and i203 in order, as indicated by dashed arrows. In this case, the first wiring 31 corresponds to wiring through which currents i101, i102 and i103 flow and wiring through which currents i2101, i202 and i203 flow.

In addition, in the state of FIG. 6(b), the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-1 to the propulsion equipment 81-1, for example, flows through currents i104, i105, i106, i107 and i108 in order. In addition, the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-1 to the propulsion equipment 81-2, for example, flows through currents i104, i105, i109, i110, i111 and i112 in order. Also, the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-2 to the propulsion equipment 81-2, for example, flows in order of currents i204, i205, i206, i207 and i208. In addition, the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-2 to the propulsion equipment 81-1, for example, flows through currents i204, i205, i209, i210, i211 and i212 in order. In this case, the first wiring 31 includes the entire ring-shaped wiring 30, each wiring connecting between the power generation facility 6-1 or the propulsion facility 81-1 and the ring-shaped wiring 30, the power generation facility 6-2 or the propulsion facility 81- 2 and the ring-shaped wiring 30 .

In addition, in the state of FIG. 7, the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-1 to the propulsion equipment 81-1, for example, flows in order of currents i113, i114, i115, i116 and i117. Also, the current from the power generation equipment 6-1 to the propulsion equipment 81-2 flows through the following three paths, for example. That is, the current from the power generation facility 6-1 to the propulsion facility 81-2 is, for example, the paths of currents i113, i114, i118, i119, i120, and i121 in order, and the currents i113, i114, i115, and i122 in order. , i123, i124, i120 and i121 and currents i113, i114, i118, i125, i123, i124, i120 and i121 in turn. Also, the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-2 to the propulsion equipment 81-2, for example, flows in order of currents i213, i214, i215, i216 and i217. Also, the electric current from the power generation equipment 6-2 to the propulsion equipment 81-1 flows through the following three paths, for example. That is, the current from the power generation facility 6-2 to the propulsion facility 81-1 is, for example, the paths of the currents i213, i214, i218, i219, i220, and i221 in order, and the currents i213, i214, i215, and i222 in order. , i223, i224, i220 and i221 and currents i213, i214, i218, i225, i223, i224, i220 and i221 in turn. In this case, the first wiring 31 includes the entire ring-shaped wiring 30, each wiring connecting between the power generation facility 6-1 or the propulsion facility 81-1 and the ring-shaped wiring 30, the power generation facility 6-2 or the propulsion facility 81- 2 and the ring-shaped wiring 30 and all of the connection wirings 34 .

Further, the operation of the control device 5 in the second embodiment can be the same as the operation of the control device 5 shown in FIG. 1 described with reference to FIG. In this case, the control device 5 of the second embodiment, in step S2 of FIG. 2, for example, connects the switches 401 to 403 shown in FIG. The route of the first wiring 31 is switched by alternately selecting one of the connection states of 401 to 403 and the connection state of each of the switches 401 to 403 shown in FIG.

In the future, the power distribution system 2 of the ship 1 is intended to be a DC ring-shaped power supply system using the ring-shaped wiring 30, and it is possible to take a plurality of power supply paths. According to the second embodiment, the ring-shaped power supply system makes it possible to distribute a plurality of power supply paths so that the magnetization is not concentrated in one place. In addition, by reversing the feed path (for example, using the relationship between the current i125 and the current i225 flowing in opposite directions), a reverse magnetic field can be applied to demagnetize the magnetized portion. Also in the second embodiment, by preventing magnetization of the hull 1 and reducing the demagnetizing current by the demagnetizing device, it is possible to contribute to energy saving. In addition, by using the ring-shaped wiring 30 or the like as a demagnetizing coil, it is expected that the demagnetizing coil conventionally mounted on a ship will not be necessary.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiments, and design changes and the like are also included within the scope of the present invention. For example, the power generation equipment that supplies electric power to the load is not limited to using a generator, and may have another configuration.

(computer configuration)
FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a computer according to at least one embodiment.
Computer 90 includes processor 91 , main memory 92 , storage 93 and interface 94 .
The control device 5 described above is implemented in a computer 90 . The operation of each processing unit described above is stored in the storage 93 in the form of a program. The processor 91 reads out the program from the storage 93, develops it in the main memory 92, and executes the above processes according to the program. In addition, the processor 91 secures storage areas corresponding to the storage units described above in the main memory 92 according to the program.

The program may be for realizing part of the functions that the computer 90 is caused to exhibit. For example, the program may function in combination with another program already stored in the storage or in combination with another program installed in another device. Note that in other embodiments, the computer may include a custom LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) such as a PLD (Programmable Logic Device) in addition to or instead of the above configuration. Examples of PLD include PAL (Programmable Array Logic), GAL (Generic Array Logic), CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device), and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). In this case, part or all of the functions implemented by the processor may be implemented by the integrated circuit.

Examples of the storage 93 include HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), magnetic disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory). , semiconductor memory, and the like. The storage 93 may be an internal medium directly connected to the bus of the computer 90, or an external medium connected to the computer 90 via an interface 94 or communication line. Further, when this program is distributed to the computer 90 via a communication line, the computer 90 receiving the distribution may develop the program in the main memory 92 and execute the above process. In at least one embodiment, storage 93 is a non-transitory, tangible storage medium.

1 Ship 1a Electric System 2 Distribution System 3 Inboard Wiring 4 Switching Unit 5 Control Device 6 Power Generation Facility 7 Generator 8 Load 30 Ring Wiring 31 First Wiring 33, 34, 35 Connection Wiring 41 First Switching Unit 42 Second Switching Unit 81 propulsion equipment 401, 402, 403 switches

Claims (3)

Inboard wiring for transmitting and distributing DC power from power generation equipment to loads including propulsion equipment,
a switching unit for switching the polarity or path of current flowing through a first wiring included in the inboard wiring and connecting the power generation equipment and the propulsion equipment;
with
The switching unit is connected to one end of the first wiring in the vicinity of the power generation equipment and switches the polarity of the current input to the first wiring. a second switching unit connected to the other end of the first wiring to switch the polarity of the current output from the first wiring;
vessel. Inboard wiring for transmitting and distributing DC power from power generation equipment to loads including propulsion equipment,
a switching unit for switching the polarity or path of current flowing through a first wiring included in the inboard wiring and connecting the power generation equipment and the propulsion equipment;
with
The inboard wiring includes a ring-shaped wiring that constitutes the first wiring and one or more connection wirings that connect between two different points on the ring-shaped wiring,
The switching unit has one or more switches inserted into the one or more connection wires, and the path of the current flowing through the first wire by opening or closing the one or more switches. to switch
vessel . The ship according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a control unit that causes the switching unit to switch the polarity or the path each time an integrated value of the current flowing through the first wiring exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

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