JP7006853B2 - 硬化性組成物、硬化物、繊維強化複合材料、成形品及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物、硬化物、繊維強化複合材料、成形品及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7006853B2 JP7006853B2 JP2021543414A JP2021543414A JP7006853B2 JP 7006853 B2 JP7006853 B2 JP 7006853B2 JP 2021543414 A JP2021543414 A JP 2021543414A JP 2021543414 A JP2021543414 A JP 2021543414A JP 7006853 B2 JP7006853 B2 JP 7006853B2
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- epoxy resin
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- QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1CCCC(CN)C1 QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- LTURHSAEWJPFAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 LTURHSAEWJPFAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FOZHTJJTSSSURD-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O FOZHTJJTSSSURD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;diborate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn] IPCXNCATNBAPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZRXQXJGIQEYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]B=O.[O-]B=O PZRXQXJGIQEYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/24—Di-epoxy compounds carbocyclic
- C08G59/245—Di-epoxy compounds carbocyclic aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
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Description
本発明の硬化性組成物は、難燃性を発揮させるために、実質的にハロゲン原子を含有しない非ハロゲン系難燃剤を含有していてもよい。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、充填材を含有していてもよい。本発明の硬化性組成物が充填材を含有すると、得られる硬化物において優れた機械特性を発現させることができるようになる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、添加剤を含有していてもよい。本発明の硬化性組成物が添加剤を含有すると、得られる硬化物において剛性や寸法安定性等、他の特性が向上する。添加剤としては、例えば可塑剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤等の安定剤、帯電防止剤、導電性付与剤、応力緩和剤、離型剤、結晶化促進剤、加水分解抑制剤、潤滑剤、衝撃付与剤、摺動性改良剤、相溶化剤、核剤、強化剤、補強剤、流動調整剤、染料、増感材、着色用顔料、ゴム質重合体、増粘剤、沈降防止剤、タレ防止剤、消泡剤、カップリング剤、防錆剤、抗菌・防カビ剤、防汚剤、導電性高分子等を添加することも可能である。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、フィラメントワインディング法にて繊維強化樹脂成形品を製造する場合などには、有機溶剤を含有していてもよい。ここで使用し得る有機溶剤としては、メチルエチルケトンアセトン、ジメチルホルムアミド、メチルイソブチルケトン、メトキシプロパノール、シクロヘキサノン、メチルセロソルブ、エチルジグリコールアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート等が挙げられ、その選択や適正な使用量は用途によって適宜選択し得る。
本発明の硬化性組成物から硬化物を得る方法としては、一般的なエポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化方法に準拠すればよく、例えば加熱温度条件は、組み合わせる硬化剤の種類や用途等によって、適宜選択すればよい。例えば、硬化性組成物を、室温~250℃程度の温度範囲で加熱する方法が挙げられる。成形方法なども硬化性組成物の一般的な方法が用いること可能であり、特に本発明の硬化性組成物に特有の条件は不要である。ただし、本発明の硬化性組成物を120℃で5分硬化反応を実施するのみであっても、硬化物のガラス転移温度を160℃以上とすることができる点においては本発明の特徴的な点であり、従来よりもより穏やかな加熱条件であっても耐熱性に優れる硬化物を得ることが可能である。
本発明の繊維強化複合材料とは、硬化性組成物を強化繊維に含浸させた後の硬化前の状態の材料のことである。ここで、強化繊維は、有撚糸、解撚糸、又は無撚糸などいずれでも良いが、解撚糸や無撚糸が、繊維強化複合材料において優れた成形性を有することから、好ましい。さらに、強化繊維の形態は、繊維方向が一方向に引き揃えたものや、織物が使用できる。織物では、平織り、朱子織りなどから、使用する部位や用途に応じて自由に選択することができる。具体的には、機械的強度や耐久性に優れることから、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維、ボロン繊維、アルミナ繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維などが挙げられ、これらの2種以上を併用することもできる。これらの中でもとりわけ成形品の強度が良好なものとなる点から炭素繊維が好ましく、かかる、炭素繊維は、ポリアクリロニトリル系、ピッチ系、レーヨン系などの各種のものが使用できる。
本発明の繊維強化樹脂成形品とは、強化繊維と硬化性組成物の硬化物とを有する成形品であり、繊維強化複合材料を熱硬化させて得られるものである。本発明の繊維強化樹脂成形品として、具体的には、繊維強化成形品における強化繊維の体積含有率が40%~85%の範囲であることが好ましく、強度の観点から50%~70%の範囲であることが特に好ましい。そのような繊維強化樹脂成形品としては、例えば、フロントサブフレーム、リアサブフレーム、フロントピラー、センターピラー、サイドメンバー、クロスメンバー、サイドシル、ルーフレール、プロペラシャフトなどの自動車部品、電線ケーブルのコア部材、海底油田用のパイプ材、印刷機用ロール・パイプ材、ロボットフォーク材、航空機の一次構造材、二次構造材などを挙げることができる。
下記表1~2に示す配合に従って各成分を配合し、均一に撹拌混合して硬化性組成物を得た。該硬化性組成物について、下記の要領で各種評価試験を行った。結果を表1~2に示す。
<エポキシ樹脂>
840S:DIC株式会社製「EPICLON 840S」
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ基当量184g/当量
<アミン化合物>
TETA:トリエチレンテトラミン
1,3-BAC:1,3-ビス(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン
IPDA:イソホロンジアミン
DETDA:ジエチルトルエンジアミン
<イミダゾール化合物>
1,2-DMZ:1,2-ジメチルイミダゾール
2E4MZ:2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール
表1~2に示す割合で各成分を配合した直後に120℃に熱したホットプレート上に硬化性組成物0.15gを載せ、スパチュラで撹拌しながらゲル状になるまでの時間(秒)を測定した。同操作を三回繰り返し、その平均値で評価した。
A:300秒以下
B:300秒~600秒
C:600秒以上
先で得た硬化性組成物を厚さ2mmの型枠内に流し込み、120℃で5分加熱した。得られた硬化物をダイヤモンドカッターで幅5mm、長さ50mmに切り出し、これを試験片とした。次に、粘弾性測定装置(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製「DMS6100」)を用いて試験片の両持ち曲げによる動的粘弾性を測定し、tanδが最大となる値の温度をガラス転移温度(Tg)として評価した。なお、動的粘弾性測定の測定条件は、温度条件 室温~260℃、昇温速度3℃/分、周波数1Hz、歪振幅10μmとした。
Claims (10)
- エポキシ樹脂(A)、脂肪族アミン化合物及び/又は脂環式アミン化合物(B)、及びイミダゾール化合物(C)を含有し、前記エポキシ樹脂(A)中のエポキシ基のモル数Eと前記脂肪族アミン化合物及び/又は脂環式アミン化合物(B)の活性水素のモル数Hの比率H/Eが0.2~0.9の範囲であり、前記イミダゾール化合物(C)の使用割合が、前記エポキシ樹脂(A)100質量部に対して、0.4~2.0質量部の範囲であることを特徴とする硬化性組成物。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂(A)の25℃における粘度が1,000~100,000mPa・sの範囲である請求項1記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記エポキシ樹脂(A)中のエポキシ基のモル数Eと前記脂肪族アミン化合物及び/又は脂環式アミン化合物(B)の活性水素のモル数Hの比率H/Eが0.3~0.8の範囲である請求項1又は2記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記イミダゾール化合物(C)が、イミダゾール、1-メチルイミダゾール、2-メチルイミダゾール、1,2-ジメチルイミダゾール又は2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾールである請求項1~3の何れか1項記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記脂肪族アミン化合物及び/又は脂環式アミン化合物(B)が、トリエチレンテトラミン、1,3-ビス(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサン又はイソホロンジアミンである請求項1~4の何れか1項記載の硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1~5の何れか1項記載の硬化性組成物の硬化物。
- ガラス転移温度が160℃以上である請求項6記載の硬化物。
- 請求項1~7の何れか1項記載の硬化性組成物と、強化繊維とを必須成分とする繊維強化複合材料。
- 請求項6又は7記載の硬化物と強化繊維とを必須成分とする繊維強化樹脂成形品。
- 請求項8記載の繊維強化複合材料を熱硬化させる繊維強化樹脂成形品の製造方法。
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