JP7086265B2 - 触媒システム、電極、および燃料電池または電解槽 - Google Patents
触媒システム、電極、および燃料電池または電解槽 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7086265B2 JP7086265B2 JP2021500549A JP2021500549A JP7086265B2 JP 7086265 B2 JP7086265 B2 JP 7086265B2 JP 2021500549 A JP2021500549 A JP 2021500549A JP 2021500549 A JP2021500549 A JP 2021500549A JP 7086265 B2 JP7086265 B2 JP 7086265B2
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- metal oxide
- conductive
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- electrode
- metal
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Description
- 導電率σ1が少なくとも10S/cmの導電性担体金属酸化物が広範に形成され、担体金属酸化物は、非貴金属の群から選択される少なくとも2つの第1の金属元素を有し、少なくとも30nmの粒径の酸化物粒子を含む構造を有し、
- 導電率σ2が少なくとも10S/cmの導電性金属酸化物触媒材料が広範に形成され、触媒材料は、非貴金属の群から選択される少なくとも1つの第2の金属元素を有し、担体金属酸化物中の第1の金属元素と、少なくとも1つの第2の金属元素とは、固体化学量論化合物中の触媒材料または均質な固溶液中にそれぞれ存在し、担体金属酸化物と触媒材料は、組成が互いに異なり、それぞれフッ素で安定化されており、
表面付近のpH値をpzzp値(pzzp=ゼロゼータ電位のポイント)と称すると、担体金属酸化物のpzzp値と触媒材料のpzzp値とは互いに異なり、担体金属酸化物または触媒材料のいずれかのpzzp値は最大でpH=5であり、触媒材料および担体金属酸化物は少なくとも2相の分散酸化物複合体を形成する。
2,2’ バイポーラプレート
2a,2a’ 担体プレート
3a 流入領域
3b 出口領域
4,4’ 開口部
5 ガス分配構造
6,6’ ガス拡散コーティング
7 高分子電解質膜
8 コーティング(アノード側)
9 触媒システム
10 燃料電池
100 燃料電池システム
Claims (16)
- 触媒システム(9)であって、
導電率σ1が少なくとも10S/cmの導電性担体金属酸化物であって、前記導電性担体金属酸化物は、非貴金属の群から選択される少なくとも2つの第1の金属元素を有し、かつ少なくとも30nmの粒径の酸化物粒子を含む構造を有する、導電性担体金属酸化物と、
導電率σ2が少なくとも10S/cmの導電性金属酸化物触媒材料であって、前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料は、非貴金属の群から選択される少なくとも1つの第2の金属元素を有し、前記導電性担体金属酸化物中の前記第1の金属元素と、前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料中の前記少なくとも1つの第2の金属元素とは、固体化学量論化合物中または均質な固溶液中にそれぞれ存在し、前記導電性担体金属酸化物と前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料は、組成が互いに異なり、それぞれフッ素で安定化されている、導電性金属酸化物触媒材料と
を含み、
表面付近のpH値をpzzp値(pzzp=ゼロゼータ電位のポイント)と称すると、前記導電性担体金属酸化物のpzzp値と、前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料のpzzp値とは互いに異なり、前記導電性担体金属酸化物または前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料のいずれかの前記pzzp値は最大でpH=5であり、前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料および前記導電性担体金属酸化物は少なくとも2相の分散酸化物複合体を形成する、触媒システム(9)。 - 前記第1の金属元素が、スズ、タンタル、ニオブ、チタン、ハフニウムおよびジルコニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも2つの金属によって形成される、請求項1に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 前記第1の金属元素が、スズと、さらに、タンタル、ニオブ、チタン、ハフニウムおよびジルコニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの金属とによって形成される、請求項2に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 前記少なくとも1つの第2の金属元素が、タンタル、ニオブ、チタン、ハフニウム、ジルコニウム、鉄、およびタングステンを含む群から選択される少なくとも1つの金属によって形成される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料が、1nm~50nmの範囲の粒径を有する酸化物粒子を含む構造を有する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 前記導電性担体金属酸化物が、第1の酸素格子部位および第1の金属格子部位を含む第1の結晶格子構造を有し、前記第1の金属格子部位上の前記導電性担体金属酸化物が、チタン、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、バナジウム、ニオブ、タンタル、アルミニウム、鉄、タングステン、モリブデン、イリジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウムおよび白金を含む群から選択される少なくとも1つの元素でドープされている、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 前記導電性担体金属酸化物が、第1の酸素格子部位および第1の金属格子部位を含む第1の結晶格子構造を有し、前記第1の酸素格子部位上の前記導電性担体金属酸化物が、窒素、炭素、およびホウ素を含む群から選択される少なくとも1つの元素でドープされている、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料が、第2の酸素格子部位および第2の金属格子部位を含む第2の結晶格子構造を有し、前記第2の金属格子部位上の前記導電性金属酸化物触媒材料が、チタン、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、バナジウム、ニオブ、タンタル、鉄、タングステン、モリブデン、イリジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウムおよび白金を含む群から選択される少なくとも1つの元素でドープされている、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 白金が最大で0.1mg/cm2の量で前記触媒システムの表面に塗布されている、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム(9)。
- 請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の触媒システム(9)を含む電極(1)。
- 少なくとも1つのアイオノマーおよび少なくとも1つのバインダをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の電極(1)。
- 前記少なくとも1つのバインダが、少なくとも1つのフッ素化炭化水素および/または少なくとも1つの多糖類を含む、請求項11に記載の電極(1)。
- 前記電極(1)が0.5~20μmの範囲のコーティング厚を有する、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の電極(1)。
- 白金が最大で0.2mg/cm2の量で前記電極(1)の自由表面に塗布される、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の電極(1)。
- 請求項10から14のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも1つの電極(1)と、少なくとも1つの高分子電解質膜(7)とを備える燃料電池(10)または電解槽。
- 請求項11または12に記載の少なくとも1つの電極(1)と、少なくとも1つの高分子電解質膜(7)とを備え、
前記高分子電解質膜(7)と、前記電極(1)中の前記アイオノマーが同一の材料から形成される、燃料電池(10)または電解槽。
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