JP6909728B2 - 弱毒化細菌によって送達されるリコール抗原を使用する癌の治療 - Google Patents
弱毒化細菌によって送達されるリコール抗原を使用する癌の治療 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6909728B2 JP6909728B2 JP2017556938A JP2017556938A JP6909728B2 JP 6909728 B2 JP6909728 B2 JP 6909728B2 JP 2017556938 A JP2017556938 A JP 2017556938A JP 2017556938 A JP2017556938 A JP 2017556938A JP 6909728 B2 JP6909728 B2 JP 6909728B2
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Description
本出願は、2015年4月28日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/153,728号(その内容は引用することにより本明細書の一部をなす)からの利益を主張する。
緒言
幼年期リコール抗原である破傷風トキソイド(TT)、麻疹ウイルス(MV)及びポリオウイルス(PV)の免疫優性エピトープにより抗原を発現するリステリアコンストラクトを開発した。TTに対するメモリーT細胞を有するマウスにおけるリステリア−TTを用いる反復する免疫化は、副作用を伴わずに、転移性乳癌を有するマウスにおける転移をほぼ完全に排除する。膵癌を有するマウスおいてゲムシタビンと組み合わせたリステリア−TTは、おそらくはゲムシタビンが骨髄由来免疫抑制細胞(MDSC)の排除によって免疫抑制を減少させることから、リステリア−TT単独よりも更に有効であった。
図1は、リステリア−リコール抗原モデルについての概要図を提供する。TT等のリコール抗原に対するメモリーT細胞を、BALB/cByJマウスにおいてヒトTTワクチンを用いて生じさせることができる。TTタンパク質は抗原提示細胞(APC)によって取り込まれて、ナイーブT細胞へと提示され得る。反復曝露により、ナイーブT細胞は生涯に亘って血流中を循環するメモリーT細胞に分化する。後に、4T1腫瘍細胞を乳腺脂肪体に注入し(これは若齢及び老齢において行うことができる)、続いて、腫瘍が触知可能になったら、低用量リステリア−TTを用いて頻繁に免疫を行う。これは、若年期のTTに対するメモリーT細胞の活性化をリコールするものである。同時に、TTは、リステリア−TTによる感染によって腫瘍細胞へと送達され、TT抗原の提示をもたらす。最後に、TT特異的メモリーT細胞は腫瘍細胞へと遊走し、その時TTエピトープを提示する4T1腫瘍細胞を殺傷する。
リステリアat−TT856〜1313ワクチンの開発。以下に述べるようにリステリア−TTワクチンを開発した。TT856〜1313(62kDa)をLLOプロモーター(P)の制御下、リステリアat(pGG34)中にトランケートリステリオリシンO(LLO)(48kDa)及びTTタンパク質の検出用myc配列との融合タンパク質としてクローニングした(図2A)。リステリアat系ワクチンによるLLO−TT856〜1313タンパク質の分泌を、抗myc抗体を使用するウエスタンブロッティングによって検出した(図2B)。リステリアat−TT856〜1313による4T1腫瘍細胞の感染は、腫瘍細胞におけるTTタンパク質の発現をもたらした(図2C)。また、MV及びPVのフラグメントをリステリアatへクローニングした。マウスにおける免疫優性リコール抗原のエピトープを表1に示す。
癌免疫療法の奏功は、2つの主な問題によって妨げられていた。1つの問題は、癌ワクチンで使用される腫瘍関連抗原(TAA)が多くの場合正常細胞と比較して、腫瘍細胞において過剰発現するか、又は変異する自己抗原であるということである。胸腺においてT細胞は、若年期に自己抗原に反応しないように教育されることから、TAAへの強いT細胞応答を誘導することは困難である。もう1つの問題は、大半の癌患者が高齢であり、高齢者は若年成人よりもワクチンに効率的に反応しないことである。これは、多くの場合、初めて新たな抗原に反応し、同じ抗原に繰り返し曝露されることによりメモリーT細胞の生成を担う、ナイーブT細胞(幼い時にのみ生成され、生涯に亘って使用される)の欠如に起因する。現在入手可能なワクチンには、高齢者でナイーブT細胞を必要としないものは存在せず、いずれのワクチンも生きた弱毒化細菌による腫瘍細胞への直接的な高免疫原性リコール抗原の送達を可能としない。
Claims (9)
- 被験体において腫瘍を治療する及び/又は被験体において腫瘍の転移を軽減若しくは予防するための医薬の調製における、リコール抗原を発現する弱毒化細菌の使用であって、前記細菌がリステリア・モノサイトゲネスであり、前記リコール抗原が、破傷風トキソイドのエピトープであり、かつ、前記腫瘍が膵臓の腫瘍である使用。
- 前記被験体への投与に先立って、前記細菌を酵母培地で培養する、請求項1に記載の使用。
- 前記医薬はゲムシタビンと併用される、請求項1又は2に記載の使用。
- 前記被験体がヒトである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 前記被験体が哺乳動物である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 薬学的に許容可能な担体とリコール抗原を発現する弱毒化細菌とを含む、被験体において腫瘍を治療する及び/又は腫瘍の転移を軽減若しくは予防するための医薬組成物であって、前記細菌がリステリア・モノサイトゲネスであり、前記リコール抗原が、破傷風トキソイドのエピトープであり、かつ、前記腫瘍が膵臓の腫瘍である、医薬組成物。
- リコール抗原を発現する弱毒化細菌を含む、膵癌を治療するための癌ワクチンであって、前記細菌がリステリア・モノサイトゲネスであり、前記リコール抗原が、破傷風トキソイドのエピトープである、癌ワクチン。
- ゲムシタビンと併用される、請求項6に記載の医薬組成物。
- ゲムシタビンと併用される、請求項7に記載の癌ワクチン。
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CA3069523A1 (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | Actym Therapeutics, Inc. | Engineered immunostimulatory bacterial strains and uses thereof |
KR20210030973A (ko) | 2018-07-11 | 2021-03-18 | 액팀 테라퓨틱스, 인코퍼레이티드 | 조작된 면역자극성 박테리아 균주 및 이의 용도 |
WO2020047161A2 (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | Actym Therapeutics, Inc. | Engineered immunostimulatory bacterial strains and uses thereof |
CN113396155A (zh) | 2018-12-27 | 2021-09-14 | 维伊木恩股份有限公司 | 偶联病毒样颗粒及其作为抗肿瘤免疫重定向剂的用途 |
US12024709B2 (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2024-07-02 | Actym Therapeutics, Inc. | Immunostimulatory bacteria engineered to colonize tumors, tumor-resident immune cells, and the tumor microenvironment |
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