JP6987643B2 - メタルボンド研磨物品の製造方法及びメタルボンド研磨物品 - Google Patents
メタルボンド研磨物品の製造方法及びメタルボンド研磨物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6987643B2 JP6987643B2 JP2017566775A JP2017566775A JP6987643B2 JP 6987643 B2 JP6987643 B2 JP 6987643B2 JP 2017566775 A JP2017566775 A JP 2017566775A JP 2017566775 A JP2017566775 A JP 2017566775A JP 6987643 B2 JP6987643 B2 JP 6987643B2
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Images
Classifications
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- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0031—Matrix based on refractory metals, W, Mo, Nb, Hf, Ta, Zr, Ti, V or alloys thereof
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- C22C33/0228—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy comprising other non-metallic compounds or more than 5% of graphite
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Description
a)
i)固まっていない粉末粒子の層を限られた領域に堆積する工程であり、固まっていない粉末粒子は、高融点金属粒子及び研磨粒子を含み、固まっていない粉末粒子の層は、実質的に均一な厚さを有する、工程、
ii)固まっていない粉末粒子の層の少なくとも1つの所定の領域に液状バインダ前駆体物質を噴射する工程、並びに
iii)液状バインダ前駆体物質を、少なくとも1つの所定の領域にある固まっていない粉末粒子を一緒に結合するバインダ物質に転換して、結合した粉末粒子の層を形成する工程、を逐次的に行うサブプロセスと、
b)工程a)を独立して複数回実施して、結合した粉末粒子及び残った固まっていない粉末粒子を含む研磨物品プリフォームを生成する工程であり、研磨物品プリフォームは、所定の形状を有し、各工程a)では、固まっていない粉末粒子は、独立して選択され、液状バインダ前駆体物質は、独立して選択される、工程と、
c)残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを研磨物品プリフォームから分離する工程と、
d)研磨物品プリフォームに融解した低融点金属を注入する工程であり、高融点金属粒子の少なくとも一部は、融解した低融点金属により接触したときに完全には融解しない、工程と、
e)融解した低融点金属を固化して、メタルボンド研磨物品を提供する工程と、
を含む、製造方法である。
a)
i)固まっていない粉末粒子の層を限られた領域に堆積する工程であり、固まっていない粉末粒子は、金属粒子及び研磨粒子を含み、固まっていない粉末粒子の層は、実質的に均一な厚さを有する、工程、
ii)固まっていない粉末粒子の層の少なくとも1つの所定の領域に液状バインダ前駆体物質を噴射する工程、並びに
iii)液状バインダ前駆体物質を、少なくとも1つの所定の領域にある固まっていない粉末粒子を一緒に結合するバインダ物質に転換して、結合した粉末粒子を形成する工程、を逐次的に行うサブプロセスと、
b)工程a)を独立して複数回実施して、結合した粉末粒子及び残った固まっていない粉末粒子を含む研磨物品プリフォームを生成する工程であり、研磨物品プリフォームは、所定の形状を有し、各工程a)では、固まっていない粉末粒子は、独立して選択され、液状バインダ前駆体物質は、独立して選択される、工程と、
c)残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを研磨物品プリフォームから分離する工程と、
d)研磨物品プリフォームを加熱して、メタルボンド研磨物品を提供する工程と、
を含む、製造方法である。
メタルボンド研磨物品前駆体の少なくとも一部を通って延びる少なくとも1つの蛇行状の冷却通路、又は
メタルボンド研磨物品前駆体の少なくとも一部を通って延びる少なくとも1つの弓状の冷却通路のうちの少なくとも1つを更に備える、メタルボンド研磨物品前駆体を提供する。
第1の実施形態では、本開示は、メタルボンド研磨物品の製造方法を提供する。この製造方法は、逐次的な工程を含み、逐次的な工程は、
a)
i)固まっていない粉末粒子の層を限られた領域に堆積させる工程であり、固まっていない粉末粒子は、高融点金属粒子及び研磨粒子を含み、固まっていない粉末粒子の層は、実質的に均一な厚さを有する、工程、
ii)固まっていない粉末粒子の層の少なくとも1つの所定の領域に液状バインダ前駆体物質を噴射する工程、並びに
iii)液状バインダ前駆体物質を、少なくとも1つの所定の領域にある固まっていない粉末粒子を一緒に結合するバインダ物質に転換して、結合した粉末粒子の層を形成する工程、を逐次的に行うサブプロセスと、
b)工程a)を独立して複数回実施して、結合した粉末粒子及び残った固まっていない粉末粒子を含む研磨物品プリフォームを生成する工程であり、研磨物品プリフォームは、所定の形状を有し、各工程a)では、固まっていない粉末粒子は、独立して選択され、液状バインダ前駆体物質は、独立して選択される、工程と、
c)残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを研磨物品プリフォームから分離する工程と、
d)研磨物品プリフォームに融解した低融点金属を注入する工程であり、高融点金属粒子の少なくとも一部は、融解した低融点金属により接触したときに完全には融解しない、工程と、
e)融解した低融点金属を固化して、メタルボンド研磨物品を提供する工程と、
を含む、製造方法である。
a)
i)固まっていない粉末粒子の層を限られた領域に堆積させる工程であり、固まっていない粉末粒子は、金属粒子及び研磨粒子を含み、固まっていない粉末粒子の層は、実質的に均一な厚さを有する、工程、
ii)固まっていない粉末粒子の層の少なくとも1つの所定の領域に液状バインダ前駆体物質を噴射する工程、並びに
iii)液状バインダ前駆体物質を、少なくとも1つの所定の領域にある固まっていない粉末粒子を一緒に結合するバインダ物質に転換して、結合した粉末粒子を形成する工程、を逐次的に行うサブプロセスと、
b)工程a)を独立して複数回実施して、結合した粉末粒子及び残った固まっていない粉末粒子を含む研磨物品プリフォームを生成する工程であり、研磨物品プリフォームは、所定の形状を有し、各工程a)では、固まっていない粉末粒子は、独立して選択され、液状バインダ前駆体物質は、独立して選択される、工程と、
c)残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを研磨物品プリフォームから分離する工程と、
d)研磨物品プリフォームを加熱して、メタルボンド研磨物品を提供する工程と、
を含む、製造方法である。
メタルボンド研磨物品前駆体の少なくとも一部を通って延びる少なくとも1つの蛇行状の冷却通路、又は
メタルボンド研磨物品前駆体の少なくとも一部を通って延びる少なくとも1つの弓状の冷却通路のうちの少なくとも1つを更に備える、メタルボンド研磨物品前駆体を提供する。
混合物重量基準で89%のPDR1及び11%のPDR2を混合して、プリント材料(400g)を準備した。The ExOne Company(North Huntingdon,Pennsylvania)から入手したX1−Lab 3Dプリンタの形成ボックスにプリント材料を詰めた。プリンタのバインダ供給ボトルにBINを詰めた。ステンレス鋼用の以下の操作パラメータを使用して、製造者の操作指示書によるプリント手順及び順序によって、3Dプリンティングを実行した。層厚100ミクロン、スプレッダスピード25mm/秒、プリント飽和度70%レベル、90%ヒータ出力時の乾燥時間60秒。プリントプロセス中、粉末混合物は、良好に展開し、均一な平坦層を形成した。ダイヤモンド砥粒は、一様に分布しているように見えた。プリンティングが終了した後、物体及び周囲の粉末を含む粉末床をプリンタから取り出し、周囲雰囲気オーブン(ambient atmosphere oven)内に配置して195℃で2時間硬化させた。プリントされ硬化した物体を粉末床から取り出し、固まっていない粉末を柔らかな起毛ブラシを使用して除去した。
混合物重量基準で70%のPDR1、11%のPDR2及び19%のBRO2を混合して、プリント材料(400g)を準備した。The ExOne Companyから入手したX1−Lab 3Dプリンタの形成ボックスにプリント材料を詰めた。プリンタのバインダ供給ボトルにBINを詰めた。ステンレス鋼用の以下の操作パラメータを使用して、製造者の操作指示書によるプリント手順及び順序によって、3Dプリンティングを実行した。層厚100ミクロン、スプレッダスピード5mm/秒、プリント飽和度100%レベル、90%ヒータ出力時の乾燥時間60秒。プリンティングが終了した後、物体及び周囲の粉末を含む粉末床をプリンタから取り出し、周囲雰囲気オーブン内に配置して195℃で2時間硬化させた。23℃まで冷却した後に、次いで、プリントされ硬化したディスクを粉末床から取り出し、固まっていない粉末を柔らかな起毛ブラシを使用して除去した。得られた研磨物品は、外径22mm、中心穴直径1.5mm、及び厚さ0.6mmの平坦なダイヤモンド切削ディスクであった。
混合物重量基準で45%のPDR1、25%のPDR3及び30%のBRO2を混合して、プリント材料(400g)を準備した。The ExOne Companyから入手したX1−Lab 3Dプリンタの形成ボックスにプリント材料を詰めた。プリンタのバインダ供給ボトルにBINを詰めた。歯科用バーヘッドの前駆体部分を図2の歯科用バーヘッド210の形状(外径5mm、内径3mm)にプリントするために、ステンレス鋼用の以下の操作パラメータを使用して、製造者の操作指示書による印刷手順及び順序によって、3Dプリンティングを実行した。層厚200ミクロン、スプレッダスピード5mm/秒、プリント飽和度120%レベル、90%ヒータ出力時の乾燥時間120秒。粉末混合物は、良好に展開し、均一な平坦層を形成した。ダイヤモンド砥粒は、一様に分布しているように見えた。プリントプロセスが終了した後、物体及び周囲の粉末を含む粉末床をプリンタから取り出し、周囲雰囲気オーブン内に配置して195℃で2時間硬化させた。23℃まで冷却した後に、次いで、プリントされ硬化した歯科用バーヘッド前駆体を粉末床から取り出し、固まっていない粉末を柔らかな起毛ブラシを使用して除去した。
実施例3の歯科用バーを、力を調節して試験材にバーを押し付けることができる試験装置であるDremelドリルに挿入した。試験材は、Filtek Supreme Ultra Universal(3M ESPE(Saint Paul,Minnesota))の歯科用修復化合物質を、15×25×1.8mmサイズのブロックに鋳造し、出力84に設定されたUV−Vis LED SourceモデルCF2000(Clearstone Tech製(Hopkins,Minnesota))を使用して、2つの主面のそれぞれを20秒間の露出で光硬化したブロックであった。試験材の1つの主面に熱電対を取り付けた。ドリルを10000RPMの回転スピードに設定し、力を200gfに設定した。熱電対とは反対側にある材料の主面にバーを60秒間押し進め、0秒後、30秒後、45秒後及び60秒後それぞれの温度上昇を記録した。バーが物質を除去し、切込みを形成するのが観察された。バーを取り外して、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を使用して100倍に拡大して確認した。バーに削り屑の蓄積がないことを観察した。
Claims (29)
- メタルボンド研磨物品の製造方法であって、前記製造方法は、逐次的な工程を含み、前記逐次的な工程は、
a)
i)固まっていない粉末粒子の層を限られた領域に堆積する工程であり、前記固まっていない粉末粒子は、高融点金属粒子及び研磨粒子を含み、前記固まっていない粉末粒子の層は、実質的に均一な厚さを有する、工程、
ii)前記固まっていない粉末粒子の層の少なくとも1つの所定の領域に液状バインダ前駆体物質を噴射する工程、並びに
iii)前記液状バインダ前駆体物質を、気化、熱硬化、化学硬化、及び/又は、放射線硬化によって、前記少なくとも1つの所定の領域にある前記固まっていない粉末粒子を一緒に結合するバインダ物質に転換して、結合した粉末粒子の層を形成する工程、を逐次的に行うサブプロセスと、
b)工程a)を独立して複数回実施して、積層された前記結合した粉末粒子及び残った固まっていない粉末粒子を含む研磨物品プリフォームを生成する工程であり、前記研磨物品プリフォームは、所定の形状を有し、各工程a)では、前記固まっていない粉末粒子は、独立して選択され、前記液状バインダ前駆体物質は、独立して選択される、工程と、
c)前記残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを前記研磨物品プリフォームから分離する工程と、
d)前記研磨物品プリフォームを加熱して前記バインダ物質の少なくとも一部分をバーンアウトするステップと、
e)前記研磨物品プリフォームに融解した低融点金属を注入する工程であり、前記高融点金属粒子の少なくとも一部は、前記融解した低融点金属と接触したときに完全には融解しない、工程と、
f)前記融解した低融点金属を固化して、前記メタルボンド研磨物品を提供する工程と、を含む、製造方法。 - 前記固まっていない粉末粒子は、融剤粒子を更に含む、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記研磨粒子は、ダイヤモンド粒子又は立方窒化ホウ素粒子のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記研磨粒子は、金属酸化物セラミック粒子を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、前記残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを前記研磨物品プリフォームから分離することによって形成される空間部分の少なくとも一部である、少なくとも1つの冷却通路を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、研磨パッド、研磨研削ビット、研磨セグメント、及び研磨ホイールから成る群から選択される、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、歯科用回転ツールの研磨部の少なくとも一部分を構成する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記液状バインダ前駆体物質は、溶存ポリマーを含有する液状ビヒクルを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記液状ビヒクルは、主に水を含む、請求項8に記載の製造方法。
- 前記高融点金属粒子が、前記融解した低融点金属の温度よりも少なくとも50℃高い融点を有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- メタルボンド研磨物品の製造方法であって、前記方法は、逐次的な工程を含み、前記逐次的な工程は、
a)
i)固まっていない粉末粒子の層を限られた領域に堆積する工程であり、前記固まっていない粉末粒子は、金属粒子及び研磨粒子を含み、前記固まっていない粉末粒子の層は、実質的に均一な厚さを有する、工程、
ii)前記固まっていない粉末粒子の層の少なくとも1つの所定の領域に液状バインダ前駆体物質を噴射する工程、並びに
iii)前記液状バインダ前駆体物質を、気化、熱硬化、化学硬化、及び/又は、放射線硬化によって、前記少なくとも1つの所定の領域にある前記固まっていない粉末粒子を一緒に結合するバインダ物質に転換して、結合した粉末粒子を形成する工程、を逐次的に行うサブプロセスと、
b)工程a)を独立して複数回実施して、積層された前記結合した粉末粒子及び残った固まっていない粉末粒子を含む研磨物品プリフォームを生成する工程であり、前記研磨物品プリフォームは、所定の形状を有し、各工程a)では、前記固まっていない粉末粒子は、独立して選択され、前記液状バインダ前駆体物質は、独立して選択される、工程と、
c)前記残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを前記研磨物品プリフォームから分離する工程と、
d)前記研磨物品プリフォームを加熱して前記バインダ物質の少なくとも一部分をバーンアウトし、前記メタルボンド研磨物品を提供する工程と、を含む、製造方法。 - 前記固まっていない粉末粒子は、融剤粒子を更に含む、請求項11に記載の製造方法。
- 前記研磨粒子は、ダイヤモンド粒子又は立方窒化ホウ素粒子のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項11又は12に記載の製造方法。
- 前記研磨粒子は、金属酸化物セラミック粒子を含む、請求項11又は12に記載の製造方法。
- 前記金属粒子は、高融点金属粒子と低融点金属粒子との組合せを含み、前記高融点金属粒子は、前記融解した低温金属の温度よりも少なくとも50℃高い融点を有する、請求項11〜14のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、前記残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを前記研磨物品プリフォームから分離することによって形成される空間部分の少なくとも一部である、少なくとも1つの冷却通路を含む、請求項11〜15のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、研磨パッド、研磨研削ビット、研磨セグメント、及び研磨ホイールから成る群から選択される、請求項11〜16のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、歯科用回転ツールの研磨部の少なくとも一部分を構成する、請求項11〜16のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記液状バインダ前駆体物質は、溶存ポリマーを含有する液状ビヒクルを含む、請求項11〜18のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記液状ビヒクルは、主に水を含む、請求項19に記載の製造方法。
- 前記残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを前記研磨物品プリフォームから分離することによって形成される空間部分の少なくとも一部である、前記メタルボンド研磨物品の少なくとも一部を通って延びる少なくとも1つの蛇行状の冷却通路を形成し、前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、研磨粒子を内部に保持する金属性バインダ物質を含む、請求項1〜20のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記残った固まっていない粉末粒子の実質的に全てを前記研磨物品プリフォームから分離することによって形成される空間部分の少なくとも一部である、前記メタルボンド研磨物品の少なくとも一部を通って延びる少なくとも1つの弓状の冷却通路を形成し、前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、研磨粒子を内部に保持する金属性バインダ物質を含む、請求項1〜20のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記研磨粒子は、第1の研磨粒子及び第2の研磨粒子を含み、前記第1の研磨粒子及び前記第2の研磨粒子が、前記メタルボンド研磨物品内の分散した所定の異なる領域に配置されている、請求項21又は22に記載の製造方法。
- 前記異なる領域は層である、請求項23に記載の製造方法。
- 前記研磨粒子は、ダイヤモンド粒子又は立方窒化ホウ素粒子のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項21〜24のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記研磨粒子は、金属酸化物セラミック粒子を含む、請求項21〜25のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、研磨パッド、研磨研削ビット、研磨セグメント、及び研磨ホイールから成る群から選択される、請求項21〜26のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、15〜50体積パーセントの空隙率を有する多孔性の金属含有マトリックスを含む、請求項21〜27のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記メタルボンド研磨物品は、歯科用ツールの少なくとも一部分を含む、請求項21〜27のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
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