JP6982873B2 - Harvester - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a harvester for harvesting agricultural products.

Conventionally, for example, the harvester described in Patent Document 1 below is known.

This conventional harvester has a first transport means for transporting agricultural products, a second transport means for transporting agricultural products from the first transport means and dropping soil from a fall gap, and a second transport means for dropping soil from a fall gap. 1 It is provided with a third transport means for transporting to the transport means side and discharging from the transport end portion to the field.

Further, the second transport means is composed of an inclined separation rake having a front height and a rear low, and the separation rake has a plurality of rod-shaped members, and among the plurality of rod-shaped members, between the rod-shaped members adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. A fall gap is formed in.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-191 211

However, in the above-mentioned conventional harvester, for example, if the falling gap is increased so that a relatively large mass of soil also falls from the falling gap of the separation rake, the crop to be harvested will also fall, and the dropped crop will fall. It will be discharged to the field from the transport end of the separation rake.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a harvester capable of preventing agricultural products to be harvested from being discharged into a field.

The harvester according to the present invention comprises a first transporting means for transporting agricultural products, a second transporting means for transporting agricultural products from the first transporting means, and a second transporting means for dropping soil from a fall gap, and the second transporting means. It is provided with a third transport means for returning the agricultural products that have fallen through the fall gap to the first transport means and transporting them again.

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the crop to be harvested from being discharged into the field.

It is an overall side view of the harvester which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. Same as above It is a side view of the main part of the harvester. Same as above It is a plan view of the main part of the harvester. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the arrow A in FIG. It is a B arrow view in FIG. It is a perspective view of the lower end part of the 1st transport means of the same above-mentioned harvester. Same as above It is a side view of the lower end portion of the first transport means of the harvester. Same as above It is a plan view of a main part after adjusting the size of the drop gap of the second transport means of the harvester. It is a side view of the main part of the harvester which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Same as above It is a plan view of the main part of the harvester.

The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.

In the figure, 1 is a harvester, and the harvester 1 is a self-propelled type that harvests crops W in the field into the container K while moving the field forward (in the direction of travel) by driving the crawler 2 which is a traveling means. It is a harvester. The crop W, which is the harvested product, is, for example, sweet potatoes (root vegetables) grown in the ridges of the field.

As shown in FIG. 1, the harvester 1 includes a digging and transporting means 3 for digging and transporting agricultural products W in a field from the soil, and the digging and transporting means 3 has a pair of left and right gauge wheels 4. It is attached via the gauge wheel support 5.

Further, the harvester 1 carries the first transport means (lift transport means) 6 for lifting and transporting the crop W from the excavation transport means 3 diagonally backward and upward, and the crop W from the first transport means 6 backward. A second transport means (soil separation transport means) 7 for soil separation is provided, in which soil (including a soil mass) from the first transport means 6 is dropped from the drop gap 10.

Then, below the second transport means 7, the soil that has fallen from the fall gap 10 is transported to the first transport means side (front), and the crop W that has passed through the fall gap 10 and has fallen, that is, for example, is compared. A third transport means (soil transport means) 8 is provided in which the small crop W (W1) is returned to the first transport means 6 and lifted and transported again to the first transport means 6.

Further, the harvester 1 detachably supports the sorting and transporting means 11 for transporting the agricultural products W from the second transporting means 7 to the rear and the container K in which the agricultural products W from the sorting and transporting means 11 are stored. It is equipped with means 12.

A step 14 is provided on the body 13 of the harvester 1, and a worker riding on the step 14 performs sorting work (for example, a drop gap 10 so that only the crop W to be harvested is stored in the container K). Work to remove large soil lumps that did not fall from the soil and unnecessary crops that were damaged). Further, the machine body 13 is also provided with an engine 15 for driving the crawler 2 and the like, an operating means operated by an operator, and the like.

The digging and transporting means 3 is endless, in which the digging blade 16 for digging the crop W in the field and the crop W dug by the digging blade 16 are transported and the soil is dropped and removed in the field during the transport. It has a carrier body 17 in the shape of a carrier. The transport body 17 transports the agricultural product W while rotating in a predetermined direction based on the power from the engine 15.

As shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the first transport means 6 has an endless transport body 21 that lifts and transports the crop W while rotating in a predetermined direction based on the power from the engine 15. ..

The carrier 21 includes a pair of left and right endless members 23 spanned over the rotating member 22, a plurality of longitudinal members 24 erected on both endless members 23, and these plurality of longitudinal members. Of the 24, it has a plurality of claw members 25 provided on predetermined longitudinal members 24 that are spaced apart from each other. The plurality of claw members 25 are arranged side by side at intervals in the left-right direction, and the crop W is lifted and transported by the plurality of claw members 25.

Further, the first transport means 6 includes a side cover plate 26 which is a left and right side cover body that covers the sides of the transport body 21, a rear cover plate 27 which is a rear cover body that covers the rear of the transport body 21, and a transport body. It has a lower cover plate 28 which is a lower cover body that covers the lower part of 21. The side cover plate 26, the rear cover plate 27, and the lower cover plate 28 constitute a substantially box-shaped carrier cover portion 29 that opens forward.

The rear cover plate 27 has a bent portion 30 bent to the rear side at the upper end portion, and the bent portion 30 is located close to the transport end portion of the third transport means 8 (see FIG. 4). That is, the transport end portion of the third transport means 8 is located near the upper end portion (bent portion 30) of the rear cover plate 27 of the first transport means 6.

The lower cover plate 28 includes an arc-shaped arc plate portion 31 centered on the rotation center of the lower rotating member 22, and a mounting plate portion 32 erected on the left and right side ends of the arc plate portion 31. It has an inclined plate portion 33 integrally projected diagonally forward and upward at the front end portion of the arc plate portion 31.

The arc plate portion 31 of the lower cover plate 28 is formed with a large opening 35 over substantially the entire arc plate portion 31. Of the openings 35 for soil discharge, the entire first half 35a and a part of the second half 35b have elongated soil discharge ports 36 for discharging soil to the field at intervals in the left-right direction. It is closed by an elastic plate (for example, a rubber plate) 37, which is a plurality of elastically deformable curved elastic bodies.

The elastic plate 37 is detachably attached to the rear cover plate 27 and the lower cover plate 28 by the attachment means 41, 42, 43. That is, the elastic plate 37 is attached to the outer surface of the rear cover plate 27 by the attachment means 41, and is attached to the inner surface (upper surface) of the arc plate portion 31 of the lower cover plate 28 by the attachment means 42 and 43.

The upper surface of the arc plate portion 31 of the lower cover plate 28 is covered by the elastic plate 27 which is deformed along the upper surface to form an arc shape. Further, the elastic plate 37 is inserted into the opening 40 located between the lower end of the rear cover plate 27 and the rear end of the arc plate portion 31 of the lower cover plate 28, and the elastic plate 37 allows the opening 40 to be inserted. It is closed.

Further, the cushion plate 44 and the presser plate 45 are detachably attached to the inclined plate portion 33 of the lower cover plate 28 by the attaching means 46, and the front end portion 37a of the elastic plate 37 is attached to the presser plate 45 and the lower cover plate 28. It is being pinched. Further, for example, the rubber cushion plate 44 is an inclined guide body that receives the agricultural product W from the excavation transport means 3 and guides it on the surface of the claw member 25 of the transport body 21.

Further, the first transport means 6 has a first internal space portion 48 located between the transport body 21 and the rear cover plate 27, and a second internal space portion 49 located between the transport body 21 and the elastic plate 37. And have. The two internal space portions 48 and 49 communicating with each other constitute a return space 50 through which the crop W (W1) carried out from the transport end portion of the third transport means 8 and the soil (including the soil mass) pass through. ..

Each soil discharge port 36 of the elastic plate 37 is formed to a size that the crop W (W1) that has passed through the return space 50 cannot pass through (see FIG. 6). Further, the crop W (W1) and the soil mass put into the return space 50 in the first transport means 6 by the third transport means 8 may be placed on the back surface of the claw member 25 of the transport body 21 and transported downward. However, if it is not placed on the back surface of the claw member 25, it slides down to the elastic plate 37 along the inclined rear cover plate 27.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 and the like, the second transport means 7 transports the crop W in the transport direction while rotating in a predetermined direction based on the power from the motor 20 which is the drive source (for example, 3). It has a transport rotating body 51 of the book). Then, there is a drop gap 10 between the front and rear transport rotating bodies 51 adjacent to each other in the transport direction, and the size of the drop gap 10 can be adjusted so as to correspond to the soil quality of the field and the like. There is.

The drop gap 10 is for dropping impurities such as soil on the third transport means 8, but depending on the posture and shape of the crop W, the crop that should be harvested (for example, smaller than usual) is used. Agricultural crops W1) W may also fall from the fall gap 10.

Here, each transport rotating body 51 has a rotating shaft 53 rotatably mounted on the left and right side plates 52 in the left-right direction, and the rotating shaft 53 includes a roller member (sorting roller) 55 and a first. The spacer member (large spacer) 56 and the second spacer member (small spacer) 57 are detachably attached. Both spacer members 56 and 57 have different sizes, and the width dimension of the first spacer member 56 is, for example, 12 mm, and the width dimension of the second spacer member 57 is, for example, 4 mm. The roller member 55 has a circular large diameter portion 55a for transporting the crop W.

Then, the size of the drop gap 10 can be adjusted by changing the positions of the roller member 55, the first spacer member 56, and the second spacer member 57 with respect to the rotating shaft 53, changing the orientation of the roller member 55, and the like ( See FIG. 8).

For example, if the soil in the field tends to solidify, the soil mass will become large, so the size of the drop gap 10 should be increased so that the large soil mass can also be dropped so that the burden on the worker (sorting worker) on step 14 is reduced. It is preferable to make it relatively large. On the other hand, for example, when the soil in the field is close to sand and difficult to solidify, it is preferable to make the size of the drop gap 10 relatively small so that the crop W does not fall and only fine soil is dropped.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the motor 20 is attached to the right side plate 52, and the drive sprocket 61 is fixed to the output shaft 20a of the motor 20. A driven sprocket 62 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 53 of each transport rotating body 51.

A first chain 63 is hung on these plurality of sprockets 61 and 62, and a guide roller 64 and a branch sprocket 65 are engaged with the first chain 63. Further, a second chain 67 is hung between the branch sprocket 65 and the sprocket 66 fixed to the drive rotating body 82 of the third transport means 8.

In this way, the second transport means 7 and the third transport means 8 are configured to be driven based on the power from the motor 20 which is one common drive source. Although not shown, for example, both transport means 7 and 8 may be driven based on the power from the engine 15, and both transport means 7 and 8 may be driven based on the power from individual drive sources. But it may be.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the second transport means 7 has a plurality of scrapers 68 for scraping the soil adhering to each roller member 55 of the transport rotating body 51. Each scraper 68 is attached to a mounting plate 69 which is vertically elongated in the left-right direction, which is erected on both side plates 52.

Further, the second transport means 7 has a plurality of guide claws 71 that receive the agricultural products W from the first transport means 6 and guide them on the roller member 55 of the transport rotating body 51. Each guide claw 71 is attached to a claw mounting plate 72 which is vertically elongated in the left-right direction, which is erected on both side plates 52. Then, the claw member 25 of the carrier 21 passes through the space 73 between the guide claws 71 adjacent to each other (see FIG. 3).

The third transport means 8 transports the soil (including the soil mass) and the crop W (W1) that have fallen from the fall gap 10 forward while rotating in a predetermined direction based on the power from the motor 20, and first transports the soil (W1). It has a transport belt 81, which is an endless transport body that is charged (supplied) into the return space 50 of the means 6.

The transport belt 81 is hung on the front and rear drive rotating body 82 and the driven rotating body 83, and the sprocket 66 is fixed to the end of the shaft portion 82a of the driving rotating body 82. Then, the transport belt 81 rotates in a predetermined direction based on the rotation of the drive rotating body 82 driven by the power from the motor 20. The drive rotating body 82 is arranged at a position near the upper side of the bent portion 30 of the rear cover plate 27.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sorting and transporting means 11 is composed of two belt conveyor portions 86 and 87 arranged in the front-rear direction. A gap 88 for soil discharge exists between the two belt conveyor portions 86 and 87.

Further, the container supporting means 12 has a mounting table 89 on which the container K, which is a container, is placed, and a hooking portion 90 on which the string of the container K is hooked.

Next, the operation of the harvester 1 and the like will be described.

When the harvester 1 travels and moves in the traveling direction, the agricultural products W in the field are dug up and transported by the excavation and transporting means 3, and then lifted and transported by the transporting body 21 of the first transporting means 6.

After that, the crop W is transported by the transport rotating body 51 of the roller conveyor type second transport means 7, then is transported by the sorting and transporting means 11, and is carried out from the transporting end portion of the sorting and transporting means 11 and is carried out in the container K. It is stored in.

Here, in the second transport means 7, soil (including a mass of soil) falls from the fall gap 10 between the adjacent transport rotating bodies 51, but even a relatively small crop W (W1) passes through the fall gap 10. It may fall.

Then, the crop W (W1) that has fallen from the fall gap 10 is conveyed by the transport belt 81 of the third transport means 8 and is thrown into the return space 50 in the first transport means 6.

The introduced crop W (W1) moves downward through the return space 50 and is temporarily placed on the elastic plate (placement portion located at the lower end portion of the first transport means 6) 37. To. Next, the agricultural product W (W1) on the elastic plate 37 is scooped up by the claw member 25 of the transport body 21 of the first transport means 6 and is lifted and transported again.

Then, the crop W (W1) is sent to the second transport means 7 again, but does not fall from the fall gap 10 depending on the posture and direction on the second transport means 7, and is sorted from the second transport means 7. Transferred to the transport means 11 and stored in the container K.

On the other hand, the soil that has fallen from the drop gap 10 is conveyed by the transfer belt 81 of the third transfer means 8, and when it is thrown into the return space 50 from the transfer end of the transfer belt 81, it passes through the return space 50. After falling onto the elastic plate 37, it is discharged to the field from the soil discharge port 36 of the elastic plate 37.

If the soil that has fallen from the fall gap 10 is a soil mass, the soil mass collapses on the transport belt 81 or the elastic plate 37 due to the impact of the fall, etc. Is discharged to.

For example, even a hard soil mass that does not easily collapse is gradually reduced in size by being repeatedly returned to the first transport means 6 by the third transport means 8, and is finally discharged to the field from the soil discharge port 36.

Then, according to the harvester 1, the third transport means 8 for returning the crops to return the crops W that have fallen through the fall gap 10 of the second transport means 7 to the first transport means 6 and transport them again is provided. , It is possible to prevent the crop W to be harvested from being discharged to the field together with the soil.

Further, since a relatively large soil mass can be dropped from the drop gap 10 and separated, the soil mass sent to the sorting and transporting means 11 can be reduced, and the burden on the operator on step 14 can be reduced.

Further, since the first transport means 6 has an elastic plate 37 such as a rubber plate on which the soil discharge port 36 is formed, not only can the falling crop W be prevented from being damaged, but also stones and the like can be discharged from the elastic plate 37. It is possible to prevent a problem that the claw member 25 is damaged by being caught between the outlets 36.

Further, since the elastic plate 37 is detachably attached to the carrier cover portion 29, the elastic plate 37 can be easily replaced and maintenance is easy.

Further, since the size of the drop gap 10 of the second transport means 7 can be adjusted, it is possible to appropriately cope with the soil quality of the field and the like.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

In this second embodiment, the second transport means 7 is composed of a front high back low inclined separation rake 91. The separation rake 91 has a plurality of rod-shaped members 92 in the front-rear direction arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, and these plurality of rod-shaped members 92 are longitudinally longitudinal members erected on both side plates 52. It is attached to the attachment bar 93, which is an attachment member. Then, a fall gap 10 exists between the rod-shaped members 92 adjacent to each other, and soil (including a soil mass) and a small crop W (W1) fall from the fall gap 10.

Further, the third transport means 8 is composed of an inclined chute 95 having a front low and a rear height, and the plate-shaped chute 95 is erected on both side plates 52. The transport end portion of the chute 95 is located near the upper end portion (bent portion 30) of the rear cover plate 27 of the first transport means 6. Then, the soil and the crop W (W1) that have fallen from the fall gap 10 of the separation rake 91 are transported by the chute 95 and are thrown into the return space 50 in the first transport means 6.

Further, also in this second embodiment, the same action and effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, such as preventing the crop W to be harvested from being discharged to the field. The size of the drop gap 10 may be adjusted by moving the rod-shaped member 92 with respect to the mounting bar 93, for example.

In any of the above embodiments, the crop W is not limited to sweet potatoes, and may be, for example, potatoes.

Further, the harvester 1 is not limited to the one that digs the crop W in the field from the soil and harvests it, and may be, for example, the one that picks up and harvests the crop W in the field, and is not a self-propelled type but a traveling vehicle. It may be a traction type connected to.

Further, the second transport means 7 is not limited to the one having three transport rotating bodies 51. For example, by increasing the number of transport rotating bodies, the second transport means is lengthened in the front-rear direction to sort and transport means. It may be configured to also serve as.

Further, for example, the size of the soil discharge port of the elastic body may be adjustable, or the soil discharge port may be formed on the lower cover body without providing the elastic body. Further, for example, the third transport means may be configured by a roller conveyor or the like.

Although some embodiments of the present invention and variations thereof have been described, it is also possible to appropriately combine the embodiments and modifications thereof as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated.

W Agricultural products 1 Harvester 6 1st transport means 7 2nd transport means 8 3rd transport means
10 Fall gap
20 Motor that is the drive source
21 Carrier
27 Rear cover plate, which is the rear cover body
36 Soil discharge port
37 An elastic plate that is an elastic body
51 Transport rotating body

Claims (8)

The first means of transporting agricultural products and
A second transport means for transporting agricultural products from the first transport means and dropping soil through a fall gap,
A harvester comprising a third transporting means for returning agricultural products that have fallen through the falling gap of the second transporting means to the first transporting means and transporting them again. Said first conveying means has an endless conveying member for conveying the crop while Kaigyo,
The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the transport body scoops up the agricultural products returned by the third transport means and transports them again. It said first conveying means has an elastic body soil outlet is formed for discharging the soil in the field,
Wherein the carrier of the first transporting means, harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein the conveying the third back by the conveying means again scooped crops placed on the elastic body. The harvester according to claim 3, wherein the elastic body is composed of a removable elastic plate. Wherein said fall gap of the second conveying means, harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is adjustable. Said second conveying means has a plurality of conveying rotating body to convey the crop to the conveying direction while rotating on the basis of the power from the drive source,
Wherein between the conveying direction adjacent said conveying rotating body is harvested according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the falling gap for dropping the soil on the third conveying means is present Machine. The third conveying means, any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that supplying said second conveying the soil and crop dropped from the dropping gap conveying means in said first transfer means Harvester. The transfer terminal end portion of the third conveying means, harvesting machine according to claim 7, wherein the position in the vicinity of the upper end portion of the cover body after said first conveying means.

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