JP6720583B2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing building material using tunnel excavation shear - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a building material using a tunnel excavation shear that makes effective use of shear such as rock and earth and sand generated in the tunnel excavation.

The blasting method is often used for conventional tunnel excavation work.
In the blasting method, rocks are blasted and dug, so that a large amount of crushed rocks and earth and sand (hereinafter simply referred to as shear) are generated. This shear is crushed by a crusher such as a jaw crusher arranged in the tunnel to a size that can be conveyed by a belt conveyor, then quickly carried out to the outside by the belt conveyor and temporarily collected in a temporary storage yard.

The temporary yard is used as embankment on site, but most of the rest is discarded. However, it is difficult to secure a place for disposal around the site, and it is usually transported by a dump truck to a distant disposal site away from the site.
Truck transportation, which has a limited loading capacity per vehicle, requires a large cost such as fuel cost and human rights cost, and also has problems such as traffic congestion, roadside noise and vibration, and generation of exhaust gas.

Due to the recent trend of global warming prevention, in Patent Document 1 as a technology for reducing truck transportation and reusing the shear, the shear discharged in tunnel construction is less than or equal to the target maximum particle diameter, and larger than this. The replenished portion of is subjected to sieving and is crushed. Then, a method for producing an aggregate is disclosed, in which crushed rock is sieved for a portion having a particle size equal to or smaller than a target maximum particle diameter, and is effectively used as a concrete aggregate.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a scale that emits infrared rays is placed on a shear deposit and a temperature distribution image is captured. A technique is disclosed in which the contour of the shear and the scale is extracted from the obtained image, and the grain size of the shear is measured from the size of the scale to promote the secondary use of the shear.

Japanese Patent No. 3970823 Japanese Patent No. 5408732

However, in the shear generated by tunnel excavation, the stone quality is not constant at each site, and the properties (particle size, etc.) of the crushed stone required at the site also change depending on the construction period or content. For example, in the early stage of tunnel construction, backfill material, roadbed material, in the latter stage, sprayed concrete aggregate, in the case of train tunnels, ballast laid during rail laying, etc. You will need it.

Therefore, the equipment for manufacturing various building materials tends to be large in size, and there are various problems such as an increase in equipment cost, a long construction period of the equipment, and a vast installation place. In addition, many of these sites are inconvenient for transportation, making it difficult to install large-scale equipment.
Further, in Patent Document 1, only the concrete aggregate is manufactured, and in order to manufacture other building materials, additional equipment has to be added, which causes a problem such as an increase in cost.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a construction material using a tunnel excavation shear capable of effectively utilizing the shear generated in the tunnel excavation by an equipment capable of manufacturing a construction material required at a construction site. Is intended to provide.

As a first means for solving the above problems, the present invention is a first classification for classifying particles to a predetermined particle size by a movable first classifying means arranged at a stage subsequent to a conveyor for discharging a shear at a tunnel excavation site to the outside of the tunnel. A step, a crushing step of crushing the sheared product classified to the predetermined particle size to a predetermined particle size by a mobile crushing means, and a crushed material crushed in the crushing step to a predetermined particle size by a mobile second classifying means It has a second classifying step of manufacturing building materials, and a step of returning the crushed objects classified in the second classifying step and having a diameter larger than a predetermined particle size to the crushing step and crushing again, which is performed during the tunnel construction period. Together, according to the nature of the shear or the type or amount of the building material, at least one of the movable first classifying means, the movable crushing means, and the movable second classifying means It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a building material using tunnel excavation shears, which is characterized by changing a processing capacity, a kind, or an arrangement .
According to the first means, since the movable classifying means and the crushing means are used, it is possible to easily obtain the required particle size according to the construction period or contents of tunnel construction (property of tunnel excavation). It is possible to change the arrangement of means and the like, and it is possible to easily manufacture a building material having a required particle size. Further, the distance of the belt conveyor can be minimized.

As a second means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is, in the first means, a step of manufacturing a concrete material by a movable batcher mixer using the building material, and the manufactured concrete material on the conveyor. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a building material using tunnel excavation shears, which comprises the step of transporting to the tunnel excavation site.
According to the second means, since the movable batcher mixer is used, it is possible to manufacture the concrete material from the concrete aggregate having the required particle size according to the construction period of the tunnel construction. In addition, the manufactured concrete material can be easily and quickly transported to the site inside the tunnel by a conveyor.
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of times of truck transportation such as a mixer truck for transporting ready-mixed concrete into the tunnel.

As a third means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, in the first or second means, an object to be crushed having a diameter larger than a predetermined particle diameter classified in the second classification step is added to the crushing step. It is intended to provide a method of manufacturing a building material using tunnel excavation shears, which has a step of returning and re-crushing.
According to the third means, it is possible to manufacture a building material having a required particle size according to the construction period or contents of tunnel construction.
Further, it is possible to obtain a required amount of crushed stone or crushed sand of a desired size required for construction.

As a fourth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is, in any one of the first to third means, characterized in that, according to the property of the shear or the type or amount of the building material, the movable type A construction material using a tunnel excavating shear, characterized in that a processing capacity, a kind or an arrangement of at least one of the one classification means, the movable crushing means and the second movable classification means is changed. It is to provide a manufacturing method.
According to the fourth means, it is possible to easily manufacture a building material having a required particle size and amount in accordance with the construction period or contents of tunnel construction (property of tunnel excavation).

As a fifth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a first classifying means for classifying into a predetermined particle size by arranging it at a stage subsequent to a conveyor for discharging the shear at the tunnel excavation site outside the tunnel in the early stage of tunnel construction. And a mobile crushing means for crushing the sheared product classified to the predetermined particle size to a predetermined particle size, and a mobile type second for manufacturing a building material by classifying the crushed material crushed by the mobile crushing means to a predetermined particle size. Classifying means, a mobile batcher mixer that manufactures a concrete material using the building material in the latter stage of the tunnel construction, and a mobile transfer means that transfers the manufactured concrete material to the tunnel excavation site with the conveyor, An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for manufacturing a building material using tunnel excavation shears.
According to the fifth means, since the movable classifying means and the crushing means are used, it is possible to easily obtain the necessary particle size according to the construction period or contents of tunnel construction (property of tunnel excavation). It is possible to change the arrangement of means and the like, and it is possible to easily manufacture a building material having a required particle size. Moreover, the distance of the belt conveyor can be minimized, and the entire apparatus can be made compact.

As a sixth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is, in the fifth means, a movable batcher mixer for producing a concrete material by using the building material, and the produced concrete material by the conveyor. (EN) Provided is an apparatus for manufacturing a building material using a tunnel excavation slide, which comprises: a mobile transfer means for transporting to a tunnel excavation site.
According to the sixth means, since the movable batcher mixer is used, it is possible to manufacture the concrete material from the concrete aggregate having the required particle size according to the construction period of the tunnel construction. In addition, the manufactured concrete material can be easily and quickly transported to the site inside the tunnel by a conveyor.
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of times of truck transportation such as a mixer truck for transporting ready-mixed concrete into the tunnel.

As a seventh means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the movable second classification means according to the fifth or sixth means, wherein the crushed object having a diameter larger than a predetermined particle size is classified. It is an object of the present invention to provide a building material manufacturing apparatus using a tunnel excavation slide, which is characterized in that a returning section for returning to the mobile crushing means is provided.
According to the seventh means, it is possible to manufacture a building material having a required particle size and amount according to the construction period or contents of tunnel construction.
In addition, due to the nature of tunnel excavation, it is possible to obtain crushed stone or crushed sand of a required size depending on the construction period when crushing cannot be crushed to a desired particle size by one crushing.

As an eighth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the tunnel excavating shears according to any one of the fifth to seventh means, characterized in that the first classifying means is movable. The purpose is to provide the manufacturing equipment for the building materials.
According to the eighth means, the means main body is provided with wheels, endless tracks, etc. and is movable so that it can be run or towed. Therefore, it is easily required according to the construction period of tunnel construction or the content (property of tunnel excavation) It is possible to change the arrangement of each means for obtaining a desired particle size, and it is possible to easily manufacture a building material having a required particle size.

According to the present invention having the above configuration, it is possible to arbitrarily change the equipment configuration according to the construction period or contents of the tunnel construction, classify and crush the shear, and manufacture a building material according to the purpose of use. Can be effectively utilized. As a result, transportation costs due to truck transportation, traffic congestion, roadside noise and vibration, exhaust gas generation, etc. can be significantly reduced. Further, since the mobile type classifying means and crushing means are used, it is possible to add or reduce the equipment and change the type and size, so that it can be widely applied according to the type of construction.

It is a top view of the manufacturing apparatus of the building material using the tunnel excavation shears of this invention. It is a top view of the modification 1 of the manufacturing apparatus of the building material using the tunnel excavation shears of this invention. It is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of the building material using the tunnel excavation shears of this invention.

Embodiments of a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a building material using a tunnel excavation shear of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The building material of the present invention utilizes crushed stone and crushed sand obtained by crushing and classifying tunnel excavation shear, and is a backfill material used for civil engineering/building, roadbed material, ballast, concrete aggregate, etc. ..

[Building material manufacturing apparatus 10 using tunnel excavation shear]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a building material manufacturing apparatus using a tunnel excavation shear of the present invention.
The building material manufacturing apparatus 10 using the tunnel excavation shears of the present invention has a mobile first classifying means 20, a mobile crushing means 30, a mobile second classifying means 40, and a mobile conveying means 50 as a basic configuration. I am trying. The tunnel excavation shear is crushed to a particle size of 150 mm or less that can be conveyed by a conveyor in advance in the tunnel.
Further, the various means of the present invention employs a movable structure in which the main body of the means is provided with wheels, endless tracks, and the like so that the means can travel or tow within a work site.

The movable first classifying means 20 is arranged at the subsequent stage of the conveyor 12 for discharging the shear generated at the tunnel excavation site to the outside of the tunnel. The mobile first classifying means 20 of the present invention uses a mobile vibrating screener, a centrifuge or the like as an example, and employs a configuration that can be easily transported or moved to a temporary storage yard in the site. .. Moreover, the 1st classification|category means 20 can also employ|adopt the structure which installs a plurality of installation numbers. The movable first classifying means 20 includes mud and the like (including finely crushed materials) included in the tunnel excavation shear and a predetermined particle size (150 mm or less) that can be crushed by the mobile crushing means 30 in the subsequent stage. It can be classified by sieving. The movable first classifying means 20 can prevent problems such as clogging of the crushing means due to mud or the like. Movable transfer means 50 are attached to the respective outlets of the movable first classification means 20. The movable first classifying means 20 of the present invention may be a classifying means fixed in advance on the downstream side of the conveyor 12 in the tunnel. In this case, by making the means on the downstream side mobile, it is possible to easily change the arrangement to obtain the required particle size according to the construction period or content of tunnel construction (property of tunnel excavation). Become.

The mobile transfer means 50 of the present embodiment uses a mobile belt conveyor and employs a configuration that can be easily transferred or moved to a temporary storage yard in the site.
Then, the shear (smaller than mud, etc.) smaller than the predetermined particle size, which has been classified by sieving by the movable first classifying means 20, is temporarily placed in the area a of the temporary storage yard, and the shear having the predetermined particle size or more is in the area. It is temporarily placed in b.

The mobile crushing means 30 is arranged at the subsequent stage of the mobile first classifying means 20. The more specific location of the mobile crushing means 30 is in the latter stage of the area b, and the sheared material classified into a predetermined particle size is supplied via the mobile transport means 50. The mobile crushing means 30 of the present invention uses a mobile cone crusher as an example, and employs a configuration that can be easily transported or moved to a temporary storage yard on site. The mobile crushing means 30 can crush the classified shear to a predetermined particle size.
In addition, if it is a mobile cone crusher, the shear can be crushed into crushed stone or crushed sand. The degree of crushing can be controlled to any size by adjusting the gap between the crushing parts of the cone crusher.

The movable second classifying means 40 is arranged at the discharge port of the movable crushing means 30. The second classifying means 40 of the present invention uses a mobile vibrating screener, a centrifuge and the like like the mobile first classifying means 20, and can be easily transported or moved to a temporary storage yard in the field. Has been adopted. Moreover, the 2nd classification means 40 can also employ|adopt the structure which installs multiple installation numbers. The mobile second classifying unit 40 of the present embodiment classifies the crushed material by sieving it into a predetermined particle size, classifies it, and temporarily places it in the areas c to f via the mobile conveying unit 50 for each building. Manufactures materials.

The classified area c has, for example, a particle size of 40 mm to 80 mm, and is used as a backfill material, a roadbed material, or crushed again to be a concrete aggregate.
The area d is, for example, crushed stone having a particle size of 5 mm to 40 mm and can be used as a concrete aggregate.
The area e is, for example, crushed sand having a particle size of 5 mm or less, and can be used for concrete aggregate. The crushed stones in the area d and the crushed sand in the area e can be used as concrete aggregate by mixing at a predetermined ratio.
The area f has a particle size of 80 mm or more, for example, and can be used as a backfill material.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a modified example 1 of the building material manufacturing apparatus using the tunnel excavation shears of the present invention.
In the building material manufacturing apparatus 10A using the tunnel excavation shear of the first modification, a movable batcher mixer 60 is arranged at a stage subsequent to the movable second classification means 40. Further, the second classifying means 40 is provided with a returning section 42 for returning the crushed object (area f in FIG. 1) larger than the classified crushed stones having a predetermined particle size to the mobile crushing means 30. Other configurations are similar to those shown in FIG. 1, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
In addition, in the manufacturing apparatus 10A of the modified example 1, as an example of a particularly preferable configuration, by changing the arrangement direction of the movable second classifying means 40, a discharge conveyor which is a part of the movable second classifying means 40 is provided. The chute was used as the return unit 42.
However, the configuration of the return unit 42 applicable to the present invention is not limited to this, and the return unit 42 may be configured by disposing a movable belt conveyor or the like separately.

The movable batcher mixer 60 of the present invention uses a movable batcher as an example, and employs a configuration that can be easily transported or moved to a temporary storage yard. In the present embodiment, the movable batcher mixer 60 can manufacture a concrete material using the building materials of the area d and the area e in the yard. Then, the movable transfer means 50 a is attached between the outlet of the movable batcher mixer 60 and the conveyor 12. The mobile transfer means 50a is a conveyor for transferring the manufactured concrete material to the site of tunnel construction.

Further, the movable second classifying means 40 employs a configuration in which a returning portion 42 for returning a crushed object larger than the classified crushed stone having a predetermined particle size to the movable crushing means 30 is provided. Thereby, for example, the production amount of concrete aggregate can be increased.
It should be noted that areas c and f shown in FIG. 1 have a configuration in which, when the amount of concrete aggregate is increased according to construction work, the returning section 42 in FIG. It can also be adopted.

Further, since the building material manufacturing apparatus 10A of the present invention is configured to employ the movable first classifying means 20, the movable crushing means 30, the movable second classifying means 40, and the movable batcher mixer 60, the tunnel can be used. Depending on the nature of the excavation shear or the type or amount of the building material, the processing capacity or type of at least one of the movable first classifying unit 20, the mobile crushing unit 30, and the movable second classifying unit 40. Alternatively, the arrangement can be easily changed.

Here, the change in the processing capacity of one means means an increase or decrease in the processing capacity per unit, or an increase or decrease in the number of installed units.
Further, the change of the type of one means means, for example, in the case of the classifying means, the change of the model such as the vibrating screener and the centrifugal separator.
The change of the arrangement of one means means a change of the device configuration such as the arrangement place at the work site and the chute discharge direction.

[Method of manufacturing building materials using tunnel excavation]
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a building material using the tunnel excavation shear of the present invention.

In the initial stage of tunnel construction, the shear generated at the tunnel excavation site is discharged to the outside of the tunnel by the conveyor 12, and the mobile first classifying means 20 arranged at the subsequent stage of the conveyor 12 classifies the shear into a predetermined particle size. The first classification step is performed (S1). Shear smaller than the predetermined particle size classified by the movable first classifying means 20 is temporarily placed in the area a via the mobile conveying means 50, and shearing above the predetermined particle size is transferred to the area via the mobile conveying means 50. It is temporarily placed in b.

Next, the shear of the predetermined particle size in the area b is transported to the mobile crushing means 30 via the mobile transporting means 50 and crushed to the predetermined particle size (S2).
The crushed material is subjected to a second classification step in which it is classified into a predetermined particle size by the movable second classification means 40 (S3). Then, the building material is manufactured by temporarily placing the particles in each of the areas c to f through the movable conveying means 50 for each particle size. The building material manufactured by the movable second classifying means 40 is, for example, a backfill material, a roadbed material in the early stage of tunnel construction, or ballast in the case of a railway tunnel.

In the latter stage of the tunnel construction, in order to manufacture the concrete material used for the concrete wall surface, the movable batcher mixer 60 is arranged in the latter stage of the movable second classifying means 40, and the building materials of the areas d and e are used. A concrete material is manufactured by the movable batcher mixer 60 (S4).
When increasing the number of crushed stones having a predetermined particle size, such as increasing the production of concrete aggregate, a crushed object larger than the crushed stone having a predetermined particle size in the area f classified by the movable second classifying unit 40 is moved by the return unit 42 It is returned to the crushing means 30 and crushed again (S5).

If it is necessary to increase the production of concrete aggregate depending on the construction,
The crushed material in the area c classified by the mobile second classifying means 40 is returned to the mobile crushing means 30 by the returning section 42 (broken line arrow in the figure), and the crushed material in the area c is recrushed to increase the production. You can also do it.
Then, by rotating the discharge port of the movable batcher mixer 60, the movable transfer means 50a mounted between the conveyors 12, and the conveyor 12 in the reverse direction, the movable batcher mixer 60 can be operated as shown by an arrow A in FIG. The manufactured concrete material is transported to the tunnel construction site (S6).

According to the method and apparatus for manufacturing a building material using the tunnel excavation shear of the present invention, the equipment configuration is arbitrarily changed according to the construction period or contents of the tunnel construction, and the shear is classified by sieving or the like. , It can be crushed to produce building materials according to the purpose of use, and tunnel excavation shear can be effectively used. Further, since the mobile type classifying means and crushing means are used, it is possible to add or reduce the equipment and change the type and size, so that it can be widely applied according to the type of construction.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is industrially useful particularly in the field of civil engineering, such as tunnel excavation sites, where a large amount of misalignment occurs.

10... Manufacturing equipment for building material using tunnel excavation, 12... Conveyor, 20... Mobile first classifying means, 30... Mobile crushing means, 40... Mobile second Classifying means, 42... Returning section, 50, 50a... Mobile transfer means, 60... Mobile batcher mixer.

Claims (3)

A first classifying step of classifying to a predetermined particle size by a movable first classifying unit arranged at a stage subsequent to a conveyor for discharging the shear at the tunnel excavation site to the outside of the tunnel;
A crushing step of crushing the sheared material classified to the predetermined particle size to a predetermined particle size by a mobile crushing means,
A second classification step of manufacturing a building material by classifying the crushed material crushed in the crushing step into a predetermined particle size by a mobile second classification means;
A step of returning the object to be crushed having a diameter larger than a predetermined particle diameter classified in the second classification step to the crushing step and crushing again.
Of the movable first classifying means, the movable crushing means, and the movable second classifying means according to the properties of the shear or the type or amount of the building material according to the construction period of the tunnel construction. A method of manufacturing a building material using tunnel excavation shears, characterized in that the treatment capacity or type or arrangement of at least one means is changed . Manufacturing a concrete material with a movable batcher mixer using the building material,
The method of manufacturing a building material using tunnel excavation shears according to claim 1, further comprising a step of transporting the manufactured concrete material to the tunnel excavation site by the conveyor. A first classifying means for classifying the particles at a predetermined particle size by arranging them at a stage subsequent to the conveyor for discharging the shear at the tunnel excavation site to the outside of the tunnel at the beginning of the tunnel construction ;
A mobile crushing means for crushing the classified particles having a predetermined particle size into a predetermined particle size,
Mobile second classifying means for manufacturing a building material by classifying the crushed material crushed by the mobile crushing means to a predetermined particle size,
A movable batcher mixer that manufactures a concrete material using the building material in the latter stage of the tunnel construction,
A movable transfer means for transferring the manufactured concrete material to the tunnel excavation site on the conveyor,
An apparatus for manufacturing a building material using a tunnel excavation shear, which has:

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