JP6709652B2 - 多孔質セラミックス構造体 - Google Patents
多孔質セラミックス構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6709652B2 JP6709652B2 JP2016060439A JP2016060439A JP6709652B2 JP 6709652 B2 JP6709652 B2 JP 6709652B2 JP 2016060439 A JP2016060439 A JP 2016060439A JP 2016060439 A JP2016060439 A JP 2016060439A JP 6709652 B2 JP6709652 B2 JP 6709652B2
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- Prior art keywords
- cerium dioxide
- porous ceramic
- mass
- honeycomb structure
- honeycomb
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 cerium dioxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 46
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;platinum Chemical compound [Pt].O[N+]([O-])=O UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KAKVFSYQVNHFBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5-hydroxycyclopenten-1-yl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound OC1CCC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KAKVFSYQVNHFBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Si] SBEQWOXEGHQIMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0006—Honeycomb structures
- C04B38/0009—Honeycomb structures characterised by features relating to the cell walls, e.g. wall thickness or distribution of pores in the walls
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- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/04—Alumina
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
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- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/5122—Pd or Pt
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
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Description
(1)坏土の調製
表1に示すハニカム構造体の無機原料(タルク39.7質量%、α−アルミナ14.1質量%、水酸化アルミニウム15.3質量%、カオリン17.5質量%、シリカ10.7質量%、二酸化セリウム2.7質量%)を混ぜ合わせ、得られた無機原料100質量部に対し、その他原料としてコークス2.0質量部、発泡樹脂5.4質量部、吸水性樹脂1.5質量部、メチルセルロース5.0質量部を加える。その後、ニーダーを用いて10分間混ぜた後、ラウリン酸カリウム1質量部、水33質量部(表1の記載省略)を加える。ここで、上記において質量部は、コークス等を混ぜる前の無機原料100質量部を基準とする。更に、ニーダーを用いて45分間、混練し、可塑性の坏土を作製する。
得られた坏土を、真空土練機を使用して柱状に成形した後、押出成形機に導入してハニカム状のハニカム成形体を作製する。ここで、ハニカム成形体は、ハニカム径が50mm、隔壁厚さが12mil(約0.3mm)、セル密度が300cpsi(cell per square inches:46.5セル/cm2)、外周壁厚さが約0.6mmであり、内部に流体の流路となる複数のセルを区画形成する格子状の隔壁を備えたものである。
作製されたハニカム成形体をマイクロ波乾燥、次いで熱風乾燥(80℃×12時間)した後、乾燥後のハニカム乾燥体の軸方向の長さが60mmになるように、ハニカム乾燥体の両端の端面を切断した。その後、ハニカム乾燥体を大気中で、1400℃の焼成温度で焼成処理をすることで、触媒未担持のハニカム構造体を作製した。
得られたハニカム構造体を4.0質量%のテトラアンミン白金硝酸水溶液に浸漬した後、大気中で100℃の乾燥温度で4時間乾燥させた。重量増加分が、元のハニカム構造体に対し、白金分が5g/Lとなるまで上記の浸漬及び乾燥処理を繰り返す。その後、大気中で550℃の焼成温度で焼成を行った。これにより、実施例1のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を得た。
実施例1における無機原料中のシリカの配合比率を8.4質量%、二酸化セリウムの配合比率を5.0質量%に変更し、その他上記(1)〜(4)と同一の条件で実施例2のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を作製した。
(1)実施例2における焼成温度を1375℃に変更し、その他同一の条件で実施例3のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を作製した。
実施例1,2と同一のため省略。これにより、実施例3のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を得た。
(1)坏土の調整
表1に示すハニカム構造体の複数種類の無機原料(酸化マグネシウム11.9質量%、αアルミナ33.3質量%、シリカ49.1質量%、二酸化セリウム5.7質量%)を混ぜ合わせ、得られた無機原料100質量部に対し、その他原料としてコークス2.0質量部、発泡樹脂5.4質量部、吸水性樹脂1.5質量部、メチルセルロース5.0質量部を加える。その後、ニーダーを用いて10分間混ぜた後、ラウリン酸カリウム1質量部、水33質量部(表1の記載省略)を加える。ここで、上記において質量部は、実施例1と同様の基準である。更に、ニーダーを用いて45分間、混練し、可塑性の坏土を作製する。
実施例1,2と同一のため省略。但し、白金分の触媒量が1g/Lとなるようにした。これにより、参考例のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を得た。
(1)坏土の調製
表1に示すハニカム構造体の二種類の無機原料(炭化珪素(SiC)80質量%、珪素(Si)20質量%)を混ぜ合わせ、得られたセラミックス材料100質量部に対し、水酸化アルミニウム0.4質量部、炭酸ストロンチウム1.4質量部、二酸化セリウム5.0質量部、デンプン3.5質量部、メチルセルロース樹脂7.0質量部を加える。その後、ニーダーを用いて10分間混ぜた後、水27質量部%(表1の記載省略)を加える。ここで、上記において質量部は、炭化珪素と珪素との合計のセラミックス材料100質量部を基準とする。更に、ニーダーを用いて、45分間、混練し、可塑性の坏土を作製する。
実施例1〜3及び参考例と同一のため省略。
作製されたハニカム成形体をマイクロ波乾燥、次いで熱風乾燥(80℃×12時間)した後、乾燥後のハニカム乾燥体の軸方向の長さが60mmになるように、ハニカム乾燥体の両端の端面を切断した。その後、ハニカム乾燥体をアルゴン雰囲気下中で、1450℃の焼成温度で焼成処理をすることで、触媒未担持のハニカム構造体を作製した。
得られたハニカム構造体を4.0質量%のテトラアンミン白金硝酸水溶液に浸漬した後、大気中で100℃の乾燥温度で4時間乾燥させた。重量増加分が、元のハニカム構造体に対し、白金分が0.1質量%となるまで上記の浸漬及び乾燥処理を繰り返す。その後、大気中で550℃の焼成温度で焼成を行った。これにより、実施例4の珪素/炭化珪素質(Si/SiC)のハニカム構造体を得た。
二酸化セリウムを添加せず、原料中のシリカの配合比率を13.4質量%とし、焼成温度を1425℃に設定した以外は実施例1と同一の条件とすることで、比較例1のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を得た。
二酸化セリウムを添加せず、原料中の配合比率を酸化マグネシウム11.6質量%、α−アルミナ45.0質量%、シリカ43.4質量%とした以外は、参考例と同一条件とすることで、比較例2のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を得た。
(1)触媒の調製
水10gに4.0質量%のテトラアンミン白金硝酸水溶液を24g加え、30分間スターラーで撹拌した後、二酸化セリウム粉末を投入し、撹拌しながら温度を上げて水分を蒸発させた。水分の蒸発後、大気中で100℃の乾燥温度で4時間乾燥を行い、更に、大気中で550℃の焼成温度で1時間焼成を行った。焼成後に得られたものを篩通しすることで触媒とした。
水100gに対し、得られた触媒を4.5g加えてスターラーで撹拌し、触媒液を調製した後、比較例1と同様に作製したハニカム構造体を当該触媒液に浸漬し、大気中で100℃の乾燥温度で4時間乾燥させた。重量増加分が、元のハニカム構造体に対して、白金分が1g/Lとなるまで上記浸漬及び乾燥処理を繰り返す。その後、大気中で550℃の焼成温度で焼成を行った。これにより、比較例3のコージェライト質のハニカム構造体を得た。
上記によって作製されたハニカム構造体(実施例1〜4、参考例、比較例1〜3)をそれぞれ、直径(=Φ)25.4mm×長さ(=L)50.8mmの試料片に加工し、加工した外周を基材の共材でコートした。これを測定試料として自動車排ガス分析装置を用いて評価を行った。このとき、昇温炉の中の反応管に上記測定試料をセットし、250℃に保持した。一方、250℃のガス温度に調整されたNO(一酸化炭素):200ppm、酸素(O2):10%の窒素バランスの混合ガスを作製し、反応管中にセットされた測定試料の中に導入する。このとき、測定試料から排出されたガス(排出ガス)を排気ガス測定装置(HORIBA製:MEXA−6000FT)を用いて分析し、それぞれの排出濃度(NO濃度、及びNO2濃度)の測定を行った。測定結果に基づいて、NO2変換率(1−NO濃度/(NO濃度+NO2濃度))を算出した。ここで、白金の担持量が5g/Lの場合において、NO2変換率が45%以上のものを“良”、30%以上〜45%未満のものを“可(実施例に相当)”、及び、30%未満のものを“不可(比較例に相当)”と評価した。
二酸化セリウム粒子径は、画像解析により算出した。ここで作製されたハニカム構造体(多孔質セラミックス構造体)を樹脂にて包含した後、ダイヤモンドスラリー等を用いて鏡面研磨したものを、画像解析のための観察試料として用いた。この鏡面研磨された断面研磨面を10000倍の倍率で走査型電子顕微鏡による観察を行い、多孔質セラミックス構造体の反射電子像写真(微構造画像)を得た。得られた反射電子像写真を画像解析ソフト(商品名:Image−Pro0.7)を使用し、コージェライトの領域と二酸化セリウムの領域とを区別するため、コントラストを調節し、二値化処理を行った。係る二値化処理によって、それぞれの二酸化セリウムの断面領域の輪郭を決定し、二酸化セリウム粒子径を測定した。
上記9と同様に、画像解析により算出した。ここでは、鏡面研磨された断面研磨面を750倍の倍率で走査型電子顕微鏡による観察を行い、多孔質セラミックス構造体の反射電子像写真(微構造画像)を得た。上記9と同様の画像解析ソフトを使用して二値化処理することで、それぞれの二酸化セリウムの断面領域の輪郭を決定し、反射電子像写真中の二酸化セリウムの個数をカウントした。更に、気孔表面に接している二酸化セリウムの個数をカウントし、気孔表面に配置されている(露出している)二酸化セリウムの粒子の割合(%)、すなわち、カウントされた気孔表面に配置された二酸化セリウムの個数/全二酸化セリウムの個数×100を算出した。ここで、Pt触媒量が5g/Lの場合、気孔表面に露出している二酸化セリウム粒子の割合が、10%以上のものを“良”、3%以上、10%未満のものを“可(実施例に相当)”、及び3%未満のものを“不可(比較例に相当)と評価した。
表2に示されるように、二酸化セリウムの含有のない比較例1〜3と比べて、二酸化セリウムを含有する実施例1〜4が高いNO2変換率を示すことが確認された(図5参照)。これにより、二酸化セリウムの一部に白金が担持されることによる効果が示される。また、気孔表面に露出している二酸化セリウム粒子の割合が10%以上の場合(実施例1,2,4)、NO2変換率が50%以上の高いものとなることが確認された(図4参照)。
Claims (3)
- 多孔質のセラミックス材料で形成され、構造体内部に気孔を有する多孔質セラミックス構造体であって、
前記セラミックス材料は、
コージェライト質、または、珪素/炭化珪素質のいずれか一方を主成分とし、
前記構造体内部に二酸化セリウムが粒子として取り込まれた状態で存在し、かつ、前記 気孔の気孔表面に前記二酸化セリウムの少なくとも一部が露出し、
前記二酸化セリウムの前記粒子の粒子径は、
0.025μm〜3.0μmの範囲であり、
前記多孔質セラミックス構造体を鏡面研磨した断面研磨面の反射電子像写真中の全ての二酸化セリウムの個数と前記反射電子像写真中の前記気孔表面に配置された二酸化セリウムの個数とをそれぞれカウントし、
気孔表面に配置された前記二酸化セリウムの個数/全ての二酸化セリウムの個数×100
によって算出される前記気孔表面に露出している前記二酸化セリウムの前記粒子の割合は、
5.4%〜14.8%の範囲である多孔質セラミックス構造体。 - 前記セラミックス材料に占める前記二酸化セリウムの比率は、
2.7質量%〜5.7質量%の範囲である請求項1に記載の多孔質セラミックス構造体。 - 前記多孔質セラミックス構造体は、
ハニカム構造体である請求項1または2に記載の多孔質セラミックス構造体。
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